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Peng C, Sui Y, Fang C, Sun H, Liu W, Li X, Qu C, Li W, Liu J, Wu C. Highly sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor using odorant-binding protein to detect aldehydes. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1318:342932. [PMID: 39067919 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Recently, various biosensors based on odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) were developed for the detection of odorants and pheromones. However, important data gaps exist regarding the sensitive and selective detection of aldehydes with various carbon numbers. In this work, an OBP2a-based electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) biosensor was developed by immobilizing OBP2a on a gold interdigital electrode, and was characterized by EIS and atomic force microscopy. EIS responses showed the OBP2a-based biosensor was highly sensitive to citronellal, lily aldehyde, octanal, and decanal (detection limit of 10-11 mol/L), and was selective towards aldehydes compared with interfering odorants such as small-molecule alcohols and fatty acids (selectivity coefficients lower than 0.15). Moreover, the OBP2a-based biosensor exhibited high repeatability (relative standard deviation: 1.6%-9.1 %, n = 3 for each odorant), stability (NIC declined by 3.6 % on 6th day), and recovery (91.2%-96.6 % on three real samples). More specifically, the sensitivity of the biosensor to aldehydes was positively correlated to the molecular weight and the heterocyclic molecule structure of the odorants. These results proved the availability and the potential usage of the OBP2a-based EIS biosensor for the rapid and sensitive detection of aldehydes in aspects such as medical diagnostics, food and favor analysis, and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yutong Sui
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chaohua Fang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongxu Sun
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinying Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chen Qu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiemin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Chuandong Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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2
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Al-Younis ZK, Almajidi YQ, Mansouri S, Ahmad I, Turdialiyev U, O Alsaab H, F Ramadan M, Joshi SK, Alawadi AH, Alsaalamy A. Label-Free Field Effect Transistors (FETs) for Fabrication of Point-of-Care (POC) Biomedical Detection Probes. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38829552 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2356842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Field effect transistors (FETs)-based detection probes are powerful platforms for quantification in biological media due to their sensitivity, ease of miniaturization, and ability to function in biological media. Especially, FET-based platforms have been utilized as promising probes for label-free detections with the potential for use in real-time monitoring. The integration of new materials in the FET-based probe enhances the analytical performance of the developed probes by increasing the active surface area, rejecting interfering agents, and providing the possibility for surface modification. Furthermore, the use of new materials eliminates the need for traditional labeling techniques, providing rapid and cost-effective detection of biological analytes. This review discusses the application of materials in the development of FET-based label-free systems for point-of-care (POC) analysis of different biomedical analytes from 2018 to 2024. The mechanism of action of the reported probes is discussed, as well as their pros and cons were also investigated. Also, the possible challenges and potential for the fabrication of commercial devices or methods for use in clinics were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics), Baghdad College of Medical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sofiene Mansouri
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabiain
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umid Turdialiyev
- Department of Technical Sciences, Andijan Machine-Building Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - S K Joshi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
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3
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Choi W, Shin S, Do J, Son J, Kim K, Lee JS. Influence of Surface Treatments on Urea Detection Using Si Electrolyte-Gated Transistors with Different Gate Electrodes. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:621. [PMID: 38793194 PMCID: PMC11123436 DOI: 10.3390/mi15050621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of surface treatments on Si-based electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) for detecting urea. Three types of EGTs were fabricated with distinct gate electrodes (Ag, Au, Pt) using a top-down method. These EGTs exhibited exceptional intrinsic electrical properties, including a low subthreshold swing of 80 mV/dec, a high on/off current ratio of 106, and negligible hysteresis. Three surface treatment methods ((3-amino-propyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and glutaraldehyde (GA), 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA)) were individually applied to the EGTs with different gate electrodes (Ag, Au, Pt). Gold nanoparticle binding tests were performed to validate the surface functionalization. We compared their detection performance of urea and found that APTES and GA exhibited the most superior detection characteristics, followed by 11-MUA and 3-MPA, regardless of the gate metal. APTES and GA, with the highest pKa among the three surface treatment methods, did not compromise the activity of urease, making it the most suitable surface treatment method for urea sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyeong Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Seonghwan Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Jeonghyeon Do
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Jongmin Son
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Division of Electronics Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
- Innovative General Electronic Sensor Technology (i-GEST) Co., Ltd., Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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4
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Song J, Liu H, Zhao Z, Lin P, Yan F. Flexible Organic Transistors for Biosensing: Devices and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2300034. [PMID: 36853083 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and stretchable biosensors can offer seamless and conformable biological-electronic interfaces for continuously acquiring high-fidelity signals, permitting numerous emerging applications. Organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) are ideal transducers for flexible and stretchable biosensing due to their soft nature, inherent amplification function, biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, low cost, and device diversity. In consideration of the rapid advances in flexible-OTFT-based biosensors and their broad applications, herein, a timely and comprehensive review is provided. It starts with a detailed introduction to the features of various OTFTs including organic field-effect transistors and organic electrochemical transistors, and the functionalization strategies for biosensing, with a highlight on the seminal work and up-to-date achievements. Then, the applications of flexible-OTFT-based biosensors in wearable, implantable, and portable electronics, as well as neuromorphic biointerfaces are detailed. Subsequently, special attention is paid to emerging stretchable organic transistors including planar and fibrous devices. The routes to impart stretchability, including structural engineering and material engineering, are discussed, and the implementations of stretchable organic transistors in e-skin and smart textiles are included. Finally, the remaining challenges and the future opportunities in this field are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Song
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Peng Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute of Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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5
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Li M, Liu M, Qi F, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Self-Assembled Monolayers for Interfacial Engineering in Solution-Processed Thin-Film Electronic Devices: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2138-2204. [PMID: 38421811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering has long been a vital means of improving thin-film device performance, especially for organic electronics, perovskites, and hybrid devices. It greatly facilitates the fabrication and performance of solution-processed thin-film devices, including organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, due to the limitation of traditional interfacial materials, further progress of these thin-film devices is hampered particularly in terms of stability, flexibility, and sensitivity. The deadlock has gradually been broken through the development of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which possess distinct benefits in transparency, diversity, stability, sensitivity, selectivity, and surface passivation ability. In this review, we first showed the evolution of SAMs, elucidating their working mechanisms and structure-property relationships by assessing a wide range of SAM materials reported to date. A comprehensive comparison of various SAM growth, fabrication, and characterization methods was presented to help readers interested in applying SAM to their works. Moreover, the recent progress of the SAM design and applications in mainstream thin-film electronic devices, including OFETs, OSCs, PVSCs and OLEDs, was summarized. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the major challenges for the further development of SAMs used in thin-film devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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6
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Shao W, Zeng Z, Star A. An Ultrasensitive Norfentanyl Sensor Based on a Carbon Nanotube-Based Field-Effect Transistor for the Detection of Fentanyl Exposure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:37784-37793. [PMID: 37523478 PMCID: PMC10416144 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The opioid crisis is a worldwide public health crisis that has affected millions of people. In recent years, synthetic opioids, primarily illicit fentanyl, have become the primary driver of overdose deaths. There is a great need for a highly sensitive, portable, and inexpensive analytical tool that can quickly indicate the presence and relative threat of fentanyl. In this work, we develop a semiconductor enriched (sc-) single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based field-effect transistor (FET) biosensor functionalized with norfentanyl antibodies for the sensitive detection of norfentanyl, the primary inactive metabolite of fentanyl, in urine samples. Different sensor configurations were explored in order to obtain the most optimized sensing results. Moreover, by employing the "reduced" antibody, we achieved orientated immobilization of the norfentanyl antibody and thus brought the antigen-antibody interaction closer to the sensor surface, further improving the sensitivity. The reported norfentanyl biosensors have a limit of detection in the fg/mL region in both calibration samples and synthetic urine samples, showing ultrasensitivity and high reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Shao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zidao Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Alexander Star
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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7
