1
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Zheng JB, Chai DK, Wang ZB, Chen GJ, Hu YD, Chen L, Fan HJ, Zhang YL, Dong CH, Zou CL, Guo GC, Ye MY, Lin GW, Lin XM. Magnetic-free polarization rotation in an atomic vapor cell. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:313-324. [PMID: 38175058 DOI: 10.1364/oe.510933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic-free nonreciprocal optical devices have attracted great attention in recent years. Here, we investigated the magnetic-free polarization rotation of light in an atom vapor cell. Two mechanisms of magnetic-free nonreciprocity have been realized in ensembles of hot atoms, including electromagnetically induced transparency and optically-induced magnetization. For a linearly polarized input probe light, a rotation angle up to 86.4° has been realized with external control and pump laser powers of 10 mW and is mainly attributed to the optically-induced magnetization effect. Our demonstration offers a new approach to realize nonreciprocal devices, which can be applied to solid-state atom ensembles and may be useful in photonic integrated circuits.
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2
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Wang W, Chen YL, Shen ZZ, Yang K, Sheng MW, Hao YZ, Yang YD, Xiao JL, Huang YZ. Unidirectional light emission in a deformed circular-side triangular microresonator. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:14560-14569. [PMID: 37157317 DOI: 10.1364/oe.485160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A waveguide-connected deformed circular-side triangular microresonator is proposed and fabricated. Room temperature unidirectional light emission is experimentally demonstrated in the far-field pattern with a divergence angle of 38°. Single mode lasing at 1545.4 nm is realized at an injection current of 12 mA. The emission pattern changes drastically upon the binding of a nanoparticle with radius down to several nanometers, predicting applications in electrically pumped, cost-effective, portable and highly sensitive far-field detection of nanoparticles.
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3
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Shah M, Briggs I, Chen PK, Hou S, Fan L. Visible-telecom tunable dual-band optical isolator based on dynamic modulation in thin-film lithium niobate. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:1978-1981. [PMID: 37058621 DOI: 10.1364/ol.482635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Optical isolators are an essential component of photonic systems. Current integrated optical isolators have limited bandwidths due to stringent phase-matching conditions, resonant structures, or material absorption. Here, we demonstrate a wideband integrated optical isolator in thin-film lithium niobate photonics. We use dynamic standing-wave modulation in a tandem configuration to break Lorentz reciprocity and achieve isolation. We measure an isolation ratio of 15 dB and insertion loss below 0.5 dB for a continuous wave laser input at 1550 nm. In addition, we experimentally show that this isolator can simultaneously operate at visible and telecom wavelengths with comparable performance. Isolation bandwidths up to ∼100 nm can be achieved simultaneously at both visible and telecom wavelengths, limited only by the modulation bandwidth. Our device's dual-band isolation, high flexibility, and real-time tunability can enable novel non-reciprocal functionality on integrated photonic platforms.
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4
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Li G, Wang L, Ye R, Zheng Y, Wang DW, Liu XJ, Dutt A, Yuan L, Chen X. Direct extraction of topological Zak phase with the synthetic dimension. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:81. [PMID: 36977678 PMCID: PMC10050404 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Measuring topological invariants is an essential task in characterizing topological phases of matter. They are usually obtained from the number of edge states due to the bulk-edge correspondence or from interference since they are integrals of the geometric phases in the energy band. It is commonly believed that the bulk band structures could not be directly used to obtain the topological invariants. Here, we implement the experimental extraction of Zak phase from the bulk band structures of a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model in the synthetic frequency dimension. Such synthetic SSH lattices are constructed in the frequency axis of light, by controlling the coupling strengths between the symmetric and antisymmetric supermodes of two bichromatically driven rings. We measure the transmission spectra and obtain the projection of the time-resolved band structure on lattice sites, where a strong contrast between the non-trivial and trivial topological phases is observed. The topological Zak phase is naturally encoded in the bulk band structures of the synthetic SSH lattices, which can hence be experimentally extracted from the transmission spectra in a fiber-based modulated ring platform using a laser with telecom wavelength. Our method of extracting topological phases from the bulk band structure can be further extended to characterize topological invariants in higher dimensions, while the exhibited trivial and non-trivial transmission spectra from the topological transition may find future applications in optical communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Luojia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, 201315, China
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiong-Jun Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China
| | - Avik Dutt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Luqi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, 201315, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulation and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China.
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5
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Wang CW, Niu W, Zhang Y, Cheng J, Zhang WZ. Optomechanical noise suppression with the optimal squeezing process. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:11561-11577. [PMID: 37155789 DOI: 10.1364/oe.477710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantum squeezing-assisted noise suppression is a promising field with wide applications. However, the limit of noise suppression induced by squeezing is still unknown. This paper discusses this issue by studying weak signal detection in an optomechanical system. By solving the system dynamics in the frequency domain, we analyze the output spectrum of the optical signal. The results show that the intensity of the noise depends on many factors, including the degree or direction of squeezing and the choice of the detection scheme. To measure the effectiveness of squeezing and to obtain the optimal squeezing value for a given set of parameters, we define an optimization factor. With the help of this definition, we find the optimal noise suppression scheme, which can only be achieved when the detection direction exactly matches the squeezing direction. The latter is not easy to adjust as it is susceptible to changes in dynamic evolution and sensitive to parameters. In addition, we find that the additional noise reaches a minimum when the cavity (mechanical) dissipation κ(γ) satisfies the relation κ = Nγ, which can be understood as the restrictive relationship between the two dissipation channels induced by the uncertainty relation. Furthermore, by taking into account the noise source of our system, we can realize high-level noise suppression without reducing the input signal, which means that the signal-to-noise ratio can be further improved.
