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Martinazzo R, Burghardt I. Dynamics of the Molecular Geometric Phase. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:243002. [PMID: 38949340 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.243002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The fate of the molecular geometric phase in an exact dynamical framework is investigated with the help of the exact factorization of the wave function and a recently proposed quantum hydrodynamical description of its dynamics. An instantaneous, gauge-invariant phase is introduced for arbitrary paths in nuclear configuration space in terms of hydrodynamical variables, and shown to reduce to the adiabatic geometric phase when the state is adiabatic and the path is closed. The evolution of the closed-path phase over time is shown to adhere to a Maxwell-Faraday induction law, with nonconservative forces arising from the electron dynamics that play the role of electromotive forces. We identify the pivotal forces that are able to change the value of the phase, thereby challenging any topological argument. Nonetheless, negligible changes in the phase occur when the local dynamics along the probe loop is approximately adiabatic. That is, the geometric phase effects that arise in an adiabatic limiting situation remain suitable to effectively describe certain dynamic observables.
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2
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Kang M, Nuomin H, Chowdhury SN, Yuly JL, Sun K, Whitlow J, Valdiviezo J, Zhang Z, Zhang P, Beratan DN, Brown KR. Seeking a quantum advantage with trapped-ion quantum simulations of condensed-phase chemical dynamics. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:340-358. [PMID: 38641733 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Simulating the quantum dynamics of molecules in the condensed phase represents a longstanding challenge in chemistry. Trapped-ion quantum systems may serve as a platform for the analog-quantum simulation of chemical dynamics that is beyond the reach of current classical-digital simulation. To identify a 'quantum advantage' for these simulations, performance analysis of both analog-quantum simulation on noisy hardware and classical-digital algorithms is needed. In this Review, we make a comparison between a noisy analog trapped-ion simulator and a few choice classical-digital methods on simulating the dynamics of a model molecular Hamiltonian with linear vibronic coupling. We describe several simple Hamiltonians that are commonly used to model molecular systems, which can be simulated with existing or emerging trapped-ion hardware. These Hamiltonians may serve as stepping stones towards the use of trapped-ion simulators for systems beyond the reach of classical-digital methods. Finally, we identify dynamical regimes in which classical-digital simulations seem to have the weakest performance with respect to analog-quantum simulations. These regimes may provide the lowest hanging fruit to make the most of potential quantum advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Kang
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Hanggai Nuomin
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Jonathon L Yuly
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ke Sun
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jacob Whitlow
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jesús Valdiviezo
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Departamento de Ciencias, Sección Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - Zhendian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David N Beratan
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Kenneth R Brown
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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3
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Wang J, Xie C, Hu X, Guo H, Xie D. Impact of Geometric Phase on Dynamics of Complex-Forming Reactions: H + O 2 → OH + O. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4237-4243. [PMID: 38602563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Reaction dynamics on the ground electronic state might be significantly influenced by conical intersections (CIs) via the geometric phase (GP), as demonstrated for activated reactions (i.e., the H + H2 exchange reaction). However, there have been few investigations of GP effects in complex-forming reactions. Here, we report a full quantum dynamical study of an important reaction in combustion (H + O2 → OH + O), which serves as a proving ground for studying GP effects therein. The results reveal significant differences in reaction probabilities and differential cross sections (DCSs) obtained with and without GP, underscoring its strong impact. However, the GP effects are less pronounced for the reaction integral cross sections, apparently due to the integral of the DCS over the scattering angle. Further analysis indicated that the cross section has roughly the same contributions from the two topologically distinct paths around the CI, namely, the direct and looping paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Wang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Changjian Xie
- Institute of Modern Physics, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Computational Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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4
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Li S, Huang J, Lu Z, Shu Y, Chen W, Yuan D, Wang T, Fu B, Zhang Z, Wang X, Zhang DH, Yang X. Observation of geometric phase effect through backward angular oscillations in the H + HD → H 2 + D reaction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1698. [PMID: 38402199 PMCID: PMC11258225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantum interference between reaction pathways around a conical intersection (CI) is an ultrasensitive probe of detailed chemical reaction dynamics. Yet, for the hydrogen exchange reaction, the difference between contributions of the two reaction pathways increases substantially as the energy decreases, making the experimental observation of interference features at low energy exceedingly challenging. We report in this paper a combined experimental and theoretical study on the H + HD → H2 + D reaction at the collision energy of 1.72 eV. Although the roaming insertion pathway constitutes only a small fraction (0.088%) of the overall contribution, angular oscillatory patterns arising from the interference of reaction pathways were clearly observed in the backward scattering direction, providing direct evidence of the geometric phase effect at an energy of 0.81 eV below the CI. Furthermore, theoretical analysis reveals that the backward interference patterns are mainly contributed by two distinct groups of partial waves (J ~ 10 and J ~ 19). The well-separated partial waves and the geometric phase collectively influence the quantum reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Li
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiayu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhibing Lu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yiyang Shu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Daofu Yuan
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bina Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Zhaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xingan Wang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
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5
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Fang W, Heller ER, Richardson JO. Competing quantum effects in heavy-atom tunnelling through conical intersections. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10777-10785. [PMID: 37829019 PMCID: PMC10566476 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermally activated chemical reactions are typically understood in terms of overcoming potential-energy barriers. However, standard rate theories break down in the presence of a conical intersection (CI) because these processes are inherently nonadiabatic, invalidating the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Moreover, CIs give rise to intricate nuclear quantum effects such as tunnelling and the geometric phase, which are neglected by standard trajectory-based simulations and remain largely unexplored in complex molecular systems. We present new semiclassical transition-state theories based on an extension of golden-rule instanton theory to describe nonadiabatic tunnelling through CIs and thus provide an intuitive picture for the reaction mechanism. We apply the method in conjunction with first-principles electronic-structure calculations to the electron transfer in the bis(methylene)-adamantyl cation. Our study reveals a strong competition between heavy-atom tunnelling and geometric-phase effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Eric R Heller