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Choi W, Jin B, Shin S, Do J, Son J, Kim K, Lee JS. Highly Sensitive Detection of Urea Using Si Electrolyte-Gated Transistor with Low Power Consumption. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050565. [PMID: 37232926 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate Si-based electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) for detecting urea. The top-down-fabricated device exhibited excellent intrinsic characteristics, including a low subthreshold swing (SS) (~80 mV/dec) and a high on/off current ratio (~107). The sensitivity, which varied depending on the operation regime, was analyzed with the urea concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 316 mM. The current-related response could be enhanced by reducing the SS of the devices, whereas the voltage-related response remained relatively constant. The urea sensitivity in the subthreshold regime was as high as 1.9 dec/pUrea, four times higher than the reported value. The extracted power consumption of 0.3 nW was extremely low compared to other FET-type sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyeong Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Jin
- Zhejiang RockerStone Electronics Technology Co., Ltd. (Defeng Electronic Technology), Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Seonghwan Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Do
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Son
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Division of Electronics Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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8
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Mansouri Majd S, Mirzapour F, Shamsipur M, Manouchehri I, Babaee E, Pashabadi A, Moradian R. Design of a novel aptamer/molecularly imprinted polymer hybrid modified Ag-Au@Insulin nanoclusters/Au-gate-based MoS 2 nanosheet field-effect transistor for attomolar detection of BRCA1 gene. Talanta 2023; 257:124394. [PMID: 36858016 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of breast cancer, the first main cause of death in women, with robust assay platforms using appropriate biomarkers is of great importance for diagnosis and follow-up of the disease progression. This paper introduces an extra selective and sensitive label-free aptasensor for the screening of BRCA1 gene biomarker by taking advantage of a gate modified with aptamer and molecularly imprinted polymer hybrid (MIP) as a new synthetic receptor film coupled with an electrolyte-gated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) field-effect transistor (FET). The Au gate surface of FET was modified with insulin stabilized bimetallic Ag-Au@nanoclusters (Ag-Au@InsNCs), after which, the immobilization of the hybridized aptamer and o-phenylenediamine was electropolymerized to form an aptamer-MIP hybrid receptor. The output characteristics of Apta-MIP hybrid modified Au gate MoS2 FET device were followed as a result of change in electrical double layer capacitance of electrolye-gate interface. The magnitude of decrease in the drain current showed a linear response over a wide concentration range of 10 aM to 1 nM of BRCA1 ssDNA with a sensitivity as high as 0.4851 μA/decade of concentration and a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.0 aM while very low responses observed for non-imprinted polymer. The devised aptasensor not only was capable to the discrimination of the complementary versus one-base mismatch BRCA1 ssDNA sequence, but also it could detect the complementary BRCA1 ssDNA in spiked human serum samples over a wide concentration range of 10 aM to 1.0 nM with a low LOD of 6.4 aM and a high sensitivity 0.3718 μA/decade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Mirzapour
- Department of Chemistry, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shamsipur
- Department of Chemistry, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Iraj Manouchehri
- Department of Physics, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elaheh Babaee
- Department of Chemistry, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Afshin Pashabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rostam Moradian
- Department of Physics, Razi University, 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
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9
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Hao R, Liu L, Yuan J, Wu L, Lei S. Recent Advances in Field Effect Transistor Biosensors: Designing Strategies and Applications for Sensitive Assay. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040426. [PMID: 37185501 PMCID: PMC10136430 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In comparison with traditional clinical diagnosis methods, field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have the advantages of fast response, easy miniaturization and integration for high-throughput screening, which demonstrates their great technical potential in the biomarker detection platform. This mini review mainly summarizes recent advances in FET biosensors. Firstly, the review gives an overview of the design strategies of biosensors for sensitive assay, including the structures of devices, functionalization methods and semiconductor materials used. Having established this background, the review then focuses on the following aspects: immunoassay based on a single biosensor for disease diagnosis; the efficient integration of FET biosensors into a large-area array, where multiplexing provides valuable insights for high-throughput testing options; and the integration of FET biosensors into microfluidics, which contributes to the rapid development of lab-on-chip (LOC) sensing platforms and the integration of biosensors with other types of sensors for multifunctional applications. Finally, we summarize the long-term prospects for the commercialization of FET sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisha Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiangyan Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lingli Wu
- Medical College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shengbin Lei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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10
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Nawaz A, Merces L, Ferro LMM, Sonar P, Bufon CCB. Impact of Planar and Vertical Organic Field-Effect Transistors on Flexible Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204804. [PMID: 36124375 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of flexible and conformable devices, whose performance can be maintained while being continuously deformed, provides a significant step toward the realization of next-generation wearable and e-textile applications. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are particularly interesting for flexible and lightweight products, because of their low-temperature solution processability, and the mechanical flexibility of organic materials that endows OFETs the natural compatibility with plastic and biodegradable substrates. Here, an in-depth review of two competing flexible OFET technologies, planar and vertical OFETs (POFETs and VOFETs, respectively) is provided. The electrical, mechanical, and physical properties of POFETs and VOFETs are critically discussed, with a focus on four pivotal applications (integrated logic circuits, light-emitting devices, memories, and sensors). It is pointed out that the flexible function of the relatively newer VOFET technology, along with its perspective on advancing the applicability of flexible POFETs, has not been reviewed so far, and the direct comparison regarding the performance of POFET- and VOFET-based flexible applications is most likely absent. With discussions spanning printed and wearable electronics, materials science, biotechnology, and environmental monitoring, this contribution is a clear stimulus to researchers working in these fields to engage toward the plentiful possibilities that POFETs and VOFETs offer to flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nawaz
- Center for Sensors and Devices, Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, 38123, Italy
| | - Leandro Merces
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Letícia M M Ferro
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-100, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Prashant Sonar
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Carlos C B Bufon
- MackGraphe - Graphene and Nanomaterials Research Center, Mackenzie Presbyterian Institute, São Paulo, 01302-907, Brazil
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11
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Qin C, Wang Y, Hu J, Wang T, Liu D, Dong J, Lu Y. Artificial Olfactory Biohybrid System: An Evolving Sense of Smell. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204726. [PMID: 36529960 PMCID: PMC9929144 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The olfactory system can detect and recognize tens of thousands of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at low concentrations in complex environments. Bioelectronic nose (B-EN), which mimics olfactory systems, is becoming an emerging sensing technology for identifying VOCs with sensitivity and specificity. B-ENs integrate electronic sensors with bioreceptors and pattern recognition technologies to enable medical diagnosis, public security, environmental monitoring, and food safety. However, there is currently no commercially available B-EN on the market. Apart from the high selectivity and sensitivity necessary for volatile organic compound analysis, commercial B-ENs must overcome issues impacting sensor operation and other problems associated with odor localization. The emergence of nanotechnology has provided a novel research concept for addressing these problems. In this work, the structure and operational mechanisms of biomimetic olfactory systems are discussed, with an emphasis on the development and immobilization of materials. Various biosensor applications and current developments are reviewed. Challenges and opportunities for fulfilling the potential of artificial olfactory biohybrid systems in fundamental and practical research are investigated in greater depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanting Qin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiocatalysisMinistry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key LaboratoryCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiocatalysisMinistry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key LaboratoryCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457China
| | - Jiawang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiocatalysisMinistry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiocatalysisMinistry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiocatalysisMinistry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Jian Dong
- Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key LaboratoryCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiocatalysisMinistry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
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12
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Ligand Binding Properties of Odorant-Binding Protein OBP5 from Mus musculus. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:biology12010002. [PMID: 36671695 PMCID: PMC9855133 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are abundant soluble proteins secreted in the nasal mucus of a variety of species that are believed to be involved in the transport of odorants toward olfactory receptors. In this study, we report the functional characterization of mouse OBP5 (mOBP5). mOBP5 was recombinantly expressed as a hexahistidine-tagged protein in bacteria and purified using metal affinity chromatography. The oligomeric state and secondary structure composition of mOBP5 were investigated using gel filtration and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Fluorescent experiments revealed that mOBP5 interacts with the fluorescent probe N-phenyl naphthylamine (NPN) with micromolar affinity. Competitive binding experiments with 40 odorants indicated that mOBP5 binds a restricted number of odorants with good affinity. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) confirmed that mOBP5 binds these compounds with association constants in the low micromolar range. Finally, protein homology modeling and molecular docking analysis indicated the amino acid residues of mOBP5 that determine its binding properties.