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6
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Shen Z, Zhang YL, Chen Y, Xiao YF, Zou CL, Guo GC, Dong CH. Nonreciprocal Frequency Conversion and Mode Routing in a Microresonator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:013601. [PMID: 36669210 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.013601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The transportation of photons and phonons typically obeys the principle of reciprocity. Breaking reciprocity of these bosonic excitations will enable the corresponding nonreciprocal devices, such as isolators and circulators. Here, we use two optical modes and two mechanical modes in a microresonator to form a four-mode plaquette via radiation pressure force. The phase-controlled nonreciprocal routing between any two modes with completely different frequencies is demonstrated, including the routing of phonon to phonon (megahertz to megahertz), photon to phonon (terahertz to megahertz), and especially photon to photon with frequency difference of around 80 THz for the first time. In addition, one more mechanical mode is introduced to this plaquette to realize a phononic circulator in such single microresonator. The nonreciprocity is derived from interference between multimode transfer processes involving optomechanical interactions in an optomechanical resonator. It not only demonstrates the nonreciprocal routing of photons and phonons in a single resonator but also realizes the nonreciprocal frequency conversion for photons and circulation for phonons, laying a foundation for studying directional routing and thermal management in an optomechanical hybrid network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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7
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Xu GT, Zhang M, Wang ZY, Wang Y, Liu YX, Shen Z, Guo GC, Dong CH. Ringing spectroscopy in the magnomechanical system. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:45-49. [PMID: 38933572 PMCID: PMC11197529 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ringing phenomenon has been studied in optical whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators and can be used to sense the ultrafast process in spectroscopy. Here we observe the ringing phenomenon in a magnomechanical system for the first time, which is induced by the interference between the microwave photons converted from the damped phonons and the probing microwave photons. This interference eventually appears as a transparency window even along with the ringing phenomenon in the measured microwave reflection spectrum, which is influenced by the scanning speed and the input power. Then, the ringing spectroscopy is used to measure the coupling strength between the magnon and phonon modes, and outline the displacement profile of S 1 , 2 , 2 mechanical mode in a YIG microsphere, demonstrating the theoretical analysis. In addition, the ring-up spectroscopy is developed in our magnomechanical system, laying the foundation for fast sensing based on mechanical motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yu-Xi Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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8
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Shen Z, Xu GT, Zhang M, Zhang YL, Wang Y, Chai CZ, Zou CL, Guo GC, Dong CH. Coherent Coupling between Phonons, Magnons, and Photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:243601. [PMID: 36563280 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.243601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical degrees of freedom, which have often been overlooked in various quantum systems, have been studied for applications ranging from quantum information processing to sensing. Here, we develop a hybrid platform consisting of a magnomechanical cavity and an optomechanical cavity, which are coherently coupled by the straightway physical contact. The phonons in the system can be manipulated either with the magnetostrictive interaction or optically through the radiation pressure. Together with mechanical state preparation and sensitive readout, we demonstrate the microwave-to-optical conversion with an ultrawide tuning range up to 3 GHz. In addition, we observe a mechanical motion interference effect, in which the optically driven mechanical motion is canceled by the microwave-driven coherent motion. Manipulating mechanical oscillators with equal facility through both magnonic and photonic channels enables new architectures for signal transduction between the optical, microwave, mechanical, and magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Ting Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Mai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Zhe Chai
- Yongjiang Laboratory (Y-LAB), Ningbo, Zhejiang 315202 People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
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9
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Jin J, Hu N, Zhan L, Wang X, Zhang Z, Hu H. Design of GHz Mechanical Nanoresonator with High Q-Factor Based on Optomechanical System. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1862. [PMID: 36363884 PMCID: PMC9695023 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) have dominated the interests of the industry due to its microminiaturization and high frequency for the past few decades. With the rapid development of various radio frequency (RF) systems, such as 5G mobile telecommunications, satellite, and other wireless communication, this research has focused on a high frequency resonator with high quality. However, the resonator based on an inverse piezoelectric effect has met with a bottleneck in high frequency because of the low quality factor. Here, we propose a resonator based on optomechanical interaction (i.e., acoustic-optic coupling). A picosecond laser can excite resonance by radiation pressure. The design idea and the optimization of the resonator are given. Finally, with comprehensive consideration of mechanical losses at room temperature, the resonator can reach a high Q-factor of 1.17 × 104 when operating at 5.69 GHz. This work provides a new concept in the design of NEMS mechanical resonators with a large frequency and high Q-factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jin
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ningdong Hu
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lamin Zhan
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zenglei Zhang
- Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongping Hu
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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10
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Ren L, Yuan S, Zhu S, Shi L, Zhang X. Tunable kilohertz microwave photonic bandpass filter based on backscattering in a microresonator. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:4572-4575. [PMID: 36048707 DOI: 10.1364/ol.468442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A tunable microwave photonic bandpass filter (MPBPF) with a kilohertz bandwidth based on the backscattering mode of a silica microsphere resonator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this work, an ultrahigh-quality-factor microsphere resonator is used to generate a radio frequency bandpass response with a bandwidth of 600 kHz. Meanwhile, scattering-induced coupling between the clockwise mode and the counterclockwise mode is introduced to reduce the number of resonance modes, and a single backscattering mode which has a high extinction ratio is obtained. Therefore, an MPBPF with a tuning range of 40 GHz and a rejection ratio of 16.9 dB is realized. This MPBPF possesses advantages such as ultranarrow bandwidth, large tuning range, and compactness, and shows great potential for microwave photonic applications.
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11
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Chen Z, Liu Q, Zhou J, Zhao P, Yu H, Li T, Liu Y. Parity-dependent unidirectional and chiral photon transfer in reversed-dissipation cavity optomechanics. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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12
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Wan L, Yang Z, Zhou W, Wen M, Feng T, Zeng S, Liu D, Li H, Pan J, Zhu N, Liu W, Li Z. Highly efficient acousto-optic modulation using nonsuspended thin-film lithium niobate-chalcogenide hybrid waveguides. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:145. [PMID: 35595724 PMCID: PMC9122937 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient on-chip acousto-optic modulator is as a key component and occupies an exceptional position in microwave-to-optical conversion. Homogeneous thin-film lithium niobate is preferentially employed to build the suspended configuration for the acoustic resonant cavity, with the aim of improving the modulation efficiency of the device. However, the limited cavity length and complex fabrication recipe of the suspended prototype restrain further breakthroughs in modulation efficiency and impose challenges for waveguide fabrication. In this work, based on a nonsuspended thin-film lithium niobate-chalcogenide glass hybrid Mach-Zehnder interferometer waveguide platform, we propose and demonstrate a built-in push-pull acousto-optic modulator with a half-wave-voltage-length product VπL as low as 0.03 V cm that presents a modulation efficiency comparable to that of a state-of-the-art suspended counterpart. A microwave modulation link is demonstrated using our developed built-in push-pull acousto-optic modulator, which has the advantage of low power consumption. The nontrivial acousto-optic modulation performance benefits from the superior photoelastic property of the chalcogenide membrane and the completely bidirectional participation of the antisymmetric Rayleigh surface acoustic wave mode excited by the impedance-matched interdigital transducer, overcoming the issue of low modulation efficiency induced by the incoordinate energy attenuation of acoustic waves applied to the Mach-Zehnder interferometer with two arms in traditional push-pull acousto-optic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhou