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jeremy O Richardson
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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6
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Davis JP, Neisser RW, Kidwell NM. Infrared Activated Signatures and Jahn-Teller Dynamics of NO-CH 4 Collision Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2023. [PMID: 37285367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bimolecular collision outcomes sensitively depend on the chemical functionality and relative orientations of the colliding partners that define the accessible reactive and nonreactive pathways. Accurate predictions from multidimensional potential energy surfaces demand a full characterization of the available mechanisms. Therefore, there is a need for experimental benchmarks to control and characterize the collision conditions with spectroscopic accuracy to accelerate the predictive modeling of chemical reactivity. To this end, the bimolecular collision outcomes can be investigated systematically by preparing reactants in the entrance channel prior to reaction. Herein, we investigate the vibrational spectroscopy and infrared-driven dynamics of the bimolecular collision complex between nitric oxide and methane (NO-CH4). We recorded the vibrational spectroscopy of NO-CH4 in the CH4 asymmetric stretching region using resonant ion-depletion infrared spectroscopy and infrared action spectroscopy, thus revealing a significantly broad spectrum centered at 3030 cm-1 that extends over 50 cm-1. The asymmetric CH stretch feature of NO-CH4 is explained by CH4 internal rotation and attributed to transitions involving three different nuclear spin isomers of CH4. The vibrational spectra also show extensive homogeneous broadening due to the ultrafast vibrational predissociation of NO-CH4. Additionally, we combine infrared activation of NO-CH4 with velocity map imaging of NO (X2Π, ν″ = 0, J″, Fn, Λ) products to develop a molecular-level understanding of the nonreactive collisions of NO with CH4. The anisotropy of the ion image features is largely determined by the probed rotational quantum number of NO (J″) products. For a subset of NO fragments, the ion images and total kinetic energy release (TKER) distributions show an anisotropic component at low relative translation (∼225 cm-1) indicating a prompt dissociation mechanism. However, for other detected NO products, the ion images and TKER distributions are bimodal, in which the anisotropic component is accompanied by an isotropic feature at high relative translation (∼1400 cm-1) signifying a slow dissociation pathway. In addition to the predissociation dynamics following vibrational excitation, the Jahn-Teller dynamics prior to infrared activation need to be considered to fully describe the product spin-orbit distributions. Therefore, we correlate the Jahn-Teller mechanisms of NO-CH4 to the symmetry-restricted NO (X2Π, ν″ = 0, J″, Fn, Λ) + CH4 (ν″) product outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Davis
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, United States
| | - Ruby W Neisser
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, United States
| | - Nathanael M Kidwell
- Department of Chemistry, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, United States
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7
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Abstract
The topological properties of an object, associated with an integer called the topological invariant, are global features that cannot change continuously but only through abrupt variations, hence granting them intrinsic robustness. Engineered metamaterials (MMs) can be tailored to support highly nontrivial topological properties of their band structure, relative to their electronic, electromagnetic, acoustic and mechanical response, representing one of the major breakthroughs in physics over the past decade. Here, we review the foundations and the latest advances of topological photonic and phononic MMs, whose nontrivial wave interactions have become of great interest to a broad range of science disciplines, such as classical and quantum chemistry. We first introduce the basic concepts, including the notion of topological charge and geometric phase. We then discuss the topology of natural electronic materials, before reviewing their photonic/phononic topological MM analogues, including 2D topological MMs with and without time-reversal symmetry, Floquet topological insulators, 3D, higher-order, non-Hermitian and nonlinear topological MMs. We also discuss the topological aspects of scattering anomalies, chemical reactions and polaritons. This work aims at connecting the recent advances of topological concepts throughout a broad range of scientific areas and it highlights opportunities offered by topological MMs for the chemistry community and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Simon Yves
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College, The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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8
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Wang J, An F, Chen J, Hu X, Guo H, Xie D. Accurate Full-Dimensional Global Diabatic Potential Energy Matrix for the Two Lowest-Lying Electronic States of the H + O 2 ↔ HO + O Reaction. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:2929-2938. [PMID: 37161259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A new and more accurate diabatic potential energy matrix (DPEM) is developed for the two lowest-lying electronic states of HO2, covering both the strong interaction region and reaction asymptotes. The ab initio calculations were performed at the Davidson corrected multireference configuration interaction level with the augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quintuple-zeta basis set (MRCI+Q/AV5Z). The accuracy of the electronic structure calculations is validated by excellent agreement with the experimental HO2 equilibrium geometry, fundamental vibrational frequencies, and H + O2 ↔ OH + O reaction energy. Through the combination of an electronic angular momentum-method and a configuration interaction vector-based method, the mixing angle between the first two 2A″ states of HO2 was successfully determined. Elements of the 2×2 DPEM were fit to neural networks with a proper account of the complete nuclear permutation inversion symmetry of HO2. The DPEM correctly predicted the properties of conical intersection seams at linear and T-shape geometries, thus providing a reliable platform for studying both the spectroscopy of HO2 and the nonadiabatic dynamics for the H + O2 ↔ OH + O reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Wang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feng An
- Research Center for Graph Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
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9
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Buren B, Chen M. Stereodynamics-Controlled Product Branching in the Nonadiabatic H + NaD → Na(3s, 3p) + HD Reaction at Low Temperatures. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2453-2462. [PMID: 35434992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonadiabatic processes play an important role at energies near or higher than conical intersection of adiabatic potential energy surfaces in chemical reactions. In this work, dynamics of the nonadiabatic H + NaD reaction at low temperatures are studied by using the quantum wave packet method based on an improved L-shaped grid. The nonadiabatic H + NaD reaction has two exothermic reaction channels: Na(3s) + HD and Na(3p) + HD; the latter can only occur via nonadiabatic transition. The dynamics results show that the product branching of the H + NaD reaction at collision energies ranging from 20 to 80 cm-1 is controlled by stereodynamics. The Na(3s) and Na(3p) reaction channels occur through collinear collision and side-on collision, respectively. When the collision energy is lower than 20 cm-1, the resonance-mediated reaction mechanism is dominant in both the Na(3s) and Na(3p) reaction channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayaer Buren
