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Zindrou A, Psathas P, Deligiannakis Y. Flame Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis of Vo-Rich Nano-SrTiO 3-x. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:346. [PMID: 38392719 PMCID: PMC10891825 DOI: 10.3390/nano14040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Engineering of oxygen vacancies (Vo) in nanomaterials allows diligent control of their physicochemical properties. SrTiO3 possesses the typical ABO3 structure and has attracted considerable attention among the titanates due to its chemical stability and its high conduction band energy. This has resulted in its extensive use in photocatalytic energy-related processes, among others. Herein, we introduce the use of Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP); an industrial and scalable process to produce Vo-rich SrTiO3 perovskites. We present two types of Anoxic Flame Spray Pyrolysis (A-FSP) technologies using CH4 gas as a reducing source: Radial A-FSP (RA-FSP); and Axial A-FSP (AA-FSP). These are used for the control engineering of oxygen vacancies in the SrTiO3-x nanolattice. Based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis, we discuss the role and the amount of the Vos in the so-produced nano-SrTiO3-x, correlating the properties of the nanolattice and energy-band structure of the SrTiO3-x. The present work further corroborates the versatility of FSP as a synthetic process and the potential future application of this process to engineer photocatalysts with oxygen vacancies in quantities that can be measured in kilograms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yiannis Deligiannakis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials & Environment, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.Z.); (P.P.)
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2
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Rivasto E, Aye MM, Huhtinen H, Paturi P. Enhanced critical current density in optimized high-temperature superconducting bilayer thin films. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 36:135702. [PMID: 38100827 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad162c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The superconducting and structural properties of bilayer thin films based on YBa2Cu3O7-x / YBa2Cu3O7-x+6%BaZrO3heterstructures have been studied. In a broad range of magnetic field strengths and temperatures, the optimal bilayer film comprises 30% YBCO at the substrate interface and 70% YBCO+6%BZO on the top. The critical current density measured for the optimal bilayer structure is shown to outperform the corresponding single layer films up to almost 60%. The obtained results are comprehensively discussed in the light of our previously published theoretical framework (Rivastoet al2023J. Phys.: Condens. Matter35075701:1-10). We conclude that the bilayering provides an efficient and easily applicable way to further increase the performance and applicability of high-temperature superconductors in various applications. Consequently, the bilayer films should be seriously considered as candidates for the upcoming generation of coated conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rivasto
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M M Aye
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - H Huhtinen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - P Paturi
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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3
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Rivasto E, Hynninen T, Huhtinen H, Paturi P. Optimization of high-temperature superconducting bilayer structures using a vortex dynamics simulation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 35:075701. [PMID: 36322984 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac9f97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We argue that the current carrying properties of high-temperature superconducting thin films can be further improved, in particular under the mid-field range (B ≈ 0.1-2 T), via introduction of multilayer structures that compromise between good zero field critical current and vortex pinning performance. In this work we focus on a simple bilayer structure consisting of two adjacent layers of pure YBa2Cu3O6+x(YBCO) and BaZrO3(BZO) doped YBCO under magnetic field within the mid-field range oriented parallel to thec-axis of the YBCO unit cell. We have utilized a computational model to simulate the vortex dynamics limited critical current separately from the associated zero field current, which is addressed analytically. The obtained results have allowed us to estimate the optimal layer thicknesses as a function of magnetic field. Our idealized model suggests that the thickness of the doped layer should be substantially smaller than the undoped one, that is around 30% of the total thickness of the film. We have estimated that the current carrying capability of the optimized bilayer structure can be up to 50% higher when compared with corresponding single layer films. Possible deviations from the obtained results associated with the idealized model, most prominently the effect of natural defects, are comprehensively discussed. Our results provide the foundation for the future experimental realization of the proposed bilayer structures. The comparison between the presented results and experimental realization would enable further study of the underlying primitive vortex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rivasto
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Hynninen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - H Huhtinen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - P Paturi
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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4
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Zhang J, Wu H, Zhao G, Han L, Zhang J. Progress in the Study of Vortex Pinning Centers in High-Temperature Superconducting Films. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12224000. [PMID: 36432287 PMCID: PMC9696172 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of high-temperature superconductors (HTSs), significant progress in the fabrication of HTS films has been achieved. In this review, we intend to provide an overview of recent progress in how and why superconductivity can be enhanced by introducing nanoscale vortex pinning centers. The comprehensive control of morphology, dimension, orientation and concentration of artificial pinning centers (APCs) and the principle of vortex pinning are the focus of this review. According to the existing literature, HTSs with the best superconductivity can be obtained when one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale APCs are combined for vortex pinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Guangzhen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Lu Han
- Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
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5
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Chen J, Huang R, Zhou D, Li M, Bai C, Liu Z, Cai C. Improvement of epitaxial growth and flux pinning of MOD-derived YBa2Cu3O7−δ nanocomposites films by self-seeding and multi-element doping strategies. Ann Ital Chir 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Rivasto E, Huhtinen H, Hynninen T, Paturi P. Vortex dynamics simulation for pinning structure optimization in the applications of high-temperature superconductors. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:235902. [PMID: 35294932 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac5e78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a molecular dynamics based simulation model that enables the efficient optimization of complex pinning structures in unpresented wide magnetic field and angular ranges for high-temperature superconductor applications. The fully three-dimensional simulation allows the modeling of the critical current and the associated anisotropy in the presence of any kinds of defects despite their size and orientation. Most prominently, these include artificial defects such as nanorods along with intrinsic weak-links orab-plane oriented stacking faults, for example. In this work, we present and analyze the most fundamental results of the simulation model and compare them indirectly with a wide range of previous experimental and computational observations. With the provided validation for the proposed simulation model, we consider it to be an extremely useful tool in particular for pushing the limits of ampacity in the coated conductor industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rivasto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wihuri Physical Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - H Huhtinen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wihuri Physical Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Hynninen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wihuri Physical Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - P Paturi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wihuri Physical Laboratory, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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7
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Wang J, Ge L, Deng A, Qiu H, Li H, Zhu Y, Bo M. Atomic bonding and electrical characteristics of two-dimensional graphene/boron nitride van der Waals heterostructures with manufacturing defects via binding energy and bond-charge model. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Growth of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ thin films with enhanced superconducting properties by incorporating NiO nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Modification of Critical Current Density Anisotropy in High-Tc Superconductors by Using Heavy-Ion Irradiations. QUANTUM BEAM SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/qubs5020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The critical current density Jc, which is a maximum value of zero-resistivity current density, is required to exhibit not only larger value but also lower anisotropy in a magnetic field B for applications of high-Tc superconductors. Heavy-ion irradiation introduces nanometer-scale irradiation tracks, i.e., columnar defects (CDs) into high-Tc superconducting materials, which can modify both the absolute value and the anisotropy of Jc in a controlled manner: the unique structures of CDs, which significantly affect the Jc properties, are engineered by adjusting the irradiation conditions such as the irradiation energy and the incident direction. This paper reviews the modifications of the Jc anisotropy in high-Tc superconductors using CDs installed by heavy-ion irradiations. The direction-dispersion of CDs, which is tuned by the combination of the plural irradiation directions, can provide a variety of the magnetic field angular variations of Jc in high-Tc superconductors: CDs crossing at ±θi relative to the c-axis of YBa2Cu3Oy films induce a broad peak of Jc centered at B || c for θi < ±45°, whereas the crossing angle of θi ≥ ±45° cause not a Jc peak centered at B || c but two peaks of Jc at the irradiation angles. The anisotropy of Jc can also modified by tuning the continuity of CDs: short segmented CDs formed by heavy-ion irradiation with relatively low energy are more effective to improve Jc in a wide magnetic field angular region. The modifications of the Jc anisotropy are discussed on the basis of both structures of CDs and flux line structures depending on the magnetic field directions.