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meixun Wen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianhua Feng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqing Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingshun Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Institute of Semiconductor Science and Technology, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Low Carbon and New Energy Materials, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519000, Zhuhai, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Shu F, Shen Z, Chai C, Zhang Y, Dong C, Zou Z. 基于回音壁微腔的非互易光子器件. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Liu Y, Liu Q, Wang S, Chen Z, Sillanpää MA, Li T. Optomechanical Anti-Lasing with Infinite Group Delay at a Phase Singularity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:273603. [PMID: 35061429 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.273603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Singularities which symbolize abrupt changes and exhibit extraordinary behavior are of a broad interest. We experimentally study optomechanically induced singularities in a compound system consisting of a three-dimensional aluminum superconducting cavity and a metalized high-coherence silicon nitride membrane resonator. Mechanically induced coherent perfect absorption and anti-lasing occur simultaneously under a critical optomechanical coupling strength. Meanwhile, the phase around the cavity resonance undergoes an abrupt π-phase transition, which further flips the phase slope in the frequency dependence. The observed infinite discontinuity in the phase slope defines a singularity, at which the group velocity is dramatically changed. Around the singularity, an abrupt transition from an infinite group advance to delay is demonstrated by measuring a Gaussian-shaped waveform propagating. Our experiment may broaden the scope of realizing extremely long group delays by taking advantage of singularities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Liu
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Qichun Liu
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuaipeng Wang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mika A Sillanpää
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tiefu Li
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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15
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Hu H, Qi J, Wu Q, Fu X, Wu H, Zhang S, Chen Z, Chen J, Yao J, Yu X, Sun Q, Xu J. Coin Paradox Spin-Orbit Interaction Enhances Magneto-Optical Effect and Its Application in On-Chip Integrated Optical Isolator. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:175. [PMID: 34874503 PMCID: PMC8651837 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03634-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We designed a simple on-chip integrated optical isolator made up of a metal-insulator-metal waveguide and a disc cavity filled with magneto-optical material to enhance the transverse magneto-optical effect through the coin paradox spin-orbit interaction (SOI). The simulation results of the non-reciprocal transmission properties of this optical structure show that a high-performance on-chip integrated optical isolator is obtained. The maximum isolation ratio is greater than 60 dB with a corresponding insertion loss of about 2 dB. The great performance of the optical isolator is attributed to the strong transverse magneto-optical effect, which is enhanced by the coin paradox SOI. Moreover, the enhancement of the transverse magneto-optical effect through the coin paradox SOI is more substantial for smaller azimuthal mode number n. Benefiting from this, the transverse magneto-optical effect remains strong in a wide wavelength range. Additionally, a smaller cavity has a stronger transverse magneto-optical effect in the same wavelength range. Our research provides a new perspective for creating highly integrated magneto-optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Jiwei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi China
| | - Xianhui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Hongjin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Sihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Zongqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Jianghong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Xuanyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Qian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi China
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16
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Clementi M, Iadanza S, Schulz SA, Urbinati G, Gerace D, O'Faloain L, Galli M. Thermo-optically induced transparency on a photonic chip. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:240. [PMID: 34862362 PMCID: PMC8642398 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the optical response of a medium through suitably tuned coherent electromagnetic fields is highly relevant in a number of potential applications, from all-optical modulators to optical storage devices. In particular, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is an established phenomenon in which destructive quantum interference creates a transparency window over a narrow spectral range around an absorption line, which, in turn, allows to slow and ultimately stop light due to the anomalous refractive index dispersion. Here we report on the observation of a new form of both induced transparency and amplification of a weak probe beam in a strongly driven silicon photonic crystal resonator at room temperature. The effect is based on the oscillating temperature field induced in a nonlinear optical cavity, and it reproduces many of the key features of EIT while being independent of either atomic or mechanical resonances. Such thermo-optically induced transparency will allow a versatile implementation of EIT-analogs in an integrated photonic platform, at almost arbitrary wavelength of interest, room temperature and in a practical, low cost, and scalable system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Clementi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Via A. Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Photonic Systems Laboratory (PHOSL), STI-IEL, Station 11, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Simone Iadanza
- Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, Rossa Ave Bishopstown, Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex Dyke Parade, Cork, T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Sebastian A Schulz
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Giulia Urbinati
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Via A. Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dario Gerace
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Via A. Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Liam O'Faloain
- Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, Rossa Ave Bishopstown, Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex Dyke Parade, Cork, T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Matteo Galli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Via A. Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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17
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Nieves OA, Arnold MD, Schmidt MK, Steel MJ, Poulton CG. Noise in Brillouin based information storage. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:39486-39497. [PMID: 34809312 DOI: 10.1364/oe.439926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically and numerically study the efficiency of Brillouin-based opto-acoustic data storage in a photonic waveguide in the presence of thermal noise and laser phase noise. We compare the physics of the noise processes and how they affect different storage techniques, examining both amplitude and phase storage schemes. We investigate the effects of storage time and pulse properties on the quality of the retrieved signal and find that phase storage is less sensitive to thermal noise than amplitude storage.
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18
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19
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Kim H, Shin H. Active Information Manipulation via Optically Driven Acoustic-Wave Interference. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7270-7276. [PMID: 34410140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Implementing on-chip information processing systems through photonic-phononic interactions has attracted considerable interest owing to its potential for storing, sensing, and signal processing, but the generation and extinction of acoustic waves are determined by the existence of pump power and the phonon lifetime. Here, we demonstrate the acoustic-wave interference and active information manipulation by optically driven acoustic waves in a silicon photonic-phononic controller-emitter-receiver system. The filtered and transmitted information to the receiver has a narrow bandwidth of 6.2 MHz and can be amplified or canceled with a contrast greater than 40 dB by adjusting the relative microwave phase between the emitter and controller. The pulse-train signals can be transmitted, amplified, and canceled with a 3 dB cutoff frequency of 3.1 MHz. The proposed technique provides a potential solution for highly selective on-chip filtering, phase shifters, and information manipulation, offering new functions to optomechanical signal processing and silicon photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongpin Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Heedeuk Shin
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
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20
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Kong C, Bao XM, Liu JB, Xiong H. Magnon-mediated nonreciprocal microwave transmission based on quantum interference. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:25477-25487. [PMID: 34614878 DOI: 10.1364/oe.430619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonreciprocity has always been a subject of interest and plays a key role in a variety of applications like signal processing and noise isolation. In this work, we propose a simple and feasible scheme to implement nonreciprocal microwave transmission in a high-quality-factor superconducting cavity with ferrimagnetic materials. We derive necessary requirements to create nonreciprocity in our system where a magnon mode and two microwave modes are coupled to each other, highlighting the adjustability of a static magnetic field controlled nonreciprocal transmission based on quantum interference between different transmission paths, which breaks time-reversal symmetry of the three-mode cavity magnonics system. The high light isolation adjusted within a range of different magnetic fields can be obtained by modulating the photon-magnon coupling strength. Due to the simplicity of the device and the system tunability, our results may facilitate potential applications for light magnetic sensing and coherent information processing.