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13
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Chen Y, Du L, Tian Y, Zhu P, Liu S, Liang D, Liu Y, Wang M, Chen W, Wu C. Progress in the Development of Detection Strategies Based on Olfactory and Gustatory Biomimetic Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:858. [PMID: 36290995 PMCID: PMC9599203 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The biomimetic olfactory and gustatory biosensing devices have broad applications in many fields, such as industry, security, and biomedicine. The development of these biosensors was inspired by the organization of biological olfactory and gustatory systems. In this review, we summarized the most recent advances in the development of detection strategies for chemical sensing based on olfactory and gustatory biomimetic biosensors. First, sensing mechanisms and principles of olfaction and gustation are briefly introduced. Then, different biomimetic sensing detection strategies are outlined based on different sensing devices functionalized with various molecular and cellular components originating from natural olfactory and gustatory systems. Thereafter, various biomimetic olfactory and gustatory biosensors are introduced in detail by classifying and summarizing the detection strategies based on different sensing devices. Finally, the future directions and challenges of biomimetic biosensing development are proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Chen
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Liping Du
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yulan Tian
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Shuge Liu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Dongxin Liang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yage Liu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Chunsheng Wu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
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14
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Construction of cellulose-based highly sensitive extended-gate field effect chiral sensor. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022:10.1007/s00216-022-04306-x. [PMID: 36102972 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Chiral recognition is an emerging field of modern chemical analysis, and the development of health-related fields depends on the production of enantiomers. Cellulose is a kind of natural polymer material with certain chiral recognition ability. Limited by the chiral recognition ability of natural cellulose itself, more cellulose derivatives have been gradually developed for chiral recognition and separation. Based on the difference in action between cellulose derivatives and enantiomers, this work synthesized cellulose-tris(4-methylphenylcarbamate) (CMPC) chiral recognition mediators and a CMPC-functionalized extended-gate organic field effect transistor (EG-OFET) was constructed for the first time. Three chiral molecules were selected as model analytes to evaluate the enantiomeric recognition ability of the platform, including threonine (Thr), 2-chloromandelic acid (CA), and 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEA). The detection limit for 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEA) is down to 10-13 M. Through the amplification effect of the EG-OFET platform, the difference in the interaction between CMPC and three chiral molecules with different structures is converted into a current signal output. At the same time, the enantiomer discrimination mechanism of CMPC was further studied by means of spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance.
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15
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Zhou Q, Sasaki Y, Ohshiro K, Fan H, Montagna V, Gonzato C, Haupt K, Minami T. An organic transistor for the selective detection of tropane alkaloids utilizing a molecularly imprinted polymer. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6808-6815. [PMID: 35815816 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01067d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes a chemical sensing approach for the selective detection of tropane alkaloid drugs based on an extended-gate-type organic field-effect transistor (OFET) functionalized with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). From the viewpoint of pharmaceutical chemistry, the development of versatile chemical sensors to determine the enantiomeric purity of over-the-counter (OTC) tropane drugs is important because of their side effects and different pharmacological activities depending on their chirality. To this end, we newly designed an OFET sensor with an MIP (MIP-OFET) as the recognition element for tropane drugs based on a high complementarity among a template (i.e., (S)-hyoscyamine) and functional monomers such as N-isopropylacrylamide and 2,2-dimethyl-4-pentenoic acid. Indeed, the MIP optimized by density functional theory (DFT) has succeeded in the sensitive and selective detection of (S)-hyoscyamine (as low as 1 μM) by the combination of the OFET with highly selective recognition sites in the MIP. The MIP-OFET was further applied to determine the enantiomeric excess (ee) of commercially available (S)-hyoscyamine, and the linearity changes in the threshold voltages of the OFET corresponded to the % ee values of (S)-hyoscyamine. Overall, the validation with tropane alkaloids revealed the potential of the MIP combined with OFET as a chemical sensor chip for OTC drugs in real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Kohei Ohshiro
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Haonan Fan
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Valentina Montagna
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer, CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Carlo Gonzato
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer, CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Karsten Haupt
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer, CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
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16
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Macchia E, De Caro L, Torricelli F, Franco CD, Mangiatordi GF, Scamarcio G, Torsi L. Why a Diffusing Single-Molecule can be Detected in Few Minutes by a Large Capturing Bioelectronic Interface. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104381. [PMID: 35522000 PMCID: PMC9284160 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule detection at a nanometric interface in a femtomolar solution, can take weeks as the encounter rate between the diffusing molecule to be detected and the transducing nanodevice is negligibly small. On the other hand, several experiments prove that macroscopic label-free sensors based on field-effect-transistors, engaging micrometric or millimetric detecting interfaces are capable to assay a single-molecule in a large volume within few minutes. The present work demonstrates why at least a single molecule out of a few diffusing in a 100 µL volume has a high probability to hit a large capturing and detecting electronic interface. To this end, sensing data, measured with an electrolyte-gated FET whose gate is functionalized with 1012 capturing anti-immunoglobulin G, are here provided along with a Brownian diffusion-based modeling. The EG-FET assays solutions down to some tens of zM in concentrations with volumes ranging from 25 µL to 1 mL in which the functionalized gates are incubated for times ranging from 30 s to 20 min. The high level of accordance between the experimental data and a model based on the Einstein's diffusion-theory proves how the single-molecule detection process at large-capturing interfaces is controlled by Brownian diffusion and yet is highly probable and fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Macchia
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringÅbo Akademi UniversityTurku20500Finland
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science)Bari70125Italy
| | - Liberato De Caro
- Institute of CrystallographyNational Research Councilvia Amendola 122/OBari70126Italy
| | - Fabrizio Torricelli
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science)Bari70125Italy
- Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'InformazioneUniversità degli Studi di Bresciavia Branze 38Brescia25123Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Franco
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science)Bari70125Italy
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro,”Bari70125Italy
- CNRIstituto di Fotonica e NanotecnologieSede di BariBari70125Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science)Bari70125Italy
- CNRIstituto di Fotonica e NanotecnologieSede di BariBari70125Italy
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica “M. Merlin,”Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro,”Bari70125Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science)Bari70125Italy
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro,”Bari70125Italy
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17
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Abstract
Healthcare is undergoing large transformations, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to support the advent of personalized medicine and disease prevention. It is now well accepted that the levels of certain biological molecules found in blood and other bodily fluids, as well as in exhaled breath, are an indication of the onset of many human diseases and reflect the health status of the person. Blood, urine, sweat, or saliva biomarkers can therefore serve in early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, but also in monitoring disease progression, detecting metabolic disfunctions, and predicting response to a given therapy. For most point-of-care sensors, the requirement that patients themselves can use and apply them is crucial not only regarding the diagnostic part, but also at the sample collection level. This has stimulated the development of such diagnostic approaches for the non-invasive analysis of disease-relevant analytes. Considering these timely efforts, this review article focuses on novel, sensitive, and selective sensing systems for the detection of different endogenous target biomarkers in bodily fluids as well as in exhaled breath, which are associated with human diseases.
