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Naara S, Andrews C, Sikora A, Williams M, Chambers M, Myers J, Amit M. Oral Pre-malignancy: An Update on Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Oncol Rep 2024:10.1007/s11912-024-01562-1. [PMID: 38865005 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current advances in managing and preventing progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), focusing on their histological and clinicopathological features, and management. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies, including a multicenter cross-sectional study, have identified oral leukoplakia as the most prevalent form of OPMD, comprising over half of the cases examined. Advances in histological grading, specifically the World Health Organization's three-tier system (mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia), have significantly enhanced the accuracy of risk assessment for malignant transformation. Additionally, treatments such as surgical interventions, photodynamic therapy, and chemopreventive and molecularly targeted agents are being evaluated for their safety and efficacy as well as, immune checkpoint inhibitors being evaluated as potential preventive strategies to halt the progression of OPMDs. The management of OPMDs remains challenging due to the lack of standardized screening protocols and varied clinical management approaches. Despite this, recent advancements in diagnostic grading and therapeutic interventions provide a framework for improved treatment outcomes. Continued research into the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving development and progression of OPMDs and innovative treatment trials are essential to optimize strategies that prevent malignant progression and thereby reduce the global health burden of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorook Naara
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clara Andrews
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Sikora
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Williams
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark Chambers
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Myers
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Moran Amit
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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2
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Russo GL, Spagnuolo C, Russo M. Reassessing the role of phytochemicals in cancer chemoprevention. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116165. [PMID: 38527559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
In this comprehensive review we tried to reassess the role of phytochemicals in cancer chemoprevention. The exploration of the "synergistic effect" concept, advocating combined chemopreventive agents, faces challenges like low bioavailability. The review incorporates personal, occasionally controversial, viewpoints on natural compounds' cancer preventive capabilities, delving into mechanisms. Prioritizing significant contributions within the vast research domain, we aim stimulating discussion to provide a comprehensive insight into the evolving role of phytochemicals in cancer prevention. While early years downplayed the role of phytochemicals, the late nineties witnessed a shift, with leaders exploring their potential alongside synthetic compounds. Challenges faced by chemoprevention, such as limited pharmaceutical interest and cost-effectiveness issues, persist despite successful drugs. Recent studies, including the EPIC study, provide nuanced insights, indicating a modest risk reduction for increased fruit and vegetable intake. Phytochemicals, once attributed to antioxidant effects, face scrutiny due to low bioavailability and conflicting evidence. The Nrf2-EpRE signaling pathway and microbiota-mediated metabolism emerge as potential mechanisms, highlighting the complexity of understanding phytochemical mechanisms in cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luigi Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, 83100 Avellino, Italy
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3
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Lo EK, Mears BM, Maurer HC, Idrizi A, Hansen KD, Thompson ED, Hruban RH, Olive KP, Feinberg AP. Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Indicates That Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia Lesions Are Acinar-Derived and Epigenetically Primed for Carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1905-1916. [PMID: 36989344 PMCID: PMC10239363 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-4052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is believed to arise from the accumulation of a series of somatic mutations and is also frequently associated with pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions. However, there is still debate as to whether the cell type-of-origin of PanINs and PDACs in humans is acinar or ductal. As cell type identity is maintained epigenetically, DNA methylation changes during pancreatic neoplasia can provide a compelling perspective to examine this question. Here, we performed laser-capture microdissection on surgically resected specimens from 18 patients to isolate, with high purity, DNA for whole-genome bisulfite sequencing from four relevant cell types: acini, nonneoplastic ducts, PanIN lesions, and PDAC lesions. Differentially methylated regions (DMR) were identified using two complementary analytical approaches: bsseq, which identifies any DMRs but is particularly useful for large block-like DMRs, and informME, which profiles the potential energy landscape across the genome and is particularly useful for identifying differential methylation entropy. Both global methylation profiles and block DMRs clearly implicated an acinar origin for PanINs. At the gene level, PanIN lesions exhibited an intermediate acinar-ductal phenotype resembling acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. In 97.6% of PanIN-specific DMRs, PanIN lesions had an intermediate methylation level between normal and PDAC, which suggests from an information theory perspective that PanIN lesions are epigenetically primed to progress to PDAC. Thus, epigenomic analysis complements histopathology to define molecular progression toward PDAC. The shared epigenetic lineage between PanIN and PDAC lesions could provide an opportunity for prevention by targeting aberrantly methylated progression-related genes. SIGNIFICANCE Analysis of DNA methylation landscapes provides insights into the cell-of-origin of PanIN lesions, clarifies the role of PanIN lesions as metaplastic precursors to human PDAC, and suggests potential targets for chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K.W. Lo
