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Jennifer G A, Schreckenbach G, Varathan E. Computational study of core modified dipyriamethyrin for the competitive complexation of Am 3+/Cm 3+ from their trichlorides. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7899-7911. [PMID: 38635067 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00395k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In the process of handling and storage of radioactive actinides it is essential to selectively sequester the minor actinides, such as Am and Cm, through a competitive complexation process. Herein we computationally designed two core modified ligands (L21- and L3) through systematic oxygen substitution at the NH sites of dipyriamethyrin (L1_2H), a hexadentate expanded porphyrin, and studied their competitive complexation towards trivalent actinides (An = Am/Cm) from their trichlorides using density functional theory (DFT). We observed shorter An-N bonds and longer An-O bonds in complexes based on core modified ligands (L21- and L3). The An-Cl bond length increases with increasing axial coordination number (i.e., from L12- to L3) to accommodate the ligands. All the bonds were identified to be electrostatic in nature. L12- exhibits shorter bonds and larger bond orders on complexing with Am than with Cm. On moving from complexes of L21- to L3, the An-N bond lengths are shortened, while An-O bond lengths become larger. Between the complexes of Am and Cm, there is marginal difference in their bond distances with L21- and L3. Charge analysis shows ligand to metal charge transfer during coordination, with back-donation from An to N/O and Cl. The calculated spin-density analysis indicates that An remains in its trivalent oxidation state on complexation, while orbital occupation analysis shows that the 5f and 6d orbitals are involved in bonding; this was confirmed by molecular orbital (MO) analysis that shows the complexes of L21- and L3 to exhibit higher degeneracy in their overlapping MOs. Further, the energy decomposition analysis (EDA) confirms that all ionic bonds are primarily due to electrostatic contributions, where the orbital contributions increase from L12- to L3 complexes and maximum covalency was observed in Cm complexes due to the energy matching between the 5f orbitals of Cm and the 2p orbitals of N and Cl, compared to Am. To confirm the competitiveness in the complexation of the ligand towards Am vs. Cm, the thermodynamic parameters were analysed for the ligand and metal substitution reactions. L12- shows more affinity towards Am than Cm, while L21- and L3 prefer Cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Jennifer G
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Georg Schreckenbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Elumalai Varathan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Long BN, Beltrán-Leíva MJ, Sperling JM, Poe TN, Celis-Barros C, Albrecht-Schönzart TE. Altering the spectroscopy, electronic structure, and bonding of organometallic curium(III) upon coordination of 4,4'-bipyridine. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3774. [PMID: 37355669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural and electronic characterization of (Cp'3Cm)2(μ-4,4'-bpy) (Cp' = trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl, 4,4'-bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine) is reported and provides a rare example of curium-carbon bonding. Cp'3Cm displays unexpectedly low energy emission that is quenched upon coordination by 4,4'-bipyridine. Electronic structure calculations on Cp'3Cm and (Cp'3Cm)2(μ-4,4'-bpy) rule out significant differences in the emissive state, rendering 4,4'-bipyridine as the primary quenching agent. Comparisons of (Cp'3Cm)2(μ-4,4'-bpy) with its samarium and gadolinium analogues reveal atypical bonding patterns and electronic features that offer insights into bonding between carbon with f-block metal ions. Here we show the structural characterization of a curium-carbon bond, in addition to the unique electronic properties never before observed in a curium compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian N Long
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - María J Beltrán-Leíva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Joseph M Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Todd N Poe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Cristian Celis-Barros
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
| | - Thomas E Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
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3
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Wang YL, Li FF, Xiao Z, Wang CZ, Liu Y, Shi WQ, He H. Experimental and theoretical studies on the extraction behavior of Cf(iii) by NTAamide(C8) ligand and the separation of Cf(iii)/Cm(iii). RSC Adv 2023; 13:3781-3791. [PMID: 36756586 PMCID: PMC9890634 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07660h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work we studied the extraction behaviors of Cf(iii) by NTAamide (N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexaocactyl-nitrilotriacetamide, C8) in nitric acid medium. Influencing factors such as contact time, concentration of NTAamide(C8), HNO3 and NO3 - as well as temperature were considered. The slope analysis showed that Cf(iii) should be coordinated in the form of neutral molecules, and the extraction complex should be Cf(NO3)3·2L (L = NTAamide(C8)), which can achieve better extraction effect under the low acidity condition. When the concentration of HNO3 was 0.1 mol L-1, the separation factor (SFCf/Cm) was 3.34. The extractant has application prospect to differentiate the trivalent Cf(iii) and Cm(iii) when the concentration of nitric acid is low. On the other hand, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to explore the coordination mechanism of NTAamide(C8) ligands with Cf/Cm cations. The NTAamide(C8) complexes of Cf(iii)/Cm(iii) have similar geometric structures, and An(iii) is more likely to form a complex with 1 : 2 stoichiometry (metal ion/ligands). In addition, bonding property and thermodynamics analyses showed that NTAamide(C8) ligands had stronger coordination ability with Cf(iii) over Cm(iii). Our work provides meaningful information with regard to the in-group separation of An(iii) in practical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-lin Wang
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413P. R. China
| | - Feng-feng Li
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413P. R. China
| | - Zhe Xiao
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 P. R. China
| | - Cong-zhi Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P. R. China
| | - Wei-qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P. R. China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 P. R. China
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4
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Kvashnina KO. Rare radioisotopes at the ready. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1337-1338. [PMID: 36344818 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01086-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina O Kvashnina
- The Rossendorf Beamline at The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France.
