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Wu M, Jiang J, Tse JS, Pan Y. Carbonate melts under lower mantle conditions. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:1307-1309. [PMID: 36546259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Shaoxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing 312000, China.
| | - Jiehao Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - John S Tse
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | - Yuanming Pan
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
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2
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Spahr D, König J, Bayarjargal L, Luchitskaia R, Milman V, Perlov A, Liermann HP, Winkler B. Synthesis and Structure of Pb[C 2O 5]: An Inorganic Pyrocarbonate Salt. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9855-9859. [PMID: 35730801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized Pb[C2O5], an inorganic pyrocarbonate salt, in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC) at 30 GPa by heating a Pb[CO3] + CO2 mixture to ≈2000(200) K. Inorganic pyrocarbonates contain isolated [C2O5]2- groups without functional groups attached. The [C2O5]2- groups consist of two oxygen-sharing [CO3]3- groups. Pb[C2O5] was characterized by synchrotron-based single-crystal structure refinement, Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Pb[C2O5] is isostructural to Sr[C2O5] and crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4. The synthesis of Pb[C2O5] demonstrates that, just like in other carbonates, cation substitution is possible and that therefore inorganic pyrocarbonates are a novel family of carbonates, in addition to the established sp2 and sp3 carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Jannes König
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Rita Luchitskaia
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Perlov
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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3
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Davis AH, Solomatova NV, Campbell AJ, Caracas R. The Speciation and Coordination of a Deep Earth Carbonate-Silicate-Metal Melt. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SOLID EARTH 2022; 127:e2021JB023314. [PMID: 35866035 PMCID: PMC9286813 DOI: 10.1029/2021jb023314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations on a carbonate-silicate-metal melt were performed to study speciation and coordination changes as a function of pressure and temperature. We examine in detail the bond abundances of specific element pairs and the distribution of coordination environments over conditions spanning Earth's present-day mantle. Average coordination numbers increase continuously from 4 to 8 for Fe and Mg, from 4 to 6 for Si, and from 2 to 4 for C from 1 to 148 GPa (4,000 K). Speciation across all pressure and temperature conditions is complex due to the unusual bonding of carbon. With the increasing pressure, C-C and C-Fe bonding increase significantly, resulting in the formation of carbon polymers, C-Fe clusters, and the loss of carbonate groups. The increased bonding of carbon with elements other than oxygen indicates that carbon begins to replace oxygen as an anion in the melt network. We evaluate our results in the context of diamond formation and of metal-silicate partitioning behavior of carbon. Our work has implications for properties of carbon and metal-bearing silicate melts, such as viscosity, electrical conductivity, and reactivity with surrounding phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. H. Davis
- Department of the Geophysical SciencesUniversity of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - N. V. Solomatova
- CNRSEcole Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon LGLTPE UMR5276Centre Blaise PascalLyonFrance
| | - A. J. Campbell
- Department of the Geophysical SciencesUniversity of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - R. Caracas
- CNRSEcole Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon LGLTPE UMR5276Centre Blaise PascalLyonFrance
- The Center for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED)University of OsloOsloNorway
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4
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Spahr D, König J, Bayarjargal L, Milman V, Perlov A, Liermann HP, Winkler B. Sr[C 2O 5] is an Inorganic Pyrocarbonate Salt with [C 2O 5] 2- Complex Anions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2899-2904. [PMID: 35134291 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel type of carbonate, namely of the inorganic pyrocarbonate salt Sr[C2O5], which contains isolated [C2O5]2--groups, significantly extends the crystal chemistry of inorganic carbonates beyond the established sp2- and sp3-carbonates. We synthesized Sr[C2O5] in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell by reacting Sr[CO3] with CO2. By single crystal synchrotron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we show that it is a pyrocarbonate salt. Sr[C2O5] is the first member of a novel family of inorganic carbonates. We predict, based on DFT calculations, that further inorganic pyrocarbonates can be obtained and that these will be relevant to geoscience and may provide a better understanding of reactions converting CO2 into useful inorganic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jannes König
