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de Paz-Lugo P, Lupiáñez JA, Sicilia J, Meléndez-Hevia E. Control analysis of collagen synthesis by glycine, proline and lysine in bovine chondrocytes in vitro - Its relevance for medicine and nutrition. Biosystems 2023; 232:105004. [PMID: 37598999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Collagen synthesis is severely diminished in osteoarthritis; thus, enhancing it may help the regeneration of cartilage. Collagen synthesis is submitted to a large procollagen cycle where the greater part of the newly synthesized protein is degraded inside the cell producing a huge waste of material and energy. We have applied the Metabolic Control Analysis approach to study the control of collagen synthesis flux by means of the response coefficients of the flux with respect to glycine, proline and lysine. Our results show that the main cause of the procollagen cycle is a protein misfolding mainly due to glycine scarcity, as well as a moderate deficiency of proline and lysine for collagen synthesis. Thus, increasing these amino acids in the diet (especially glycine) may well be a strategy for helping cartilage regeneration by enhancing collagen synthesis and reducing its huge waste in the procollagen cycle; this possibly contributes to the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de Paz-Lugo
- Instituto del Metabolismo Celular, Calle Manuel de Falla nº15, La Laguna, 38208, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Lupiáñez
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda. Fuentenueva nº 1, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Sicilia
- Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Matemáticas, Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, S/n. La Laguna, 38206, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - Enrique Meléndez-Hevia
- Instituto del Metabolismo Celular, Calle Manuel de Falla nº15, La Laguna, 38208, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
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2
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Minematsu T, Nakagami G, Yamamoto Y, Kanazawa T, Huang L, Koyanagi H, Sasaki S, Uchida G, Fujita H, Haga N, Yoshimura K, Nagase T, Sanada H. Wound blotting: A convenient biochemical assessment tool for protein components in exudate of chronic wounds. Wound Repair Regen 2013; 21:329-34. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Minematsu
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Gojiro Nakagami
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Yuko Yamamoto
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Toshiki Kanazawa
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Hiroe Koyanagi
- Department of Nursing; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Sanae Sasaki
- Department of Nursing; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Gentaro Uchida
- Department of Plastic Surgery; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Hideki Fujita
- Department of Dermatology; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Haga
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Kotaro Yoshimura
- Department of Plastic Surgery; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Takashi Nagase
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Hiromi Sanada
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo; Japan
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3
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Kawasaki T. Microheterogeneous Collagen Model on the Basis of a Chromatographic Study on Hydroxyapatite Columns. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01496398208068550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Martin GR, Byers PH, Piez KA. Procollagen. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 42:167-91. [PMID: 1093363 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122877.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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5
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Biosynthesis of type I procollagen. Characterization of the distribution of chain sizes and extent of hydroxylation of polysome-associated pro-alpha-chains. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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6
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Asghar A, Henrickson RL. Chemical, biochemical, functional, and nutritional characteristics of collagen in food systems. ADVANCES IN FOOD RESEARCH 1982; 28:231-372. [PMID: 6762058 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2628(08)60113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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7
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Hollister DW, Byers PH, Holbrook KA. Genetic disorders of collagen metabolism. ADVANCES IN HUMAN GENETICS 1982; 12:1-87. [PMID: 6812396 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8315-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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8
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Meza L, Vera JC, Mellado W, Concha I. Isoacceptor glycine tRNA species during bovine myocardium development. EXPERIENTIA 1981; 37:354-6. [PMID: 7238807 DOI: 10.1007/bf01959859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The isoacceptor patterns of glycyl-tRNAs from fetal bovine myocardium during development, and of adult cardiac muscle, have been studied by reverse-phase chromatography. 4 isospecies were detected and quantitative changes in their relative abundance were noted. Moreover, upon testing their efficiency in transferring glycine into polypeptides a differential utilization of the cognate tRNAs was observed.
