1
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Xu Z, Lau TW, Xiong P, Li J, Li MMJ, Yin J, Zhu Y. Imaging Anisotropic Proton Intercalation in Photochromic MoO 3. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:9727-9733. [PMID: 39058683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Protonation represents a fundamental chemical process with promising applications in the fields of energy, environment, and memory devices. Probing the protonation mechanism, however, presents a formidable challenge owing to the elusiveness of intercalated protons. In this work, we utilize the atomic and electronic structure changes associated with protonation to directly image the proton intercalation pathways in α-MoO3 induced by UV illumination. We reveal the anisotropic intercalation behavior which is initiated by photocatalyzed water dissociation preferentially at the (001) edges and then propagates along the c axis, transforming α-MoO3 into HxMoO3 to realize photochromism. This photochromic process can be reversed via heating in air, leading to anisotropic proton deintercalation, also preferentially along the c axis. The observed anisotropic behavior can be attributed to the intrinsically low energy barriers for both proton migration along the c axis and water dissociation/formation at (001) edges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000, China
| | - Ting Wai Lau
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000, China
| | - Pei Xiong
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000, China
| | - Jiangtong Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000, China
| | - Molly Meng-Jung Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000, China
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2
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Luo N, Ma L, Luo G, Xu C, Rao L, Chen Z, Cen Z, Feng Q, Chen X, Toyohisa F, Zhu Y, Hong J, Li JF, Zhang S. Well-defined double hysteresis loop in NaNbO3 antiferroelectrics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1776. [PMID: 36997552 PMCID: PMC10063644 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractAntiferroelectrics (AFEs) are promising candidates in energy-storage capacitors, electrocaloric solid-cooling, and displacement transducers. As an actively studied lead-free antiferroelectric (AFE) material, NaNbO3 has long suffered from its ferroelectric (FE)-like polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loops with high remnant polarization and large hysteresis. Guided by theoretical calculations, a new strategy of reducing the oxygen octahedral tilting angle is proposed to stabilize the AFE P phase (Space group Pbma) of NaNbO3. To validate this, we judiciously introduced CaHfO3 with a low Goldschmidt tolerance factor and AgNbO3 with a low electronegativity difference into NaNbO3, the decreased cation displacements and [BO6] octahedral tilting angles were confirmed by Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Of particular importance is that the 0.75NaNbO3−0.20AgNbO3−0.05CaHfO3 ceramic exhibits highly reversible phase transition between the AFE and FE states, showing well-defined double P-E loops and sprout-shaped strain-electric field curves with reduced hysteresis, low remnant polarization, high AFE-FE phase transition field, and zero negative strain. Our work provides a new strategy for designing NaNbO3-based AFE material with well-defined double P-E loops, which can also be extended to discover a variety of new lead-free AFEs.
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3
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Garcia-Martin S, King G, Urones-Garrote E, Woodward PM. Coupled Compositional and Displacive Modulations in KLaMnWO 6 Revealed by Atomic Resolution Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19121-19127. [PMID: 34730339 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Complex compositional and displacive modulations of the crystal structure of KLaMnWO6 are imaged with atomic resolution by means of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). This oxide is stabilized by cation vacancies leading to a La1+x/3K1-xMnWO6 stoichiometry. Compositional modulation on both the K and La layers are revealed in the high-angle annular dark-field STEM (HAADF-STEM) images. The compositional modulation within the La layer is coupled with the modulation of the octahedral tilting, which is exposed by imaging of the anion sublattice in annular bright-field STEM (ABF-STEM) images. These complex modulations are accommodated in a 5√2ap × 5√2ap × 2ap perovskite-type structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Garcia-Martin
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Graham King
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Esteban Urones-Garrote
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Patrick M Woodward
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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4