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Perlov
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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5
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Spahr D, König J, Bayarjargal L, Gavryushkin PN, Milman V, Liermann HP, Winkler B. Sr 3[CO 4]O Antiperovskite with Tetrahedrally Coordinated sp 3-Hybridized Carbon and OSr 6 Octahedra. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14504-14508. [PMID: 34520201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized the orthocarbonate Sr3[CO4]O in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at 20 and 30 GPa by heating to ≈3000 (300) K. Afterward, we recovered the orthocarbonate with [CO4]4- groups at ambient conditions. Single-crystal diffraction shows the presence of [CO4]4- groups, i.e., sp3-hybridized carbon tetrahedrally coordinated by covalently bound oxygen atoms. The [CO4]4- tetrahedra are located in a cage formed by corner-sharing OSr6 octahedra, i.e., octahedra with oxygen as a central ion, forming an antiperovskite-type structure. At high pressures, the octahedra are nearly ideal and slightly rotated. The high-pressure phase is tetragonal (I4/mcm). Upon pressure release, there is a phase transition with a symmetry lowering to an orthorhombic phase (Pnma), where the octahedra tilt and deform slightly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Jannes König
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Pavel N Gavryushkin
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy (IGM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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6
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Moog M, Pietrucci F, Saitta AM. Carbon Dioxide under Earth Mantle Conditions: From a Molecular Liquid through a Reactive Fluid to Polymeric Regimes. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5863-5869. [PMID: 34228460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In both its gaseous and condensed forms, carbon dioxide has an ever-increasing impact on Earth's chemistry and human life and activities. However, many aspects of its high-pressure phase diagram remain unclear. In this work, we present a complete structural characterization of carbon dioxide fluids under geological conditions using extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations throughout a wide pressure and temperature range, corresponding to Earth's lower mantle. We identify and describe four different disordered regimes, including two polymeric forms and two molecular ones, all within the geothermal conditions of the lower mantle. At pressures below 40 GPa, we find that the molecular liquid becomes very reactive above 2000 K: the C-O double bond routinely breaks, resulting in small and transient chains composed of CO2 units and frequently leading to an exchange of oxygen atoms between molecules. At higher pressures, in addition to the polymeric fluid previously reported at 3000 K, we find a polymeric system with glass-like behavior at lower temperatures, suggesting a complex interplay between kinetics and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Moog
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Fabio Pietrucci
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, 75252 Paris, France
| | - A Marco Saitta
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, 75252 Paris, France
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7
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Abstract
CaSiO3 polymorphs are abundant in only unique geological settings on the Earth’s surface and are the major Ca-bearing phases at deep mantle condition. An accurate and comprehensive study of their density and structural evolution with pressure and temperature is still lacking. Therefore, in this study we report the elastic behavior and structural evolution of wollastonite and CaSiO3-walstromite with pressure. Both minerals are characterized by first order phase transitions to denser structures. The deformations that lead to these transformations allow a volume increase ofthe bigger polyhedra, which might ease cation substitution in the structural sites of these phases. Furthermore, their geometrical features are clear analogies with those predicted and observed for tetrahedrally-structured ultra-high-pressure carbonates, which are unfortunately unquenchable. Indeed, wollastonite and CaSiO3-walstromite have a close resemblance to ultra-high-pressure chain- and ring-carbonates. This suggests a rich polymorphism also for tetrahedral carbonates, which might increase the compositional range of these phases, including continuous solid solutions involving cations with different size (Ca vs. Mg in particular) and important minor or trace elements incorporation.