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian M. Mears
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H. Carlo Maurer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrian Idrizi
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kasper D. Hansen
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth D. Thompson
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ralph H. Hruban
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth P. Olive
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Andrew P. Feinberg
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, MD, USA
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Liao YH, Chou WY, Chang CW, Lin MC, Wang CP, Lou PJ, Chen TC. Chemoprevention of oral cancer: A review and future perspectives. Head Neck 2023; 45:1045-1059. [PMID: 36810813 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer causes significant morbidity and mortality. Chemoprevention utilizes medication or natural compounds to reverse oral premalignant lesions and to prevent second primary tumors. METHODS A comprehensive PubMed database and Cochrane Library search from 1980 to 2021 was performed using the keywords "leukoplakia," "oral premalignant lesion," and "chemoprevention." RESULTS Chemopreventive agents included retinoids, carotenoids, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, herbal extracts, bleomycin, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, metformin, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Although some agents demonstrated effect in reducing premalignant lesions and preventing second primary tumors, the results among different studies were highly variable. CONCLUSIONS The results of different trials, albeit inconsistent, provided substantial information for future studies. In the era of personalized medicine, future studies will focus on identifying specific biomarkers and molecular profile to monitor and to prevent malignant transformation. Larger trials are warranted to validate the effect of chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Chou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhen W, An S, Wang S, Hu W, Li Y, Jiang X, Li J. Precise Subcellular Organelle Targeting for Boosting Endogenous-Stimuli-Mediated Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101572. [PMID: 34611949 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Though numerous external-stimuli-triggered tumor therapies, including phototherapy, radiotherapy, and sonodynamic therapy have made great progress in cancer therapy, the low penetration depth of the laser, safety concerns of radiation, the therapeutic resistance, and the spatio-temporal constraints of the specific equipment restrict their convenient clinical applications. What is more, the inherent physiological barriers of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including hypoxia, heterogeneity, and high expression of antioxidant molecules also restrict the efficiency of tumor therapy. As a result, the development of nanoplatforms responsive to endogenous stimuli (such as glucose, acidic pH, cellular redox events, and etc.) has attracted great attention for starvation therapy, ion therapy, prodrug-mediated chemotherapy, or enzyme-catalyzed therapy. In addition, nanomedicines can be modified by some targeted units for precisely locating in subcellular organelles and boosting the destroying of tumor tissue, decreasing the dosage of nanoagents, reducing side effects, and enhancing the therapeutic efficiency. Herein, the properties of the TME, the advantages of endogenous stimuli, and the principles of subcellular-organelle-targeted strategies will be emphasized. Some necessary considerations for the exploitation of precision medicine and clinical translation of multifunctional nanomedicines in the future are also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Shangjie An
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Wenxue Hu
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110142, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jinghong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Dyshlovoy SA. Recent Updates on Marine Cancer-Preventive Compounds. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100558. [PMID: 34677457 PMCID: PMC8537284 DOI: 10.3390/md19100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural compounds derived from marine organisms often exhibit unique chemical structures and potent biological activities. Cancer-preventive activity is one of the rather new activities that has emerged and been extensively studied over the last decades. This review summarizes the recent updates on the marine chemopreventive compounds covering the relevant literature published in 2013-2021 and following the previous comprehensive review by Stonik and Fedorov (Marine Drugs 2014, 12, 636-671). In the current article, only the molecules having an effect on malignant transformation (or related pathway and molecules), cancer stem cells, or carcinogen-induced in vivo tumor development were considered to be "true" cancer-preventive compounds and were, therefore, reviewed. Additionally, particular attention has been given to the molecular mechanisms of chemoprevention, executed by the reported marine compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dyshlovoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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Ramazani A, Karimi M, Hosseinzadeh Z, Rezayati S, Hanifehpour Y, Joo SW. Syntheses and Antitumor Properties of Furoxan Derivatives. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210208183751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Iran, next to heart disease. Current
therapy suffers from the major limitations of side effects and drug resistance, so the characterization
of new structures that can be power-selective and less-toxic anticancer agents is the
main challenge to medicinal chemistry research. Furoxan (1,2,5-oxadiazole-2-oxide) is a crucial
compound with many medicinal and pharmaceutical properties. The most important aspect
of furoxan is the nitric oxide (NO) molecule. One of the most essential furoxan derivatives,
which could be utilized in medicinal goals and pharmaceutical affairs, is benzofuroxan.