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18
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Lai YS, Chen YL, Lin CC, Su YH. Ultrafast chiral peptides purification via surface plasmon enhanced spin selectivity. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 211:114339. [PMID: 35588636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
By D-arginine and L-arginine chiral peptides induced spin selectivity and Au NPs enhanced spin polarization, chiral peptides purification has been effectively simplified and the purification performance has raised from a mixture system. The angular momentums of light are operated by the polarizer and wave plates. Au NPs decorated ZnO nanorods electrodes are utilized to modulate the polarization of spintronic. Seed growth methods are for synthesizing spherical Au NPs. UV light reduction methods are for urchin-liked Au NPs. Au NPs are decorated on ZnO nanorods electrodes for rising photon to electron conversion efficiency and enhancing spin polarization rates by surface plasmon effect. From our results, photon to the electron conversion efficiency of ZnO nanorods electrodes has effectively enhanced by urchin-liked Au NPs decorating. Ultrahigh localized plasmon conversion efficiency as high as 60% was also obtained. Besides, density functional theory (DFT) calculations simulated the force on spintronic. Since the D-arginine and L-arginine are on Au substrate, DFT results demonstrate different angular momentum and spin polarization coupling. Along with urchin-liked Au NPs rising chiral induced spin polarization by surface plasmon resonance, the sensitivity of chiral arginine has been raised around 5000% from bare ZnO nanorods electrodes. The purification and separation time of a specific chiral arginine only needs 5 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Lai
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Lin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsun Su
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
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19
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Yu H, Sun X. Chiral fluorescent sensor based on H 8-BINOL for the high enantioselective recognition of d- and l-phenylalanine. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11967-11973. [PMID: 35481074 PMCID: PMC9016822 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00803c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylalanine an essential aromatic amino acid for humans and animals, cannot be synthesized by humans and animals on their own. However, it synthesizes important neurotransmitters and hormones in the body and is involved in gluconeogenesis and lipid metabolism. Moreover, the two opposite configurations of phenylalanine have different activities. For example, l-phenylalanine is a biologically active optical isomer involved in crucial biological processes, the lack of which will lead to intellectual disability, while d-phenylalanine only acts as a chiral intermediate. In this research, an H8-BINOL chiral fluorescent sensor modified with 1,2,3-triazole was synthesized in high yield (95%) by nucleophilic substitution and click reaction. The chiral fluorescent sensor showed high enantioselectivity toward phenylalanine. l-Phenylalanine enhanced the fluorescence response of the probe significantly, while d-phenylalanine had no obvious fluorescence response change. The enantioselective fluorescence enhancement ratio [ef = (I L - I 0)/(I D - I 0), where I 0 is the fluorescence of the sensor without amino acids] for the highest fluorescence intensity at 20.0 equivalents of amino acids was 104.48. In this way, the probe could be used to identify and differentiate different configurations of phenylalanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Huizhen Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Hu Yu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Xiaoxia Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China
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20
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Poimanova EY, Shaposhnik PA, Anisimov DS, Zavyalova EG, Trul AA, Skorotetcky MS, Borshchev OV, Vinnitskiy DZ, Polinskaya MS, Krylov VB, Nifantiev NE, Agina EV, Ponomarenko SA. Biorecognition Layer Based On Biotin-Containing [1]Benzothieno[3,2- b][1]benzothiophene Derivative for Biosensing by Electrolyte-Gated Organic Field-Effect Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16462-16476. [PMID: 35357127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Requirements of speed and simplicity in testing stimulate the development of modern biosensors. Electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors (EGOFETs) are a promising platform for ultrasensitive, fast, and reliable detection of biological molecules for low-cost, point-of-care bioelectronic sensing. Biosensitivity of the EGOFET devices can be achieved by modification with receptors of one of the electronic active interfaces of the transistor gate or organic semiconductor surface. Functionalization of the latter gives the advantage in the creation of a planar architecture and compact devices for lab-on-chip design. Herein, we propose a universal, fast, and simple technique based on doctor blading and Langmuir-Schaefer methods for functionalization of the semiconducting surface of C8-BTBT-C8, allowing the fabrication of a large-scale biorecognition layer based on the novel functional derivative of BTBT-containing biotin fragments as a foundation for further biomodification. The fabricated devices are very efficient and operate stably in phosphate-buffered saline solution with high reproducibility of electrical properties in the EGOFET regime. The development of biorecognition properties of the proposed biolayer is based on the streptavidin-biotin interactions between the consecutive layers and can be used for a wide variety of receptors. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate the specific response of the BTBT-based biorecognition layer in EGOFETs to influenza A virus (H7N1 strain). The elaborated approach to biorecognition layer formation is appropriate but not limited to aptamer-based receptor molecules and can be further applied for fabricating several biosensors for various analytes on one substrate and paves the way for "electronic tongue" creation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Yu Poimanova
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Polina A Shaposhnik
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil S Anisimov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena G Zavyalova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Askold A Trul
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim S Skorotetcky
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg V Borshchev
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Z Vinnitskiy
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina S Polinskaya
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim B Krylov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Agina
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey A Ponomarenko
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, 117393 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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21
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Xian M, Chiu CW, Carey PH, Fares C, Chen L, Wu R, Ren F, Tsai CT, Shan SS, Liao YT, Esquivel-Upshaw JF, Pearton SJ. Digital biosensor for human cerebrospinal fluid detection with single-use sensing strips. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. B, NANOTECHNOLOGY & MICROELECTRONICS : MATERIALS, PROCESSING, MEASUREMENT, & PHENOMENA : JVST B 2022; 40:023202. [PMID: 36032198 PMCID: PMC8810203 DOI: 10.1116/6.0001576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leakage of human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) caused by trauma or other reasons presents exceptional challenges in clinical analysis and can have severe medical repercussions. Conventional test methods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofixation electrophoresis testing, typically are performed at a few clinical reference laboratories, which may potentially delay proper diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, medical imaging can serve as a secondary diagnosis tool. This work presented here reports the use of a point-of-care electrochemical sensor for detection of beta-2-transferrin (B2T), a unique isomer of transferrin that is present exclusively in human CSF but is absent in other bodily fluids. Limits of detection were examined via serial dilution of human samples with known B2T concentrations down to 7 × 10-12 g B2T/ml while maintaining excellent sensitivity. Nine human samples with varying levels of B2T were compared using up to 100 times dilution to confirm the validity of sensor output across different patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Xian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Chan-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Patrick H. Carey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Chaker Fares
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Liya Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Rena Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Fan Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Cheng-Tse Tsai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Siang-Sin Shan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Te Liao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | | | - Stephen J. Pearton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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22
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Wasilewski T, Brito NF, Szulczyński B, Wojciechowski M, Buda N, Melo ACA, Kamysz W, Gębicki J. Olfactory Receptor-based Biosensors as Potential Future Tools in Medical Diagnosis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Pelosi P, Knoll W. Odorant-binding proteins of mammals. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:20-44. [PMID: 34480392 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) of vertebrates belong to the lipocalin superfamily and perform a dual function: solubilizing and ferrying volatile pheromones to the olfactory receptors, and complexing the same molecules in specialized glands and assisting their release into the environment. Within vertebrates, to date they have been reported only in mammals, apart from two studies on amphibians. Based on the small number of OBPs expressed in each species, on their sites of production outside the olfactory area and their presence in biological fluids known to be pheromone carriers, such as urine, saliva and sexual secretions, we conclude that OBPs of mammals are specifically dedicated to pheromonal communication. This assumption is further supported by the observation that some OBPs present in biological secretions are endowed with their own pheromonal activity, adding renewed interest to these proteins. Another novel piece of evidence is the recent discovery that glycosylation and phosphorylation can modulate the binding activity of these proteins, improving their affinity to pheromones and narrowing their specificity. A comparison with insects and other arthropods shows a completely different scenario. While mammalian OBPs are specifically tuned to pheromones, those of insects, which are completely different in sequence and structure, include carriers for general odorants in addition to those dedicated to pheromones. Additionally, whereas mammals adopted a single family of carrier proteins for chemical communication, insects and other arthropods are endowed with several families of semiochemical-binding proteins. Here, we review the literature on the structural and functional properties of vertebrate OBPs, summarize the most interesting new findings and suggest possible exciting future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pelosi
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Biosensor Technologies, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Biosensor Technologies, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
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24