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8
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Spahr D, Binck J, Bayarjargal L, Luchitskaia R, Morgenroth W, Comboni D, Milman V, Winkler B. Tetrahedrally Coordinated sp 3-Hybridized Carbon in Sr 2CO 4 Orthocarbonate at Ambient Conditions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5419-5422. [PMID: 33813824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized the orthocarbonate Sr2CO4, in which carbon is tetrahedrally coordinated by four oxygen atoms, at moderately high pressures [20(1) GPa] and high temperatures (≈3500 K) in a diamond anvil cell by reacting a SrCO3 single crystal with SrO powder. We show by synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and density functional thoery calculations that this phase, and hence sp3-hybridized carbon in a CO44- group, can be recovered at ambient conditions. The C-O bond distances are all of similar lengths [≈1.41(1) Å], and the O-C-O angles deviate from the ideal tetrahedral angle by a few degrees only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spahr
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University-Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jannes Binck
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University-Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University-Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rita Luchitskaia
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University-Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Morgenroth
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Davide Comboni
- ESRF European Synchrotron, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble 9, France
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Cambridge Science Park, CB4 0WN Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University-Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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9
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Phase Stability and Vibrational Properties of Iron-Bearing Carbonates at High Pressure. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10121142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The spin transition of iron can greatly affect the stability and various physical properties of iron-bearing carbonates at high pressure. Here, we reported laser Raman measurements on iron-bearing dolomite and siderite at high pressure and room temperature. Raman modes of siderite FeCO3 were investigated up to 75 GPa in the helium (He) pressure medium and up to 82 GPa in the NaCl pressure medium, respectively. We found that the electronic spin-paring transition of iron in siderite occurred sharply at 42–44 GPa, consistent with that in the neon (Ne) pressure medium in our previous study. This indicated that the improved hydrostaticity from Ne to He had minimal effects on the spin transition pressure. Remarkably, the spin crossover of siderite was broadened to 38–48 GPa in the NaCl pressure medium, due to the large deviatoric stress in the sample chamber. In addition, Raman modes of iron-bearing dolomite Ca1.02Mg0.76Fe0.20Mn0.02(CO3)2 were explored up to 58 GPa by using argon as a pressure medium. The sample underwent phase transitions from dolomite-Ⅰ to -Ⅰb phase at ~8 GPa, and then to -Ⅱ at ~15 and -Ⅲb phase at 36 GPa, while no spin transition was observed in iron-bearing dolomite up to 58 GPa. The incorporation of FeCO3 by 20 mol% appeared to marginally decrease the onset pressures of the three phase transitions aforementioned for pure dolomite. At 55–58 GPa, the ν1 mode shifted to a lower frequency at ~1186 cm−1, which was likely associated with the 3 + 1 coordination in dolomite-Ⅲb. These results shed new insights into the nature of iron-bearing carbonates at high pressure.
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10
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Structural Modifications of Single-Crystal Aragonite CaCO3 Beginning at ~15 GPa: In Situ Vibrational Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction Evidence. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The structural chemistry of carbonates under mantle conditions facilitates our understanding of carbon recycling pathways in the earth’s interior. It also has impacts on the dynamics of mantle–slab interactions. Aragonite is a common calcium carbonate mineral in pelagic marine sediments. The structural chemistry of single-crystal aragonite during successive compression and the behavior of a structural H+ have been investigated by micro-vibrational spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques in diamond anvil cells. We describe a reduction of the b-axial compressibility beginning at ~15 GPa, and the related discontinuities in the first-order derivatives of the vibrational modes. The structural modifications of aragonite are manifested by mutations occurring in the pressure relations of the wavenumbers of the O-C-O bending modes, and of the bandwidth and band intensities of the measured internal and external modes. These anomalies are indicative of changes occurring in the force constant of the C-O bonds, and possibly a second-order phase transition. Besides, the [CaO9] polyhedra begin to deform, possibly with some Ca-O bonds becoming elongated and the others shortening. An increase in the co-ordination number for the Ca2+ sites could be expected under higher pressures. Additionally, the weakening of the OH modes may imply H+-loss from the aragonite lattice above 11.5 GPa.