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21
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Shen Z, Zhang YL, Zou CL, Guo GC, Dong CH. Dissipatively Controlled Optomechanical Interaction via Cascaded Photon-Phonon Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:163604. [PMID: 33961448 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.163604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In an optomechanical system, we experimentally engineer the optical density of state to reduce or broaden the effective linewidth of the optical mode by introducing an ancillary mechanical mode, which has a large decay rate, i.e., stimulated backward Brillouin scattering. Based on this dissipation engineering, we could engineer the optical mode linewidth by one order of magnitude. In addition, we can either enhance or suppress the optomechanical cooling and amplification of the target mechanical oscillations. Our scheme demonstrates the cascaded photon-phonon coupling to control the mechanical interactions, and also presents a novel approach for engineering coherent light-matter interaction in hybrid systems, which consist of different types of nonlinear interactions and multiple modes, and promote the performance of quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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22
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Hu XX, Wang ZB, Zhang P, Chen GJ, Zhang YL, Li G, Zou XB, Zhang T, Tang HX, Dong CH, Guo GC, Zou CL. Noiseless photonic non-reciprocity via optically-induced magnetization. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2389. [PMID: 33888717 PMCID: PMC8062452 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The realization of optical non-reciprocity is crucial for many applications, and also of fundamental importance for manipulating and protecting the photons with desired time-reversal symmetry. Recently, various new mechanisms of magnetic-free non-reciprocity have been proposed and implemented, avoiding the limitation of the strong magnetic field imposed by the Faraday effect. However, due to the difficulties in separating the signal photons from the drive laser and the noise photons induced by the drive laser, these devices exhibit limited isolation performances and their quantum noise properties are rarely studied. Here, we demonstrate an approach of magnetic-free non-reciprocity by optically-induced magnetization in an atom ensemble. Excellent isolation (highest isolation ratio is [Formula: see text]) is observed over a power dynamic range of 7 orders of magnitude, with the noiseless property verified by quantum statistics measurements. The approach is applicable to other atoms and atom-like emitters, paving the way for future studies of integrated photonic non-reciprocal devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zhu-Bo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P. R. China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P. R. China.
| | - Guang-Jie Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Bo Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Tiancai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Hong X Tang
- Deparment of Electric Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information & CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, P. R. China.
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23
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Chen Y, Zhang YL, Shen Z, Zou CL, Guo GC, Dong CH. Synthetic Gauge Fields in a Single Optomechanical Resonator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:123603. [PMID: 33834826 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.123603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic gauge fields have recently emerged, arising in the context of quantum simulations, topological matter, and the protected transportation of excitations against defects. For example, an ultracold atom experiences a light-induced effective magnetic field when tunneling in an optical lattice, and offering a platform to simulate the quantum Hall effect and topological insulators. Similarly, the magnetic field associated with photon transport between sites has been demonstrated in a coupled resonator array. Here, we report the first experimental demonstration of a synthetic gauge field in the virtual lattices of bosonic modes in a single optomechanical resonator. By employing degenerate clockwise and counterclockwise optical modes and a mechanical mode, a controllable synthetic gauge field is realized by tuning the phase of the driving lasers. The nonreciprocal conversion between the three modes is realized for different synthetic magnetic fluxes. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, we also show the dynamics of the system under a fast-varying synthetic gauge field, and demonstrate synthetic electric field. Our demonstration not only provides a versatile and controllable platform for studying synthetic gauge fields in high dimensions but also enables an exploration of ultrafast gauge field tuning with a large dynamic range, which is restricted for a magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China and CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China and CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China and CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China and CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China and CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China and CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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24
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Qin H, Yin Y, Ding M. Sensing and Induced Transparency with a Synthetic Anti-PT Symmetric Optical Resonator. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5463-5470. [PMID: 33681586 PMCID: PMC7931397 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic dimensions and anti-parity-time (anti-PT) symmetry have been recently proposed and experimentally demonstrated in a single optical resonator. Here, we present the effect of the rotation-induced frequency shift in a synthetic anti-PT symmetric resonator, which enables the realization of a directional rotation sensor with improved sensitivity at an exceptional point (EP) and transparency assisted optical nonreciprocity (TAON) in the symmetry-broken region. The orthogonal rotation of this system results in the direction-independent frequency shift and maintenance of the EP condition even with rotation. Tunable transparency at the EP can thus be fulfilled. Hopefully, the proposed mechanisms will contribute to the development of high-precision rotation sensors and all-optical isolators and make the study of the synthetic anti-PT symmetric EP with rotation possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoye Qin
- School
of Instrumentation and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiheng Yin
- School
of Microelectronics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming Ding
- School
of Instrumentation and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Research
Institute of Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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25
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Dong MX, Xia KY, Zhang WH, Yu YC, Ye YH, Li EZ, Zeng L, Ding DS, Shi BS, Guo GC, Nori F. All-optical reversible single-photon isolation at room temperature. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/12/eabe8924. [PMID: 33741596 PMCID: PMC7978417 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonreciprocal devices operating at the single-photon level are fundamental elements for quantum technologies. Because magneto-optical nonreciprocal devices are incompatible for magnetic-sensitive or on-chip quantum information processing, all-optical nonreciprocal isolation is highly desired, but its realization at the quantum level is yet to be accomplished at room temperature. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate two regimes, using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or a Raman transition, for all-optical isolation with warm atoms. We achieve an isolation of 22.52 ± 0.10 dB and an insertion loss of about 1.95 dB for a genuine single photon, with bandwidth up to hundreds of megahertz. The Raman regime realized in the same experimental setup enables us to achieve high isolation and low insertion loss for coherent optical fields with reversed isolation direction. These realizations of single-photon isolation and coherent light isolation at room temperature are promising for simpler reconfiguration of high-speed classical and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ke-Yu Xia
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei-Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yi-Chen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ying-Hao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - En-Ze Li
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bao-Sen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1040, USA
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26
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Wang C, Jiang X, Sweeney WR, Hsu CW, Liu Y, Zhao G, Peng B, Zhang M, Jiang L, Stone AD, Yang L. Induced transparency by interference or polarization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2012982118. [PMID: 33397810 PMCID: PMC7826374 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012982118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polarization of optical fields is a crucial degree of freedom in the all-optical analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). However, the physical origins of EIT and polarization-induced phenomena have not been well distinguished, which can lead to confusion in associated applications such as slow light and optical/quantum storage. Here we study the polarization effects in various optical EIT systems. We find that a polarization mismatch between whispering gallery modes in two indirectly coupled resonators can induce a narrow transparency window in the transmission spectrum resembling the EIT lineshape. However, such polarization-induced transparency (PIT) is distinct from EIT: It originates from strong polarization rotation effects and shows a unidirectional feature. The coexistence of PIT and EIT provides additional routes for the manipulation of light flow in optical resonator systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Wang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - William R Sweeney
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Chia Wei Hsu
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Guangming Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Mengzhen Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Liang Jiang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - A Douglas Stone
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130;
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Zhou H, Ma R, Zhu S, Chen H, Zhang G, Shi L, Zhang X. Tunable polarization beam splitter and broadband optical power sensor using hybrid microsphere resonators. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:32847-32857. [PMID: 33114960 DOI: 10.1364/oe.406083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on silica microsphere resonators embedded with iron oxide nanoparticles, we proposed and fabricated an all-optical and continuously tunable polarization beam splitter (PBS), and a broadband optical power sensor (OPS) with high sensitivity. The PBS is realized since the effective refractive indexes of the transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic polarization modes in the microsphere resonator are different. Due to the excellent photothermal effect of iron oxide nanoparticles, we realized the all-optical and continuously tunable PBS based on the hybrid microsphere resonator. A maximum polarization splitting ratio of 20 dB and a tuning range of 5 nm are achieved. Based on this mechanism, the hybrid microsphere resonator can also be used as a broadband OPS. The sensitivity of the OPS is 0.487 nm/mW, 0.477 nm/mW, and 0.398 nm/mW when the probe wavelength is 690 nm, 980 nm, and 1550 nm, respectively. With such good performances, the tunable PBS and the broadband OPS have great potential in applications such as optical routers, switches and filters.
