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Koottandavida A, Tsioutsios I, Kargioti A, Smith CR, Joshi VR, Dai W, Teoh JD, Curtis JC, Frunzio L, Schoelkopf RJ, Devoret MH. Erasure Detection of a Dual-Rail Qubit Encoded in a Double-Post Superconducting Cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:180601. [PMID: 38759169 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.180601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Qubits with predominantly erasure errors present distinctive advantages for quantum error correction (QEC) and fault-tolerant quantum computing. Logical qubits based on dual-rail encoding that exploit erasure detection have been recently proposed in superconducting circuit architectures, with either coupled transmons or cavities. Here, we implement a dual-rail qubit encoded in a compact, double-post superconducting cavity. Using an auxiliary transmon, we perform erasure detection on the dual-rail subspace. We characterize the behavior of the code space by a novel method to perform joint-Wigner tomography. This is based on modifying the cross-Kerr interaction between the cavity modes and the transmon. We measure an erasure rate of 3.981±0.003 (ms)^{-1} and a residual, postselected dephasing error rate up to 0.17 (ms)^{-1} within the code space. This strong hierarchy of error rates, together with the compact and hardware-efficient nature of this novel architecture, holds promise in realizing QEC schemes with enhanced thresholds and improved scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Koottandavida
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Ioannis Tsioutsios
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Aikaterini Kargioti
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Cassady R Smith
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Vidul R Joshi
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - James D Teoh
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Jacob C Curtis
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Luigi Frunzio
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Robert J Schoelkopf
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Michel H Devoret
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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Choi MS, Ali N, Ngo TD, Choi H, Oh B, Yang H, Yoo WJ. Recent Progress in 1D Contacts for 2D-Material-Based Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202408. [PMID: 35594170 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have intensively examined 2D materials (2DMs) as promising materials for use in future quantum devices due to their atomic thinness. However, a major limitation occurs when 2DMs are in contact with metals: a van der Waals (vdW) gap is generated at the 2DM-metal interfaces, which induces metal-induced gap states that are responsible for an uncontrollable Schottky barrier (SB), Fermi-level pinning (FLP), and high contact resistance (RC ), thereby substantially lowering the electronic mobility of 2DM-based devices. Here, vdW-gap-free 1D edge contact is reviewed for use in 2D devices with substantially suppressed carrier scattering of 2DMs with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) encapsulation. The 1D contact further enables uniform carrier transport across multilayered 2DM channels, high-density transistor integration independent of scaling, and the fabrication of double-gate transistors suitable for demonstrating unique quantum phenomena of 2DMs. The existing 1D contact methods are reviewed first. As a promising technology toward the large-scale production of 2D devices, seamless lateral contacts are reviewed in detail. The electronic, optoelectronic, and quantum devices developed via 1D contacts are subsequently discussed. Finally, the challenges regarding the reliability of 1D contacts are addressed, followed by an outlook of 1D contact methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sup Choi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Nasir Ali
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Tien Dat Ngo
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Hyungyu Choi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Byungdu Oh
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Heejun Yang
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Won Jong Yoo
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
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McGuire J, Miras HN, Richards E, Sproules S. Enabling single qubit addressability in a molecular semiconductor comprising gold-supported organic radicals. Chem Sci 2019; 10:1483-1491. [PMID: 30809365 PMCID: PMC6354843 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04500c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A bis(dithiolene)gold complex is presented as a model for an organic molecular electron spin qubit attached to a metallic surface that acts as a conduit to electrically address the qubit. A two-membered electron transfer series is developed of the formula [AuIII(adt)2]1-/0, where adt is a redox-active dithiolene ligand that is sequentially oxidized as the series is traversed while the central metal ion remains AuIII and steadfastly square planar. One-electron oxidation of diamagnetic [AuIII(adt)2]1- (1) produces an S = 1/2 charge-neutral complex, [AuIII(adt2 3-˙)] (2) which is spectroscopically and theoretically characterized with a near negligible Au contribution to the ground state. A phase memory time (T M) of 21 μs is recorded in 4 : 1 CS2/CCl4 at 10 K, which is the longest ever reported for a coordination complex possessing a third-row transition metal ion. With increasing temperature, T M dramatically decreases becoming unmeasurable above 80 K as a consequence of the diminishing spin-lattice (T 1) relaxation time fueled by spin-orbit coupling. These relaxation times are 1-2 orders of magnitude shorter for the solid dilution of 2 in isoelectronic [Ni(adt)2] because this material is a molecular semiconductor. Although the conducting properties of this material provide efficient pathways to dissipate the energy through the lattice, it can also be used to electrically address the paramagnetic dopant by tapping into the mild reduction potential to switch magnetism "on" and "off" in the gold complex without compromising the integrity of its structure. These results serve to highlight the need to consider all components of these spintronic assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake McGuire
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Haralampos N Miras
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Emma Richards
- School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place , Cardiff , CF10 3AT , UK
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
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