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11
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Chariton S, Bykov M, Bykova E, Koemets E, Fedotenko T, Winkler B, Hanfland M, Prakapenka VB, Greenberg E, McCammon C, Dubrovinsky L. The crystal structures of Fe-bearing MgCO 3 sp 2- and sp 3-carbonates at 98 GPa from single-crystal X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:715-719. [PMID: 32431938 PMCID: PMC7199253 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989020005411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of MgCO3-II has long been discussed in the literature where DFT-based model calculations predict a pressure-induced transition of the carbon atom from the sp 2 to the sp 3 type of bonding. We have now determined the crystal structure of iron-bearing MgCO3-II based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements using synchrotron radiation. We laser-heated a synthetic (Mg0.85Fe0.15)CO3 single crystal at 2500 K and 98 GPa and observed the formation of a monoclinic phase with composition (Mg2.53Fe0.47)C3O9 in the space group C2/m that contains tetra-hedrally coordinated carbon, where CO4 4- tetra-hedra are linked by corner-sharing oxygen atoms to form three-membered C3O9 6- ring anions. The crystal structure of (Mg0.85Fe0.15)CO3 (magnesium iron carbonate) at 98 GPa and 300 K is reported here as well. In comparison with previous structure-prediction calculations and powder X-ray diffraction data, our structural data provide reliable information from experiments regarding atomic positions, bond lengths, and bond angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Chariton
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago, 60637 Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Elena Bykova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Egor Koemets
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Timofey Fedotenko
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | | | - Eran Greenberg
- GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago, 60637 Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Catherine McCammon
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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12
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Pan D, Galli G. A first principles method to determine speciation of carbonates in supercritical water. Nat Commun 2020; 11:421. [PMID: 31964878 PMCID: PMC6972934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of the speciation of ions and molecules in supercritical aqueous fluids under pressure is critical to understanding their mass transport in the Earth's interior. Unfortunately, there is no experimental technique yet available to directly characterize species dissolved in water at extreme conditions. Here we present a strategy, based on first-principles simulations, to determine ratios of Raman scattering cross-sections of aqueous species under extreme conditions, thus providing a key quantity that can be used, in conjunction with Raman measurements, to predict chemical speciation in aqueous fluids. Due to the importance of the Earth's carbon cycle, we focus on carbonate and bicarbonate ions. Our calculations up to 11 GPa and 1000 K indicate a higher concentration of bicarbonates in water than previously considered at conditions relevant to the Earth's upper mantle, with important implications for the transport of carbon in aqueous fluids in the Earth's interior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Pan
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
- HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Giulia Galli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Materials Science Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
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13
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Oxidation of High Yield Strength Metals Tungsten and Rhenium in High-Pressure High-Temperature Experiments of Carbon Dioxide and Carbonates. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9120676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The laser-heating diamond-anvil cell technique enables direct investigations of materials under high pressures and temperatures, usually confining the samples with high yield strength W and Re gaskets. This work presents experimental data that evidences the chemical reactivity between these refractory metals and CO2 or carbonates at temperatures above 1300 °Ϲ and pressures above 6 GPa. Metal oxides and diamond are identified as reaction products. Recommendations to minimize non-desired chemical reactions in high-pressure high-temperature experiments are given.
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14
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CO 3+1 network formation in ultra-high pressure carbonate liquids. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15416. [PMID: 31659181 PMCID: PMC6817860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonate liquids are an important class of molten salts, not just for industrial applications, but also in geological processes. Carbonates are generally expected to be simple liquids, in terms of ionic interactions between the molecular carbonate anions and metal cations, and therefore relatively structureless compared to more “polymerized” silicate melts. But there is increasing evidence from phase relations, metal solubility, glass spectroscopy and simulations to suggest the emergence of carbonate “networks” at length scales longer than the component molecular anions. The stability of these emergent structures are known to be sensitive to temperature, but are also predicted to be favoured by pressure. This is important as a recent study suggests that subducted surface carbonate may melt near the Earth’s transition zone (~44 km), representing a barrier to the deep carbon cycle depending on the buoyancy and viscosity of these liquids. In this study we demonstrate a major advance in our understanding of carbonate liquids by combining simulations and high pressure measurements on a carbonate glass, (K2CO3-MgCO3) to pressures in excess of 40 GPa, far higher than any previous in situ study. We show the clear formation of extended low-dimensional carbonate networks of close CO32− pairs and the emergence of a “three plus one” local coordination environment, producing an unexpected increase in viscosity with pressure. Although carbonate melts may still be buoyant in the lower mantle, an increased viscosity by at least three orders of magnitude will restrict the upward mobility, possibly resulting in entrainment by the down-going slab.