Furoxan could be described as a NO-donating compound in a variety of reactions, which
could also appear as hybridised with different medicinal compounds. This review article presents
a summary of syntheses and antitumor properties of furoxan derivatives as possible
chemotherapy agents for cancer. Furoxan can inhibit tumor growth in vivo without any side
effects in normal cells. Furthermore, due to NO-releasing in high levels in vivo and a wide
range of anticancer compounds, furoxan derivatives and especially its hybridised compounds could be considered as
antitumor, cytotoxic and apoptosis compounds to be applied in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Masoud Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Sobhan Rezayati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Younes Hanifehpour
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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Roussin M, Lowe J, Hamilton A, Martin L. Factors of sexual quality of life in gynaecological cancers: a systematic literature review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:791-805. [PMID: 33847794 PMCID: PMC8325662 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment on sexual quality of life (SQoL) is a well-established survivorship issue for gynaecological cancer survivors (GCS), yet little is known on how to intervene. Purpose The aim of this systematic review was to identify the factors explaining the variability in SQoL for GCS. Methods We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework and the software Covidence. Electronic databases Scopus, Web of Science, PUBMED and CINAHL were searched for original research on GCS published between 2002 and 2018. We performed a two-stage screening process against selection criteria and quality assessment of individual studies. The Salutogenic Theory and the PRECEDE–PROCEED model were used as theoretical frameworks to identify and categorise factors. Results The initial search yielded 3,505 articles resulting in a total of 46 studies used to examine the association between factors of SQoL and gynaecological cancers. Our findings suggested that SQoL varies across subgroups based on age, menopausal status, relationship status, and treatment modality. Protective factors included clinicians’ knowledge and confidence, preventive medical approach, risk and needs assessment, patient–clinician communication, relationship quality, psychosocial support, symptom management, accessibility of psychosexual care, and self-efficacy in the rediscovery of sexuality. Conclusion Despite the high incidence and long-term impact of sexual health issues on quality of life, supportive care needs are not being met. A better understanding of the evidence base around the factors of SQoL can help health professionals take steps to protect and improve SQoL in GCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Roussin
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sunshine Coast, QLD, 4556, Australia.
| | - John Lowe
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sunshine Coast, QLD, 4556, Australia
| | - Anita Hamilton
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sunshine Coast, QLD, 4556, Australia
| | - Lisa Martin
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sunshine Coast, QLD, 4556, Australia
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Maniewska J, Jeżewska D. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040594. [PMID: 33546238 PMCID: PMC7913298 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There is growing evidence from epidemiologic, preclinical and clinical studies suggesting that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play a beneficial role in colorectal cancer chemoprevention. They reduce the risk of colorectal polyps, mostly by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition. The aim of our work was to describe the current state of scientific knowledge on the potential added value of the use of NSAIDs (such as aspirin, sulindac, and celecoxib) as chemopreventive agents in patients at risk of colorectal cancer. The study confirmed that there is a link between the long-term use of the NSAIDs and a decrease in the risk of colorectal cancer. Abstract Since colorectal cancer is one of the world’s most common cancers, studies on its prevention and early diagnosis are an emerging area of clinical oncology these days. For this study, a review of randomized controlled, double-blind clinical trials of selected NSAIDs (aspirin, sulindac and celecoxib) in chemoprevention of colorectal cancer was conducted. The main molecular anticancer activity of NSAIDs is thought to be a suppression of prostaglandin E2 synthesis via cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition, which causes a decrease in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and increases apoptosis. The lower incidence of colorectal cancer in the NSAID patients suggests the long-lasting chemopreventive effect of drugs studied. This new approach to therapy of colorectal cancer may transform the disease from a terminal to a chronic one that can be taken under control.
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Di Sotto A, Mancinelli R, Gullì M, Eufemi M, Mammola CL, Mazzanti G, Di Giacomo S. Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3034. [PMID: 33081075 PMCID: PMC7603190 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention is referred to as a strategy to inhibit, suppress, or reverse tumor development and progression in healthy people along with high-risk subjects and oncologic patients through using pharmacological or natural substances. Numerous phytochemicals have been widely described in the literature to possess chemopreventive properties, although their clinical usefulness remains to be defined. Among them, caryophyllane sesquiterpenes are natural compounds widely occurring in nature kingdoms, especially in plants, fungi, and marine environments. Several structures, characterized by a common caryophyllane skeleton with further rearrangements, have been identified, but those isolated from plant essential oils, including β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, α-humulene, and isocaryophyllene, have attracted the greatest pharmacological attention. Emerging evidence has outlined a complex polypharmacological profile of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes characterized by blocking, suppressing, chemosensitizing, and cytoprotective properties, which suggests a possible usefulness of these natural substances in cancer chemoprevention for both preventive and adjuvant purposes. In the present review, the scientific knowledge about the chemopreventive properties of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes and the mechanisms involved have been collected and discussed; moreover, possible structure-activity relationships have been highlighted. Although further high-quality studies are required, the promising preclinical findings and the safe pharmacological profile encourage further studies to define a clinical usefulness of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes in primary, secondary, or tertiary chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.G.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Romina Mancinelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Marco Gullì
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.G.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Caterina Loredana Mammola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Gabriela Mazzanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.G.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.G.); (S.D.G.)