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Macchia E, Torricelli F, Bollella P, Sarcina L, Tricase A, Di Franco C, Österbacka R, Kovács-Vajna ZM, Scamarcio G, Torsi L. Large-Area Interfaces for Single-Molecule Label-free Bioelectronic Detection. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4636-4699. [PMID: 35077645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronic transducing surfaces that are nanometric in size have been the main route to detect single molecules. Though enabling the study of rarer events, such methodologies are not suited to assay at concentrations below the nanomolar level. Bioelectronic field-effect-transistors with a wide (μm2-mm2) transducing interface are also assumed to be not suited, because the molecule to be detected is orders of magnitude smaller than the transducing surface. Indeed, it is like seeing changes on the surface of a one-kilometer-wide pond when a droplet of water falls on it. However, it is a fact that a number of large-area transistors have been shown to detect at a limit of detection lower than femtomolar; they are also fast and hence innately suitable for point-of-care applications. This review critically discusses key elements, such as sensing materials, FET-structures, and target molecules that can be selectively assayed. The amplification effects enabling extremely sensitive large-area bioelectronic sensing are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Macchia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Torricelli
- Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.,Centre for Colloid and Surface Science - Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Tricase
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Franco
- CNR, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Sede di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ronald Österbacka
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Zsolt M Kovács-Vajna
- Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- CNR, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Sede di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.,Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica "M. Merlin", Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.,Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.,Centre for Colloid and Surface Science - Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
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25
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Shao W, Shurin GV, He X, Zeng Z, Shurin MR, Star A. Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Detection with a Carbon Nanotube-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensing Platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1684-1691. [PMID: 34932323 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage may lead to life-threatening complications if not detected promptly. However, gel electrophoresis, the gold-standard test for confirming CSF leakage by detecting beta2-transferrin (β2-Tf), requires 3-6 h and is labor-intensive. We developed a new β2-Tf detection platform for rapid identification of CSF leakage. The three-step design, which includes two steps of affinity chromatography and a rapid sensing step using a semiconductor-enriched single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (FET) sensor, circumvented the lack of selectivity that antitransferrin antibody exhibits for transferrin isoforms and markedly shortened the detection time. Furthermore, three different sensing configurations for the FET sensor were investigated for obtaining the optimal β2-Tf sensing results. Finally, body fluid (CSF and serum) tests employing our three-step strategy demonstrated high sensitivity, suggesting its potential to be used as a rapid diagnostic tool for CSF leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Galina V Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zidao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Michael R Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Alexander Star
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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26
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Kim D, Jin B, Kim SA, Choi W, Shin S, Park J, Shim WB, Kim K, Lee JS. An Ultrasensitive Silicon-Based Electrolyte-Gated Transistor for the Detection of Peanut Allergens. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12010024. [PMID: 35049652 PMCID: PMC8773534 DOI: 10.3390/bios12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The highly sensitive detection of peanut allergens (PAs) using silicon-based electrolyte-gated transistors (Si-EGTs) was demonstrated. The Si-EGT was made using a top-down technique. The fabricated Si-EGT showed excellent intrinsic electrical characteristics, including a low threshold voltage of 0.7 V, low subthreshold swing of <70 mV/dec, and low gate leakage of <10 pA. Surface functionalization and immobilization of antibodies were performed for the selective detection of PAs. The voltage-related sensitivity (SV) showed a constant behavior from the subthreshold regime to the linear regime. The current-related sensitivity (SI) was high in the subthreshold regime and then significantly decreased as the drain current increased. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be as low as 25 pg/mL based on SI characteristics, which is the lowest value reported to date in the literature for various sensor methodologies. The Si-EGT showed selective detection of PA through a non-specific control test. These results confirm that Si-EGT is a high-sensitivity and low-power biosensor for PA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghoon Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (D.K.); (B.J.); (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (D.K.); (B.J.); (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.P.)
- Research and Development Department, Innovative General Electronic Sensor Technology Co., Itd. (IGEST), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sol-A Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Wonyeong Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (D.K.); (B.J.); (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Seonghwan Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (D.K.); (B.J.); (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (D.K.); (B.J.); (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Won-Bo Shim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Division of Electronics Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Future Semiconductor Convergence Technology Research Center and ICT Convergence Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (D.K.); (B.J.); (W.C.); (S.S.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (J.-S.L.)
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27
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Pitsalidis C, Pappa AM, Boys AJ, Fu Y, Moysidou CM, van Niekerk D, Saez J, Savva A, Iandolo D, Owens RM. Organic Bioelectronics for In Vitro Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4700-4790. [PMID: 34910876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics have made strides in improving clinical diagnostics and precision medicine. The potential of bioelectronics for bidirectional interfacing with biology through continuous, label-free monitoring on one side and precise control of biological activity on the other has extended their application scope to in vitro systems. The advent of microfluidics and the considerable advances in reliability and complexity of in vitro models promise to eventually significantly reduce or replace animal studies, currently the gold standard in drug discovery and toxicology testing. Bioelectronics are anticipated to play a major role in this transition offering a much needed technology to push forward the drug discovery paradigm. Organic electronic materials, notably conjugated polymers, having demonstrated technological maturity in fields such as solar cells and light emitting diodes given their outstanding characteristics and versatility in processing, are the obvious route forward for bioelectronics due to their biomimetic nature, among other merits. This review highlights the advances in conjugated polymers for interfacing with biological tissue in vitro, aiming ultimately to develop next generation in vitro systems. We showcase in vitro interfacing across multiple length scales, involving biological models of varying complexity, from cell components to complex 3D cell cultures. The state of the art, the possibilities, and the challenges of conjugated polymers toward clinical translation of in vitro systems are also discussed throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE
| | - Alexander J Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Douglas van Niekerk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Donata Iandolo
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
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28
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Sharma A, Kumar R, Varadwaj PK. OBPred: feature-fusion-based deep neural network classifier for odorant-binding protein prediction. Neural Comput Appl 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-021-06347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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29
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Torricelli F, Adrahtas DZ, Bao Z, Berggren M, Biscarini F, Bonfiglio A, Bortolotti CA, Frisbie CD, Macchia E, Malliaras GG, McCulloch I, Moser M, Nguyen TQ, Owens RM, Salleo A, Spanu A, Torsi L. Electrolyte-gated transistors for enhanced performance bioelectronics. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2021; 1:66. [PMID: 35475166 PMCID: PMC9037952 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), capable of transducing biological and biochemical inputs into amplified electronic signals and stably operating in aqueous environments, have emerged as fundamental building blocks in bioelectronics. In this Primer, the different EGT architectures are described with the fundamental mechanisms underpinning their functional operation, providing insight into key experiments including necessary data analysis and validation. Several organic and inorganic materials used in the EGT structures and the different fabrication approaches for an optimal experimental design are presented and compared. The functional bio-layers and/or biosystems integrated into or interfaced to EGTs, including self-organization and self-assembly strategies, are reviewed. Relevant and promising applications are discussed, including two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell monitoring, ultra-sensitive biosensors, electrophysiology, synaptic and neuromorphic bio-interfaces, prosthetics and robotics. Advantages, limitations and possible optimizations are also surveyed. Finally, current issues and future directions for further developments and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Torricelli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Demetra Z. Adrahtas
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Fabio Biscarini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bonfiglio
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Bortolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maximilian Moser
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Spanu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
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30
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31
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Singh A, Sharma A, Ahmed A, Sundramoorthy AK, Furukawa H, Arya S, Khosla A. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors: Applications, Challenges, and Future Scope. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:336. [PMID: 34562926 PMCID: PMC8472208 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical biosensors are a class of biosensors which convert biological information such as analyte concentration that is a biological recognition element (biochemical receptor) into current or voltage. Electrochemical biosensors depict propitious diagnostic technology which can detect biomarkers in body fluids such as sweat, blood, feces, or urine. Combinations of suitable immobilization techniques with effective transducers give rise to an efficient biosensor. They have been employed in the food industry, medical sciences, defense, studying plant biology, etc. While sensing complex structures and entities, a large data is obtained, and it becomes difficult to manually interpret all the data. Machine learning helps in interpreting large sensing data. In the case of biosensors, the presence of impurity affects the performance of the sensor and machine learning helps in removing signals obtained from the contaminants to obtain a high sensitivity. In this review, we discuss different types of biosensors along with their applications and the benefits of machine learning. This is followed by a discussion on the challenges, missing gaps in the knowledge, and solutions in the field of electrochemical biosensors. This review aims to serve as a valuable resource for scientists and engineers entering the interdisciplinary field of electrochemical biosensors. Furthermore, this review provides insight into the type of electrochemical biosensors, their applications, the importance of machine learning (ML) in biosensing, and challenges and future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Singh