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9
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Harwood R. Collagen polymorphism and messenger RNA. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE RESEARCH 1979; 8:159-226. [PMID: 389858 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-363708-6.50011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Kimura JH, Caplan AI. Identification of glycogen as the major xylose acceptor in polysomal preparations from chick embryo cartilage cultures. Arch Biochem Biophys 1978; 191:687-97. [PMID: 570373 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(78)90408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Haralson M, Sonneborn J, Mitchell W. Chinese hamster lung cell polysomes direct the synthesis of a single molecular weight species of procollagen alpha chains. J Biol Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)30408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Haralson MA, Frey KL, Mitchell WM. Collagen biosynthesis by cultured Chinese hamster lung cells. Cell-free synthesis of procollagen alpha chains. Biochemistry 1978; 17:864-8. [PMID: 204330 DOI: 10.1021/bi00598a018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell-free extracts from the HTl clone of cultured Chinese hamster lung cells efficiently promote the incorporation of proline into newly synthesized material, 50% of which is digestible to small peptides by highly purified bacterial collagenase. The synthesis of the these products occurs under optimal protein synthesis conditions and is inhibited by puromycin. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the cell-free synthesized material reveals a major collagenase sensitive peak (20% of the total product) at mol wt 165 000 which is reflected by a collagenase sensitive material of similar size in the culture medium. Two additional collagenase digestible species (mol wt 95000 and 65000), each having a corresponding secreted product, are generated by the cell-free system. These results are consistent with the concept that procollagen is formed by the association of three individually translated pro alphachains. The data further constitute the report of a highly active homologous cell-free system capable of pro alpha chain biosynthesis derived from a cultured cell line that is a practical source for pro alphachain biosynthesis derived from a cultured cell line that is a practical source for proalpha chain mRNA as well as a unique system for elucidating regulatory mechanisms involved in collagen biosynthesis.
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Diaz de Leon L, Paglia L, Breitkreutz D, Stern R. Evidence that the messenger RNA for collagen is monocistronic. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977; 77:11-9. [PMID: 883968 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(77)80158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Carpousis A, Christner P, Rosenbloom J. Preferential usage of glycyl-tRNA isoaccepting species in collagen synthesis. J Biol Chem 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)40575-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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16
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Koch F, Pawlowski PJ, Lukens LN. Inhibition of collagen synthesis in cultured cells by hypertonic culture medium. Arch Biochem Biophys 1977; 178:373-80. [PMID: 556926 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(77)90206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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18
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Traut TW, Petruska JA. Protein synthesis in homologous and heterologous cell-free systems from chick embryo connective tissues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 418:73-80. [PMID: 173396 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(76)90328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two homologous systems for cell-free protein synthesis from chick embryo connective tissues are described. Both the skin polysomes and the wing-leg polysomes are active in collagen synthesis, but they have different requirements for optimum protein synthesis. Protein synthesis was not dependent on tissue-specific factors, since heterologous preparations of supernatant enzymes or initiation factors were able to stimulate maximum protein synthesis with each fraction of polysomes.
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19
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Zeichner M, Rojkind M. RNA biosynthesis in the chick embryo during development and its relation to collagen synthesis. Connect Tissue Res 1976; 4:169-75. [PMID: 134868 DOI: 10.3109/03008207609152215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A study of RNA synthesis in the legs and wings of chick embryos suggests synthesis of specific RNA's as a function of development. An increase in RNA at day 10 was followed by an increase in collagen synthesis. That RNA had a sedimentation coefficient of 23S and several of the characteristics of mRNA. Thus it appeared to contain a poly A sequence since it was retained on poly U coated-filters, it was not methylated, and its synthesis was not inhibited by low doses of actinomycin D. That RNA was found able to direct protein synthesis in a cell-free system derived from wheat germ. In the presence of that RNA, a small amount of protein was synthesized that migrated in acrylamide gel electrophoresis with the alpha chains of collagen and was partially digested by bacterial collagenase.
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20
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Vuust J. Procollagen biosynthesis by embryonic-chick-bone polysomes. Estimation of the relative numbers of active proalpha1 and proalpha2 messenger ribonucleic acids. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 60:41-50. [PMID: 173541 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb20973.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Both total polysomes and polysomes of different size classes isolated from embryonic chick cranial bones were allowed to complete their nascent polypeptide chains in a cell-free system containing rabbit reticulocyte post-ribosomal supernatant fraction. In this system, no de novo initiation of polypeptide synthesis occurred. The product was analysed for relative content of proalpha1 and proalpha2, the precursors of the alpha chains of collagen, by dodecylsulphate-acrylamide gel electrophoresis as well as by paper electrophoresis following tryptic digestion. The results showed that the products of polysome protein synthesis contained proalpha1 and proalpha2 in the 2:1 ratio in which the corresponding alpha chains are present in native collagen, and that proalpha1 and proalpha2 synthesising polysomes are of the same size. These findings, in conjunction with results from a previous report (Vuust, J. and Piez, K.A. (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 856-862) suggest that active messenger ribonucleic acids for the proalpha1 and proalpha2 chains, respectively, are present in the cells in a ratio of 2:1, and that the rates of initiation, elongation, termination and release from polysomes are all identical for the two chains.