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Pathak P, Naumovich V, Grishina M, Potemkin V. The study of EGFR-ligand complex electron property relationship with biological activity. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:375-388. [PMID: 32897174 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1813629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation grounded on estimation of electron properties of the structures of EGFR proteins-ligand complexes using our laboratory-developed methodology AlteQ approach, which describes the molecular electron density of the complex in space for a certain point in three-dimensional coordinates. Briefly, the system embodies molecular electron density as a sum of Slater's type atomic increments of the molecular system. Further, using this methodology, we calculated different electron characteristics of selected EGFR protein-ligand complexes and established the relationship between different electron properties with their experimental pharmacological activity value (pIC50). The study suggested that EGFR inhibitory activity has higher correlation with intermolecular contacts of H with pi-system of aromatic ring between protein and ligands. Therefore, this created model has impact to identify and design potential ligands against EGFR in anticancer drug discovery.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Pathak
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Vladislav Naumovich
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Maria Grishina
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Potemkin
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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Barry EL, Fedirko V, Uppal K, Ma C, Liu K, Mott LA, Peacock JL, Passarelli MN, Baron JA, Jones DP. Metabolomics Analysis of Aspirin's Effects in Human Colon Tissue and Associations with Adenoma Risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:863-876. [PMID: 32655007 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although substantial evidence supports aspirin's efficacy in colorectal cancer chemoprevention, key molecular mechanisms are uncertain. An untargeted metabolomics approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to elucidate metabolic effects of aspirin treatment in human colon tissue. We measured 10,269 metabolic features in normal mucosal biopsies collected at colonoscopy after approximately 3 years of randomized treatment with placebo, 81 or 325 mg/day aspirin from 325 participants in the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study. Linear regression was used to identify aspirin-associated metabolic features and network analysis was used to identify pathways and predict metabolite identities. Poisson regression was used to examine metabolic features associations with colorectal adenoma risk. We detected 471 aspirin-associated metabolic features. Aside from the carnitine shuttle, aspirin-associated metabolic pathways were largely distinct for 81 mg aspirin (e.g., pyrimidine metabolism) and 325 mg (e.g., arachidonic acid metabolism). Among aspirin-associated metabolic features, we discovered three that were associated with adenoma risk and could contribute to the chemopreventive effect of aspirin treatment, and which have also previously been associated with colorectal cancer: creatinine, glycerol 3-phosphate, and linoleate. The last two of these are in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, which was associated with 81 mg aspirin treatment and provides precursors for the synthesis of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid upstream of cyclooxygenase inhibition by aspirin. Conversely, carnitine shuttle metabolites were increased with aspirin treatment and associated with increased adenoma risk. Thus, our untargeted metabolomics approach has identified novel metabolites and pathways that may underlie the effects of aspirin during early colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Barry
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire.
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Karan Uppal
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chunyu Ma
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ken Liu
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Leila A Mott
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Janet L Peacock
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | - Michael N Passarelli
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - John A Baron
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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13
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Li B, Zhou D, Li S, Feng Y, Li X, Chang W, Zhang J, Sun Y, Qing D, Chen G, Li N. Licochalcone A reverses NNK-induced ectopic miRNA expression to elicit in vitro and in vivo chemopreventive effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153245. [PMID: 32505917 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoprevention is the best cost-effective way regarding cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be differentially expressed during the development of lung cancer. However, if lung cancer prevention can be achieved through modulating miRNAs expression so far remains unknown. PURPOSE To discover ectopically expressed miRNAs in NNK-induced lung cancer and clarify whether Licochalcone A (lico A) can prevent NNK-induced lung cancer by modulating miRNA expression. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A/J mice were used to construct a lung cancer model by intraperitoneal injection with physiological saline NNK (100 mg/kg). Chemopreventive effects of lico A against lung cancer at 2 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses were evaluated in vivo. MicroRNA array and RT-qPCR were used to assess the expression levels of miRNAs. MLE-12 cells were treated with 0.1 mg/ml NNK, stimulating the ectopic expression pattern of miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p. miR-144-3p mimics and inhibitors were used to manipulate miR-144-3p levels. The effects of lico A (10 μM) on cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and the expression of CK19, RASA1, miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p in NNK-treated MLE-12 cells were studied. RESULTS The expression levels of miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-29c-3p increased, while those of let-7d-3p and miR-328-3p decreased in both NNK-induced A/J mice and MLE-12 cells. Lico A could reverse the NNK-induced ectopic miRNA (miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p) expression both in vivo and in vitro and elicit in vivo lung cancer chemopreventive effect against NNK. In MLE-12 cells, the overexpression of miR-144-3p elicited the same effect as NNK regarding the expression of lung cancer biomarker CK19; the silencing of miR-144-3p reversed the effect of NNK on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Lico A could reverse the effect of NNK on the expression of miR-144-3p, CK19, and RASA1 (predicted target of miR-144-3p). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p were involved in the in vivo pathogenesis of NNK-induced lung cancer, and lico A could reverse the effect of NNK both in vivo and in vitro to elicit lung cancer chemopreventive effects through, at least partially, these five ectopically expressed miRNAs, especially miR-144-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Physical Education College, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Yu Sun
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Degang Qing
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China.