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Asha Sharma
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Aamir Ahmed
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Ashok K. Sundramoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India;
| | - Hidemitsu Furukawa
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan;
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India; (A.S.); (A.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Ajit Khosla
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan;
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32
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Molazemhosseini A, Viola FA, Berger FJ, Zorn NF, Zaumseil J, Caironi M. A Rapidly Stabilizing Water-Gated Field-Effect Transistor Based on Printed Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Biosensing Applications. ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2021; 3:3106-3113. [PMID: 34485915 PMCID: PMC8411763 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.1c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors are expected to revolutionize disease management through provision of low-cost diagnostic platforms for molecular and pathogenic detection with high sensitivity and short response time. In this context, there has been an ever-increasing interest in using electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors (EG-FETs) for biosensing applications owing to their expanding potential of being employed for label-free detection of a broad range of biomarkers with high selectivity and sensitivity while operating at sub-volt working potentials. Although organic semiconductors have been widely utilized as the channel in EG-FETs, primarily due to their compatibility with cost-effective low-temperature solution-processing fabrication techniques, alternative carbon-based platforms have the potential to provide similar advantages with improved electronic performances. Here, we propose the use of inkjet-printed polymer-wrapped monochiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) for the channel of EG-FETs in an aqueous environment. In particular, we show that our EG-CNTFETs require only an hour of stabilization before producing a highly stable response suitable for biosensing, with a drastic time reduction with respect to the most exploited organic semiconductor for biosensors. As a proof-of-principle, we successfully employed our water-gated device to detect the well-known biotin-streptavidin binding event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Molazemhosseini
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Antonio Viola
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Felix J. Berger
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials, Universitaẗ Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas F. Zorn
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials, Universitaẗ Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Zaumseil
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials, Universitaẗ Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mario Caironi
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
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33
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Li L, Ma X, Xiao Y, Wang Y. Construction and Application of Graphene Oxide-Bovine Serum Albumin Modified Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor Chiral Sensor. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113921. [PMID: 34200213 PMCID: PMC8201299 DOI: 10.3390/s21113921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is an essential natural attribute of organisms. Chiral molecules exhibit differences in biochemical processes, pharmacodynamics, and toxicological properties, and their enantioselective recognition plays an important role in explaining life science processes and guiding drug design. Herein, we developed an ultra-sensitive enantiomer recognition platform based on an extended-gate metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect-transistor (Nafion–GO@BSA–EG-MOSFET) that achieved effective chiral resolution of ultra-sensitive Lysine (Lys) and α-Methylbenzylamine (α-Met) enantiodiscrimination at the femtomole level. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was immobilized on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) through amide bond coupling to prepare the GO@BSA complex. GO@BSA was drop-cast on deposited Au surfaces with a Nafion solution to afford the extended-gate sensing unit. Effective recognition of chiral enantiomers of mandelic acid (MA), tartaric acid (TA), tryptophan (Trp), Lys and α-Met was realized. Moreover, the introduction of GO reduced non-specific adsorption, and the chiral resolution concentration of α-Met reached the level of picomole in a 5-fold diluted fetal bovine serum (FBS). Finally, the chiral recognition mechanism of the as-fabricated sensor was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (Y.W.)
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34
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Full J, Baumgarten Y, Delbrück L, Sauer A, Miehe R. Market Perspectives and Future Fields of Application of Odor Detection Biosensors within the Biological Transformation-A Systematic Analysis. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11030093. [PMID: 33806819 PMCID: PMC8004717 DOI: 10.3390/bios11030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The technological advantages that biosensors have over conventional technical sensors for odor detection and the role they play in the biological transformation have not yet been comprehensively analyzed. However, this is necessary for assessing their suitability for specific fields of application as well as their improvement and development goals. An overview of biological basics of olfactory systems is given and different odor sensor technologies are described and classified in this paper. Specific market potentials of biosensors for odor detection are identified by applying a tailored methodology that enables the derivation and systematic comparison of both the performance profiles of biosensors as well as the requirement profiles for various application fields. Therefore, the fulfillment of defined requirements is evaluated for biosensors by means of 16 selected technical criteria in order to determine a specific performance profile. Further, a selection of application fields, namely healthcare, food industry, agriculture, cosmetics, safety applications, environmental monitoring for odor detection sensors is derived to compare the importance of the criteria for each of the fields, leading to market-specific requirement profiles. The analysis reveals that the requirement criteria considered to be the most important ones across all application fields are high specificity, high selectivity, high repeat accuracy, high resolution, high accuracy, and high sensitivity. All these criteria, except for the repeat accuracy, can potentially be better met by biosensors than by technical sensors, according to the results obtained. Therefore, biosensor technology in general has a high application potential for all the areas of application under consideration. Health and safety applications especially are considered to have high potential for biosensors due to their correspondence between requirement and performance profiles. Special attention is paid to new areas of application that require multi-sensing capability. Application scenarios for multi-sensing biosensors are therefore derived. Moreover, the role of biosensors within the biological transformation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Full
- Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (Y.B.); (L.D.); (A.S.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-711-970-1434
| | - Yannick Baumgarten
- Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (Y.B.); (L.D.); (A.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Lukas Delbrück
- Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (Y.B.); (L.D.); (A.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Alexander Sauer
- Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (Y.B.); (L.D.); (A.S.); (R.M.)
- Institute for Energy Efficiency in Production (EEP), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Robert Miehe
- Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (Y.B.); (L.D.); (A.S.); (R.M.)
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35
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Gall JL, Vasilijević S, Battaglini N, Mattana G, Noël V, Brayner R, Piro B. Algae-functionalized hydrogel-gated organic field-effect transistor. Application to the detection of herbicides. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Gonçalves F, Ribeiro A, Silva C, Cavaco-Paulo A. Biotechnological applications of mammalian odorant-binding proteins. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:441-455. [PMID: 33541154 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1853672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory system of mammals allows the detection and discrimination of thousands of odors from the environment. In mammals, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are considered responsible to carry odorant molecules across the aqueous nasal mucus to the olfactory receptors (ORs). The three-dimensional structure of these proteins presents eight antiparallel β-sheets and a short α-helical segment close to the C terminus, typical of the lipocalins family. The great ability of OBPs to bind differentiated ligand molecules has driven the research to understand the mechanisms underlying the OBP function in nature and the development of advanced biotechnological applications. This review describes the role of mammalian OBPs in the olfactory perception, highlighting the influence of several key parameters (amino acids, temperature, ionic strength, and pH) in the formation of the OBP/ligand complex. The information from the literature regarding OBP structure, affinity, the strength of binding, and stability inspiring the development of several applications herein detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Gonçalves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Ribeiro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carla Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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37
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Responses of the Pheromone-Binding Protein of the Silk Moth Bombyx mori on a Graphene Biosensor Match Binding Constants in Solution. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21020499. [PMID: 33445619 PMCID: PMC7827809 DOI: 10.3390/s21020499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An electronic biosensor for odors was assembled by immobilizing the silk moth Bombyx mori pheromone binding protein (BmorPBP1) on a reduced graphene oxide surface of a field-effect transistor. At physiological pH, the sensor detects the B. mori pheromones, bombykol and bombykal, with good affinity and specificity. Among the other odorants tested, only eugenol elicited a strong signal, while terpenoids and other odorants (linalool, geraniol, isoamyl acetate, and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine) produced only very weak responses. Parallel binding assays were performed with the same protein and the same ligands, using the common fluorescence approach adopted for similar proteins. The results are in good agreement with the sensor’s responses: bombykol and bombykal, together with eugenol, proved to be strong ligands, while the other compounds showed only poor affinity. When tested at pH 4, the protein failed to bind bombykol both in solution and when immobilized on the sensor. This result further indicates that the BmorPBP1 retains its full activity when immobilized on a surface, including the conformational change observed in acidic conditions. The good agreement between fluorescence assays and sensor responses suggests that ligand-binding assays in solution can be used to screen mutants of a binding protein when selecting the best form to be immobilized on a biosensor.