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15
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Boulard E, Guyot F, Menguy N, Corgne A, Auzende AL, Perrillat JP, Fiquet G. CO2-induced destabilization of pyrite-structured FeO2Hx in the lower mantle. Natl Sci Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwy032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Volatiles, such as carbon and water, modulate the Earth's mantle rheology, partial melting and redox state, thereby playing a crucial role in the Earth's internal dynamics. We experimentally show the transformation of goethite FeOOH in the presence of CO2 into a tetrahedral carbonate phase, Fe4C3O12, at conditions above 107 GPa—2300 K. At temperatures below 2300 K, no interactions are evidenced between goethite and CO2, and instead a pyrite-structured FeO2Hx is formed as recently reported by Hu et al. (2016; 2017) and Nishi et al. (2017). The interpretation is that, above a critical temperature, FeO2Hx reacts with CO2 and H2, yielding Fe4C3O12 and H2O. Our findings provide strong support for the stability of carbon-oxygen-bearing phases at lower-mantle conditions. In both subducting slabs and lower-mantle lithologies, the tetrahedral carbonate Fe4C3O12 would replace the pyrite-structured FeO2Hx through carbonation of these phases. This reaction provides a new mechanism for hydrogen release as H2O within the deep lower mantle. Our study shows that the deep carbon and hydrogen cycles may be more complex than previously thought, as they strongly depend on the control exerted by local mineralogical and chemical environments on the CO2 and H2 thermodynamic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglantine Boulard
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 St Aubin, France
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD.—IMPMC, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - François Guyot
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD.—IMPMC, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Menguy
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD.—IMPMC, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Corgne
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Perrillat
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5276, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1—ENS de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Guillaume Fiquet
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD.—IMPMC, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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16
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Santamaria-Perez D, Ruiz-Fuertes J, Marqueño T, Pellicer-Porres J, Chulia-Jordan R, MacLeod S, Popescu C. Structural Behavior of Natural Silicate-Carbonate Spurrite Mineral, Ca 5(SiO 4) 2(CO 3), under High-Pressure, High-Temperature Conditions. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:98-105. [PMID: 29227639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report on high-pressure and high-temperature angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction and high-pressure Raman data up to 27 GPa and 700 K for natural silicate carbonate Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3) spurrite mineral. No phase transition was found in the studied P-T range. The room-temperature bulk modulus of spurrite using Ne as the pressure-transmitting medium is B0 = 77(1) GPa with a first-pressure derivative of B0' = 5.9(2). The structure compression is highly anisotropic, the b axis being approximately 30% more compressible than the a and c axes. The volumetric thermal expansivity value around 8 GPa was estimated to be 4.1(3) × 10-5 K-1. A comparison with intimately related minerals CaCO3 calcite and aragonite and β-Ca2SiO4 larnite shows that, as the composition and structural features of spurrite suggest, its compressibility and thermal expansivity lie between those of the silicate and carbonate end members. The crystal chemistry and thermodynamic properties of spurrite are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Santamaria-Perez
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia , 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Ruiz-Fuertes
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia , 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Tomas Marqueño
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia , 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Pellicer-Porres
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia , 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Chulia-Jordan
- MALTA-Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, Universidad de Valencia , 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Simon MacLeod
- Atomic Weapons Establishment , Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PR, U.K.,Institute of Shock Physics, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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17