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10
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Iida K, Hänisch J, Kondo K, Chen M, Hatano T, Wang C, Saito H, Hata S, Ikuta H. High J c and low anisotropy of hydrogen doped NdFeAsO superconducting thin film. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5636. [PMID: 33707638 PMCID: PMC7952916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent realisations of hydrogen doped LnFeAsO (Ln = Nd and Sm) superconducting epitaxial thin films call for further investigation of their structural and electrical transport properties. Here, we report on the microstructure of a NdFeAs(O,H) epitaxial thin film and its temperature, field, and orientation dependencies of the resistivity and the critical current density Jc. The superconducting transition temperature Tc is comparable to NdFeAs(O,F). Transmission electron microscopy investigation supported that hydrogen is homogenously substituted for oxygen. A high self-field Jc of over 10 MA/cm2 was recorded at 5 K, which is likely to be caused by a short London penetration depth. The anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau scaling for the angle dependence of Jc yielded temperature-dependent scaling parameters γJ that decreased from 1.6 at 30 K to 1.3 at 5 K. This is opposite to the behaviour of NdFeAs(O,F). Additionally, γJ of NdFeAs(O,H) is smaller than that of NdFeAs(O,F). Our results indicate that heavily electron doping by means of hydrogen substitution for oxygen in LnFeAsO is highly beneficial for achieving high Jc with low anisotropy without compromising Tc, which is favourable for high-field magnet applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Iida
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
- JST CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Jens Hänisch
- Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Keisuke Kondo
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hatano
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
- JST CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Chao Wang
- The Ultramicroscopy Research Center, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hikaru Saito
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
- JST CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hata
- The Ultramicroscopy Research Center, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
- JST CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikuta
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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11
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Molodyk A, Samoilenkov S, Markelov A, Degtyarenko P, Lee S, Petrykin V, Gaifullin M, Mankevich A, Vavilov A, Sorbom B, Cheng J, Garberg S, Kesler L, Hartwig Z, Gavrilkin S, Tsvetkov A, Okada T, Awaji S, Abraimov D, Francis A, Bradford G, Larbalestier D, Senatore C, Bonura M, Pantoja AE, Wimbush SC, Strickland NM, Vasiliev A. Development and large volume production of extremely high current density YBa 2Cu 3O 7 superconducting wires for fusion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2084. [PMID: 33483553 PMCID: PMC7822827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The fusion power density produced in a tokamak is proportional to its magnetic field strength to the fourth power. Second-generation high temperature superconductor (2G HTS) wires demonstrate remarkable engineering current density (averaged over the full wire), JE, at very high magnetic fields, driving progress in fusion and other applications. The key challenge for HTS wires has been to offer an acceptable combination of high and consistent superconducting performance in high magnetic fields, high volume supply, and low price. Here we report a very high and reproducible JE in practical HTS wires based on a simple YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) superconductor formulation with Y2O3 nanoparticles, which have been delivered in just nine months to a commercial fusion customer in the largest-volume order the HTS industry has seen to date. We demonstrate a novel YBCO superconductor formulation without the c-axis correlated nano-columnar defects that are widely believed to be prerequisite for high in-field performance. The simplicity of this new formulation allows robust and scalable manufacturing, providing, for the first time, large volumes of consistently high performance wire, and the economies of scale necessary to lower HTS wire prices to a level acceptable for fusion and ultimately for the widespread commercial adoption of HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Molodyk
- S-Innovations, Moscow, Russia.
- SuperOx, Moscow, Russia.