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14
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Samiei E, Seyfoori A, Toyota B, Ghavami S, Akbari M. Investigating Programmed Cell Death and Tumor Invasion in a Three-Dimensional (3D) Microfluidic Model of Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3162. [PMID: 32365781 PMCID: PMC7246580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rapidly progressive and deadly form of brain tumor with a median survival rate of ~15 months. GBMs are hard to treat and significantly affect the patient's physical and cognitive abilities and quality of life. Temozolomide (TMZ)-an alkylating agent that causes DNA damage-is the only chemotherapy choice for the treatment of GBM. However, TMZ also induces autophagy and causes tumor cell resistance and thus fails to improve the survival rate among patients. Here, we studied the drug-induced programmed cell death and invasion inhibition capacity of TMZ and a mevalonate cascade inhibitor, simvastatin (Simva), in a three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic model of GBM. We elucidate the role of autophagy in apoptotic cell death by comparing apoptosis in autophagy knockdown cells (Atg7 KD) against their scrambled counterparts. Our results show that the cells were significantly less sensitive to drugs in the 3D model as compared to monolayer culture systems. An immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that apoptosis is the mechanism of cell death in TMZ- and Simva-treated glioma cells. However, the induction of apoptosis in the 3D model is significantly lower than in monolayer cultures. We have also shown that autophagy inhibition (Atg7 KD) did not change TMZ and Simva-induced apoptosis in the 3D microfluidic model. Overall, for the first time in this study we have established the simultaneous detection of drug induced apoptosis and autophagy in a 3D microfluidic model of GBM. Our study presents a potential ex vivo platform for developing novel therapeutic strategies tailored toward disrupting key molecular pathways involved in programmed cell death and tumor invasion in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Samiei
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 2C5, Canada; (E.S.); (A.S.)
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Amir Seyfoori
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 2C5, Canada; (E.S.); (A.S.)
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Brian Toyota
- Department of Surgery, Queens University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada;
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Departments of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
- The Biology of Breathing Theme, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 2C5, Canada; (E.S.); (A.S.)
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
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15
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Efferth T, Oesch F. Repurposing of plant alkaloids for cancer therapy: Pharmacology and toxicology. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 68:143-163. [PMID: 31883912 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug repurposing (or repositioning) is an emerging concept to use old drugs for new treatment indications. Phytochemicals isolated from medicinal plants have been largely neglected in this context, although their pharmacological activities have been well investigated in the past, and they may have considerable potentials for repositioning. A grand number of plant alkaloids inhibit syngeneic or xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Molecular modes of action in cancer cells include induction of cell cycle arrest, intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, autophagy, inhibition of angiogenesis and glycolysis, stress and anti-inflammatory responses, regulation of immune functions, cellular differentiation, and inhibition of invasion and metastasis. Numerous underlying signaling processes are affected by plant alkaloids. Furthermore, plant alkaloids suppress carcinogenesis, indicating chemopreventive properties. Some plant alkaloids reveal toxicities such as hepato-, nephro- or genotoxicity, which disqualifies them for repositioning purposes. Others even protect from hepatotoxicity or cardiotoxicity of xenobiotics and established anticancer drugs. The present survey of the published literature clearly demonstrates that plant alkaloids have the potential for repositioning in cancer therapy. Exploitation of the chemical diversity of natural alkaloids may enrich the candidate pool of compounds for cancer chemotherapy and -prevention. Their further preclinical and clinical development should follow the same stringent rules as for any other synthetic drug as well. Prospective randomized, placebo-controlled clinical phase I and II trials should be initiated to unravel the full potential of plant alkaloids for drug repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Franz Oesch
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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16
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Zhan C, Huang Y, Lin G, Huang S, Zeng F, Wu S. A Gold Nanocage/Cluster Hybrid Structure for Whole-Body Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography Imaging, EGFR Inhibitor Delivery, and Photothermal Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900309. [PMID: 31245925 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanocages (AuNCs) and gold nanoclusters (AuClusters) are two classes of advantageous nanostructures with special optical properties, and many other attractive properties. Integrating them into one nanosystem may achieve greater and smarter performance. Herein, a hybrid gold nanostructure for fluorescent and optoacoustic tomography imaging, controlled release of drugs, and photothermal therapy (PTT) is demonstrated. For this nanodrug (EA-AB), an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor erlotinib (EB) is loaded into AuNCs, which are then capped and functionalized by biocompatible AuCluster@BSA (BSA = bovine serum albumin) conjugates via electrostatic interaction. Upon cell internalization, the lysosomal proteases and low pH cause the release of EB from EA-AB, and also induce fluorescence restoration of the AuCluster for imaging. Irradiation with near-infrared light further promotes the drug release and affords a PTT effect as well. The AuNC-based nanodrug is optoacoustically active, and its biodistribution and metabolic process have been successfully monitored by whole-body and 3D multispectral optoacoustic tomography imaging. Owing to the combined actions of PTT and EGFR pathway blockage, EA-AB exhibits marked tumor inhibition efficacy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guifang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shuailing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shuizhu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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17