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.
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Liu Y, Wang CZ, Wu QY, Lan JH, Chai ZF, Wu WS, Shi WQ. Theoretical Probing of Size-Selective Crown Ether Macrocycle Ligands for Transplutonium Element Separation. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4404-4413. [PMID: 35230088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Effective separation and recovery of chemically similar transplutonium elements from adjacent actinides is extremely challenging in spent fuel reprocessing. Deep comprehension of the complexation of transplutonium elements and ligands is significant for the design and development of ligands for the in-group separation of transplutonium elements. Because of experimental difficulties of transplutonium elements, theoretical calculation has become an effective means of exploring transplutonium complexes. In this work, we systematically investigated the coordination mechanism between transplutonium elements (An = Am, Cm, Bk, Cf) and two crown ether macrocyclic ligands [N,N'- bis[(6-carboxy-2-pyridyl)methyl]-1,10-diaza-18-crown-6 (H2bp18c6) and N,N'-bis[(6-methylphosphinic-2-pyridyl)methyl]-1,10-diaza-18-crown-6 (H2bpp18c6)] through quasi-relativistic density functional theory. The extraction complexes of [Anbp18c6]+ and [Anbpp18c6]+ possess similar geometrical structures with actinide atoms located in the cavity of the ligands. Bonding nature analysis indicates that the coordination ability of the coordinating atoms in pendent arms is stronger than that in the crown ether macrocycle because of the limitation of the macrocycle. Most of the coordination atoms of the H2bp18c6 ligand have a stronger ability to coordinate with metal ions than those of the H2bpp18c6 ligand. In addition, the bonding strength between the metal ions and ligands gradually weakens from Am to Cf, which is mainly attributed to the size selectivity of the ligands. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the H2bp18c6 ligand has a stronger extraction capacity than the H2bpp18c6 ligand, while the H2bpp18c6 ligand is superior in terms of the in-group separation ability. The extraction capacity of the two ligands for metal ions gradually decreases across the actinide series, indicating that these crown ether macrocycle ligands have size selectivity for these actinide cations as a result of steric constraint of the crown ether ring. We hope that these results offer theoretical clues for the development of macrocycle ligands for in-group transplutonium separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cong-Zhi Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qun-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian-Hui Lan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wang-Suo Wu
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Pallares RM, An DD, Deblonde GJP, Kullgren B, Gauny SS, Jarvis EE, Abergel RJ. Efficient discrimination of transplutonium actinides by in vivo models. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5295-5301. [PMID: 34168780 PMCID: PMC8179619 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06610a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplutonium actinides are among the heaviest elements whose macroscale chemical properties can be experimentally tested. Being scarce and hazardous, their chemistry is rather unexplored, and they have traditionally been considered a rather homogeneous group, with most of their characteristics extrapolated from lanthanide surrogates. Newly emerged applications for these elements, combined with their persistent presence in nuclear waste, however, call for a better understanding of their behavior in complex living systems. In this work, we explored the biodistribution and excretion profiles of four transplutonium actinides (248Cm, 249Bk, 249Cf and 253Es) in a small animal model, and evaluated their in vivo sequestration and decorporation by two therapeutic chelators, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO). Notably, the organ deposition patterns of those transplutonium actinides were element-dependent, particularly in the liver and skeleton, where lower atomic number radionuclides showed up to 7-fold larger liver/skeleton accumulation ratios. Nevertheless, the metal content in multiple organs was significantly decreased for all tested actinides, particularly in the liver, after administering the therapeutic agent 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) post-contamination. Lastly, the systematic comparison of the radionuclide biodistributions showed discernibly element-dependent organ depositions, which may provide insights into design rules for new bio-inspired chelating systems with high sequestration and separation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger M Pallares
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Dahlia D An
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Gauthier J-P Deblonde
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94550 USA
| | - Birgitta Kullgren
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Stacey S Gauny
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Erin E Jarvis
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Rebecca J Abergel
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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7
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Mattocks JA, Cotruvo JA. Biological, biomolecular, and bio-inspired strategies for detection, extraction, and separations of lanthanides and actinides. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8315-8334. [PMID: 33057507 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00653j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanides and actinides are elements of ever-increasing technological importance in the modern world. However, the similar chemical and physical properties within these groups make purification of individual elements a challenge. Current industrial standards for the extraction, separation, and purification of these metals from natural sources, recycled materials, and industrial waste are inefficient, relying upon harsh conditions, repetitive steps, and ligands with only modest selectivity. Biological, biomolecular, and bio-inspired strategies towards improving these separations and making them more environmentally sustainable have been researched for many years; however, these methods often have insufficient selectivity for practical application. Recent developments in the understanding of how lanthanides are selectively acquired and used by certain bacteria offer the opportunity for a newer, more efficient take on these designs, as well as the possibility for fundamentally new designs and strategies. Herein, we review current cell-based and biomolecular (primarily small-molecule and protein-based) methods for detection, extraction, and separations of f-block elements. We discuss how the increasing knowledge regarding the selective recognition, uptake, trafficking, and storage of these elements in biological systems has informed and will continue to promote development of novel approaches to achieve these ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Mattocks