| | - S Samoilenkov
- S-Innovations, Moscow, Russia
- SuperOx, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - P Degtyarenko
- SuperOx, Moscow, Russia
- Joint Institute for High Temperature, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Lee
- SuperOx Japan, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | - A Vavilov
- S-Innovations, Moscow, Russia
- SuperOx, Moscow, Russia
- SuperOx Japan, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - B Sorbom
- Commonwealth Fusion Systems, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Cheng
- Commonwealth Fusion Systems, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Garberg
- Commonwealth Fusion Systems, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L Kesler
- Commonwealth Fusion Systems, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Z Hartwig
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Gavrilkin
- P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Tsvetkov
- P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Okada
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - S Awaji
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - D Abraimov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - A Francis
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - G Bradford
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - D Larbalestier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - C Senatore
- University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Bonura
- University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A E Pantoja
- Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S C Wimbush
- Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - N M Strickland
- Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - A Vasiliev
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
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12
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Li Z, Coll M, Mundet B, Palau A, Puig T, Obradors X. Suppression of superconductivity at the nanoscale in chemical solution derived YBa 2Cu 3O 7-δ thin films with defective Y 2Ba 4Cu 8O 16 intergrowths. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3384-3393. [PMID: 36134255 PMCID: PMC9418937 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of the microstructure and superconducting behavior of chemical solution deposited epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-δ films, with thickness going down to 5 nm has been carried out with the purpose to disclose the behavior of the most common intergrowth in these films, the Y2Ba4Cu8O16. The analysis of ultrathin films is a unique opportunity to investigate the superconducting behavior of these nanoscale defects because of the high concentration created as a consequence of the elastic energy associated to the misfit strain. Magnetic susceptibility and X-ray diffraction measurements evidence a strong decrease of the superconducting volume correlated with an increase of the intergrowth volume fraction. We demonstrate that these intergrowths are non-superconducting nanoscale regions where Cooper pair formation is disrupted, in agreement with their key role as artificial pinning centers for vortices in YBa2Cu3O7-δ films and coated conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Li
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
| | - Mariona Coll
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
| | - Bernat Mundet
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
| | - Anna Palau
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
| | - Teresa Puig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
| | - Xavier Obradors
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
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13
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Antončík F, Jankovský O, Hlásek T, Bartůněk V. Nanosized Pinning Centers in the Rare Earth-Barium-Copper-Oxide Thin-Film Superconductors. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081429. [PMID: 32707997 PMCID: PMC7466701 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity, significant progress in the fabrication of REBCO-based (Rare Earth Barium Copper mixed Oxides) thin-films superconductors has been achieved. In our review, we described the approaches and possibilities of the improvement of superconducting properties by the introduction of nanosized pinning centers. We focused on the synthesis and viability of the material for artificial pinning centers and methods used for the introduction of the pinning centers into superconducting REBCO-based thin-films. This article summarizes available materials and procedures regardless of the financial cost of the individual method. According to available literature, the most significant superconducting REBCO tapes can be obtained when a combination of 1D and 0D nanoparticles are used for nanoscale pinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Antončík
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
| | - Ondřej Jankovský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
| | - Tomáš Hlásek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
- CAN SUPERCONDUCTORS s.r.o., Ringhofferova 66, 251 68 Kamenice, Czech Republic
| | - Vilém Bartůněk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (F.A.); (O.J.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Bobylev IB, Naumov SV, Zyuzeva NA. Transformation of the Structure of YBa2Cu3Oy after Exposition to Acetone Vapor. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024420070079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Rivasto E, Khan MZ, Malmivirta M, Rijckaert H, Aye MM, Hynninen T, Huhtinen H, Driessche IV, Paturi P. Self-assembled nanorods in YBCO matrix - a computational study of their effects on critical current anisotropy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3169. [PMID: 32081988 PMCID: PMC7035360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to understand how the doping with self-assembled nanorods of different sizes and concentrations as well as applied magnetic fields affect the critical current anisotropy in YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) thin films close to YBCO c-axis, we present an extensive and systematic computational study done by molecular dynamics simulation. The simulations are also used to understand experimentally measured Jc(θ) curves for BaHfO3, BaZrO3 and BaSnO3 doped YBCO thin films with the help of nanorod parameters obtained from transmission electron microscopy measurements. Our simulations reveal that the relation between applied and matching field plays a crucial role in the formation of Jc(θ)-peak around YBCO c-axis (c-peak) due to vortex-vortex interactions. We also find how different concentrations of different size nanorods effect the shape of the c-peak and explain how different features, such as double c-peak structures, arise. In addition to this, we have quantitatively explained that, even in an ideal superconductor, the overdoping of nanorods results in decrease of the critical current. Our results can be widely used to understand and predict the critical current anisotropy of YBCO thin films to improve and develop new pinscapes for various transport applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmeri Rivasto
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland. .,University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Mukarram Zaman Khan
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.,University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Malmivirta
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannes Rijckaert
- SCRiPTS, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Moe Moe Aye
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Hynninen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannu Huhtinen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Isabel Van Driessche
- SCRiPTS, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Petriina Paturi
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
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16
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Bobylev IB, Zyuzeva NA, Naumov SV. Effect of Cyclic Hydrocarbon Vapors on the Structure of YBa2Cu3Oy. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024419120045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Khan MZ, Rivasto E, Tikkanen J, Rijckaert H, Malmivirta M, Liedke MO, Butterling M, Wagner A, Huhtinen H, Van Driessche I, Paturi P. Enhanced flux pinning isotropy by tuned nanosized defect network in superconducting YBa 2Cu 3O 6+x films. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15425. [PMID: 31659228 PMCID: PMC6817878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Striving to improve the critical current density Jc of superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x (YBCO) thin films via enhanced vortex pinning, the interplay between film growth mechanisms and the formation of nanosized defects, both natural and artificial, is systematically studied in undoped and BaZrO3 (BZO)-doped YBCO thin films. The films were grown via pulsed laser deposition (PLD), varying the crystal grain size of the targets in addition to the dopant content. The microstructure of the PLD target has been observed to have a great impact on that of the deposited thin films, including the formation of vortex pinning centers, which has direct implications on the superconducting performance, especially on the isotropy of flux pinning properties. Based on experimentally measured angular dependencies of Jc, coupled with a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of flux pinning in the YBCO films, we present a quantitative model of how the splay and fragmentation of BZO nanorods artifically introduced into the YBCO film matrix explain the majority of the observed critical current anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukarram Zaman Khan
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland. .,University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Elmeri Rivasto
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.,University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Tikkanen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannes Rijckaert
- SCRiPTS, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mika Malmivirta
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Maciej Oskar Liedke
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maik Butterling
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hannu Huhtinen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Isabel Van Driessche
- SCRiPTS, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Petriina Paturi
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
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18
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Pushing the limits for the highest critical currents in superconductors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:10201-10203. [PMID: 31085652 PMCID: PMC6534980 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905568116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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19
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Control of nanostructure and pinning properties in solution deposited YBa 2Cu 3O 7-x nanocomposites with preformed perovskite nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5828. [PMID: 30967568 PMCID: PMC6456625 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution deposited YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) nanocomposites with preformed nanoparticles represent a promising cost-effective approach for superior critical current properties under applied magnetic fields. Nonetheless, the majority of YBCO nanocomposites with high nanoparticle loads (>20%) suffer from nanoparticle coalescence and degraded superconducting properties. Here, we study the influence of nanoparticle concentration (0–25% mol), size (5 nm–10 nm) and composition (BaHfO3, BaZrO3) on the generation of structural defects in the epitaxial YBCO matrix, key parameter for vortex pinning. We demonstrate that flash-heated superconducting nanocomposites with 20 mol% preformed BaHfO3 or BaZrO3 perovskite secondary phases feature discrete and small (7 nm) nanoparticles and high density of YBa2Cu4O8 (Y248) intergrowths. We identify a synergy between Y248 intergrowth density and small nanoparticles to increase artificial vortex pinning centers. Also, we validate the multideposition process to successfully increase film thickness of epitaxial nanocomposites with competitive critical currents Ic at 77 K.