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Chen D, Li Y, Zhang X, Wu H, Wang Q, Cai J, Cui Y, Liu H, Lan P, Wang J, Yang Z, Wang L. Ubiquitin ligase TRIM65 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by targeting ARHGAP35 for protein degradation. Oncogene 2019; 38:6429-6444. [PMID: 31332286 PMCID: PMC6756236 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0891-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing protein 65 (TRIM65) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a critical regulator of a variety of cellular processes as well as tumor progression. Therefore, more substrates must be identified in the physiology or disease context. Here, we found that TRIM65 is upregulated and associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC). More specifically, high expression of TRIM65 is associated with CRC metastasis and recurrence. Ectopic overexpression of TRIM65 in CRC cell lines enhanced proliferation, invasion, and migration, while knockdown of TRIM65 expression had the opposite effects. Furthermore, we identified a new substrate of TRIM65, namely ARHGAP35, a Rho GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that is involved in polarized cell migration. Phenotypically, forced expression of TRIM65 induces increased production of migration-related structures, focal adhesions, and/or filopodia and enhances CRC metastasis to the liver or the lung in a mouse model. Mechanistic studies revealed that TRIM65 mediates ubiquitination of ARHGAP35, whose degradation leads to elevated Rho GTPase activity. In addition, we identified several phosphorylation sites on TRIM65. In sum, we reveal a novel TRIM65-GAP-Rho regulatory axis that modulates the actin cytoskeleton and the migration behavior of CRC cells, and the TRIM65-ARHGAP35 interaction might be a valuable therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daici Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yichen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanmei Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanliang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Personalized medicine: From diagnostic to adaptive. Biomed J 2019; 45:132-142. [PMID: 35590431 PMCID: PMC9133264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized therapy has made great strides but suffers from the lack of companion diagnostics. With the dawn of extracellular vesicle (EV) based liquid biopsies fast approaching, this article proposes a novel approach to cancer treatment – adaptive therapy. Already being implemented in the field of radiation oncology, adaptive radiation therapy utilizes cutting-edge imaging techniques as a viable means to monitor a patient's tumor throughout the entire treatment cycle by adapting the dosage and alignment to match the dynamic tumor. Through an EV liquid biopsy, medical oncologists will also soon have the means to continuously monitor a patient's tumor as it changes over time. With this information, physicians will be able to “adapt” pre-planned therapies concurrently with the fluctuating tumor environment, thus creating a more precise personalized medicine. In this article, a theory for adaptive medicine and the current state of the field with an outlook on future challenges are discussed.
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19
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Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms (GSTT1 and GSTM1) and risk of cancers; a case-control study in southeast of Iran. Meta Gene 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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21
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Pantshwa JM, Rhoda K, Clift SJ, Pradeep P, Choonara YE, Kumar P, du Toit LC, Penny C, Pillay V. Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Implantable Antineoplastic-Treatment Protocols in an Optimal Mouse Model for Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3030. [PMID: 30287783 PMCID: PMC6213745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to design and develop a nanocomposite drug delivery system employing an antineoplastic-loaded antibody functionalized nanomicelle encapsulated within a Chitosan⁻Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)⁻Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (C⁻P⁻N) hydrogel to form an in situ forming implant (ISFI), responsive to temperature and pH for cancer cell-targeting following intraperitoneal implantation. The optimum nanomicelle formulation was surface-functionalized with anti-MUC 16 (antibody) for the targeted delivery of methotrexate to human ovarian carcinoma (NIH:OVCAR-5) cells in Athymic nude mice that expressed MUC16, as a preferential form of intraperitoneal ovarian cancer (OC) chemotherapy. The cross-linked interpenetrating C⁻P⁻N hydrogel was synthesized for the preparation of an in situ-forming implant (ISFI). Subsequently, the ISFI was fabricated by encapsulating a nanocomposite comprising of anti-MUC16 (antibody) functionalized methotrexate (MTX)-loaded poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(aspartic acid) (PNIPAAm-b-PASP) nanomicelles (AF(MTX)NM's) within the cross-linked C⁻P⁻N hydrogel. This strategy enabled specificity and increased the residence time of the nanomicelles at tumor sites over a period exceeding one month, enhancing uptake of drugs and preventing recurrence and chemo-resistance. Chemotherapeutic efficacy was tested on the optimal ovarian tumor-bearing Athymic nude mouse model and the results demonstrated tumor regression including reduction in mouse weight and tumor size, as well as a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in mucin 16 levels in plasma and ascitic fluid, and improved survival of mice after treatment with the experimental anti-MUC16/CA125 antibody-bound nanotherapeutic implant drug delivery system (ISFI) (p < 0.05). The study also concluded that ISFI could potentially be considered an important immuno-chemotherapeutic agent that could be employed in human clinical trials of advanced, and/or recurring, metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The development of this ISFI may circumvent the treatment flaws experienced with conventional systemic therapies, effectively manage recurrent disease and ultimately prolong disease-free intervals in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Pantshwa
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutics Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Khadija Rhoda
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutics Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Sarah J Clift
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
| | - Priyamvada Pradeep
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutics Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutics Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutics Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutics Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutics Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
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22
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Intranasal administration of resveratrol successfully prevents lung cancer in A/J mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14257. [PMID: 30250304 PMCID: PMC6155121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most lethal cancer in the world. About 80% of lung cancer deaths are linked to tobacco use. As a complement to tobacco control, efficient chemoprevention strategies are needed to tackle lung cancer epidemic. Resveratrol is one of the most studied natural products, notably for its cancer chemoprevention properties. However, its low oral bioavailability has often limited the translation of in vitro activities to in vivo effects. While oral administration of resveratrol effectively inhibited colorectal carcinogenesis, it failed to protect mice from chemically-induced lung carcinogenesis. Therefore, non-invasive parenteral routes must be considered to bring resveratrol to the lungs. In the present study, intranasal administration of a concentrated formulation proved to be a valid method to expose the lungs to a sufficient amount of resveratrol. This formulation was administered three times a week for 25 weeks to A/J mice having 4-[methyl(nitroso)amino]-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone-induced lung carcinogenesis. Resveratrol-treated mice showed a 27% decrease in tumour multiplicity, with smaller tumours, resulting in 45% decrease in tumour volume/mouse. In vitro investigations highlighted apoptosis as a potential mechanism of action. This study presents an effective way to overcome resveratrol low oral bioavailability, encouraging a reevaluation of its use in future clinical trials.
