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Wassie AT, Zhao Y, Boyden ES. Expansion microscopy: principles and uses in biological research. Nat Methods 2018; 16:33-41. [PMID: 30573813 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-018-0219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many biological investigations require 3D imaging of cells or tissues with nanoscale spatial resolution. We recently discovered that preserved biological specimens can be physically expanded in an isotropic fashion through a chemical process. Expansion microscopy (ExM) allows nanoscale imaging of biological specimens with conventional microscopes, decrowds biomolecules in support of signal amplification and multiplexed readout chemistries, and makes specimens transparent. We review the principles of how ExM works, advances in the technology made by our group and others, and its applications throughout biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmamaw T Wassie
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Center for Neurobiological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Xia Y, Huang N, Chen Z, Li F, Fan G, Ma D, Chen J, Teng J. CCDC102B functions in centrosome linker assembly and centrosome cohesion. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs222901. [PMID: 30404835 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteinaceous centrosome linker is an important structure that allows the centrosome to function as a single microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in interphase cells. However, the assembly mechanism of the centrosome linker components remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify CCDC102B as a new centrosome linker protein that is required for maintaining centrosome cohesion. CCDC102B is recruited to the centrosome by C-Nap1 (also known as CEP250) and interacts with the centrosome linker components rootletin and LRRC45. CCDC102B decorates and facilitates the formation of rootletin filaments. Furthermore, CCDC102B is phosphorylated by Nek2A (an isoform encoded by NEK2) and is disassociated from the centrosome at the onset of mitosis. Together, our findings reveal a molecular role for CCDC102B in centrosome cohesion and centrosome linker assembly.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guiliang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junlin Teng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Alon S, Huynh GH, Boyden ES. Expansion microscopy: enabling single cell analysis in intact biological systems. FEBS J 2018; 286:1482-1494. [PMID: 29938896 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for single cell analysis methods that enable the identification and localization of different kinds of biomolecules throughout cells and intact tissues, thereby allowing characterization and classification of individual cells and their relationships to each other within intact systems. Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a technology that physically magnifies tissues in an isotropic way, thereby achieving super-resolution microscopy on diffraction-limited microscopes, enabling rapid image acquisition and large field of view. As a result, ExM is well-positioned to integrate molecular content and cellular morphology, with the spatial precision sufficient to resolve individual biological building blocks, and the scale and accessibility required to deploy over extended 3-D objects like tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Alon
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Grace H Huynh
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Microsoft Research, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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