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20
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Ghose KK, Bayon A, Hinkley J, Page AJ. Electronic structure and high-temperature thermochemistry of BaZrO3−δ perovskite from first-principles calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:12468-12476. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02505g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Accurate first-principles calculations predict electronic structure and high-temperature thermochemical properties of oxygen-deficient BaZrO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K. Ghose
- Priority Research Centre for Frontier Energy Technologies and Utilisation
- The University of Newcastle
- Callaghan 2308
- Australia
| | | | - Jim Hinkley
- CSIRO Energy Technology
- Newcastle 2304
- Australia
- School of Engineering and Computer Science
- Victoria University of Wellington
| | - Alister J. Page
- Priority Research Centre for Frontier Energy Technologies and Utilisation
- The University of Newcastle
- Callaghan 2308
- Australia
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21
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Eley S, Khilstrom K, Fotovat R, Xiao ZL, Chen A, Chen D, Leroux M, Welp U, Kwok WK, Civale L. Glassy Dynamics in a heavy ion irradiated NbSe 2 crystal. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13162. [PMID: 30177792 PMCID: PMC6120952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascination with glassy states has persisted since Fisher introduced the vortex-glass as a new thermodynamic phase that is a true superconductor that lacks conventional long-range order. Though Fisher's original model considered point disorder, it was later predicted that columnar defects (CDs) could also induce glassiness - specifically, a Bose-glass phase. In YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO), glassy states can cause distinct behavior in the temperature (T ) dependent rate of thermally activated vortex motion (S). The vortex-glass state produces a plateau in S(T ) whereas a Bose-glass can transition into a state hosting vortex excitations called double-kinks that can expand, creating a large peak in S(T ). Although glass phases have been well-studied in YBCO, few studies exist of other materials containing CDs that could contribute to distinguishing universal behavior. Here, we report on the effectiveness of CDs tilted ~30° from the c-axis in reducing S in a NbSe2 crystal. The magnetization is 5 times higher and S is minimized when the field is parallel to the defects versus aligned with the c-axis. We see signatures of glassiness in both field orientations, but do not observe a peak in S(T ) nor a plateau at values observed in YBCO. Finally, we discuss the possibility that competing disorder induces a field-orientation-driven transition from a Bose-glass to an anisotropic glass involving both point and columnar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Eley
- Condensed Matter and Magnet Science, MPA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - K Khilstrom
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - R Fotovat
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Z L Xiao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - A Chen
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnology (CINT), MPA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - D Chen
- Materials Science and Technology Division, MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - M Leroux
- Condensed Matter and Magnet Science, MPA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - U Welp
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - W K Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - L Civale
- Condensed Matter and Magnet Science, MPA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
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22
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Rizzo F, Augieri A, Kursumovic A, Bianchetti M, Opherden L, Sieger M, Hühne R, Hänisch J, Meledin A, Van Tendeloo G, MacManus-Driscoll JL, Celentano G. Pushing the limits of applicability of REBCO coated conductor films through fine chemical tuning and nanoengineering of inclusions. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:8187-8195. [PMID: 29676427 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09428k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An outstanding current carrying performance (namely critical current density, Jc) over a broad temperature range of 10-77 K for magnetic fields up to 12 T is reported for films of YBa2Cu3O7-x with Ba2Y(Nb,Ta)O6 inclusion pinning centres (YBCO-BYNTO) and thicknesses in the range of 220-500 nm. Jc values of 10 MA cm-2 were measured at 30 K - 5 T and 10 K - 9 T with a corresponding maximum of the pinning force density at 10 K close to 1 TN m-3. The system is very flexible regarding properties and microstructure tuning, and the growth window for achieving a particular microstructure is wide, which is very important for industrial processing. Hence, the dependence of Jc on the magnetic field angle was readily controlled by fine tuning the pinning microstructure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis highlighted that higher growth rates induce more splayed and denser BYNTO nanocolumns with a matching field as high as 5.2 T. Correspondingly, a strong peak at the B||c-axis is noticed when the density of vortices is lower than the nanocolumn density. YBCO-BYNTO is a very robust and reproducible composite system for high-current coated conductors over an extended range of magnetic fields and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rizzo
- ENEA, Frascati Research Centre, Via E. Fermi, 45-00044 Frascati, Italy.
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23
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Vallès F, Palau A, Rouco V, Mundet B, Obradors X, Puig T. Angular flux creep contributions in YBa 2Cu 3O 7-δ nanocomposites from electrical transport measurements. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5924. [PMID: 29651116 PMCID: PMC5897461 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The shape of the electric-field—current-density (E-J) curve is determined by flux pinning and also by dynamics of vortices. Here, we propose a novel methodology to study the normalized flux creep rate S in YBa2Cu3O7−δ measured from E-J curves obtained by electrical transport measurements that provides a fast and versatile way to foresee the flux magnetic relaxation in films and disentangle angular flux creep contributions by the scaling of the isotropic contribution of S. After a detailed comparison of various pristine and nanocomposite films with differentiated nanostructures, we focus on the roles that intrinsic pinning and stacking faults (YBa2Cu4O8-intergrowths) play when the magnetic field is applied parallel to the superconducting CuO2 planes. This study reveals that the emerging intergrowths provide advanced pinning properties that additionally reduce the thermal activated flux magnetic relaxation. For this purpose, creep analysis becomes a very appropriate tool to elucidate the dominance of the different pinning sites at different regions of the magnetic-field—temperature diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vallès
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - A Palau
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V Rouco
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - B Mundet
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - X Obradors
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - T Puig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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24
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Malmivirta M, Rijckaert H, Paasonen V, Huhtinen H, Hynninen T, Jha R, Awana VS, Van Driessche I, Paturi P. Enhanced flux pinning in YBCO multilayer films with BCO nanodots and segmented BZO nanorods. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14682. [PMID: 29089637 PMCID: PMC5665862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The flux pinning properties of the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) have been conventionally improved by creating both columnar and dot-like pinning centres into the YBCO matrix. To study the effects of differently doped multilayer structures on pinning, several samples consisting of a multiple number of individually BaZrO3 (BZO) and BaCeO3 (BCO) doped YBCO layers were fabricated. In the YBCO matrix, BZO forms columnar and BCO dot-like defects. The multilayer structure improves pinning capability throughout the whole angular range, giving rise to a high critical current density, Jc. However, the BZO doped monolayer reference still has the most isotropic Jc. Even though BZO forms nanorods, in this work the samples with multiple thin layers do not exhibit a c axis peak in the angular dependence of Jc. The angular dependencies and the approximately correct magnitude of Jc were also verified using a molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Malmivirta
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland. .,University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Hannes Rijckaert
- SCRiPTS, Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ville Paasonen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannu Huhtinen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Hynninen
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Rajveer Jha
- Superconductivity Division, National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Veerpal Singh Awana
- Superconductivity Division, National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Isabel Van Driessche
- SCRiPTS, Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Petriina Paturi
- Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
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25
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Imaging of super-fast dynamics and flow instabilities of superconducting vortices. Nat Commun 2017; 8:85. [PMID: 28729642 PMCID: PMC5519736 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantized magnetic vortices driven by electric current determine key electromagnetic properties of superconductors. While the dynamic behavior of slow vortices has been thoroughly investigated, the physics of ultrafast vortices under strong currents remains largely unexplored. Here, we use a nanoscale scanning superconducting quantum interference device to image vortices penetrating into a superconducting Pb film at rates of tens of GHz and moving with velocities of up to tens of km/s, which are not only much larger than the speed of sound but also exceed the pair-breaking speed limit of superconducting condensate. These experiments reveal formation of mesoscopic vortex channels which undergo cascades of bifurcations as the current and magnetic field increase. Our numerical simulations predict metamorphosis of fast Abrikosov vortices into mixed Abrikosov-Josephson vortices at even higher velocities. This work offers an insight into the fundamental physics of dynamic vortex states of superconductors at high current densities, crucial for many applications.Ultrafast vortex dynamics driven by strong currents define eletromagnetic properties of superconductors, but it remains unexplored. Here, Embon et al. use a unique scanning microscopy technique to image steady-state penetration of super-fast vortices into a superconducting Pb film at rates of tens of GHz and velocities up to tens of km/s.