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Maodu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
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10
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Zhao B, Pan JW. Quantum control of reactions and collisions at ultralow temperatures. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1685-1701. [PMID: 35169822 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
At temperatures close to absolute zero, the molecular reactions and collisions are dominantly governed by quantum mechanics. Remarkable quantum phenomena such as quantum tunneling, quantum threshold behavior, quantum resonances, quantum interference, and quantum statistics are expected to be the main features in ultracold reactions and collisions. Ultracold molecules offer great opportunities and challenges in the study of these intriguing quantum phenomena in molecular processes. In this article, we review the recent progress in the preparation of ultracold molecules and the study of ultracold reactions and collisions using ultracold molecules. We focus on the controlled ultracold chemistry and the scattering resonances at ultralow temperatures. The challenges in understanding the complex ultracold reactions and collisions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. .,Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. .,Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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11
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Marchetti B, Esposito VJ, Bush RE, Karsili TNV. The states that hide in the shadows: the potential role of conical intersections in the ground state unimolecular decay of a Criegee intermediate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:532-540. [PMID: 34904596 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Criegee intermediates are of great significance to Earth's troposphere - implicated in altering the tropospheric oxidation cycle and in forming low volatility products that typically condense to form secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). As such, their chemistry has attracted vast attention in recent years. In particular, the unimolecular decay of thermal and vibrationally-excited Criegee intermediates has been the focus of several experimental and computational studies, and it is now recognized that Criegee intermediates undergo unimolecular decay to form OH radicals. In this contribution we reveal insight into the chemistry of Criegee intermediates by highlighting the hitherto neglected multi-state contribution to the ground state unimolecular decay dynamics of the Criegee intermediate products. The two key intermediates of present focus are dioxirane and vinylhydroperoxide - known to be active intermediates that mediate the unimolecular decay of CH2OO and CH3CHOO, respectively. In both cases the unimolecular decay path encounters conical intersections, which may play a pivotal role in the ensuing dynamics. This hitherto unrecognized phenomenon may be vital in the way in which the reactivity of Criegee intermediates are modelled and is likely to affect the ensuing dynamics associated with the unimolecular decay of a given Criegee intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rachel E Bush
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana, LA 70504, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Advances in atomic, molecular, and optical physics techniques allowed the cooling of simple molecules down to the ultracold regime ([Formula: see text]1 mK) and opened opportunities to study chemical reactions with unprecedented levels of control. This review covers recent developments in studying bimolecular chemistry at ultralow temperatures. We begin with a brief overview of methods for producing, manipulating, and detecting ultracold molecules. We then survey experimental works that exploit the controllability of ultracold molecules to probe and modify their long-range interactions. Further combining the use of physical chemistry techniques such as mass spectrometry and ion imaging significantly improved the detection of ultracold reactions and enabled explorations of their dynamics in the short range. We discuss a series of studies on the reaction KRb + KRb → K2 + Rb2 initiated below 1 [Formula: see text]K, including the direct observation of a long-lived complex, the demonstration of product rotational state control via conserved nuclear spins, and a test of the statistical model using the complete quantum state distribution of the products. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 73 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA; .,Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA; .,Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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13
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Buren B, Chen M, Sun Z, Guo H. Quantum Wave Packet Treatment of Cold Nonadiabatic Reactive Scattering at the State-To-State Level. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10111-10120. [PMID: 34767377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c08105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cold and ultracold collisions are dominated by quantum effects, such as resonances, tunneling, and nonadiabatic transitions between different electronic states. Due to the extremely long de Broglie wavelength in such processes, quantum reactive scattering is most conveniently characterized using the time-independent close-coupling (TICC) methods. However, the TICC approach is difficult for systems with a large number of channels because of its steep numerical scaling laws. Here, a recently proposed quantum wave packet (WP) approach for solving adiabatic reactive scattering problems at low collision energies is extended to include nonadiabatic transitions. To impose the outgoing boundary conditions, the total scattering wavefunction is split into three parts, the interaction, the asymptotic, and the long-range regions. Each region is associated with a different set of basis functions, which could be optimized separately. In this way, an extremely long grid can be used to accommodate the characteristic long de Broglie wavelengths in the scattering coordinate. The better numerical scaling laws of the WP approach have the potential for handling larger nonadiabatic reactive systems at low temperatures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayaer Buren
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Maodu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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14
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Zhao B, Han S, Malbon CL, Manthe U, Yarkony DR, Guo H. Full-dimensional quantum stereodynamics of the non-adiabatic quenching of OH(A 2Σ +) by H 2. Nat Chem 2021; 13:909-915. [PMID: 34373597 PMCID: PMC8440216 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Born–Oppenheimer approximation, assuming separable nuclear and electronic motion, is widely adopted for characterizing chemical reactions in a single electronic state. However, the breakdown of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation is omnipresent in chemistry, and a detailed understanding of the non-adiabatic dynamics is still incomplete. Here we investigate the non-adiabatic quenching of electronically excited OH(A2Σ+) molecules by H2 molecules using full-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations for zero total nuclear angular momentum using a high-quality diabatic-potential-energy matrix. Good agreement with experimental observations is found for the OH(X2Π) ro-vibrational distribution, and the non-adiabatic dynamics are shown to be controlled by stereodynamics, namely the relative orientation of the two reactants. The uncovering of a major (in)elastic channel, neglected in a previous analysis but confirmed by a recent experiment, resolves a long-standing experiment–theory disagreement concerning the branching ratio of the two electronic quenching channels. ![]()