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28
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Jiao YF, Zhang SD, Zhang YL, Miranowicz A, Kuang LM, Jing H. Nonreciprocal Optomechanical Entanglement against Backscattering Losses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:143605. [PMID: 33064545 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.143605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose how to achieve nonreciprocal quantum entanglement of light and motion and reveal its counterintuitive robustness against random losses. We find that by splitting the counterpropagating lights of a spinning resonator via the Sagnac effect, photons and phonons can be entangled strongly in a chosen direction but fully uncorrelated in the other. This makes it possible both to realize quantum nonreciprocity even in the absence of any classical nonreciprocity and also to achieve significant entanglement revival against backscattering losses in practical devices. Our work provides a way to protect and engineer quantum resources by utilizing diverse nonreciprocal devices, for building noise-tolerant quantum processors, realizing chiral networks, and backaction-immune quantum sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Feng Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Sheng-Dian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Adam Miranowicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Le-Man Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hui Jing
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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29
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Chen B, Guo Y, Shen H. Spontaneous phase locking of mechanical multimodes in anti-parity-time optomechanics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:28762-28772. [PMID: 33114787 DOI: 10.1364/oe.400932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a system for observing the spontaneous phase locking of two frequency separate mechanical modes in an anti-parity-time symmetric optomechanical system. In our approach, a common optical cavity mode mediates the coupling between two phonon modes, leading to the phase locking of the coupled mechanical modes to a common frequency in the symmetry unbroken regime. We furthermore observe the change of quantum correlation near the exceptional point. Our results are also directly relevant to numerous other physical platforms, such as atomic ensembles in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems and spin interaction mediated by collective motional mode in trapped ions.
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30
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Liu X, Lu Q, Fu L, Chen X, Wu X, Xie S. Coupled-mode induced transparency via Ohmic heating in a single polydimethylsiloxane-coated microbubble resonator. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:10705-10713. [PMID: 32225648 DOI: 10.1364/oe.390593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an approach for the realization of coupled-mode induced transparency (CMIT) in a hybrid polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated silica microbubble resonator, with an Au microwire inserted in the hollow channel. Owing to the large negative thermo-optics coefficient of PDMS, different radial order modes with opposite thermal sensitivities can coexist in this hybrid microcavity. By applying a current through the Au microwire, which acts as a microheater, the generated Ohmic heating could thermally tune the resonance frequencies and the frequency detuning of the coupled mode to achieve controllable CMIT. This platform offers an efficient and convenient way to obtain controllable CMIT for applications, such as label-free biosensing and quantum information processing.
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31
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Cao QT, Liu R, Wang H, Lu YK, Qiu CW, Rotter S, Gong Q, Xiao YF. Reconfigurable symmetry-broken laser in a symmetric microcavity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1136. [PMID: 32111834 PMCID: PMC7048813 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The coherent light source is one of the most important foundations in both optical physics studies and applied photonic devices. However, the whispering gallery microcavity, as a prime platform for novel light sources, has the intrinsically chiral symmetry and severely rules out access to directional light output, all-optical flip-flops, efficient light extraction, etc. Here, we demonstrate a reconfigurable symmetry-broken microlaser in an ultrahigh-Q whispering gallery microcavity with the symmetric structure, in which a chirality of lasing field is empowered spontaneously by the optical nonlinear effect. Experimentally, the ratio of counter-propagating lasing intensities is found to exceed 160:1, and the chirality can be controlled dynamically and all-optically by the bias in the pump direction. This work not only presents a distinct recipe for coherent light sources with robust and reconfigurable performance, but also opens up an unexplored avenue to symmetry-broken physics in optical micro-structures. The directional lasing emission in whispering gallery microcavities typically resorts to breaking the structure symmetry. Here the authors demonstrate a reconfigurable symmetry-broken microlaser in a symmetric ultrahigh-Q whispering gallery microcavity, in which a chirality of lasing fields is empowered spontaneously by nonlinear effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Tao Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ruishan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Heming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu-Kun Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Stefan Rotter
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Vienna, A-1040, Austria, EU
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.,Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226010, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China. .,Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226010, Jiangsu, China.
