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Mattio LM, Catinella G, Pinto A, Dallavalle S. Natural and nature-inspired stilbenoids as antiviral agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112541. [PMID: 32652408 PMCID: PMC7335248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Viruses continue to be a major threat to human health. In the last century, pandemics occurred and resulted in significant mortality and morbidity. Natural products have been largely screened as source of inspiration for new antiviral agents. Within the huge class of plant secondary metabolites, resveratrol-derived stilbenoids present a wide structural diversity and mediate a great number of biological responses relevant for human health. However, whilst the antiviral activity of resveratrol has been extensively studied, little is known about the efficacy of its monomeric and oligomeric derivatives. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the achievements in this field, with particular emphasis on the source, chemical structures and the mechanism of action of resveratrol-derived stilbenoids against the most challenging viruses. The collected results highlight the therapeutic versatility of stilbene-containing compounds and provide a prospective insight into their potential development as antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luce M Mattio
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgia Catinella
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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Olmedo DA, López-Pérez JL, Del Olmo E, Bedoya LM, Sancho R, Alcamí J, Muñoz E, Feliciano AS, Gupta MP. Neoflavonoids as Inhibitors of HIV-1 Replication by Targeting the Tat and NF-κB Pathways. Molecules 2017; 22:E321. [PMID: 28218730 PMCID: PMC6155902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-eight neoflavonoids have been prepared and evaluated in vitro against HIV-1. Antiviral activity was assessed on MT-2 cells infected with viral clones carrying the luciferase reporter gene. Inhibition of HIV transcription and Tat function were tested on cells stably transfected with the HIV-LTR and Tat protein. Seven 4-phenylchromen-2-one derivatives showed HIV transcriptional inhibitory activity but only the phenylchrome-2-one 10 inhibited NF-κB and displayed anti-Tat activity simultaneously. Compounds 10, 14, and 25, inhibited HIV replication in both targets at concentrations <25 μM. The assays of these synthetic 4-phenylchromen-2-ones may aid in the investigation of some aspects of the anti-HIV activity of such compounds and could serve as a scaffold for designing better anti-HIV compounds, which may lead to a potential anti-HIV therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionisio A Olmedo
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Area, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salamanca, Faculty of Pharmacy, CIETUS, IBSAL, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - José Luis López-Pérez
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Area, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salamanca, Faculty of Pharmacy, CIETUS, IBSAL, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Esther Del Olmo
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Area, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salamanca, Faculty of Pharmacy, CIETUS, IBSAL, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Luis M Bedoya
- National Centre of Microbiology, Institute Carlos III, Crt. Majadahonda a Pozuelo, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Complutense University. Pz. Ramón Y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rocío Sancho
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Faculty of Medicine Avda de Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - José Alcamí
- National Centre of Microbiology, Institute Carlos III, Crt. Majadahonda a Pozuelo, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Faculty of Medicine Avda de Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Area, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salamanca, Faculty of Pharmacy, CIETUS, IBSAL, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Mahabir P Gupta
- CIFLORPAN, Center for Pharmacognostic Research on Panamanian Flora, College of Pharmacy, University of Panama, P.O. Box 0824-00172 Panama, Panama.
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3-Phenylcoumarins as inhibitors of HIV-1 replication. Molecules 2012; 17:9245-57. [PMID: 22858844 PMCID: PMC6268528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17089245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized fourteen 3-phenylcoumarin derivatives and evaluated their anti-HIV activity. Antiviral activity was assessed on MT-2 cells infected with viral clones carrying the luciferase gene as reporter. Inhibition of HIV transcription and Tat function were tested on cells stably transfected with the HIV-LTR and Tat protein. Six compounds displayed NF-κB inhibition, four resulted Tat antagonists and three of them showed both activities. Three compounds inhibited HIV replication with IC₅₀ values < 25 µM. The antiviral effect of the 4-hydroxycoumarin derivative 19 correlates with its specific inhibition of Tat functions, while compound 8, 3-(2-chlorophenyl)coumarin, seems to act through a mechanism unrelated to the molecular targets considered in this research.