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38
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Zhang L, Lu JR, Waigh TA. Electronics of peptide- and protein-based biomaterials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 287:102319. [PMID: 33248339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biologically inspired peptide- and protein-based materials are at the forefront of organic bioelectronics research due to their inherent conduction properties and excellent biocompatibility. Peptides have the advantages of structural simplicity and ease of synthesis providing credible prospects for mass production, whereas naturally expressed proteins offer inspiration with many examples of high performance evolutionary optimised bioelectronics properties. We review recent advances in the fundamental conduction mechanisms, experimental techniques and exemplar applications for the bioelectronics of self-assembling peptides and proteins. Diverse charge transfer processes, such as tunnelling, hopping and coupled transfer, are found in naturally occurring biological systems with peptides and proteins as the predominant building blocks to enable conduction in biology. Both theory and experiments allow detailed investigation of bioelectronic properties in order to design functionalized peptide- and protein-based biomaterials, e.g. to create biocompatible aqueous electrodes. We also highlight the design of bioelectronics devices based on peptides/proteins including field-effect transistors, piezoelectric energy harvesters and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - J R Lu
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - T A Waigh
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Photon Science Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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39
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Manikkaraja C, Bhavika M, Singh R, Nagarathnam B, George G, Gulyani A, Archunan G, Sowdhamini R. Molecular and functional characterization of buffalo nasal epithelial odorant binding proteins and their structural insights by in silico and biochemical approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4164-4187. [PMID: 33292066 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1854117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The olfactory system is capable of detecting and distinguishing thousands of environmental odorants that play a key role in reproduction, social behaviours including pheromones influenced classical events. Membrane secretary odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are soluble lipocalins, localized in the nasal membrane of mammals. They bind and carry odorants within the nasal epithelium to putative olfactory transmembrane receptors (ORs). OBP has not yet been exploited to develop a suitable technique to detect oestrus which is being reported as a difficult task in buffalo. In the present study, using molecular biology and protein engineering approaches, we have cloned six novel OBP isoforms from buffalo nasal epithelium odorant-binding proteins (bnOBPs). Furthermore, 3 D models were developed and molecular-docking, dynamics experiments were performed by in silico approaches. In particular, we found four residues (Phe104, Phe134, Phe69 and Asn118) in OBP1a, which contributed to favourable interactions towards two sex pheromones, specifically oleic acid and p-cresol. We expressed this protein in Escherichia coli from female buffalo urine and validated through fluorescence quenching studies to show similar strong binding affinities of OBP1a to oleic acid and p-cresol. By using structural data, the binding specificity was also verified by site-directed mutagenesis of the four residues followed by in vitro binding assays. Our results enable us to better understand the functions of different nasal epithelium OBP isoforms in buffaloes. They also lead to improved understanding of the interaction between olfactory proteins and odorants to develop highly selective biosensing devices for non-invasive detection of oestrus in buffaloes. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidhambaram Manikkaraja
- Pheromone Technology Lab, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mam Bhavika
- GKVK Campus, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Randhir Singh
- The Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Balasubramanian Nagarathnam
- GKVK Campus, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Geen George
- The Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Akash Gulyani
- The Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Govindaraju Archunan
- Pheromone Technology Lab, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramanathan Sowdhamini
- GKVK Campus, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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40
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann EN, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020. [PMID: 32672777 DOI: 10.1039/d1030cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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41
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann E, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7978-8035. [PMID: 32672777 PMCID: PMC7674226 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Erik Schaumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matthew Seebald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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42
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Nikolka M, Simatos D, Foudeh A, Pfattner R, McCulloch I, Bao Z. Low-Voltage, Dual-Gate Organic Transistors with High Sensitivity and Stability toward Electrostatic Biosensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40581-40589. [PMID: 32805944 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High levels of performance and stability have been demonstrated for conjugated polymer thin-film transistors in recent years, making them promising materials for flexible electronic circuits and displays. For sensing applications, however, most research efforts have been focusing on electrochemical sensing devices. Here we demonstrate a highly stable biosensing platform using polymer transistors based on the dual-gate mechanism. In this architecture a sensing signal is transduced and amplified by the capacitive coupling between a low-k bottom dielectric and a high-k ionic elastomer top dielectric that is in contact with an analyte solution. The new design exhibits a high signal amplification, high stability under bias stress in various aqueous environments, and low signal drift. Our platform, furthermore, while responding expectedly to charged analytes such as the protein bovine serum albumin, is insensitive to changes of salt concentration of the analyte solution. These features make this platform a potentially suitable tool for a variety of biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Nikolka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios Simatos
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Amir Foudeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Raphael Pfattner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CISC), Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Iain McCulloch
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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43
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Brito NF, Oliveira DS, Santos TC, Moreira MF, Melo ACA. Current and potential biotechnological applications of odorant-binding proteins. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8631-8648. [PMID: 32888038 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are small soluble proteins whose biological function is believed to be facilitating olfaction by assisting the transport of volatile chemicals in both vertebrate and insect sensory organs, where they are secreted. Their capability to interact with a broad range of hydrophobic compounds combined with interesting features such as being small, stable, and easy to produce and modify, makes them suitable targets for applied research in various industrial segments, including textile, cosmetic, pesticide, and pharmaceutical, as well as for military, environmental, health, and security field applications. In addition to reviewing already established biotechnological applications of OBPs, this paper also discusses their potential use in prospecting of new technologies. The development of new products for insect population management is currently the most prevailing use for OBPs, followed by biosensor technology, an area that has recently seen a significant increase in studies evaluating their incorporation into sensing devices. Finally, less typical approaches include applications in anchorage systems and analytical tools. KEY POINTS: • Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) present desired characteristics for applied research. • OBPs are mainly used for developing new products for insect population control. • Incorporation of OBPs into chemosensory devices is a growing area of study. • Less conventional uses for OBPs include anchorage systems and analytical purposes. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália F Brito
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Daniele S Oliveira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Thaisa C Santos
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Monica F Moreira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia A Melo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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44
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Macchia E, Manoli K, Di Franco C, Scamarcio G, Torsi L. New trends in single-molecule bioanalytical detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5005-5014. [PMID: 32185439 PMCID: PMC7338812 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule sensing is becoming a major driver in biomarker assays as it is foreseen to enable precision medicine to enter into everyday clinical practice. However, among the single-molecule detection methods proposed so far, only a few are fully exploitable for the ultrasensitive label-free assay of biofluids. Firstly introduced single-molecule sensing platforms encompass low-background-noise fluorescent microscopy as well as plasmonic and electrical nanotransducers; these are generally able to sense at the nanomolar concentration level or higher. Label-based single-molecule technologies relying on optical transduction and microbeads that can scavenge and detect a few biomarkers in the bulk of real biofluids, reaching ultralow detection limits, have been recently commercialized. These assays, thanks to the extremely high sensitivity and convenient handling, are new trends in the field as they are paving the way to a revolution in early diagnostics. Very recently, another new trend is the label-free, organic bioelectronic electrolyte-gated large transistors that can potentially be produced by means of large-area low-cost technologies and have been proven capable to detect a protein at the physical limit in real bovine serum. This article offers a bird's-eye view on some of the more significant single-molecule bioanalytical technologies and highlights their sensing principles and figures-of-merit such as limit of detection, need for a labelling step, and possibility to operate, also as an array, directly in real biofluids. We also discuss the new trend towards single-molecule proof-of-principle extremely sensitive technologies that can detect a protein at the zeptomolar concentration level involving label-free devices that potentially offer low-cost production and easy scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Macchia
- Center for Functional materials, The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Kyriaki Manoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Cincia Di Franco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
- CNR - Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Sede di Bari, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- CNR - Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Sede di Bari, 70125, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, "M. Merlin" - Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Center for Functional materials, The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Finland.
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy.
- Centre for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), 70125, Bari, Italy.
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45
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Abstract
There is an increasing interest for low cost, ultrasensitive, time saving yet reliable, point-of-care bioelectronic sensors. Electrolyte gated organic field effect transistors (EGOFETs) are proven compelling transducers for various sensing applications, offering direct electronic, label-free transduction of bio-recognition events along with miniaturization, fast data handling and processing. Given that field effect transistors act as intrinsically signal amplifiers, even a small change of a chemical or biological quantity may significantly alter the output electronic signal. In EGOFETs selectivity can be guaranteed by the immobilization of bioreceptors able to bind specifically a target analyte. The layer of receptors can be linked to one of the electronic active interfaces of the transistor, and the interactions with a target molecule affect the electronic properties of the device. The present chapter discusses main aspects of EGOFETs transducers along with detailed examples of how to tailor the device interfaces with desired functionality. The development of an "electronic tongue" based on an EGOFET device coupled to odorant binding proteins (OBPs) for enantiomers differentiation is presented.