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Zschiesche H, Aygar AM, Langelier B, Szkopek T, Botton GA. Atomic scale chemical ordering in franckeite-a natural van der Waals superlattice. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:055403. [PMID: 34783682 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mineral franckeite is a naturally occurring van der Waals superlattice which has recently attracted attention for future applications in optoelectronics, biosensors and beyond. Furthermore, its stacking of incommensurately modulated 2D layers, the pseudo tetragonal Q-layer and the pseudo hexagonal H-layer, is an experimentally accessible prototype for the development of synthetic van der Waals materials and of advanced characterization methods to reveal new insights in their structure and chemistry at the atomic scale that is crucial for deep understanding of its properties. While some experimental studies have been undertaken in the past, much is still unknown on the correlation between local atomic structure and chemical composition within the layers. Here we present an investigation of the atomic structure of franckeite using state-of-the-art high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). With atomic-number image contrast in HAADF STEM direct information about both the geometric structure and its chemistry is provided. By imaging samples under different zone axes within the van der Waals plane, we propose refinements to the structure of the Q-layer and H-layer, including several chemical ordering effects that are expected to impact electronic structure calculations. Additionally, we observe and characterize stacking faults which are possible sources of differences between experimentally determined properties and calculations. Furthermore, we demonstrate advantages and discuss current limitations and perspectives of combining TEM and APT for the atomic scale characterization of incommensurately modulated von der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Zschiesche
- McMaster University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ayse Melis Aygar
- McGill University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3480 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
| | - Brian Langelier
- McMaster University, Canadian Center for Electron microscopy, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Thomas Szkopek
- McGill University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3480 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
| | - Gianluigi A Botton
- McMaster University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
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5
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Xu C, Chen Y, Cai X, Meingast A, Guo X, Wang F, Lin Z, Lo TW, Maunders C, Lazar S, Wang N, Lei D, Chai Y, Zhai T, Luo X, Zhu Y. Two-Dimensional Antiferroelectricity in Nanostripe-Ordered In_{2}Se_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:047601. [PMID: 32794817 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.047601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have been an exciting frontier for exploring emerging physics at reduced dimensionality, with a variety of exotic properties demonstrated at 2D limit. Here, we report the first experimental discovery of in-plane antiferroelectricity in a 2D material β^{'}-In_{2}Se_{3}, using optical and electron microscopy consolidated by first-principles calculations. Different from conventional 3D antiferroelectricity, antiferroelectricity in β^{'}-In_{2}Se_{3} is confined within the 2D layer and generates the unusual nanostripe ordering: the individual nanostripes exhibit local ferroelectric polarization, whereas the neighboring nanostripes are antipolar with zero net polarization. Such a unique superstructure is underpinned by the intriguing competition between 2D ferroelectric and antiferroelectric ordering in β^{'}-In_{2}Se_{3}, which can be preserved down to single-layer thickness as predicted by calculation. Besides demonstrating 2D antiferroelectricity, our finding further resolves the true nature of the β^{'}-In_{2}Se_{3} superstructure that has been under debate for over four decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yancong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiangbin Cai
- Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arno Meingast
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Xuyun Guo
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fakun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ziyuan Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz Wing Lo
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christian Maunders
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sorin Lazar
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dangyuan Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Chai
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
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6
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Yücelen E, Lazić I, Bosch EGT. Phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging of light and heavy atoms at the limit of contrast and resolution. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2676. [PMID: 29422551 PMCID: PMC5805791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20377-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Using state of the art scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) it is nowadays possible to directly image single atomic columns at sub-Å resolution. In standard (high angle) annular dark field STEM ((HA)ADF-STEM), however, light elements are usually invisible when imaged together with heavier elements in one image. Here we demonstrate the capability of the recently introduced Integrated Differential Phase Contrast STEM (iDPC-STEM) technique to image both light and heavy atoms in a thin sample at sub-Å resolution. We use the technique to resolve both the Gallium and Nitrogen dumbbells in a GaN crystal in [\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\bf{10}}\bar{{\bf{1}}}{\bf{1}}$$\end{document}101¯1] orientation, which each have a separation of only 63 pm. Reaching this ultimate resolution even for light elements is possible due to the fact that iDPC-STEM is a direct phase imaging technique that allows fine-tuning the microscope while imaging. Apart from this qualitative imaging result, we also demonstrate a quantitative match of ratios of the measured intensities with theoretical predictions based on simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Yücelen