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Bedoya LM, del Olmo E, Sancho R, Barboza B, Beltrán M, García-Cadenas AE, Sánchez-Palomino S, López-Pérez JL, Muñoz E, San Feliciano A, Alcamí J. Anti-HIV activity of stilbene-related heterocyclic compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4075-9. [PMID: 16713260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2006] [Revised: 04/27/2006] [Accepted: 04/28/2006] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Viral transcription has not been routinely targeted in the development of new antiviral drugs. This crucial step of the viral cycle depends on the concerted action of cellular and viral proteins such as NF-kappaB and Tat. In the present study, stilbene-related heterocyclic compounds including benzalphthalide, phthalazinone, imidazoindole and pyrimidoisoindole derivatives are tested for their anti-HIV activity. Original assays based on recombinant viruses were used to evaluate HIV replication inhibition and stably transfected cell lines were used to evaluate inhibition of Tat and NF-kappaB proteins. Some of the stilbene-related heterocyclic compounds analysed displayed anti-HIV activity through interference with NF-kappaB and Tat function. Moreover, compounds inhibiting both targets displayed a stronger activity on viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Bedoya
- Unidad de Inmunopatalogía, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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Bedoya LM, Beltrán M, Sancho R, Olmedo DA, Sánchez-Palomino S, del Olmo E, López-Pérez JL, Muñoz E, San Feliciano A, Alcamí J. 4-Phenylcoumarins as HIV transcription inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:4447-50. [PMID: 16137881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2005] [Revised: 07/07/2005] [Accepted: 07/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated the anti-HIV activity of eleven natural 4-phenylcoumarins isolated from Marila pluricostata and three of their derivatives. Antiviral activity was assessed on MT-2 cells infected with viral clones carrying the luciferase gene as reporter. Inhibitions of HIV transcription and Tat function were tested on cells stably transfected with the HIV-LTR and Tat protein. Most of the coumarins tested displayed NF-kappaB inhibition. Two coumarins were also Tat antagonists and the presence of both activities correlated with a stronger inhibition of HIV replication. Our results show that antiviral effect of 4-phenylcoumarins can be related to the inhibition of NF-kappaB and Tat, and suggest that these types of compounds can be useful in the treatment of HIV infection as viral transcription inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Bedoya
- Unidad de Inmunopatalogía, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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Sancho R, Medarde M, Sánchez-Palomino S, Madrigal BM, Alcamí J, Muñoz E, San Feliciano A. Anti-HIV activity of some synthetic lignanolides and intermediates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:4483-6. [PMID: 15357976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Revised: 06/07/2004] [Accepted: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of the anti-HIV-1 activity of synthetic lignanolides and their intermediates is reported. The antiviral activity was studied through luciferase-based assays targeting the HIV-1 promoter activation induced by either, the HIV-1 Tat protein or the cellular transcription factor NF-kappaB, both known as crucial factors in HIV-1 replication. Among the compounds tested, three of them 2, 4 and 13 were further analysed for their anti-HIV-1 activity by recombinant virus assays, showing a suitable profile for development of novel anti-HIV-1 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Sancho
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n 14004, Spain
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Abstract
Despite the remarkable advances that have been made in the last 20 years regarding the molecular virology, pathogenesis and epidemiology of HIV, the development of an effective HIV vaccine remains an elusive goal. The major reason for this is that we have not determined a correlate of immunity. The various explantations for this include integration of the virus into the host cell genome, infection of long-lived immune cells, HIV genetic diversity (especially in its envelope), persistent high viral replication releasing up to 10 billion viral particles per day and/or production of immunosuppressive products or proteins. However, there is evidence that the host can be protected: some highly exposed persons have remained uninfected; the relatively low incidence of mother to child (fetus) transmission; the initial effective immune response that significantly, if temporally, reduces viral loads; some infected persons are long-term non-progressors; experimental vaccines and passive immunisation have proven effective in experimental animals; and finally, successful vaccine development against other viral infections. At this time, the experimental vaccine pipeline is quite robust and ranges from HIV proteins (although the first such vaccine, recombinant gp120 made on Chinese hamster ovary cells, failed to protect volunteer men having sex with men [MSM]) to DNA vaccines and various novel delivery strategies. Perhaps the greatest impediment is the requirement to test these experimental vaccines in resource-poor developing countries that, at present, lack the necessary infrastructure for performing large, long-term, scientifically valid studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund C Tramont
- Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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