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26
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Horide T, Kametani F, Yoshioka S, Kitamura T, Matsumoto K. Structural Evolution Induced by Interfacial Lattice Mismatch in Self-Organized YBa 2Cu 3O 7-δ Nanocomposite Film. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1780-1788. [PMID: 28094494 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Intriguing properties of self-organized nanocomposites of perovskite oxides are usually derived from the complex interface of constituent material phases. A sophisticated control of such a system is required for a broad range of energy and device applications, which demand a comprehensive understanding of the interface at the atomic scale. Here, we visualized and theoretically modeled the highly elastically strained nanorod, the interface region with misfit dislocations and heterointerface distortion, and the matrix with strain-induced oxygen vacancies in the self-organized YBa2Cu3O7-δ nanocomposite films with Ba perovskite nanorods. Large misfit strain was elastically accommodated in the nanocomposites, but since the elastic strain was mainly accommodated by the nanorods, the concentration of strain-induced oxygen vacancies was small enough for the matrix to keep high critical temperature (>85 K). The interfacial bonding distorted the atomic structure of YBa2Cu3O7-δ, but the thickness of distortion was limited to a few unit cells (less than the coherence length) due to the electron screening. The effect of volume fraction on elastic strain and the electron screening are crucial for strong vortex pinning without significant degradation of both the elementary pinning force and critical temperature in the nanocomposites. Thus, we comprehensively clarified the self-organized nanocomposite structure for on-demand control of superconductivity and oxide functionality in the nanocomposite engineering of perovskite oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Horide
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology , 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - Fumitake Kametani
- The Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University , 2031 E. Paul Dirac Dr #240, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Satoru Yoshioka
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takanori Kitamura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology , 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - Kaname Matsumoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology , 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
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27
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Kwok WK, Welp U, Glatz A, Koshelev AE, Kihlstrom KJ, Crabtree GW. Vortices in high-performance high-temperature superconductors. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:116501. [PMID: 27652716 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/11/116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of vortex matter in high-temperature superconductors (HTS) controls the entire electromagnetic response of the material, including its current carrying capacity. Here, we review the basic concepts of vortex pinning and its application to a complex mixed pinning landscape to enhance the critical current and to reduce its anisotropy. We focus on recent scientific advances that have resulted in large enhancements of the in-field critical current in state-of-the-art second generation (2G) YBCO coated conductors and on the prospect of an isotropic, high-critical current superconductor in the iron-based superconductors. Lastly, we discuss an emerging new paradigm of critical current by design-a drive to achieve a quantitative correlation between the observed critical current density and mesoscale mixed pinning landscapes by using realistic input parameters in an innovative and powerful large-scale time dependent Ginzburg-Landau approach to simulating vortex dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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28
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Ozaki T, Wu L, Zhang C, Jaroszynski J, Si W, Zhou J, Zhu Y, Li Q. A route for a strong increase of critical current in nanostrained iron-based superconductors. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13036. [PMID: 27708268 PMCID: PMC5059717 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical temperature Tc and the critical current density Jc determine the limits to large-scale superconductor applications. Superconductivity emerges at Tc. The practical current-carrying capability, measured by Jc, is the ability of defects in superconductors to pin the magnetic vortices, and that may reduce Tc. Simultaneous increase of Tc and Jc in superconductors is desirable but very difficult to realize. Here we demonstrate a route to raise both Tc and Jc together in iron-based superconductors. By using low-energy proton irradiation, we create cascade defects in FeSe0.5Te0.5 films. Tc is enhanced due to the nanoscale compressive strain and proximity effect, whereas Jc is doubled under zero field at 4.2 K through strong vortex pinning by the cascade defects and surrounding nanoscale strain. At 12 K and above 15 T, one order of magnitude of Jc enhancement is achieved in both parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields to the film surface. Simultaneous increase of critical temperature and critical current in superconductors is desirable for application purpose, but very difficult to realize. Here, Ozaki et al. report a simultaneous enhancement of Tc and Jc in FeSe0.5Te0.5 films with cascade defects produced by low-energy proton irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Ozaki
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.,Department of Nanotechnology for Sustainable Energy, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Lijun Wu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jan Jaroszynski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Weidong Si
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Juan Zhou
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Yimei Zhu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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29
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Sadovskyy IA, Jia Y, Leroux M, Kwon J, Hu H, Fang L, Chaparro C, Zhu S, Welp U, Zuo JM, Zhang Y, Nakasaki R, Selvamanickam V, Crabtree GW, Koshelev AE, Glatz A, Kwok WK. Toward Superconducting Critical Current by Design. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:4593-4600. [PMID: 27030115 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new critical-current-by-design paradigm is presented. It aims at predicting the optimal defect landscape in superconductors for targeted applications by elucidating the vortex dynamics responsible for the bulk critical current. To this end, critical current measurements on commercial high-temperature superconductors are combined with large-scale time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations of vortex dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A Sadovskyy
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Ying Jia
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Maxime Leroux
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jihwan Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hefei Hu
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Lei Fang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Carlos Chaparro
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Shaofei Zhu
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Ulrich Welp
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jian-Min Zuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yifei Zhang
- SuperPower Corp, Schenectady, NY, 12304, USA
| | | | - Venkat Selvamanickam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - George W Crabtree
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
- Departments of Physics, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Alexei E Koshelev
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Andreas Glatz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
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30
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Large pinning forces and matching effects in YBa2Cu3O(7-δ) thin films with Ba2Y(Nb/Ta)O6 nano-precipitates. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21188. [PMID: 26887291 PMCID: PMC4758043 DOI: 10.1038/srep21188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of mixed double perovskite Ba2Y(Nb/Ta)O6 (BYNTO) to YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) thin films leads to a large improvement of the in-field current carrying capability. For low deposition rates, BYNTO grows as well-oriented, densely distributed nanocolumns. We achieved a pinning force density of 25 GN/m3 at 77 K at a matching field of 2.3 T, which is among the highest values reported for YBCO. The anisotropy of the critical current density shows a complex behavior whereby additional maxima are developed at field dependent angles. This is caused by a matching effect of the magnetic fields c-axis component. The exponent N of the current-voltage characteristics (inversely proportional to the creep rate S) allows the depinning mechanism to be determined. It changes from a double-kink excitation below the matching field to pinning-potential-determined creep above it.