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21
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Collins JF, Crystal RG. Characterization of cell-free synthesis of collagen by lung polysomes in a heterologous system. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)40949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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22
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Wang L, Simões CL, Sonohara S, Brentani M, Andrade HF, da Silva SM, Salles JM, Marques N, Brentani R. Isolation and characterization of collagen messenger RNA*. Nucleic Acids Res 1975; 2:655-66. [PMID: 1144059 PMCID: PMC343618 DOI: 10.1093/nar/2.5.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chick embryo collagen-synthesizing polysomes were isolated by differential centrifugation. RNA extracted from these particles was chromatographed in oligo(dT)-cellulose solumns and the mRNA thus obtained characterized as collagen mRNA by its electrophoetical mobility in acrylamide gels (equivalent to 1.05 x 10-6 daltons) and its effect upon a cell-free system derived from Krebs ascites tumor cells. The incorporation of 3H-proline was markedly dependent upon rabbit reticulocyte initiation factors and inhibited by initiation inhibitors such as aurintricaboxilate and pyrocatechol violet. The incorporation product was characterized as collagen by its lack of tryptophan, digestibility by purified bacterial collagenase, and by its co-chromatography with unlabled chick collagen in Sephadex G-200 and CM-cellulose columns.
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23
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Harwood R, Bhalla AK, Grant ME, Jackson DS. The synthesis and secretion of cartilage procollagen. Biochem J 1975; 148:129-38. [PMID: 1156392 PMCID: PMC1165513 DOI: 10.1042/bj1480129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
1. Isolation of free and membrane-bound ribosomes from embryonic chick sternal-cartilage cells labelled for 4min with [14C]proline and their subsequent analysis for hydroxy[14C]proline indicated that cartilage procollagen biosynthesis occurs on bound ribosomes. 2. Nascent procollagen polypeptides on bound ribosomes isolated from cells labelled with [14C]lysine were found to contain hydroxy[14C]lysine indicating that hydroxylation of lysine commences while the growing chains are still attached to the ribosomes. 3. Analysis of bound ribosomes labelled with either [14C]proline or [14C]lysine on sucrose density gradients indicated that cartilage procollagen is synthesized on large polyribosomes in the range 250-400S. 4. Microsomal preparations isolated from cells pulse-labelled for 4 min with [14C]proline were used to determine the direction of release of nascent procollagen polypeptides. Puromycin induced the vectorial release of nascent procollagen polypeptides into the microsomal vesicles suggesting that the first step in the secretion of procollagen polypeptides is their transfer from the ribosomes through the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum into the cisternal space. 5. The procollagen polypeptides secreted by cartilage cells were shown to be linked by inter-chain disulphide bonds. 6. Examination of the state of aggregation of pro-alpha chains in subcellular fractions isolated from cartilage cells labelled with [14C]proline for various periods of time have provided data on the timing and location of inter-chain disulphide-bond formation. This process commences in the rough endoplasmic reticulum after the release of completed pro-alpha chains from membrane-bound ribosomes. Pro-alpha chains isolated from fractions of smooth endoplasmic reticulum were virtually all present as disulphide-bonded aggregates, suggesting that either disulphide bonding is completed in this cellular compartment, or that procollagen needs to be in a disulphide-bonded form to be transferred to this region of the endoplasmic reticulum. 7. Comparison of these results with previously published data on disulphide bonding in tendon cells suggest that the rate of inter-chain disulphide-bond formation is significantly slower in cartilage cells.
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24
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Identification and purification of collagen-synthesizing polysomes with anti-collagen antibodies. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41692-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Boedtker H, Crkvenjakov RB, Last JA, Doty P. The identification of collagen messenger RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974; 71:4208-12. [PMID: 4530295 PMCID: PMC434359 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.10.4208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA isolated from calvaria of 16- to 18- day-old chick embryos, assayed in rabbit reticulocyte lysates, programs the synthesis of a collagenase-sensitive protein with the molecular weight of collagen pro-alpha-chains. When RNA labeled with [(3)H]uridine for 2 hr and chased for 1 or 2 hr was electrophoresed on aqueous polyacrylamide gels, most of the radioactivity not in 28S or 18S rRNA migrated with an apparent molecular weight of about 1,800,000. After oligo(dT)-cellulose chromotography and analysis in 99% formamide gels, this nonribosomal, rapidly labeled calvaria RNA species migrates at 28S-30S and thus has a molecular weight of at least 1,600,000. Both the ability to program the synthesis of collagenase-sensitive protein in reticulocyte lysates and the presence of a single prominent rapidly labeled 30S peak in acrylamide gels strongly support the deduction that there is only one major mRNA species in calvaria and that this species is collagen messenger RNA.
