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Clathrin: the molecular shape shifter. Biochem J 2021; 478:3099-3123. [PMID: 34436540 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clathrin is best known for its contribution to clathrin-mediated endocytosis yet it also participates to a diverse range of cellular functions. Key to this is clathrin's ability to assemble into polyhedral lattices that include curved football or basket shapes, flat lattices or even tubular structures. In this review, we discuss clathrin structure and coated vesicle formation, how clathrin is utilised within different cellular processes including synaptic vesicle recycling, hormone desensitisation, spermiogenesis, cell migration and mitosis, and how clathrin's remarkable 'shapeshifting' ability to form diverse lattice structures might contribute to its multiple cellular functions.
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Tagiltsev G, Haselwandter CA, Scheuring S. Nanodissected elastically loaded clathrin lattices relax to increased curvature. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/33/eabg9934. [PMID: 34389539 PMCID: PMC8363152 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg9934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the major endocytosis pathway for the specific internalization of large compounds, growth factors, and receptors. Formation of internalized vesicles from the flat plasma membrane is accompanied by maturation of cytoplasmic clathrin coats. How clathrin coats mature and the mechanistic role of clathrin coats are still largely unknown. Maturation models proposed clathrin coats to mature at constant radius or constant area, driven by molecular actions or elastic energy. Here, combining high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) imaging, HS-AFM nanodissection, and elasticity theory, we show that clathrin lattices deviating from the intrinsic curvature of clathrin form elastically loaded assemblies. Upon nanodissection of the clathrin network, the stored elastic energy in these lattices drives lattice relaxation to accommodate an ideal area-curvature ratio toward the formation of closed clathrin-coated vesicles. Our work supports that the release of elastic energy stored in curvature-frustrated clathrin lattices could play a major role in CME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory Tagiltsev
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christoph A Haselwandter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Simon Scheuring
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Zwitterion Effect of Cow Brain Protein towards Efficiency Improvement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:7910702. [PMID: 32148468 PMCID: PMC7049871 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7910702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) constitutes a solar cell using natural dyes from plants that are adsorbed in semiconductors to convert solar energy into electrical energy. DSSC has relatively inexpensive fabrication costs, is easy to produce, works in visible light, and is environmentally friendly. The disadvantage of DSSC is that its efficiency is still low compared to silicon solar cells. This low efficiency is due to obstacles in the flow of electric current on DSSC. In this study, DSSC has been successfully fabricated with the deposition of clathrin protein from cow brain. The zwitterions effect of protein on cow brain is able to reduce resistance and increase electric current on DSSC. The zwitterions effect of cow brain protein that fills gaps or empty spaces between TiO2 particles generates acidic reactions (capturing electrons) and bases (releasing electrons); hence, proteins in the cow brain are able to function as electron bridges between TiO2 molecules and generate an increase in electric current in DSSC. The method used in this research was to deposit clathrin protein from cow brain in a porous TiO2 semiconductor with a concentration of 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. Tests carried out on DSSC that have been performed were X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) testing to determine the crystal structure formed, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) testing to determine the functional groups formed on DSSC, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) testing to determine the surface morphological characteristics of the DSSC layer, and testing the efficiency using AM 1.5 G solar simulator (1000 W/m2) to determine the efficiency changes that occur in DSSC. From the XRD test results by increasing the concentration of cow brain protein in DSSC, the structure of amino acid crystals also increased and the crystal size increased with the largest crystal size of 42.25 nm at the addition of 75% of cow brain protein. FTIR test results show that the addition of cow brain protein will form functional protein-forming amino groups on DSSC. FTIR analysis shows the sharp absorption of energy by protein functional groups in the FTIR spectrum with increasing concentration of cow brain protein in DSSC. The SEM test results show that the concentration of additional molecules of protein deposited into TiO2 increases and the cavity or pore between the TiO2 molecules decreases. The reduction of cavities in the layers indicates that protein molecules fill cavities that exist between TiO2 molecules. From the results of testing using AM 1.5 G solar simulator (1000 W/m2), the highest efficiency value is 1.465% with the addition of 75% brain protein concentration.