The breakdown of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation is omnipresent in chemistry and detailed understanding of non-adiabatic dynamics is still incomplete. Now, the non-adiabatic quenching of electronically excited OH(A2Σ+) molecules by H2 has been investigated using full-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations and a high-quality diabatic-potential-energy matrix, providing insight into the branching ratio of the two electronic quenching channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. .,Theoretische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Shanyu Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Uwe Manthe
- Theoretische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - David R Yarkony
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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15
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Liu Y, Hu MG, Nichols MA, Yang D, Xie D, Guo H, Ni KK. Precision test of statistical dynamics with state-to-state ultracold chemistry. Nature 2021; 593:379-384. [PMID: 34012086 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reactions represent a class of quantum problems that challenge both the current theoretical understanding and computational capabilities1. Reactions that occur at ultralow temperatures provide an ideal testing ground for quantum chemistry and scattering theories, because they can be experimentally studied with unprecedented control2, yet display dynamics that are highly complex3. Here we report the full product state distribution for the reaction 2KRb → K2 + Rb2. Ultracold preparation of the reactants allows us complete control over their initial quantum degrees of freedom, whereas state-resolved, coincident detection of both products enables the probability of scattering into each of the 57 allowed rotational state-pairs to be measured. Our results show an overall agreement with a state-counting model based on statistical theory4-6, but also reveal several deviating state-pairs. In particular, we observe a strong suppression of population in the state-pair closest to the exoergicity limit as a result of the long-range potential inhibiting the escape of products. The completeness of our measurements provides a benchmark for quantum dynamics calculations beyond the current state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Ming-Guang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew A Nichols
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dongzheng Yang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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16
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Kendrick BK. Quantum reactive scattering calculations for the cold and ultracold Li + LiNa → Li 2 + Na reaction. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124303. [PMID: 33810695 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A first-principles based quantum dynamics study of the Li + LiNa(v = 0, j = 0) → Li2(v', j') + Na reaction is reported for collision energies spanning the ultracold (1 nK) to cold (1 K) regimes. A full-dimensional ab initio potential energy surface for the ground electronic state of Li2Na is utilized that includes an accurate treatment of the long-range interactions. The Li + LiNa reaction is barrierless and exoergic and exhibits a deep attractive potential well that supports complex formation. Thus, significant reactivity occurs even for collision temperatures approaching absolute zero. The reactive scattering calculations are based on a numerically exact time-independent quantum dynamics methodology in hyperspherical coordinates. Total and rotationally resolved rate coefficients are reported at 56 collision energies and include all contributing partial waves. Several shape resonances are observed in many of the rotationally resolved rate coefficients and a small resonance feature is also reported in the total rate coefficient near 50 mK. Of particular interest, the angular distributions or differential cross sections are reported as a function of both the collision energy and scattering angle. Unique quantum fingerprints (bumps, channels, and ripples) are observed in the angular distributions for each product rotational state due to quantum interference and shape resonance contributions. The Li + LiNa reaction is under active experimental investigation so that these intriguing features could be verified experimentally when sufficient product state resolution becomes feasible for collision energies below 1 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian K Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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17
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Kendrick BK, Li H, Li M, Kotochigova S, Croft JFE, Balakrishnan N. Non-adiabatic quantum interference in the ultracold Li + LiNa → Li 2 + Na reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5096-5112. [PMID: 33576359 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05499b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electronically non-adiabatic effects play an important role in many chemical reactions. However, how these effects manifest in cold and ultracold chemistry remains largely unexplored. Here for the first time we present from first principles the non-adiabatic quantum dynamics of the reactive scattering between ultracold alkali-metal LiNa molecules and Li atoms. We show that non-adiabatic dynamics induces quantum interference effects that dramatically alter the ultracold rotationally resolved reaction rate coefficients. The interference effect arises from the conical intersection between the ground and an excited electronic state that is energetically accessible even for ultracold collisions. These unique interference effects might be exploited for quantum control applications such as a quantum molecular switch. The non-adiabatic dynamics are based on full-dimensional ab initio potential energy surfaces for the two electronic states that includes the non-adiabatic couplings and an accurate treatment of the long-range interactions. A statistical analysis of rotational populations of the Li2 product reveals a Poisson distribution implying the underlying classical dynamics are chaotic. The Poisson distribution is robust and amenable to experimental verification and appears to be a universal property of ultracold reactions involving alkali metal dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian K Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | | | - James F E Croft
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand and Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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18
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Huang J, Kendrick BK, Zhang DH. Mechanistic Insights into Ultracold Chemical Reactions under the Control of the Geometric Phase. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2160-2165. [PMID: 33626281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultracold chemical reactions involve collision temperatures approaching absolute zero, and for molecular systems that exhibit a barrierless and exoergic reaction path significant reactivity can occur. In addition, many molecules contain a conical intersection, and the associated geometric phase has been shown to significantly alter the outcome of ultracold reactions. Here we report a quantum dynamics study for the ultracold O + OH → H + O2 reaction. An analysis of the scattering wave functions reveals explicitly the nature of the quantum interference between the direct and looping reaction pathways around the conical intersection and thus illustrates how the reaction proceeds under the control of the geometric phase for the first time. The wave function analysis should generalize to other ultracold reactions that contain a conical intersection. Our findings indicate that quantum control techniques such as an optical lattice trap or the initial state orientation may be effective in controlling the reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Brian K Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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19