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27
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Harwood R, Grant ME, Jackson DS. Influence of ascorbic acid on ribosomal patterns and collagen biosynthesis in healing wounds of scorbutic guinea pigs. Biochem J 1974; 142:641-51. [PMID: 4464846 PMCID: PMC1168330 DOI: 10.1042/bj1420641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Scorbutic guinea pigs were wounded and the influence of administering ascorbic acid 6 days later was studied with respect to cellular morphology, ribosomal distribution and protein synthesis. Electron-microscopic studies revealed that the dilated endoplasmic reticulum observed in the fibroblasts of scorbutic wound tissue had reverted to a normal configuration 24h after intraperitoneal injection of 100mg of ascorbate. Quantitative determination of the distribution of free and membrane-bound ribosomes indicated a significant increase in membrane-bound ribosomes in wound tissue from ascorbate-supplemented (recovery) animals. Sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation indicated a significant increase in the proportion of large membrane-bound polyribosomes in the range 300-350S and a concomitant decrease in 80S monoribosomes in the ribosome sedimentation profile of recovery tissue. Determination of the synthesis of non-diffusible [(3)H]hydroxyproline in scorbutic and recovery wounds showed a 3-4-fold stimulation in peptidyl-proline hydroxylation in recovery tissues. Studies carried out in which scorbutic and recovery tissues were incubated with [(14)C]leucine indicated that general protein synthesis, as measured by (14)C incorporated into non-diffusible material/mug of DNA, was unaltered by ascorbate supplementation. Similar studies of [(3)H]proline incorporation suggested that in recovery tissues there was a small but significant increase in [(3)H]proline incorporated/mug of DNA, which probably represents an increase in protocollagen synthesis. This observation correlates well with the increase seen in recovery tissues of large polyribosomes on which collagen precursor polypeptides are known to be synthesized. Preliminary characterization of the repair collagen synthesized by recovery animals showed it to be a typical Type I collagen having the chain composition (alpha(1))(2)alpha(2). The extent of glycosylation of the hydroxylysine of the newly synthesized collagen was greater than that reported for either normal guinea-pig dermal collagen or dermal scar collagen.
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28
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Kerwar SS. Studies on the nature of procollagen synthesized by chick embryo polysomes. Arch Biochem Biophys 1974; 163:609-13. [PMID: 4472329 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(74)90520-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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29
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Prichard PM, Staton GW, Cutroneo KR. In vitro synthesis of collagen peptides on fetal and neonatal rat skin polysomes by rabbit reticulocyte initiation factors. Arch Biochem Biophys 1974; 163:178-84. [PMID: 4852385 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(74)90467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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30
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Harwood R, Connolly AD, Grant ME, Jackson DS. Presumptive mRNA for procollagen: occurrence in membrane bound ribosomes of embryonic chick tendon fibroblasts. FEBS Lett 1974; 41:85-8. [PMID: 4859449 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80960-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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31
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Kohn LD, Isersky C, Zupnik J, Lenaers A, Lee G, Lapiére CM. Calf tendon procollagen peptidase: its purification and endopeptidase mode of action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974; 71:40-4. [PMID: 4204204 PMCID: PMC387927 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The procollagen peptidase activity of calf tendon has been purified. The enzyme has a high degree of specificity for native procollagen and converts both pro alpha1 and alpha2, to alpha1 and alpha2, respectively. The purified enzyme is an endopeptidase which excises the amino terminal peptide extensions of the precursor chains in block; the molecular size and amino-acid composition of the excised peptides compare favorably with those predicted in previous reports. Antisera to the enzyme and to procollagen have been prepared and have been used to characterize the enzyme, the enzymatically excised peptides, and the enzyme-peptide complex in reaction mixtures.
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32
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Burns TM, Spears CL, Kerwar S. Further studies on the cell-free synthesis of procollagen-collagen by chick embryo polysomes. Arch Biochem Biophys 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(73)90530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Benveniste K, Wilczek J, Stern R. Translation of collagen mRNA from chick embryo calvaria in a cell-free system derived from Krebs II ascites cells. Nature 1973; 246:303-5. [PMID: 4362725 DOI: 10.1038/246303b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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34
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Diegelmann RF, Bernstein L, Peterkofsky B. Cell-free Collagen Synthesis on Membrane-bound Polysomes of Chick Embryo Connective Tissue and the Localization of Prolyl Hydroxylase on the Polysome-Membrane Complex. J Biol Chem 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)43474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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35
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Kerwar SS, Cardinale GJ, Kohn LD, Spears CL, Stassen FL. Cell-free synthesis of procollagen: L-929 fibroblasts as a cellular model for dermatosparaxis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1973; 70:1378-82. [PMID: 4351174 PMCID: PMC433501 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.70.5.1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A cell-free system that actively synthesizes collagen was prepared from L-929 fibroblasts. Chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques were used to demonstrate that the only collagenous products are pro alpha(1) and pro alpha(2) chains. The collagen synthesized by the cell-free system was also compared to the collagen extracted from the cells. The cellular collagen was composed of aggregates of pro-alpha chains, while no alpha chains were found. Procollagen peptidase activity could not be detected in the cells, and the activity present in the medium was low, comparable to that in dermatosparaxic cell cultures. These properties indicate that L-929 cells may be a model system for dermatosparaxis.