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (formerly FEI), Achtseweg Noord 5, 5600KA, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Ivan Lazić
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (formerly FEI), Achtseweg Noord 5, 5600KA, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Eric G T Bosch
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (formerly FEI), Achtseweg Noord 5, 5600KA, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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7
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Kepaptsoglou D, Baran JD, Azough F, Ekren D, Srivastava D, Molinari M, Parker SC, Ramasse QM, Freer R. Prospects for Engineering Thermoelectric Properties in La 1/3NbO 3 Ceramics Revealed via Atomic-Level Characterization and Modeling. Inorg Chem 2017; 57:45-55. [PMID: 29257680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A combination of experimental and computational techniques has been employed to explore the crystal structure and thermoelectric properties of A-site-deficient perovskite La1/3NbO3 ceramics. Crystallographic data from X-ray and electron diffraction confirmed that the room temperature structure is orthorhombic with Cmmm as a space group. Atomically resolved imaging and analysis showed that there are two distinct A sites: one is occupied with La and vacancies, and the second site is fully unoccupied. The diffuse superstructure reflections observed through diffraction techniques are shown to originate from La vacancy ordering. La1/3NbO3 ceramics sintered in air showed promising high-temperature thermoelectric properties with a high Seebeck coefficient of S1 = -650 to -700 μV/K and a low and temperature-stable thermal conductivity of k = 2-2.2 W/m·K in the temperature range of 300-1000 K. First-principles electronic structure calculations are used to link the temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient measured experimentally to the evolution of the density of states with temperature and indicate possible avenues for further optimization through electron doping and control of the A-site occupancies. Moreover, lattice thermal conductivity calculations give insights into the dependence of the thermal conductivity on specific crystallographic directions of the material, which could be exploited via nanostructuring to create high-efficiency compound thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakub D Baran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Feridoon Azough
- School of Materials, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Dursun Ekren
- School of Materials, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | | | - Marco Molinari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Huddersfield , Huddersfield HD1 3DH, U.K
| | - Stephen C Parker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Quentin M Ramasse
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury Campus , Daresbury WA4 4AD, U.K
| | - Robert Freer
- School of Materials, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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8
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Lin F, Liu Y, Yu X, Cheng L, Singer A, Shpyrko OG, Xin HL, Tamura N, Tian C, Weng TC, Yang XQ, Meng YS, Nordlund D, Yang W, Doeff MM. Synchrotron X-ray Analytical Techniques for Studying Materials Electrochemistry in Rechargeable Batteries. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13123-13186. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Yijin Liu
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94035, United States
| | - Xiqian Yu
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andrej Singer
- Department
of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Oleg G. Shpyrko
- Department
of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Huolin L. Xin
- Center for
Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Nobumichi Tamura
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chixia Tian
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Ying Shirley Meng
- Department
of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94035, United States
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Marca M. Doeff
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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9
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Quantitative comparison of bright field and annular bright field imaging modes for characterization of oxygen octahedral tilts. Ultramicroscopy 2017; 181:1-7. [PMID: 28478345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Octahedral tilt behavior is increasingly recognized as an important contributing factor to the physical behavior of perovskite oxide materials and especially their interfaces, necessitating the development of high-resolution methods of tilt mapping. There are currently two major approaches for quantitative imaging of tilts in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), bright field (BF) and annular bright field (ABF). In this paper, we show that BF STEM can be reliably used for measurements of oxygen octahedral tilts. While optimal conditions for BF imaging are more restricted with respect to sample thickness and defocus, we find that BF imaging with an aberration-corrected microscope with the accelerating voltage of 300kV gives us the most accurate quantitative measurement of the oxygen column positions. Using the tilted perovskite structure of BiFeO3 (BFO) as our test sample, we simulate BF and ABF images in a wide range of conditions, identifying the optimal imaging conditions for each mode. We show that unlike ABF imaging, BF imaging remains directly quantitatively interpretable for a wide range of the specimen mistilt, suggesting that it should be preferable to the ABF STEM imaging for quantitative structure determination.