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Li J, Zhao B, Xie D, Guo H. Advances and New Challenges to Bimolecular Reaction Dynamics Theory. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8844-8860. [PMID: 32970441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics of bimolecular reactions in the gas phase are of foundational importance in combustion, atmospheric chemistry, interstellar chemistry, and plasma chemistry. These collision-induced chemical transformations are a sensitive probe of the underlying potential energy surface(s). Despite tremendous progress in past decades, our understanding is still not complete. In this Perspective, we survey the recent advances in theoretical characterization of bimolecular reaction dynamics, stimulated by new experimental observations, and identify key new challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Theoretische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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20
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Huang J, Zhang DH. An efficient way to incorporate the geometric phase in the time-dependent wave packet calculations in a diabatic representation. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:141102. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0028035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
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21
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Bossion D, Ndengué S, Meyer HD, Gatti F, Scribano Y. Theoretical investigation of the H + HD → D + H 2 chemical reaction for astrophysical applications: A state-to-state quasi-classical study. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:081102. [PMID: 32872883 DOI: 10.1063/5.0017697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a large set of state-to-state rate constants for the H + HD reactive collision, using Quasi-Classical Trajectory (QCT) simulations on the accurate H3 global potential energy surface of Mielke et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 4142 (2002)]. High relative collision energies (up to ≈56 000 K) and high rovibrational levels of HD (up to ≈50 000 K), relevant to various non thermal equilibrium astrophysical media, are considered. We have validated the accuracy of our QCT calculations with a new efficient adaptation of the Multi Configuration Time Dependent Hartree (MCTDH) method to compute the reaction probability of a specific reactive channel. Our study has revealed that the high temperature regime favors the production of H2 in its highly rovibrationnally excited states, which can de-excite radiatively (cooling the gas) or collisionally (heating the gas). Those new state-to-state QCT reaction rate constants represent a significant improvement in our understanding of the possible mechanisms leading to the destruction of HD by its collision with a H atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Bossion
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, UMR-CNRS 5299, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Steve Ndengué
- ICTP-East African Institute for Fundamental Research, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Hans-Dieter Meyer
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabien Gatti
- Institut de Sciences Moleculaires d'Orsay, UMR-CNRS 8214, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Yohann Scribano
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, UMR-CNRS 5299, 34095 Montpellier, France
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22
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Li M, Kłos J, Petrov A, Li H, Kotochigova S. Effects of conical intersections on hyperfine quenching of hydroxyl OH in collision with an ultracold Sr atom. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14130. [PMID: 32839529 PMCID: PMC7445183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of conical intersections (CIs) on electronic relaxation, transitions from excited states to ground states, is well studied, but their influence on hyperfine quenching in a reactant molecule is not known. Here, we report on ultracold collision dynamics of the hydroxyl free-radical OH with Sr atoms leading to quenching of OH hyperfine states. Our quantum-mechanical calculations of this process reveal that quenching is efficient due to anomalous molecular dynamics in the vicinity of the conical intersection at collinear geometry. We observe wide scattering resonance features in both elastic and inelastic rate coefficients at collision energies below \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$k_{\text {B}}\times 10 \, \hbox {mK}$$\end{document}kB×10mK. They are identified as either p- or d-wave shape resonances. We also describe the electronic potentials relevant for these non-reactive collisions, their diabatization procedure, as well as the non-adiabatic coupling between the diabatic potentials near the CIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Jacek Kłos
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.,Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Alexander Petrov
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.,NRC, Kurchatov Institute PNPI, Gatchina, Russia, 188300.,Division of Quantum Mechanics, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia, 199034
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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23
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Yuan D, Huang Y, Chen W, Zhao H, Yu S, Luo C, Tan Y, Wang S, Wang X, Sun Z, Yang X. Observation of the geometric phase effect in the H+HD→H 2+D reaction below the conical intersection. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3640. [PMID: 32686682 PMCID: PMC7371868 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that there is a conical intersection (CI) between the ground and first excited electronic state in the H3 system. Its associated geometric phase (GP) effect has been theoretically predicted to exist below the CI since a long time. However, the experimental evidence has not been established yet and its dynamical origin is waiting to be elucidated. Here we report a combined crossed molecular beam and quantum reactive scattering dynamics study of the H+HD → H2+D reaction at 2.28 eV, which is well below the CI. The GP effect is clearly identified by the observation of distinct oscillations in the differential cross section around the forward direction. Quantum dynamics theory reveals that the GP effect arises from the phase alteration of a small part of the wave function, which corresponds to an unusual roaming-like abstraction pathway, as revealed by quasi-classical trajectory calculations. The geometric phase effect associated with a conical intersection between the ground and first excited electronic state has been predicted in the H3 system below the conical intersection energy. The authors, by a crossed molecular beam technique and quantum dynamic calculations, provide experimental evidence and insight into its origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofu Yuan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hailin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, 311231, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yuxin Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xingan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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24
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Martens CC. Classical and nonclassical effects in surface hopping methodology for simulating coupled electronic-nuclear dynamics. Faraday Discuss 2020; 221:449-477. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the detailed quantum-classical behavior of two alternative approaches to simulating molecular dynamics with electronic transitions: the popular fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) method, introduced by Tully in 1990 [Tully, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 1061] and our recently developed quantum trajectory surface hopping (QTSH) method [Martens, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2019, 123, 1110].