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31
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Miura M, Maiorov B, Balakirev FF, Kato T, Sato M, Takagi Y, Izumi T, Civale L. Upward shift of the vortex solid phase in high-temperature-superconducting wires through high density nanoparticle addition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20436. [PMID: 26853703 PMCID: PMC4745081 DOI: 10.1038/srep20436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We show a simple and effective way to improve the vortex irreversibility line up to very high magnetic fields (60T) by increasing the density of second phase BaZrO3 nanoparticles. (Y0.77,Gd0.23)Ba2Cu3Oy films were grown on metal substrates with different concentration of BaZrO3 nanoparticles by the metal organic deposition method. We find that upon increase of the BaZrO3 concentration, the nanoparticle size remains constant but the twin-boundary density increases. Up to the highest nanoparticle concentration (n ~ 1.3 × 10(22)/m(3)), the irreversibility field (Hirr) continues to increase with no sign of saturation up to 60 T, although the vortices vastly outnumber pinning centers. We find extremely high Hirr, namely Hirr = 30 T (H||45°) and 24 T (H||c) at 65 K and 58 T (H||45°) and 45 T (H||c) at 50K. The difference in pinning landscape shifts the vortex solid-liquid transition upwards, increasing the vortex region useful for power applications, while keeping the upper critical field, critical temperature and electronic mass anisotropy unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Miura
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Graduate School of Science & Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Boris Maiorov
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Fedor F. Balakirev
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Takeharu Kato
- Materials R&D Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atuta-ku, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Graduate School of Science & Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Yuji Takagi
- Superconductivity Research Laboratory, International Superconductivity Technology Center, KSP R&D Wing A-9F, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kaswasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-0012 Japan
| | - Teruo Izumi
- Superconductivity Research Laboratory, International Superconductivity Technology Center, KSP R&D Wing A-9F, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kaswasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-0012 Japan
| | - Leonardo Civale
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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32
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Muhammad Alay-e-Abbas S, Nazir S, Shaukat A. Formation energies and electronic structure of intrinsic vacancy defects and oxygen vacancy clustering in BaZrO3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:23737-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamically stable oxygen vacancy clustering in the ZrO2 layer of BaZrO3 gives rise to n-type behaviour which originates from the charge delocalization of the in-plane unbound Zr1-4d electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Safdar Nazir
- Department of Physics
- University of Sargodha
- 40100 Sargodha
- Pakistan
| | - Ali Shaukat
- Department of Physics
- University of Sargodha
- 40100 Sargodha
- Pakistan
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33
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Stroboscopic phenomena in superconductors with dynamic pinning landscape. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14604. [PMID: 26423610 PMCID: PMC4589687 DOI: 10.1038/srep14604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducing artificial pinning centers is a well established strategy to trap quantum vortices and increase the maximal magnetic field and applied electric current that a superconductor can sustain without dissipation. In case of spatially periodic pinning, a clear enhancement of the superconducting critical current arises when commensurability between the vortex configurations and the pinning landscape occurs. With recent achievements in (ultrafast) optics and nanoengineered plasmonics it has become possible to exploit the interaction of light with superconductivity, and create not only spatially periodic imprints on the superconducting condensate, but also temporally periodic ones. Here we show that in the latter case, temporal matching phenomena develop, caused by stroboscopic commensurability between the characteristic frequency of the vortex motion under applied current and the frequency of the dynamic pinning. The matching resonances persist in a broad parameter space, including magnetic field, driving current, or material purity, giving rise to unusual features such as externally variable resistance/impedance and Shapiro steps in current-voltage characteristics. All features are tunable by the frequency of the dynamic pinning landscape. These findings open further exploration avenues for using flashing, spatially engineered, and/or mobile excitations on superconductors, permitting us to achieve advanced functionalities.