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32
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Zhang F, Feng Y, Chen X, Ge L, Wan W. Synthetic Anti-PT Symmetry in a Single Microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:053901. [PMID: 32083913 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.053901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hermitian systems based on parity-time (PT) and anti-PT symmetry reveal rich physics beyond the Hermitian regime. So far, realizations of such symmetric systems have been limited to the spatial domain. Here we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate synthetic anti-PT symmetry in a spectral dimension induced by nonlinear Brillouin scattering in a single optical microcavity, where Brillouin scattering induced transparency or absorption in two spectral resonances provides the optical gain and loss to observe a phase transition between two symmetry regimes. This scheme provides a new paradigm towards the investigation of non-Hermitian physics in a synthetic photonic dimension for all-optical signal processing and quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yaming Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Ge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Staten Island, the City University of New York, NY 10314, and the Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Wenjie Wan
- The State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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33
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Qin GQ, Yang H, Mao X, Wen JW, Wang M, Ruan D, Long GL. Manipulation of optomechanically induced transparency and absorption by indirectly coupling to an auxiliary cavity mode. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:580-592. [PMID: 32118983 DOI: 10.1364/oe.381760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically study the optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) and absorption (OMIA) phenomena in a single microcavity optomechanical system, assisted by an indirectly coupled auxiliary cavity mode. We show that the interference effect between the two optical modes plays an important role and can be used to control the multiple-pathway induced destructive or constructive interference effect. The three-pathway interference could induce an absorption dip within the transparent window in the red sideband driving regime, while we can switch back and forth between OMIT and OMIA with the four-pathway interference. The conversion between the transparency peak and absorption dip can be achieved by tuning the relative amplitude and phase of the multiple light paths interference. Our system proposes a new platform to realize multiple pathways induced transparency and absorption in a single microcavity and a feasible way for realizing all-optical information processing.
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34
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Qian K, Wang F, Wang R, Zhen S, Wu X, Tu G, Zhang T, Yu B, Zhan L. Enhanced sensitivity of fiber laser sensor with Brillouin slow light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:25485-25492. [PMID: 31510420 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.025485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a new scheme for enhancing the sensitivity of a fiber laser sensor using Brillouin slow light. The Brillouin laser was exposed to environmental vibrations, producing fluctuations at 408 kHz frequency, which were then interrogated using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. By introducing Brillouin slow light into one arm of the interferometer, the sensitivity increased by 1.57 times that of a device without slow light. We believe this scheme may provide a new way of using Brillouin slow light and that it has some important implications regarding the use of fiber sensors for measuring the vibration, temperature, strain and so on.
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35
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Nanoscale nonreciprocity via photon-spin-polarized stimulated Raman scattering. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3297. [PMID: 31341164 PMCID: PMC6656711 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Time reversal symmetry stands as a fundamental restriction on the vast majority of optical systems and devices. The reciprocal nature of Maxwell’s equations in linear, time-invariant media adds complexity and scale to photonic diodes, isolators, circulators and also sets fundamental efficiency limits on optical energy conversion. Though many theoretical proposals and low frequency demonstrations of nonreciprocity exist, Faraday rotation remains the only known nonreciprocal mechanism that persists down to the atomic scale. Here, we present photon-spin-polarized stimulated Raman scattering as a new nonreciprocal optical phenomenon which has, in principle, no lower size limit. Exploiting this process, we numerically demonstrate nanoscale nonreciprocal transmission of free-space beams at near-infrared frequencies with a 250 nm thick silicon metasurface as well as a fully-subwavelength plasmonic gap nanoantenna. In revealing all-optical spin-splitting, our results provide a foundation for compact nonreciprocal communication and computing technologies, from nanoscale optical isolators and full-duplex nanoantennas to topologically-protected networks. Here, the authors introduce and study theoretically and numerically a scheme for breaking time-reversal symmetry and achieving nonreciprocity on the nanoscale, using spin-selective stimulated Raman scattering. These results could pave the way for compact nonreciprocal communication and computing technologies.
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36
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Fu W, Shen Z, Xu Y, Zou CL, Cheng R, Han X, Tang HX. Phononic integrated circuitry and spin-orbit interaction of phonons. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2743. [PMID: 31227711 PMCID: PMC6588612 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High-index-contrast optical waveguides are crucial for the development of photonic integrated circuits with complex functionalities. Despite many similarities between optical and acoustic waves, high-acoustic-index-contrast phononic waveguides remain elusive, preventing intricate manipulation of phonons on par with its photonic counterpart. Here, we present the realization of such phononic waveguides and the formation of phononic integrated circuits through exploiting a gallium-nitride-on-sapphire platform, which provides strong confinement and control of phonons. By demonstrating key building blocks analogous to photonic circuit components, we establish the functionality and scalability of the phononic circuits. Moreover, the unidirectional excitation of propagating phononic modes allows the exploration of unconventional spin-orbit interaction of phonons in this circuit platform, which opens up the possibility of novel applications such as acoustic gyroscopic and non-reciprocal devices. Such phononic integrated circuits could provide an invaluable resource for both classical and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Zhen Shen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Yuntao Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Risheng Cheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Hong X Tang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
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37
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Kharel P, Harris GI, Kittlaus EA, Renninger WH, Otterstrom NT, Harris JGE, Rakich PT. High-frequency cavity optomechanics using bulk acoustic phonons. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav0582. [PMID: 30972362 PMCID: PMC6450694 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To date, microscale and nanoscale optomechanical systems have enabled many proof-of-principle quantum operations through access to high-frequency (gigahertz) phonon modes that are readily cooled to their thermal ground state. However, minuscule amounts of absorbed light produce excessive heating that can jeopardize robust ground-state operation within these microstructures. In contrast, we demonstrate an alternative strategy for accessing high-frequency (13 GHz) phonons within macroscopic systems (centimeter scale) using phase-matched Brillouin interactions between two distinct optical cavity modes. Counterintuitively, we show that these macroscopic systems, with motional masses that are 1 million to 100 million times larger than those of microscale counterparts, offer a complementary path toward robust ground-state operation. We perform both optomechanically induced amplification/transparency measurements and demonstrate parametric instability of bulk phonon modes. This is an important step toward using these beam splitter and two-mode squeezing interactions within bulk acoustic systems for applications ranging from quantum memories and microwave-to-optical conversion to high-power laser oscillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanta Kharel
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Glen I. Harris
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Eric A. Kittlaus
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - Nils T. Otterstrom
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - Peter T. Rakich
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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38
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Hou S, Lou Y, Zhao N, Chen P, Zhang F, Chen Y, Lin F, Li J, Yang L, Peng J, Li H, Dai N. Robust Q-switching based on stimulated Brillouin scattering assisted by Fabry-Perot interference. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:5745-5754. [PMID: 30876170 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.005745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Q-switching operation based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has been developed for decades due to its inexpensive configuration, high pulse energy output, and the potential to be free from wavelength and material limitations. However, unstable and uncontrollable pulse output affected by SBS's stochastic nature hinders its development. In this work, we demonstrated a unique robust SBS-based Q-switched all-fiber laser. Firstly, a numerical model is developed and a general analysis about the robust Q-switching mechanism is presented. Simulation results show that the spectrum modulation effect such as FP interference is efficient for system to realize steady and controllable output. Secondly, we incorporated a Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometer made of two un-contact end faces of fiber connectors into a SBS-based Q-switched system and demonstrated passively robust Q-switching with simpler and cheaper configuration than most reported ones. Under 600 mW pump power, the SNR was measured to be as high as 62.96 dB, which is the highest SNR obtained from SBS-based Q-switched lasers. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of robust SBS-based Q-switching without any external measures.