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25
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Kendrick BK. Nonadiabatic Ultracold Quantum Reactive Scattering of Hydrogen with Vibrationally Excited HD( v = 5-9). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9919-9933. [PMID: 31647679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The results from electronically non-adiabatic and adiabatic quantum reactive scattering calculations are presented for the H + HD(v = 5-9) → H + HD(v', j') reaction at ultracold collision energies from 10 nK to 60 K. Several experimentally verifiable signatures of the geometric phase are reported in the total and vibrationally and rotationally resolved rate coefficients. Most notable is the predicted 2 orders of magnitude enhancement of the rotationally resolved ultracold rates of odd symmetry relative to those of even symmetry. Prominent shape resonances appear at higher collision energies (100 mK to 20 K), which could be measured experimentally. Significant geometric phase effects are also reported on the resonance energies and lifetimes. In particular, an enhancement (suppression) of the l = 1 (l = 2) shape resonances for HD(v = 5, 6) is predicted for even symmetry relative to those of odd symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian K Kendrick
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Group T-1, Mail Stop B221, Los Alamos , New Mexico 87544 , United States
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26
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Abstract
The role of the geometric phase effect in chemical reaction dynamics has long been a topic of active experimental and theoretical investigations. The topic has received renewed interest in recent years in cold and ultracold chemistry where it was shown to play a decisive role in state-to-state chemical dynamics. We provide a brief review of these developments focusing on recent studies of O + OH and hydrogen exchange in the H + H 2 and D + HD reactions at cold and ultracold temperatures. Non-adiabatic effects in ultracold chemical dynamics arising from the conical intersection between two electronic potential energy surfaces are also briefly discussed. By taking the hydrogen exchange reaction as an illustrative example it is shown that the inclusion of the geometric phase effect captures the essential features of non-adiabatic dynamics at collision energies below the conical intersection.
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27
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Shi HM, Guo GH, Sun ZG. Numerical convergence of the Sinc discrete variable representation for solving molecular vibrational states with a conical intersection in adiabatic representation. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1812275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-mei Shi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guang-hai Guo
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Zhi-gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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28
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Yarkony DR, Xie C, Zhu X, Wang Y, Malbon CL, Guo H. Diabatic and adiabatic representations: Electronic structure caveats. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Martens CC. Surface Hopping without Momentum Jumps: A Quantum-Trajectory-Based Approach to Nonadiabatic Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1110-1128. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig C. Martens
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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30
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Sun Z, Wang C, Zhao W, Yang C. Geometric phase effects on photodissociation dynamics of diatomics. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:224307. [PMID: 30553243 DOI: 10.1063/1.5052514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the geometric phase (GP) on photodissociation dynamics at a light-induced conical intersection (LICI) through exact quantum dynamical calculations. By taking the one-photon photodissociation of H 2 + ionic molecules as an example, we explored the conditions wherein the LICI associated GP affects dissociation dynamics. We found that GP leads to a phase shift between the angular distributions of GP included and GP excluded photofragments. This effect is more pronounced when the energy of the initial vibrational level is above the energy of the LICI point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chuanlu Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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31
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Zhao H, Hu X, Xie D, Sun Z. Quantum wavepacket method for state-to-state reactive cross sections in hyperspherical coordinates. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:174103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5042066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China and Center for Advanced Chemical Physics and 2011 Frontier Centre for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China and Center for Advanced Chemical Physics and 2011 Frontier Centre for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
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32
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Teplukhin A, Gayday I, Babikov D. Several levels of theory for description of isotope effects in ozone: Effect of resonance lifetimes and channel couplings. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:164302. [PMID: 30384731 DOI: 10.1063/1.5042590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, two levels of theory are developed to determine the role of scattering resonances in the process of ozone formation. At the lower theory level, we compute resonance lifetimes in the simplest possible way, by neglecting all couplings between the diabatic vibrational channels in the problem. This permits to determine the effect of "shape" resonances, trapped behind the centrifugal barrier and populated by quantum tunneling. At the next level of theory, we include couplings between the vibrational channels, which permits to determine the role of Feshbach resonances and interaction of different reaction pathways on the global PES of ozone. Pure shape resonances are found to contribute little to the overall recombination process since they occur rather infrequently in the spectrum, in the vicinity of the top of the centrifugal barrier only. Moreover, the associated isotope effects are found to disagree with experimental data. By contrast, Feshbach-type resonances are found to make dominant contribution to the process. They occur in a broader range of spectrum, and their density of states is much higher. The properties of Feshbach resonances are studied in detail. They explain the isotopic ζ -effect, giving theoretical prediction in good agreement with experiments for both singly and doubly substituted ozone molecules. Importantly, Feshbach resonances also contribute to the isotopic η -effect, moving theoretical predictions in the right direction. Some differences with experimental data remain, which indicates that there may be another additional source of the η -effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Teplukhin
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Wehr Chemistry Building, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, USA
| | - Igor Gayday
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Wehr Chemistry Building, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, USA
| | - Dmitri Babikov
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Wehr Chemistry Building, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, USA
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33
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Kendrick BK. Non-adiabatic quantum reactive scattering calculations for the ultracold hydrogen exchange reaction: H + H2(v=4-8,j=0) → H + H2(v′,j′). Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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34
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Leitner DM. Molecules and the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis. ENTROPY 2018; 20:e20090673. [PMID: 33265762 PMCID: PMC7513195 DOI: 10.3390/e20090673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We review a theory that predicts the onset of thermalization in a quantum mechanical coupled non-linear oscillator system, which models the vibrational degrees of freedom of a molecule. A system of N non-linear oscillators perturbed by cubic anharmonic interactions exhibits a many-body localization (MBL) transition in the vibrational state space (VSS) of the molecule. This transition can occur at rather high energy in a sizable molecule because the density of states coupled by cubic anharmonic terms scales as N3, in marked contrast to the total density of states, which scales as exp(aN), where a is a constant. The emergence of a MBL transition in the VSS is seen by analysis of a random matrix ensemble that captures the locality of coupling in the VSS, referred to as local random matrix theory (LRMT). Upon introducing higher order anharmonicity, the location of the MBL transition of even a sizable molecule, such as an organic molecule with tens of atoms, still lies at an energy that may exceed the energy to surmount a barrier to reaction, such as a barrier to conformational change. Illustrative calculations are provided, and some recent work on the influence of thermalization on thermal conduction in molecular junctions is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Leitner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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35