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36
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Smith BD, Byers PH, Martin GR. Production of procollagen by human fibroblasts in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1972; 69:3260-2. [PMID: 4508318 PMCID: PMC389749 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.69.11.3260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Three hydroxyproline-containing proteins secreted into the medium by human fibroblasts in culture were isolated and characterized. A minor fraction was identical to the collagen monomer. The major fraction was a form of procollagen, which contained, in addition to pro alpha and alpha chains, a component estimated to have a molecular weight of 250,000. This component was a dimer of pro alpha chains joined by disulfide bonds. The third fraction, much lower in hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine content, was of still greater size. Pro alpha chains were released upon denaturation and reduction, indicating that this fraction may contain pro alpha chains linked by disulfide bonds to noncollagenous material.
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Veis A, Anesey JR, Garvin JE, Dimuzio MT. High molecular weight collagen: a long-lived intermediate in the biogenesis of collagen fibrils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 48:1404-11. [PMID: 5077827 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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38
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Kerwar SS, Kohn LD, Lapiere CM, Weissbach H. In vitro synthesis of procollagen on polysomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1972; 69:2727-31. [PMID: 4341706 PMCID: PMC427026 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.69.9.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The major collagenous products synthesized in a cell-free polysome preparation are pro-alpha1 and pro-alpha2, formed in a ratio of 2:1. They are the precursor forms of alpha1 and alpha2 chains of normal connective-tissue collagen that are also formed in small amounts. A procollagen peptidase activity has been demonstrated in the supernatant fraction that can account for the formation of alpha1 and alpha2 chains from their precursors. The polysomal system is activated by a salt extract of reticulocyte ribosomes and is inhibited by aurintricarboxylic acid, suggesting that the polysomes are able to initiate protein synthesis.
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Ward RL, Shatkin AJ. Association of reovirus mRNA with viral proteins: a possible mechanism for linking the genome segments. Arch Biochem Biophys 1972; 152:378-84. [PMID: 4627357 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90227-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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40
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Nigra TP, Friedland M, Martin GR. Controls of connective tissue synthesis: collagen metabolism. J Invest Dermatol 1972; 59:44-9. [PMID: 4339132 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12625755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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41
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Diegelmann RF, Peterkofsky B. Collagen biosynthesis during connective tissue development in chick embryo. Dev Biol 1972; 28:443-53. [PMID: 4339519 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(72)90028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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42
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Abstract
Reaction mixtures containing cytoplasmic extracts and ribosomal fractions prepared from KB cells infected with type 5 adenovirus were able to carry out incorporation of amino acids into protein. The in vitro product included proteins which reacted specifically with antisera to adenovirus capsid proteins; in control experiments with extracts from uninfected cells, no reactions with the antisera were found. The viral proteins were synthesized in vitro on small polyribosomes, were released from them, and significant numbers of the free polypeptides were assembled in vitro into multimeric adenovirus capsid structures.
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Bornstein P, von der Mark K, Wyke AW, Ehrlich HP, Monson JM. Characterization of the Pro-α1 Chain of Procollagen. J Biol Chem 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)45282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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44
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Ward R, Banerjee AK, LaFiandra A, Shatkin AJ. Reovirus-specific ribonucleic acid from polysomes of infected L cells. J Virol 1972; 9:61-9. [PMID: 5061989 PMCID: PMC356262 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.9.1.61-69.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysomes from reovirus-infected L cells were analyzed. Although all 10 transcription products of the viral genome were represented in polysomes and presumably can be translated, fewer than 10 reovirus-specific polypeptides were detected in infected cells. The 5'-terminal sequence of all species of reovirus ribonucleic acid (RNA) from polysomes was ppGpYp, as previously found for the genome double-stranded RNA and the in vitro single-stranded products of the virion-associated RNA polymerase. RNA isolated from both heavy (>30 ribosomes) and light (5 to 8 ribosomes) polysomes includes similar amounts of large, medium, and small classes of reovirus single-stranded RNA, suggesting that linkage of the genome segments observed in virions may occur at the single-strand stage of RNA replication.
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