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39
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Silicon Waveguide Optical Isolator with Directly Bonded Magneto-Optical Garnet. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9030609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Silicon waveguide optical isolators were fabricated by direct bonding of magneto-optical (MO) garnet. The technique allowed efficient MO phase shift owing to the use of single-crystalline garnet and negligibly thin interlayer on the silicon core layer. A Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) provided optical isolation utilizing the MO phase shift. High isolation, wide bandwidth, and temperature-insensitive operations had been demonstrated by tailoring the MZI design. Also, transverse electric (TE)–transverse magnetic (TM) mode converters were integrated to control operating polarization. In this paper, we reviewed these progresses on silicon waveguide optical isolators.
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40
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Abstract
Brillouin distributed measurement techniques have been extensively developed for structural health monitoring using fibre optic nerve systems. The recent advancement in the spatial resolution capabilities of correlation-based Brillouin distributed technique have reached the sub-mm regime, making this approach a suitable candidate for monitoring and characterizing integrated photonic devices. The small dimension associated with the short length of these devices—on the order of the cm- and mm-scale—requires high sensitivity detection techniques and sub-mm spatial resolution. In this paper, we provide an overview of the different Brillouin sensing techniques in various micro-scale structures such as photonic crystal fibres, microfibres, and on-chip waveguides. We show how Brillouin sensing is capable of detecting fine transverse geometrical features with the sensitivity of a few nm and also extremely small longitudinal features on the order of a few hundreds of μ m . We focus on the technique of Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis (BOCDA), which enables such high spatial resolution for mapping the opto-acoustic responses of micro-scale waveguides.
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41
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The effect of oscillator and dipole-dipole interaction on multiple optomechanically induced transparency in cavity optomechanical system. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14367. [PMID: 30254281 PMCID: PMC6156524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) phenomenon in a N-cavity optomechanical system doped with a pair of Rydberg atoms with the presence of a strong control field and a weak probe field applied to the Nth cavity. It is found that 2N - 1 (N < 10) numbers of OMIT windows can be observed in the output field when N cavities couple with N mechanical oscillators and the mechanical oscillators coupled with different even- or odd-labelled cavities can lead to diverse effects on OMIT. Furthermore, the ATS effect appears with the increase of the effective optomechanical coupling rate. On the other hand, two additional transparent windows (extra resonances) occur, when two Rydberg atoms are coupled with the cavity field. With DDI strength increasing, the extra resonances move to the far off-resonant regime but the left one moves slowly than the right one due to the positive detuning effect of DDI. During this process, Fano resonance also emerges in the absorption profile of output field.
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42
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Giorgini A, Avino S, Malara P, De Natale P, Gagliardi G. Opto-mechanical oscillator in a nanoliter droplet. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:3473-3476. [PMID: 30067688 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Droplets are very simple physical systems, whereby surface tension shapes liquids into ideal opto-mechanical devices. This has recently enabled low-viscosity liquid samples to serve as miniature acoustic resonators harnessing optical generation of bulk vibrations, capillaries, or surface waves. Uniquely, a simple room-temperature pendant droplet can be activated as a hypersound-laser emitter when illuminated by a free-space, low-power visible laser thanks to stimulated Brillouin scattering of optical and acoustic whispering-gallery modes. Here, we demonstrate continuous operation of a liquid polymer opto-mechanical resonator and characterize its quality factor and long-term frequency stability. Our results point to the feasibility of all-liquid micro-mechanical oscillators working in the 50-100 MHz range. The stimulated generation of high-quality surface waves on nanoliter droplets gives momentum to new optical schemes for characterization of material viscous-elastic properties, laboratory investigation of atmospheric phenomena, and mass sensing for direct analysis of biological fluids based on ultrasound-hypersound coherent generation and detection.
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43
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Zarifi A, Stiller B, Merklein M, Liu Y, Morrison B, Casas-Bedoya A, Ren G, Nguyen TG, Vu K, Choi DY, Mitchell A, Madden SJ, Eggleton BJ. Brillouin spectroscopy of a hybrid silicon-chalcogenide waveguide with geometrical variations. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:3493-3496. [PMID: 30067693 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in design and fabrication of photonic-phononic waveguides have enabled stimulated Brillouin scattering in silicon-based platforms such as underetched silicon waveguides and hybrid waveguides. Due to the sophisticated design and, more importantly, high sensitivity of the Brillouin resonances to geometrical variations in micro- and nano-scale structures, it is necessary to have access to the localized opto-acoustic response along those waveguides to monitor their uniformity and maximize their interaction strength. In this Letter, we design and fabricate photonic-phononic waveguides with a deliberate width variation on a hybrid silicon-chalcogenide photonic chip and confirm the effect of the geometrical variation on the localized Brillouin response using a distributed Brillouin measurement.
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Xue M, Chen W, Heng Y, Qing T, Pan S. Ultrahigh-resolution optical vector analysis using fixed low-frequency electrical phase-magnitude detection. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:3041-3044. [PMID: 29957776 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An ultrahigh-resolution optical vector analyzer (OVA) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on microwave photonic frequency downconversion and fixed low-frequency electrical phase-magnitude detection. In the proposed OVA, two optical single-sideband (OSSB) signals are generated by two RF signals with a fixed frequency spacing. One propagates through an optical device under test (DUT) and is then combined with the other before entering to a low-speed photodetector. By photodetection, a low-frequency and frequency-fixed photocurrent carrying the spectral responses is achieved. Hence, a low-frequency electrical phase-magnitude detector is sufficient to extract the magnitude and phase. Sweeping the frequency of the RF signals, the spectral responses of the DUT can be obtained. As compared with the conventional OSSB- and optical double-sideband-based OVA, the proposed OVA avoids the use of high-speed photodetection and broadband electrical phase-magnitude detection. In addition, it is inherently immune to the measurement errors induced by high-order sidebands and has the capability of measuring arbitrary spectral responses. In an experiment, the proposed OVA is implemented based on an electrical phase-magnitude detector working at 10 MHz. The measurement resolution is 1 MHz, and the measurement range is larger than 45 GHz.