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Wu F, Su H, Cai Y, Wong WK, Jiang W, Zhu X. Porphyrin-Implanted Carbon Nanodots for Photoacoustic Imaging and in Vivo Breast Cancer Ablation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengshou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wai-Kwok Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xunjin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis and Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Smoking-associated lung cancer prevention by blockade of the beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated insulin-like growth factor receptor activation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70936-70947. [PMID: 27708216 PMCID: PMC5342599 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is associated with carcinogenesis, but its contribution to smoking-associated lung carcinogenesis is poorly understood. Here we show that a tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) activation via β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) is crucial for smoking-associated lung carcinogenesis. Treatment with NNK stimulated the IGF-1R signaling pathway in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which was suppressed by pharmacological or genomic blockade of β-AR and the downstream signaling including a Gβγ subunit of β-AR and phospholipase C (PLC). Consistently, β-AR agonists led to increased IGF-1R phosphorylation. The increase in IGF2 transcription via β-AR, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was associated with NNK-induced IGF-1R activation. Finally, treatment with β-AR antagonists suppressed the acquisition of transformed phenotypes in lung epithelial cells and lung tumor formation in mice. These results suggest that blocking β-AR-mediated IGF-1R activation can be an effective strategy for lung cancer prevention in smokers.
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25
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Zou L, Tao Y, Payne G, Do L, Thomas T, Rodriguez J, Dou H. Targeted delivery of nano-PTX to the brain tumor-associated macrophages. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6564-6578. [PMID: 28036254 PMCID: PMC5351653 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles containing mixed lipid monolayer shell, biodegradable polymer core and rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) peptide as brain targeting ligand, were developed for brain targeted delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) to treat malignant glioma. RVG conjugated PTX loaded NPs (RVG-PTX-NPs) had the desirable size (~140 nm), narrow size distribution and spherical shape. RVG-PTX-NPs showed poor uptake by neurons and selective targeting to the brain tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) with controlled release and tumor specific toxicity. In vivo studies revealed that RVG-PTX-NPs were significant to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and had specific targeting to the brain. Most importantly, RVG-PTX-NPs showed effectiveness for anti-glioma therapy on human glioma of mice model. We concluded that RVG-PTX-NPs provided an effective approach for brain-TAMs targeted delivery for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
| | - Youhua Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
| | - Gregory Payne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
| | - Linh Do
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
| | - Tima Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
| | - Juan Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
| | - Huanyu Dou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
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26
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Zhao Y, Hu X, Zuo X, Wang M. Chemopreventive effects of some popular phytochemicals on human colon cancer: a review. Food Funct 2018; 9:4548-4568. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00850g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present review summarizes (1) the epidemiology and etiology of colon cancer, (2) generalized cancer chemoprotective mechanisms, and (3) the chemopreventive properties of some popular phytochemicals as well as some phytochemicals developed by our research group recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueliang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
| | - Xiaoqian Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
| | - Xinyuan Zuo
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin City
- China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
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27
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Bailon-Moscoso N, Tinitana F, Martínez-Espinosa R, Jaramillo-Velez A, Palacio-Arpi A, Aguilar-Hernandez J, Romero-Benavides JC. Cytotoxic, antioxidative, genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Horchata, beverage of South Ecuador. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:539. [PMID: 29258490 PMCID: PMC5735544 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Horchata" is an herbal mixture infusion consumed in Southern Ecuador; 66% of its plants are anti-inflammatory medicinal plant, and 51% are analgesics. Anti-inflammatory substances can prevent carcinogenesis mediated by cytotoxic effects and can prevent DNA damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and apoptotic/antigenotoxic effects of horchata as well as its mechanism. METHODS Nine different varieties of horchata were prepared in the traditional way and then freeze-dried. Phytochemical screening tested for the presence of secondary metabolites using standard procedures and antioxidant activities. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated on cerebral astrocytoma (D-384), prostate cancer (PC-3), breast cancer (MCF-7), colon cancer (RKO), lung cancer (A-549), immortalized Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1), and human peripheral blood lymphocytes via a MTS assay. The pro-apoptotic effects were evaluated with Anexin V/Propidium Iodide and western blot of Bax, Bcl-2, TP53, and TP73. Induction and reduction of ROS were assessed by fluorimetry. Genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects were evaluated with a comet assay and micronuclei on binucleated cells. RESULTS Five of nine horchatas had cytotoxic effects against D-384 while not affecting normal cells. These horchatas induce cell death by apoptosis modulated by p53/p73. In CHO-K1 cells, the horchatas decrease the damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and Mitomycin C measured in the comet and micronucleus assay respectively. CONCLUSIONS The IC50 range of effective horchatas in D-384 was 41 to 122 μg·mL-1. This effect may be related to its use in traditional medicine (brain tonic). On the other hand, immortalized Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) and lymphocytes did not show a cytotoxic effect. The most potent horchata induced apoptosis via a p53/p73-mediated mechanism. The horchatas present antigenotoxic properties, which may be related to the antioxidant capacity. Future studies on horchata components are necessary to understand the interactions and beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bailon-Moscoso