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Hosono H, Tanabe K, Takayama-Muromachi E, Kageyama H, Yamanaka S, Kumakura H, Nohara M, Hiramatsu H, Fujitsu S. Exploration of new superconductors and functional materials, and fabrication of superconducting tapes and wires of iron pnictides. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2015; 16:033503. [PMID: 27877784 PMCID: PMC5099821 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/033503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This review shows the highlights of a 4-year-long research project supported by the Japanese Government to explore new superconducting materials and relevant functional materials. The project found several tens of new superconductors by examining ∼1000 materials, each of which was chosen by Japanese experts with a background in solid state chemistry. This review summarizes the major achievements of the project in newly found superconducting materials, and the fabrication wires and tapes of iron-based superconductors; it incorporates a list of ∼700 unsuccessful materials examined for superconductivity in the project. In addition, described are new functional materials and functionalities discovered during the project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hosono
- Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tanabe
- Superconductivity Research Laboratory, International Superconductivity Technology Center (ISTEC), 2-11-19 Minowa-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-0051, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Kageyama
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kumakura
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Minoru Nohara
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hidenori Hiramatsu
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Satoru Fujitsu
- Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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35
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Massee F, Sprau PO, Wang YL, Davis JCS, Ghigo G, Gu GD, Kwok WK. Imaging atomic-scale effects of high-energy ion irradiation on superconductivity and vortex pinning in Fe(Se,Te). SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500033. [PMID: 26601180 PMCID: PMC4640636 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Maximizing the sustainable supercurrent density, J C, is crucial to high-current applications of superconductivity. To achieve this, preventing dissipative motion of quantized vortices is key. Irradiation of superconductors with high-energy heavy ions can be used to create nanoscale defects that act as deep pinning potentials for vortices. This approach holds unique promise for high-current applications of iron-based superconductors because J C amplification persists to much higher radiation doses than in cuprate superconductors without significantly altering the superconducting critical temperature. However, for these compounds, virtually nothing is known about the atomic-scale interplay of the crystal damage from the high-energy ions, the superconducting order parameter, and the vortex pinning processes. We visualize the atomic-scale effects of irradiating FeSe x Te1-x with 249-MeV Au ions and find two distinct effects: compact nanometer-sized regions of crystal disruption or "columnar defects," plus a higher density of single atomic site "point" defects probably from secondary scattering. We directly show that the superconducting order is virtually annihilated within the former and suppressed by the latter. Simultaneous atomically resolved images of the columnar crystal defects, the superconductivity, and the vortex configurations then reveal how a mixed pinning landscape is created, with the strongest vortex pinning occurring at metallic core columnar defects and secondary pinning at clusters of point-like defects, followed by collective pinning at higher fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freek Massee
- Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Peter Oliver Sprau
- Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yong-Lei Wang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. C. Séamus Davis
- Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Gianluca Ghigo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Genda D. Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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36
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Embon L, Anahory Y, Suhov A, Halbertal D, Cuppens J, Yakovenko A, Uri A, Myasoedov Y, Rappaport ML, Huber ME, Gurevich A, Zeldov E. Probing dynamics and pinning of single vortices in superconductors at nanometer scales. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7598. [PMID: 25564043 PMCID: PMC4288220 DOI: 10.1038/srep07598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of quantized magnetic vortices and their pinning by materials defects determine electromagnetic properties of superconductors, particularly their ability to carry non-dissipative currents. Despite recent advances in the understanding of the complex physics of vortex matter, the behavior of vortices driven by current through a multi-scale potential of the actual materials defects is still not well understood, mostly due to the scarcity of appropriate experimental tools capable of tracing vortex trajectories on nanometer scales. Using a novel scanning superconducting quantum interference microscope we report here an investigation of controlled dynamics of vortices in lead films with sub-Angstrom spatial resolution and unprecedented sensitivity. We measured, for the first time, the fundamental dependence of the elementary pinning force of multiple defects on the vortex displacement, revealing a far more complex behavior than has previously been recognized, including striking spring softening and broken-spring depinning, as well as spontaneous hysteretic switching between cellular vortex trajectories. Our results indicate the importance of thermal fluctuations even at 4.2 K and of the vital role of ripples in the pinning potential, giving new insights into the mechanisms of magnetic relaxation and electromagnetic response of superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Embon
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Y. Anahory
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - A. Suhov
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - D. Halbertal
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - J. Cuppens
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - A. Yakovenko
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - A. Uri
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Y. Myasoedov
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - M. L. Rappaport
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - M. E. Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, 80217, USA
| | - A. Gurevich
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529-0116, USA
| | - E. Zeldov
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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37
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Development of very high Jc in Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 thin films grown on CaF2. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7305. [PMID: 25467177 PMCID: PMC4252889 DOI: 10.1038/srep07305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 is the most tunable of the Fe-based superconductors (FBS) in terms of acceptance of high densities of self-assembled and artificially introduced pinning centres which are effective in significantly increasing the critical current density, Jc. Moreover, FBS are very sensitive to strain, which induces an important enhancement in critical temperature, Tc, of the material. In this paper we demonstrate that strain induced by the substrate can further improve Jc of both single and multilayer films by more than that expected simply due to the increase in Tc. The multilayer deposition of Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 on CaF2 increases the pinning force density (Fp = Jc × µ0H) by more than 60% compared to a single layer film, reaching a maximum of 84 GN/m3 at 22.5 T and 4.2 K, the highest value ever reported in any 122 phase.
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38
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Miura M, Maiorov B, Kato T, Shimode T, Wada K, Adachi S, Tanabe K. Strongly enhanced flux pinning in one-step deposition of BaFe₂(As₀.₆₆P₀.₃₃)₂ superconductor films with uniformly dispersed BaZrO₃ nanoparticles. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2499. [PMID: 24051678 PMCID: PMC3791461 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The high upper critical field and low anisotropy of the iron-based superconductor BaFe2As2 make it promising for its use in the construction of superconducting magnets. However, its critical current density in high magnetic fields needs to be improved. Here we demonstrate a simple, one-step and industrially scalable means of achieving just this. We show that introducing controlled amounts of uniformly dispersed BaZrO3 nanoparticles into carrier-doped BaFe2As2 significantly improves its superconducting performance without degrading its structural or superconducting properties. Our BaFe2(As0.66P0.33)2 films also exhibit an increase in both the irreversibility line and critical current density at all magnetic-field orientations. These films exhibit nearly isotropic critical current densities in excess of 1.5 MA cm−2 at 15 K and 1 T—seven times higher than previously reported for BaFe2As2 films. The vortex-pinning force in these films reaches ~59 GN m−3 at 5 K and 3–9 T, substantially higher than that of the conventional Nb3Sn wire. Iron-based superconductors are promising for its use in building superconducting magnets; however, their high-field critical current density needs to be improved. Miura et al. show that this can be achieved with a one-step growth process that uniformly incorporates BaZrO3 nanoparticles into BaFe2As2 films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Miura
- 1] Superconductivity Research Laboratory, International Superconductivity Technology Center, 10-13, Shinonome 1-chome, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0062, Japan [2] Graduate School of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
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39