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45
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Pant R, A SS, Yelikar AB. Wideband excitation of Fano resonances and induced transparency by coherent interactions between Brillouin resonances. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9175. [PMID: 29907792 PMCID: PMC6003991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wideband excitation and control of Fano resonance and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), both of which rely on coherent interaction between two excitation paths, is challenging. It requires precise control and tuning of interacting resonances or coupling between different resonant structures over a wide frequency range. Gain (Stokes) and absorption (anti-Stokes) resonances associated with the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) process can be excited and controlled over a wide frequency range by tuning the pump frequency, its power and profile. We exploit coherent interaction between the Brillouin Stokes and anti-Stokes resonance, in radio frequency domain, to demonstrate Fano and EIT-like resonance over a wide frequency range and control their shape and strength optically and electrically. For the Fano resonance, the asymmetry and polarity are electrically controlled over an unprecedented frequency range (100 MHz-43 GHz) by varying the bias to the intensity modulator whereas, the strength is varied by tuning the Brillouin pump power and/or the bias. The depth and 3 dB linewidth of the transparency window in the EIT-like resonance are controlled using pump and probe parameters. The flexibility of the SBS process that allows wideband electrical and optical control of Fano and EIT-like resonance opens up the potential for applications that range from low-power switching, sensing to tunable RF delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Pant
- Laboratory for Phoxonics and Nonlinear Optics in Nanostructures (PHONON), School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, Kerala, India.
| | - Siva Shakthi A
- Laboratory for Phoxonics and Nonlinear Optics in Nanostructures (PHONON), School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Anjali B Yelikar
- Laboratory for Phoxonics and Nonlinear Optics in Nanostructures (PHONON), School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, Kerala, India
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Jiang C, Ji B, Cui Y, Zuo F, Shi J, Chen G. Quantum-limited directional amplifier based on a triple-cavity optomechanical system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:15255-15267. [PMID: 30114775 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.015255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically propose a scheme for realizing a quantum-limited directional amplifier in a triple-cavity optomechanical system, where one microwave cavity and two optical cavities are, respectively, coupled to a common mechanical resonator. Moreover, the two optical cavities are coupled directly to facilitate the directional amplification between microwave and optical photons. We find that directional amplification between the three cavity modes is achieved with two gain process and one conversion process, and the direction of amplification can be modulated by controlling the phase difference between the field-enhanced optomechanical coupling strengths. Furthermore, with increasing the optomechanical cooperativity, both gain and bandwidth of the directional amplifier can be enhanced, and the noise added to the amplifier can be suppressed to approach the standard quantum limit on the phase-preserving linear amplifier.
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Peterson CW, Kim S, Bernhard JT, Bahl G. Synthetic phonons enable nonreciprocal coupling to arbitrary resonator networks. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaat0232. [PMID: 29888328 PMCID: PMC5993478 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Inducing nonreciprocal wave propagation is a fundamental challenge across a wide range of physical systems in electromagnetics, optics, and acoustics. Recent efforts to create nonreciprocal devices have departed from established magneto-optic methods and instead exploited momentum-based techniques such as coherent spatiotemporal modulation of resonators and waveguides. However, to date, the nonreciprocal frequency responses that these devices can achieve have been limited, mainly to either broadband or Lorentzian-shaped transfer functions. We show that nonreciprocal coupling between waveguides and resonator networks enables the creation of devices with customizable nonreciprocal frequency responses. We create nonreciprocal coupling through the action of synthetic phonons, which emulate propagating phonons and can scatter light between guided and resonant modes that differ in both frequency and momentum. We implement nonreciprocal coupling in microstrip circuits and experimentally demonstrate both elementary nonreciprocal functions such as isolation and gyration, as well as reconfigurable, higher-order nonreciprocal filters. Our results suggest nonreciprocal coupling as a platform for a broad class of customizable nonreciprocal systems, adaptable to all wave phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W. Peterson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Seunghwi Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jennifer T. Bernhard
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Gaurav Bahl
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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48
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Reconfigurable optomechanical circulator and directional amplifier. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1797. [PMID: 29728619 PMCID: PMC5935678 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-reciprocal devices, which allow non-reciprocal signal routing, serve as fundamental elements in photonic and microwave circuits and are crucial in both classical and quantum information processing. The radiation-pressure-induced coupling between light and mechanical motion in travelling-wave resonators has been exploited to break the Lorentz reciprocity, enabling non-reciprocal devices without magnetic materials. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a reconfigurable non-reciprocal device with alternative functions as either a circulator or a directional amplifier via optomechanically induced coherent photon–phonon conversion or gain. The demonstrated device exhibits considerable flexibility and offers exciting opportunities for combining reconfigurability, non-reciprocity and active properties in single photonic devices, which can also be generalized to microwave and acoustic circuits. Upconversion nanoparticles, which convert lower-energy light into higher-energy light, have many potential applications including sensing and imaging. Here, Wen et al. review recent advances that have addressed concentration quenching and enabled increasingly bright nanoparticles, opening up their full potential.
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Ding T, Zheng Y, Chen X. Phase-shifted Solc-type filter based on thin periodically poled lithium niobate in a reflective geometry. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:12016-12021. [PMID: 29716118 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.012016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Configurable narrow bandwidth filters are indispensable components in optical communication networks. Here, we present an easily-integrated compact tunable filtering based on polarization-coupling process in a thin periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) in a reflective geometry via the transverse electro-optic (EO) effect. The structure, composed of an in-line polarizer and a thinned PPLN chip, forms a phase-shift Solc-type filter with similar mechanism to defected Bragg gratings. The filtering effect can be dynamically switched on and off by a transverse electric filed. Analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) transmission spectrum and electrically controllable group delay is experimentally observed. The mechanism features tunable center wavelength in a wide range with respect to temperature and tunable optical delay to the applied voltage, which may offer another way for optical tunable filters or delay lines.
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50
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Seif A, DeGottardi W, Esfarjani K, Hafezi M. Thermal management and non-reciprocal control of phonon flow via optomechanics. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1207. [PMID: 29572521 PMCID: PMC5865216 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering phonon transport in physical systems is a subject of interest in the study of materials, and has a crucial role in controlling energy and heat transfer. Of particular interest are non-reciprocal phononic systems, which in direct analogy to electric diodes, provide a directional flow of energy. Here, we propose an engineered nanostructured material, in which tunable non-reciprocal phonon transport is achieved through optomechanical coupling. Our scheme relies on breaking time-reversal symmetry by a spatially varying laser drive, which manipulates low-energy acoustic phonons. Furthermore, we take advantage of developments in the manipulation of high-energy phonons through controlled scattering mechanisms, such as using alloys and introducing disorder. These combined approaches allow us to design an acoustic isolator and a thermal diode. Our proposed device will have potential impact in phonon-based information processing, and heat management in low temperatures. Phonon transport control is important for thermal and non-reciprocal devices. Here, Seif et al. combine heat transport in nanostructures and optomechanics into a platform for manipulating phonons with which they design an acoustic isolator and a thermal diode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Seif
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Wade DeGottardi
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Keivan Esfarjani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA.,Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Mohammad Hafezi
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. .,Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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