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Du M, Zhou K, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Dong J, Wu L, Qiao Z, Chen G, Wang Q. Precise Fabrication of De Novo Nanoparticle Lattices on Dynamic 2D Protein Crystalline Lattices. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1154-1160. [PMID: 31874042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The science of protein self-assembly has experienced significant development, from discrete building blocks of self-assembled nanoarchitectures to advanced nanostructures with adaptive functionalities. Despite the prominent achievements in the field, the desire of designing de novo protein-nanoparticle (NP) complexes and constructing dynamic NP systems remains highly challenging. In previous works, l-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase (C98RhuA) tetramers were self-assembled into two-dimensional (2D) lattices via disulfide bond interactions. These interactions provided 2D lattices with high structural quality and a sophisticated assembly mode. In this study, we devised a rational design for RhuA building blocks to fabricate 2D functionalized protein lattices. More importantly, the lattices were used to direct the precise assembly of NPs into highly ordered and diverse nanoarchitectures. These structures can be employed as an excellent tool to adequately verify the self-assembly mode and structural quality of the designed RhuA crystals. The subsequent redesign of RhuA building blocks enabled us to predictably produce a novel protein lattice whose conformational dynamics can be controllably regulated. Thus, a dynamic system of AuNP lattices was achieved. Transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering indicated the presence of these diverse NP lattices. This contribution enables the fabrication of future NP structures in a more programmable manner with more expected properties for potential applications in nanoelectronics and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Du
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Kun Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Jianting Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Yejun Zhang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Jinchen Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Longlong Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
- College of Materials Sciences and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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Zhang J, Zhou K, Zhang Y, Du M, Wang Q. Precise Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles into Ordered Nanoarchitectures Directed by Tobacco Mosaic Virus Coat Protein. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901485. [PMID: 30977207 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly guided by biological molecules is a promising approach for fabricating predesigned nanostructures. Protein is one such biomolecule possessing deterministic 3D crystal structure and peptide information, which acts as a good candidate for templating functional nanoparticles (fNPs). However, inadequate coordination efficacy during the establishment of interfacial interactions with fNPs makes it highly challenging to precisely fabricate designed nanostructures and functional materials. Here, a facile and robust strategy is reported for the hierarchical assembly of fNPs into ordered architectures, with unprecedentedly large sizes up to tens of micrometers, using a hollow cylinder-shaped tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV disk). The rational design of the site-specific functional groups on the TMV disk not only demonstrates the powerful capability of directing various discrete fNP assemblies with high controllability but also assists in precise assembly of a TMV monolayer sheet structure for further organizing homogeneous and heterogeneous fNP periodic lattices by varying the types of fNPs. The high precision and adjustability of the pattern fashions of different fNPs unambiguously corroborate the validity of this innovative strategy, which provides a convenient route to design and assemble protein-based hierarchical ordered architectures for use in nanophotonics and nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yejun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Mingming Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Bari NK, Kumar G, Bhatt A, Hazra JP, Garg A, Ali ME, Sinha S. Nanoparticle Fabrication on Bacterial Microcompartment Surface for the Development of Hybrid Enzyme-Inorganic Catalyst. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naimat Kalim Bari
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Aashish Bhatt
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Jagadish Prasad Hazra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ankush Garg
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Md. Ehesan Ali
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sharmistha Sinha
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