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Gueudré T, Dubey AK, Talon L, Rosso A. Strong pinning of propagation fronts in adverse flow. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:041004. [PMID: 24827180 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.041004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Reaction fronts evolving in a porous medium exhibit a rich dynamical behavior. In the presence of an adverse flow, experiments show that the front slows down and eventually gets pinned, displaying a particular sawtooth shape. Extensive numerical simulations of the hydrodynamic equations confirm the experimental observations. Here we propose a stylized model, predicting two possible outcomes of the experiments for large adverse flow: either the front develops a sawtooth shape or it acquires a complicated structure with islands and overhangs. A simple criterion allows one to distinguish between the two scenarios and its validity is reproduced by direct hydrodynamical simulations. Our model gives a better understanding of the transition and is relevant in a variety of domains, when the pinning regime is strong and only relies on a small number of sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gueudré
- CNRS-LPT, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75231 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | | | - Laurent Talon
- Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Laboratoire FAST, UMR 7608, Orsay F-91405, France
| | - Alberto Rosso
- Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, LPTMS, UMR 8626, Orsay F-91405, France
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40
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Gueudré T, Dobrinevski A, Bouchaud JP. Explore or exploit? A generic model and an exactly solvable case. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:050602. [PMID: 24580581 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Finding a good compromise between the exploitation of known resources and the exploration of unknown, but potentially more profitable choices, is a general problem, which arises in many different scientific disciplines. We propose a stylized model for these exploration-exploitation situations, including population or economic growth, portfolio optimization, evolutionary dynamics, or the problem of optimal pinning of vortices or dislocations in disordered materials. We find the exact growth rate of this model for treelike geometries and prove the existence of an optimal migration rate in this case. Numerical simulations in the one-dimensional case confirm the generic existence of an optimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gueudré
- CNRS-Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Cedex 05, Paris, France
| | - Alexander Dobrinevski
- CNRS-Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Cedex 05, Paris, France
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41
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Zhao Y, Wu W, Tang X, Andersen NH, Han Z, Grivel JC. Epitaxial growth of YBa2Cu3O7−x films on Ce0.9La0.1O2−y buffered yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates by an all-chemical-solution route. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A high critical current density of 3 MA cm−2 (77 K, self-field) was achieved on a YBa2Cu3O7 film deposited on Ce0.9La0.1O2 buffered yttria-stabilized zirconia substrate, which is an all-chemical derived configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage
- Technical University of Denmark
- 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage
- Technical University of Denmark
- 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Physics
- Tsinghua University
| | - Xiao Tang
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage
- Technical University of Denmark
- 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Zhenghe Han
- Department of Physics
- Tsinghua University
- 100084 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jean-Claude Grivel
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage
- Technical University of Denmark
- 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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42
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da Silva LF, Avansi W, Andrés J, Ribeiro C, Moreira ML, Longo E, Mastelaro VR. Long-range and short-range structures of cube-like shape SrTiO3 powders: microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis and photocatalytic activity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:12386-93. [PMID: 23787693 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50643f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a detailed study on the influence of microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MAH) treatment time on both long and short range structures around Ti atoms of SrTiO3 powders. Few studies have been carried out on short-order structural properties as well as the relationship between the local order and the SrTiO3 photocatalytic properties. We use X-ray diffraction to determine the long-range structure, while the local environment around the Ti atom is probed with X-ray absorption spectroscopy and the vibration frequencies are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The faster crystallization of SrTiO3 powders provided by the MAH system resulted in large distortions of Ti-O bond lengths which remain unchanged even for a longer MAH treatment time. Despite the long-range structure being associated with ideal TiO6 clusters, X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements identified the presence of undercoordinated TiO5 clusters. Compared with the reference bulk SrTiO3, the hierarchical SrTiO3 cube-like shape showed enhanced photocatalytic activity, which was associated with the presence of these TiO5 clusters. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed that the superstructures based on a cube-like shape are formed by an assembly process, becoming well defined as a function of MAH treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís F da Silva
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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43
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Green DC, Glatzel S, Collins AM, Patil AJ, Hall SR. A new general synthetic strategy for phase-pure complex functional materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5767-5772. [PMID: 22927336 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201202683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability of ionic liquids to solvate inorganic salts completely has to date never been employed in the synthesis of complex inorganic materials. Here, we demonstrate that complex functional oxides, even those traditionally considered extremely difficult to synthesize in bulk, such as quinternary superconductors, are produced with no impurity phases and on timescales that are much shorter than other synthetic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Green
- Complex Functional Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, UK
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Nanorod Self-Assembly in High J c YBa₂Cu₃O₇ -x Films with Ru-Based Double Perovskites. MATERIALS 2011; 4:2042-2056. [PMID: 28824122 PMCID: PMC5448850 DOI: 10.3390/ma4112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many second phase additions to YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) films, in particular those that self-assemble into aligned nanorod and nanoparticle structures, enhance performance in self and applied fields. Of particular interest for additions are Ba-containing perovskites that are compatible with YBCO. In this report, we discuss the addition of Ba2YRuO6 to bulk and thick-film YBCO. Sub-micron, randomly oriented particles of this phase were found to form around grain boundaries and within YBCO grains in bulk sintered pellets. Within the limits of EDS, no Ru substitution into the YBCO was observed. Thick YBCO films were grown by pulsed laser deposition from a target consisting of YBa2Cu3Oy with 5 and 2.5 mole percent additions of Ba2YRuO6 and Y2O3, respectively. Films with enhanced in-field performance contained aligned, self-assembled Ba2YRuO6 nanorods and strained Y2O3 nanoparticle layers. A 0.9 µm thick film was found to have a self-field critical current density (Jc) of 5.1 MA/cm2 with minimum Jc(Θ, H=1T) of 0.75 MA/cm2. Conversely, Jc characteristics were similar to YBCO films without additions when these secondary phases formed as large, disordered phases within the film. A 2.3 µm thick film with such a distribution of secondary phases was found to have reduced self-field Jc values of 3.4 MA/cm2 at 75.5 K and Jc(min, Θ, 1T) of 0.4 MA/cm2.
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Ye T, Dong Z, Zhao Y, Yu J, Wang F, Guo S, Zou Y. Controllable synthesis and photoluminescence of single-crystalline BaHfO3 hollow micro- and nanospheres. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8878-84. [PMID: 21650461 DOI: 10.1021/la201749z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a facile hydrothermal route to synthesize monodispersive and single-crystalline BaHfO(3) hollow micro- and nanospheres in a concentrated basic environment. The hollow spheres were size tunable from submicrometer to nanoscale by simply adjusting the base concentration at a suitable temperature. The base concentration played the key role on forming BaHfO(3) hollow spheres. Detailed investigations on base concentration, reaction temperature, and duration indicated that the formation of BaHfO(3) hollow spheres was driven by Ostwald ripening process. Because of the abundance of defects, the as-prepared BaHfO(3) hollow nanospheres exhibited a blue light emission under UV-light excitation at room temperature. Calcination led to the photoluminescence declination due to the decrease of defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiannan Ye
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fiber Modification and Functional Fiber, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, China
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Gurevich A. To use or not to use cool superconductors? NATURE MATERIALS 2011; 10:255-259. [PMID: 21430664 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gurevich
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
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Ye T, Dong Z, Zhao Y, Yu J, Wang F, Guo S, Zou Y. Controllable fabrication of perovskite SrZrO3 hollow cuboidal nanoshells. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05206c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ye T, Dong Z, Zhao Y, Yu J, Wang F, Zhang L, Zou Y. Rationally fabricating hollow particles of complex oxides by a templateless hydrothermal route: the case of single-crystalline SrHfO3 hollow cuboidal nanoshells. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:2601-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01354d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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