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46
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Blasi D, Sarcina L, Tricase A, Stefanachi A, Leonetti F, Alberga D, Mangiatordi GF, Manoli K, Scamarcio G, Picca RA, Torsi L. Enhancing the Sensitivity of Biotinylated Surfaces by Tailoring the Design of the Mixed Self-Assembled Monolayer Synthesis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:16762-16771. [PMID: 32685844 PMCID: PMC7364725 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Thiolated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are typically used to anchor on a gold surface biomolecules serving as recognition elements for biosensor applications. Here, the design and synthesis of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-mercaptopropanamide (NMPA) in biotinylated mixed SAMs is proposed as an alternative strategy with respect to on-site multistep functionalization of SAMs prepared from solutions of commercially available thiols. In this study, the mixed SAM deposited from a 10:1 solution of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MPA) and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11MUA) is compared to that resulting from a 10:1 solution of NMPA:11MUA. To this end, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) experiments have been carried out on both mixed SAMs after biotinylation. The study demonstrated how the fine tuning of the SAM features impacts directly on both the biofunctionalization steps, i.e., the biotin anchoring, and the biorecognition properties evaluated upon exposure to streptavidin analyte. Higher affinity for the target analyte with reduced nonspecific binding and lower detection limit has been demonstrated when NMPA is chosen as the more abundant starting thiol. Molecular dynamics simulations complemented the experimental findings providing a molecular rationale behind the performance of the biotinylated mixed SAMs. The present study confirms the importance of the functionalization design for the development of a highly performing biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Blasi
- CSGI,
Unità di Bari, Unità
di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Tricase
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Stefanachi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia − Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Leonetti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia − Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Kyriaki Manoli
- CSGI,
Unità di Bari, Unità
di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- Dipartimento
di Fisica “M. Merlin”, Università
degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
- IFN
CNR, Sede secondaria di Bari, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosaria Anna Picca
- CSGI,
Unità di Bari, Unità
di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- CSGI,
Unità di Bari, Unità
di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Physics
and Center for Functional Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, 20500 Åbo, Finland
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Aspermair P, Ramach U, Reiner-Rozman C, Fossati S, Lechner B, Moya SE, Azzaroni O, Dostalek J, Szunerits S, Knoll W, Bintinger J. Dual Monitoring of Surface Reactions in Real Time by Combined Surface-Plasmon Resonance and Field-Effect Transistor Interrogation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11709-11716. [PMID: 32407629 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
By combining surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and electrolyte gated field-effect transistor (EG-FET) methods in a single analytical device we introduce a novel tool for surface investigations, enabling simultaneous measurements of the surface mass and charge density changes in real time. This is realized using a gold sensor surface that simultaneously serves as a gate electrode of the EG-FET and as the SPR active interface. This novel platform has the potential to provide new insights into (bio)adsorption processes on planar solid surfaces by directly relating complementary measurement principles based on (i) detuning of SPR as a result of the modification of the interfacial refractive index profile by surface adsorption processes and (ii) change of output current as a result of the emanating effective gate voltage modulations. Furthermore, combination of the two complementary sensing concepts allows for the comparison and respective validation of both analytical techniques. A theoretical model is derived describing the mass uptake and evolution of surface charge density during polyelectrolyte multilayer formation. We demonstrate the potential of this combined platform through the observation of layer-by-layer assembly of PDADMAC and PSS. These simultaneous label-free and real-time measurements allow new insights into complex processes at the solid-liquid interface (like non-Fickian ion diffusion), which are beyond the scope of each individual tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Aspermair
- Biosensor Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.,CEST Competence Center for Electrochemical Surface Technologies, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.,CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Universite Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, Universite de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Ulrich Ramach
- CEST Competence Center for Electrochemical Surface Technologies, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Ciril Reiner-Rozman
- Biosensor Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Stefan Fossati
- Biosensor Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Bernadette Lechner
- Biosensor Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Sergio E Moya
- CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182 C, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, Suc. 4, CC 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jakub Dostalek
- Biosensor Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Universite Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, Universite de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- Biosensor Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.,CEST Competence Center for Electrochemical Surface Technologies, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Johannes Bintinger
- Biosensor Technologies, Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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48
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Parkula V, Berto M, Diacci C, Patrahau B, Di Lauro M, Kovtun A, Liscio A, Sensi M, Samorì P, Greco P, Bortolotti CA, Biscarini F. Harnessing Selectivity and Sensitivity in Electronic Biosensing: A Novel Lab-on-Chip Multigate Organic Transistor. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9330-9337. [PMID: 32483968 PMCID: PMC8007075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyte gated organic transistors can operate as powerful ultrasensitive biosensors, and efforts are currently devoted to devising strategies for reducing the contribution of hardly avoidable, nonspecific interactions to their response, to ultimately harness selectivity in the detection process. We report a novel lab-on-a-chip device integrating a multigate electrolyte gated organic field-effect transistor (EGOFET) with a 6.5 μL microfluidics set up capable to provide an assessment of both the response reproducibility, by enabling measurement in triplicate, and of the device selectivity through the presence of an internal reference electrode. As proof-of-concept, we demonstrate the efficient operation of our pentacene based EGOFET sensing platform through the quantification of tumor necrosis factor alpha with a detection limit as low as 3 pM. Sensing of inflammatory cytokines, which also include TNFα, is of the outmost importance for monitoring a large number of diseases. The multiplexable organic electronic lab-on-chip provides a statistically solid, reliable, and selective response on microliters sample volumes on the minutes time scale, thus matching the relevant key-performance indicators required in point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy Parkula
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Scriba
Nanotecnologie S.r.l., Via di Corticella 1838, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Berto
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Diacci
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Bianca Patrahau
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- University
of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 70068, Alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michele Di Lauro
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Kovtun
- Istituto
per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, CNR, Via Piero Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Liscio
- Istituto
per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, CNR, Via del Fosso del
Cavaliere, 100, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Matteo Sensi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University
of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 70068, Alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierpaolo Greco
- Scriba
Nanotecnologie S.r.l., Via di Corticella 1838, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Bortolotti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Biscarini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università
degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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49
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Sarcina L, Torsi L, Picca RA, Manoli K, Macchia E. Assessment of Gold Bio-Functionalization for Wide-Interface Biosensing Platforms. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3678. [PMID: 32630091 PMCID: PMC7374319 DOI: 10.3390/s20133678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The continuous improvement of the technical potential of bioelectronic devices for biosensing applications will provide clinicians with a reliable tool for biomarker quantification down to the single molecule. Eventually, physicians will be able to identify the very moment at which the illness state begins, with a terrific impact on the quality of life along with a reduction of health care expenses. However, in clinical practice, to gather enough information to formulate a diagnosis, multiple biomarkers are normally quantified from the same biological sample simultaneously. Therefore, it is critically important to translate lab-based bioelectronic devices based on electrolyte gated thin-film transistor technology into a cost-effective portable multiplexing array prototype. In this perspective, the assessment of cost-effective manufacturability represents a crucial step, with specific regard to the optimization of the bio-functionalization protocol of the transistor gate module. Hence, we have assessed, using surface plasmon resonance technique, a sustainable and reliable cost-effective process to successfully bio-functionalize a gold surface, suitable as gate electrode for wide-field bioelectronic sensors. The bio-functionalization process herein investigated allows to reduce the biorecognition element concentration to one-tenth, drastically impacting the manufacturing costs while retaining high analytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Department of Chemistry, 70125 Bari, Italy
- The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland;
| | - Rosaria Anna Picca
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Department of Chemistry, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Kyriaki Manoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Department of Chemistry, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland;
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50
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Zaremska V, Tan J, Lim S, Knoll W, Pelosi P. Isoleucine Residues Determine Chiral Discrimination of Odorant‐Binding Protein. Chemistry 2020; 26:8720-8724. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeriia Zaremska
- Biosensor TechnologiesAustrian Institute of Technology GmbH Konrad-Lorenz Straße, 24 3430 Tulln Austria
| | - Jiajun Tan
- Biosensor TechnologiesAustrian Institute of Technology GmbH Konrad-Lorenz Straße, 24 3430 Tulln Austria
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Sierin Lim
- Biosensor TechnologiesAustrian Institute of Technology GmbH Konrad-Lorenz Straße, 24 3430 Tulln Austria
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- Biosensor TechnologiesAustrian Institute of Technology GmbH Konrad-Lorenz Straße, 24 3430 Tulln Austria
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Biosensor TechnologiesAustrian Institute of Technology GmbH Konrad-Lorenz Straße, 24 3430 Tulln Austria
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