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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8
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Open questions in transplutonium coordination chemistry. Commun Chem 2020; 3:103. [PMID: 36703310 PMCID: PMC9814350 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00338-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, momentous progress has been made in the characterization of late actinide compounds. Here the authors highlight how advances in spectroscopic and computational tools have developed our understanding of fundamental transplutonium bonding interactions, and discuss whether covalency and heterogeneity changes in 5f-orbital bonding could be harnessed in environmentally and industrially relevant systems.
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9
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Pallares RM, Sturzbecher-Hoehne M, Shivaram NH, Cryan JP, D'Aléo A, Abergel RJ. Two-Photon Antenna Sensitization of Curium: Evidencing Metal-Driven Effects on Absorption Cross Section in f-Element Complexes. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6063-6067. [PMID: 32635727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon-excited fluorescence spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study the structural and electronic properties of optically active complexes and molecules. Although numerous lanthanide complexes have been characterized by two-photon-excited fluorescence in solution, this report is the first to apply such a technique to actinide compounds. Contrasting with previous observations in lanthanides, we demonstrate that the two-photon absorption properties of the complexes significantly depend on the metal (4f vs 5f), with Cm(III) complexes showing significantly higher two-photon absorption cross sections than lanthanide analogues and up to 200-fold stronger emission intensities. These results are consistent with electronic and structural differences between the lanthanide and actinide systems studied. Hence, the described methodology can provide valuable insights into the interactions between f-elements and ligands, along with promising prospects on the characterization of scarce compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger M Pallares
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Manuel Sturzbecher-Hoehne
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Niranjan H Shivaram
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - James P Cryan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Anthony D'Aléo
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINaM UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, Case 913, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Rebecca J Abergel
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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10
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Yu J, Ma J, Yang C, Yu H. Binding affinity of pyridines with Am III/Cm III elucidated by density functional theory calculations. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1613-1623. [PMID: 30629054 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04669g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, N-heterocyclic ligands have been extensively used in the separation of lanthanides/actinides, whereas the selective extraction of amercium or curium has been very challenging. Using density functional theory calculations, this study is devoted to the investigation of the binding affinity of a series of modelling pyridine ligands with AmIII and CmIII. The structure-property correlations between the amercium and curium systems and the binding affinity were obtained, and promising strategies for efficient separation of AmIII/CmIII were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Chuting Yang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Haizhu Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
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11
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Quantum chemical studies of structures and spin Hamiltonian parameters of iron transferrin using isolated and embedded clusters models. J CHEM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-019-1591-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Junker AKR, Deblonde GJP, Abergel RJ, Sørensen TJ. Investigating subtle 4f vs. 5f coordination differences using kinetically inert Eu(iii), Tb(iii), and Cm(iii) complexes of a coumarin-appended 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetate (DO3A) ligand. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7362-7369. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01547c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coumarin appended DO3A complexes of Cm(iii), Eu(iii), and Tb(iii) show that more than ionic radius determines the coordination chemistry of the f-elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kathrine R. Junker
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 København Ø
- Denmark
| | | | - Rebecca J. Abergel
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 København Ø
- Denmark
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Van Hoecke K, Bussé J, Gysemans M, Adriaensen L, Dobney A, Cardinaels T. Isolation of lanthanides from spent nuclear fuel by means of high performance ion chromatography (HPIC) prior to mass spectrometric analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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