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Bouakline F. Unambiguous Signature of the Berry Phase in Intense Laser Dissociation of Diatomic Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:2271-2277. [PMID: 29649364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report strong evidence of Berry phase effects in intense laser dissociation of D2+ molecules, manifested as Aharonov-Bohm-like oscillations in the photofragment angular distribution (PAD). Our calculations show that this interference pattern strongly depends on the parity of the diatom initial rotational state, (-1) j. Indeed, the PAD local maxima (minima) observed in one case ( j odd) correspond to local minima (maxima) in the other case ( j even). Using simple topological arguments, we clearly show that such interference conversion is a direct signature of the Berry phase. The sole effect of the latter on the rovibrational wave function is a sign change of the relative phase between two interfering components, which wind in opposite senses around a light-induced conical intersection (LICI). Therefore, encirclement of the LICI leads to constructive ( j odd) or destructive ( j even) self-interference of the initial nuclear wavepacket in the dissociative limit. To corroborate our theoretical findings, we suggest an experiment of strong-field indirect dissociation of D2+ molecules, comparing the PAD of the ortho and para molecular species in directions nearly perpendicular to the laser polarization axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foudhil Bouakline
- Institut für Chemie , Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 , D-14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
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36
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Zuo JX, Hu XX, Xie DQ. Quantum Dynamics of Oxyhydrogen Complex-Forming Reactions for the HO2 and HO3 Systems. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/31/cjcp1804060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-xiang Zuo
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xi-xi Hu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dai-qian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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37
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Kendrick BK. Non-adiabatic quantum reactive scattering in hyperspherical coordinates. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:044116. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5014989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian K. Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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38
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Xie C, Guo H. Photodissociation of phenol via nonadiabatic tunneling: Comparison of two ab initio based potential energy surfaces. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Croft JFE, Hazra J, Balakrishnan N, Kendrick BK. Symmetry and the geometric phase in ultracold hydrogen-exchange reactions. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:074302. [PMID: 28830160 DOI: 10.1063/1.4998226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum reactive scattering calculations are reported for the ultracold hydrogen-exchange reaction and its non-reactive atom-exchange isotopic counterparts, proceeding from excited rotational states. It is shown that while the geometric phase (GP) does not necessarily control the reaction to all final states, one can always find final states where it does. For the isotopic counterpart reactions, these states can be used to make a measurement of the GP effect by separately measuring the even and odd symmetry contributions, which experimentally requires nuclear-spin final-state resolution. This follows from symmetry considerations that make the even and odd identical-particle exchange symmetry wavefunctions which include the GP locally equivalent to the opposite symmetry wavefunctions which do not. It is shown how this equivalence can be used to define a constant which quantifies the GP effect and can be obtained solely from experimentally observable rates. This equivalence reflects the important role that discrete symmetries play in ultracold chemistry and highlights the key role that ultracold reactions can play in understanding fundamental aspects of chemical reactivity more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F E Croft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - J Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - N Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - B K Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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40
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Li J, Joubert-Doriol L, Izmaylov AF. Geometric phase effects in excited state dynamics through a conical intersection in large molecules: N-dimensional linear vibronic coupling model study. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:064106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4985925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaru Li
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Loïc Joubert-Doriol
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Artur F. Izmaylov
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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41
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Xie C, Malbon CL, Yarkony DR, Guo H. Dynamic mapping of conical intersection seams: A general method for incorporating the geometric phase in adiabatic dynamics in polyatomic systems. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:044109. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4990002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Changjian Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | | | - David R. Yarkony
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
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42
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Croft JFE, Makrides C, Li M, Petrov A, Kendrick BK, Balakrishnan N, Kotochigova S. Universality and chaoticity in ultracold K+KRb chemical reactions. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15897. [PMID: 28722014 PMCID: PMC5524979 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental question in the study of chemical reactions is how reactions proceed at a collision energy close to absolute zero. This question is no longer hypothetical: quantum degenerate gases of atoms and molecules can now be created at temperatures lower than a few tens of nanokelvin. Here we consider the benchmark ultracold reaction between, the most-celebrated ultracold molecule, KRb and K. We map out an accurate ab initio ground-state potential energy surface of the K2Rb complex in full dimensionality and report numerically-exact quantum-mechanical reaction dynamics. The distribution of rotationally resolved rates is shown to be Poissonian. An analysis of the hyperspherical adiabatic potential curves explains this statistical character revealing a chaotic distribution for the short-range collision complex that plays a key role in governing the reaction outcome. Studying chemical reactions near zero temperature in detail is challenging both in theory and practice. Here the authors report an explicit quantum mechanical study of the benchmark ultracold reaction between a K atom and a KRb molecule, important for future controlled chemistry experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F E Croft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - C Makrides
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Li
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A Petrov
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.,NRC 'Kurchatov Institute' PNPI, Gatchina, Leningrad District 188300 Russia.,Division of Quantum Mechanics, St Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - B K Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - S Kotochigova
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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43