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Weis C, Sternemann C, Cerantola V, Sahle CJ, Spiekermann G, Harder M, Forov Y, Kononov A, Sakrowski R, Yavaş H, Tolan M, Wilke M. Pressure driven spin transition in siderite and magnesiosiderite single crystals. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16526. [PMID: 29184152 PMCID: PMC5705641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-bearing carbonates are candidate phases for carbon storage in the deep Earth and may play an important role for the Earth's carbon cycle. To elucidate the properties of carbonates at conditions of the deep Earth, we investigated the pressure driven magnetic high spin to low spin transition of synthetic siderite FeCO3 and magnesiosiderite (Mg0.74Fe0.26)CO3 single crystals for pressures up to 57 GPa using diamond anvil cells and x-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy to directly probe the iron 3d electron configuration. An extremely sharp transition for siderite single crystal occurs at a notably low pressure of 40.4 ± 0.1 GPa with a transition width of 0.7 GPa when using the very soft pressure medium helium. In contrast, we observe a broadening of the transition width to 4.4 GPa for siderite with a surprising additional shift of the transition pressure to 44.3 ± 0.4 GPa when argon is used as pressure medium. The difference is assigned to larger pressure gradients in case of argon. For magnesiosiderite loaded with argon, the transition occurs at 44.8 ± 0.8 GPa showing similar width as siderite. Hence, no compositional effect on the spin transition pressure is observed. The spectra measured within the spin crossover regime indicate coexistence of regions of pure high- and low-spin configuration within the single crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Weis
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, 44227, Germany.
| | - Christian Sternemann
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Valerio Cerantola
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Christoph J Sahle
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Georg Spiekermann
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, 14476, Germany.,Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Manuel Harder
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Yury Forov
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Alexander Kononov
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Robin Sakrowski
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Hasan Yavaş
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Metin Tolan
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Max Wilke
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
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18
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Stability of iron-bearing carbonates in the deep Earth's interior. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15960. [PMID: 28722013 PMCID: PMC5524932 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of carbonates in inclusions in diamonds coming from depths exceeding 670 km are obvious evidence that carbonates exist in the Earth's lower mantle. However, their range of stability, crystal structures and the thermodynamic conditions of the decarbonation processes remain poorly constrained. Here we investigate the behaviour of pure iron carbonate at pressures over 100 GPa and temperatures over 2,500 K using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy in laser-heated diamond anvil cells. On heating to temperatures of the Earth's geotherm at pressures to ∼50 GPa FeCO3 partially dissociates to form various iron oxides. At higher pressures FeCO3 forms two new structures-tetrairon(III) orthocarbonate Fe43+C3O12, and diiron(II) diiron(III) tetracarbonate Fe22+Fe23+C4O13, both phases containing CO4 tetrahedra. Fe4C4O13 is stable at conditions along the entire geotherm to depths of at least 2,500 km, thus demonstrating that self-oxidation-reduction reactions can preserve carbonates in the Earth's lower mantle.
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19
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Marqués M, Morales-García A, Menéndez JM, Baonza VG, Recio JM. A novel crystalline SiCO compound. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:25055-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio evolutionary structural searches have been performed on SixCyO2(x+y) compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Marqués
- MALTA-Consolider Team and Departamento de Física Teórica
- Universidad de Valladolid
- E-47011 Valladolid
- Spain
| | - Angel Morales-García
- MALTA-Consolider Team and Departamento de Química Física I
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- E-28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - José Manuel Menéndez
- MALTA-Consolider Team and Departamento de Química Física y Analitica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- E-33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Valentín G. Baonza
- MALTA-Consolider Team and Departamento de Química Física I
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- E-28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - José Manuel Recio
- MALTA-Consolider Team and Departamento de Química Física y Analitica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- E-33006 Oviedo
- Spain
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