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Prodan E, Dobiszewski K, Kanwal A, Palmieri J, Prodan C. Dynamical Majorana edge modes in a broad class of topological mechanical systems. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14587. [PMID: 28230164 PMCID: PMC5331332 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical systems can display topological characteristics similar to that of topological insulators. Here we report a large class of topological mechanical systems related to the BDI symmetry class. These are self-assembled chains of rigid bodies with an inversion centre and no reflection planes. The particle-hole symmetry characteristic to the BDI symmetry class stems from the distinct behaviour of the translational and rotational degrees of freedom under inversion. This and other generic properties led us to the remarkable conclusion that, by adjusting the gyration radius of the bodies, one can always simultaneously open a gap in the phonon spectrum, lock-in all the characteristic symmetries and generate a non-trivial topological invariant. The particle-hole symmetry occurs around a finite frequency, and hence we can witness a dynamical topological Majorana edge mode. Contrasting a floppy mode occurring at zero frequency, a dynamical edge mode can absorb and store mechanical energy, potentially opening new applications of topological mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Prodan
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Kyle Dobiszewski
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Alokik Kanwal
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - John Palmieri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Camelia Prodan
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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Deci MB, Ferguson SW, Liu M, Peterson DC, Koduvayur SP, Nguyen J. Utilizing clathrin triskelions as carriers for spatially controlled multi-protein display. Biomaterials 2016; 108:120-8. [PMID: 27627809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous and spatially controlled display of different proteins on nanocarriers is a desirable property not often achieved in practice. Here, we report the use of clathrin triskelions as a versatile platform for functional protein display. We hypothesized that site-specific molecular epitope recognition would allow for effective and ordered protein attachment to clathrin triskelions. Clathrin binding peptides (CBPs) were genetically fused to mCherry and green fluorescent protein (GFP), expressed, and loaded onto clathrin triskelions by site-specific binding. Attachment was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance. mCherry fusion proteins modified with various CBPs displayed binding affinities between 470 nM and 287 μM for the clathrin triskelions. Simultaneous attachment of GFP-Wbox and mCherry-Cbox fusion constructs to the clathrin terminal domain was verified by Förster resonance energy transfer. The circulating half-lives, area under the curve, and the terminal half-lives of GFP and mCherry were significantly increased when attached to clathrin triskelions. Clathrin triskelion technology is useful for the development of versatile and multifunctional carriers for spatially controlled protein or peptide display with tremendous potential in nanotechnology, drug delivery, vaccine development, and targeted therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Deci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Scott W Ferguson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Maixian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Damian C Peterson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Sujatha P Koduvayur
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
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Batoulis H, Schmidt TH, Weber P, Schloetel JG, Kandt C, Lang T. Concentration Dependent Ion-Protein Interaction Patterns Underlying Protein Oligomerization Behaviours. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24131. [PMID: 27052788 PMCID: PMC4823792 DOI: 10.1038/srep24131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salts and proteins comprise two of the basic molecular components of biological materials. Kosmotropic/chaotropic co-solvation and matching ion water affinities explain basic ionic effects on protein aggregation observed in simple solutions. However, it is unclear how these theories apply to proteins in complex biological environments and what the underlying ionic binding patterns are. Using the positive ion Ca2+ and the negatively charged membrane protein SNAP25, we studied ion effects on protein oligomerization in solution, in native membranes and in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We find that concentration-dependent ion-induced protein oligomerization is a fundamental chemico-physical principle applying not only to soluble but also to membrane-anchored proteins in their native environment. Oligomerization is driven by the interaction of Ca2+ ions with the carboxylate groups of aspartate and glutamate. From low up to middle concentrations, salt bridges between Ca2+ ions and two or more protein residues lead to increasingly larger oligomers, while at high concentrations oligomers disperse due to overcharging effects. The insights provide a conceptual framework at the interface of physics, chemistry and biology to explain binding of ions to charged protein surfaces on an atomistic scale, as occurring during protein solubilisation, aggregation and oligomerization both in simple solutions and membrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Batoulis
- Membrane Biochemistry, Life &Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas H Schmidt
- Membrane Biochemistry, Life &Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pascal Weber
- Membrane Biochemistry, Life &Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan-Gero Schloetel
- Membrane Biochemistry, Life &Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Kandt
- Life Science Informatics B-IT, Computational Structural Biology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lang
- Membrane Biochemistry, Life &Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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