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Ryabinkin IG, Joubert-Doriol L, Izmaylov AF. Geometric Phase Effects in Nonadiabatic Dynamics near Conical Intersections. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:1785-1793. [PMID: 28665584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical consideration that goes beyond the common Born-Oppenheimer approximation (BOA) becomes necessary when energy differences between electronic potential energy surfaces become small or vanish. One of the typical scenarios of the BOA breakdown in molecules beyond diatomics is a conical intersection (CI) of electronic potential energy surfaces. CIs provide an efficient mechanism for radiationless electronic transitions: acting as "funnels" for the nuclear wave function, they enable rapid conversion of the excessive electronic energy into the nuclear motion. In addition, CIs introduce nontrivial geometric phases (GPs) for both electronic and nuclear wave functions. These phases manifest themselves in change of the wave function signs if one considers an evolution of the system around the CI. This sign change is independent of the shape of the encircling contour and thus has a topological character. How these extra phases affect nonadiabatic dynamics is the main question that is addressed in this Account. We start by considering the simplest model providing the CI topology: two-dimensional two-state linear vibronic coupling model. Selecting this model instead of a real molecule has the advantage that various dynamical regimes can be easily modeled in the model by varying parameters, whereas any fixed molecule provides the system specific behavior that may not be very illustrative. After demonstrating when GP effects are important and how they modify the dynamics for two sets of initial conditions (starting from the ground and excited electronic states), we give examples of molecular systems where the described GP effects are crucial for adequate description of nonadiabatic dynamics. Interestingly, although the GP has a topological character, the extent to which accounting for GPs affect nuclear dynamics profoundly depends on topography of potential energy surfaces. Understanding an extent of changes introduced by the GP in chemical dynamics poses a problem of capturing GP effects by approximate methods of simulating nonadiabatic dynamics that can go beyond simple models. We assess the performance of both fully quantum (wave packet dynamics) and quantum-classical (surface-hopping, Ehrenfest, and quantum-classical Liouville equation) approaches in various cases where GP effects are important. It has been identified that the key to success in approximate methods is a method organization that prevents the quantum nuclear kinetic energy operator to act directly on adiabatic electronic wave functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya G. Ryabinkin
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical
Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Loïc Joubert-Doriol
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical
Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Artur F. Izmaylov
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical
Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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44
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Xie C, Kendrick BK, Yarkony DR, Guo H. Constructive and Destructive Interference in Nonadiabatic Tunneling via Conical Intersections. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:1902-1910. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changjian Xie
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Brian K. Kendrick
- Theoretical
Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - David R. Yarkony
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hua Guo
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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45
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Joubert-Doriol L, Sivasubramanium J, Ryabinkin IG, Izmaylov AF. Topologically Correct Quantum Nonadiabatic Formalism for On-the-Fly Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:452-456. [PMID: 28036173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
On-the-fly quantum nonadiabatic dynamics for large systems greatly benefits from the adiabatic representation readily available from electronic structure programs. However, conical intersections frequently occurring in this representation introduce nontrivial geometric or Berry phases which require a special treatment for adequate modeling of the nuclear dynamics. We analyze two approaches for nonadiabatic dynamics using the time-dependent variational principle and the adiabatic representation. The first approach employs adiabatic electronic functions with global parametric dependence on the nuclear coordinates. The second approach uses adiabatic electronic functions obtained only at the centers of moving localized nuclear basis functions (e.g., frozen-width Gaussians). Unless a gauge transformation is used to enforce single-valued boundary conditions, the first approach fails to capture the geometric phase. In contrast, the second approach accounts for the geometric phase naturally because of the absence of the global nuclear coordinate dependence in the electronic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Joubert-Doriol
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Janakan Sivasubramanium
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Ilya G Ryabinkin
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Artur F Izmaylov
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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46
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Wu Y, Zhang C, Ma H. Ab initio conical intersections for the Si( 1D) + H 2 reaction system: a lowest five singlet states study. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conical intersections and geometric phase effects of the Si(1D) + H2 system were clarified intuitively, and important features of them are revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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47
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Kendrick BK, Hazra J, Balakrishnan N. Geometric phase effects in the ultracold H + H2reaction. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:164303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4966037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. K. Kendrick
- Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Jisha Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - N. Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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48
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Balakrishnan N. Perspective: Ultracold molecules and the dawn of cold controlled chemistry. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:150901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4964096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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49
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Izmaylov AF, Li J, Joubert-Doriol L. Diabatic Definition of Geometric Phase Effects. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:5278-5283. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur F. Izmaylov
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical
Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jiaru Li
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Loïc Joubert-Doriol
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Chemical
Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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50
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Niederprüm T, Thomas O, Eichert T, Lippe C, Pérez-Ríos J, Greene CH, Ott H. Observation of pendular butterfly Rydberg molecules. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12820. [PMID: 27703143 PMCID: PMC5059458 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering molecules with a tunable bond length and defined quantum states lies at the heart of quantum chemistry. The unconventional binding mechanism of Rydberg molecules makes them a promising candidate to implement such tunable molecules. A very peculiar type of Rydberg molecules are the so-called butterfly molecules, which are bound by a shape resonance in the electron-perturber scattering. Here we report the observation of these exotic molecules and employ their exceptional properties to engineer their bond length, vibrational state, angular momentum and orientation in a small electric field. Combining the variable bond length with their giant dipole moment of several hundred Debye, we observe counter-intuitive molecules which locate the average electron position beyond the internuclear distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Niederprüm
- Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Oliver Thomas
- Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanita Eichert
- Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Carsten Lippe
- Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jesús Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Chris H. Greene
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Herwig Ott
- Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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