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10
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Danaie M, Kepaptsoglou D, Ramasse QM, Ophus C, Whittle KR, Lawson SM, Pedrazzini S, Young NP, Bagot PAJ, Edmondson PD. Characterization of Ordering in A-Site Deficient Perovskite Ca1–xLa2x/3TiO3 Using STEM/EELS. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9937-9948. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Danaie
- University of Oxford, Department of Materials, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Demie Kepaptsoglou
- SuperSTEM
Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury Campus, Keckwick Ln, Warrington WA4 4AD, U.K
| | - Quentin M. Ramasse
- SuperSTEM
Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury Campus, Keckwick Ln, Warrington WA4 4AD, U.K
| | - Colin Ophus
- National
Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 67 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Karl R. Whittle
- University of Sheffield, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Immobilisation Science Laboratory, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
- School
of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K
| | - Sebastian M. Lawson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Immobilisation Science Laboratory, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
| | - Stella Pedrazzini
- University of Oxford, Department of Materials, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Neil P. Young
- University of Oxford, Department of Materials, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Paul A. J. Bagot
- University of Oxford, Department of Materials, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Philip D. Edmondson
- Materials Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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11
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Murphy GL, Kennedy BJ, Kimpton JA, Gu Q, Johannessen B, Beridze G, Kowalski PM, Bosbach D, Avdeev M, Zhang Z. Nonstoichiometry in Strontium Uranium Oxide: Understanding the Rhombohedral–Orthorhombic Transition in SrUO4. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9329-34. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel L. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Brendan J. Kennedy
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Justin A. Kimpton
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn
Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Qinfen Gu
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn
Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Bernt Johannessen
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn
Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - George Beridze
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-6 Nuclear
Waste Management and Reactor Safety, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- JARA High-Performance Computing, Schinkelstrasse 2, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Piotr M. Kowalski
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-6 Nuclear
Waste Management and Reactor Safety, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- JARA High-Performance Computing, Schinkelstrasse 2, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Bosbach
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-6 Nuclear
Waste Management and Reactor Safety, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- JARA High-Performance Computing, Schinkelstrasse 2, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Maxim Avdeev
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South
Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Zhaoming Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South
Wales 2234, Australia
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12
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Polking MJ. Deciphering the physics and chemistry of perovskites with transmission electron microscopy. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:6237-6248. [PMID: 26762871 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06186e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite oxides exhibit rich structural complexity and a broad range of functional properties, including ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, and superconductivity. The development of aberration correction for the transmission electron microscope and concurrent progress in electron spectroscopy, electron holography, and other techniques has fueled rapid progress in the understanding of the physics and chemistry of these materials. New techniques based on the transmission electron microscope are first surveyed, and the applications of these techniques for the study of the structure, chemistry, electrostatics, and dynamics of perovskite oxides are then explored in detail, with a particular focus on ferroelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Polking
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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13
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Ophus C, Ciston J, Pierce J, Harvey TR, Chess J, McMorran BJ, Czarnik C, Rose HH, Ercius P. Efficient linear phase contrast in scanning transmission electron microscopy with matched illumination and detector interferometry. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10719. [PMID: 26923483 PMCID: PMC4773450 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to image light elements in soft matter at atomic resolution enables unprecedented insight into the structure and properties of molecular heterostructures and beam-sensitive nanomaterials. In this study, we introduce a scanning transmission electron microscopy technique combining a pre-specimen phase plate designed to produce a probe with structured phase with a high-speed direct electron detector to generate nearly linear contrast images with high efficiency. We demonstrate this method by using both experiment and simulation to simultaneously image the atomic-scale structure of weakly scattering amorphous carbon and strongly scattering gold nanoparticles. Our method demonstrates strong contrast for both materials, making it a promising candidate for structural determination of heterogeneous soft/hard matter samples even at low electron doses comparable to traditional phase-contrast transmission electron microscopy. Simulated images demonstrate the extension of this technique to the challenging problem of structural determination of biological material at the surface of inorganic crystals. Scanning transmission electron microscopy is a powerful material probe, but constrained to large atomic number samples due to the issues of beam damage and weak scattering. Here, Ophus et al. propose a method that produces linear phase contrast in a focused electron beam to image dose-sensitive objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Ophus
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jim Ciston
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jordan Pierce
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, 1585 E 13th Avenue, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Tyler R Harvey
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, 1585 E 13th Avenue, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Jordan Chess
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, 1585 E 13th Avenue, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Benjamin J McMorran
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, 1585 E 13th Avenue, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Cory Czarnik
- Gatan Inc., 5794 W Las Positas Boulevard, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Harald H Rose
- Department of Physics, Center for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Ercius
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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