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Fani Tinitana
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Ruth Martínez-Espinosa
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Andrea Jaramillo-Velez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Alejandra Palacio-Arpi
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
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28
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Aleebrahim-Dehkordy E, Nasri H, Baradaran A, Nasri P, Tamadon MR, Hedaiaty M, Beigrezaei S, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Medicinal Plants, Effective Plant Compounds (Compositions) and their Effects on Stomach Cancer. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:96. [PMID: 29184647 PMCID: PMC5686923 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have special importance around the world. Further, they have been noticed for nutrition and illness treatment such as preparation of anticancer new drugs. Therefore, a wide range of studies have been done on different plants, and their anticancer effects have been investigated. Nowadays, cancer is the most important factor of death rate in the developed and developing countries. Among them, stomach cancer is one of the most common malignancies around the world. At present, it is recognized as the fourth common cancer and the second factor of death rate due to cancer. So far, there has been wide range of effort for cancer treatment; however, in most cases, the response to the treatment has been very weak and often accompanied improper subsidiary effects. The present problems as a consequence of chemical treatment and radiotherapy and many subsidiary problems created due to their use for patients, and also, the resistance to the current treatment has motivated researchers to apply new medicines with more effect and less toxicity. The secondary metabolisms existent in the plants have an important role in the treatment of several diseases such as cancer. This study was conducted to investigate and collect scientific results for stomach cancer and to clarify the role of medicinal plants and secondary plant compounds on its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Aleebrahim-Dehkordy
- Department of Research, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.,Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hamid Nasri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azar Baradaran
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parto Nasri
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tamadon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahrang Hedaiaty
- Department of Research, Forensic Medical Unit, Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Beigrezaei
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. It is the second most common cause of death in the United States, and a significant proportion can be prevented. Underrepresented and underserved populations are less likely to receive routine medical procedures and experience a lower quality of health services. Despite the increase in cancer screening, there are disparities in the incidence and mortality of various cancers. These disparities are not fully explained by the correlations between minority race and lower socioeconomic status or minority race and insurance status. Considerations for global cancer control in low-resource settings are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwadamilola O Olaku
- Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, 5-W622, MSC 9743, Bethesda, MD 20892-9743, USA; Kelly Services, Kelly Government Solutions, 6101 Executive Boulevard, Suite 392, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
| | - Emmanuel A Taylor
- Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, 6-W104, MSC 9746, Rockville, MD 20850-9746, USA
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30
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Hashemi Goradel N, Ghiyami-Hour F, Jahangiri S, Negahdari B, Sahebkar A, Masoudifar A, Mirzaei H. Nanoparticles as new tools for inhibition of cancer angiogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2902-2910. [PMID: 28543172 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is known as one of the hallmarks of cancer. Multiple lines evidence indicated that vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) is a key player in the progression of angiogenesis and exerts its functions via interaction with tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs). These receptors could trigger a variety of cascades that lead to the supply of oxygen and nutrients to tumor cells and survival of these cells. With respect to pivotal role of angiogenesis in the tumor growth and survival, finding new therapeutic approaches via targeting angiogenesis could open a new horizon in cancer therapy. Among various types of therapeutic strategies, nanotechnology has emerged as new approach for the treatment of various cancers. Nanoparticles (NPs) could be used as effective tools for targeting a variety of therapeutic agents. According to in vitro and in vivo studies, NPs are efficient in depriving tumor cells from nutrients and oxygen by inhibiting angiogenesis. However, the utilization of NPs are associated with a variety of limitations. It seems that new approaches such as NPs conjugated with hydrogels could overcome to some limitations. In the present review, we summarize various mechanisms involved in angiogenesis, common anti-angiogenesis strategies, and application of NPs for targeting angiogenesis in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Ghiyami-Hour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Jahangiri
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aria Masoudifar
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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31
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Sun G, Zheng Z, Lee MH, Xu Y, Kang S, Dong Z, Wang M, Gu Z, Li H, Chen W. Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer by Artocarpin, a Dietary Phytochemical from Artocarpus heterophyllus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3474-3480. [PMID: 28391699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Artocarpus heterophyllus is an evergreen tree distributed in tropical regions, and its fruit (jackfruit) is well-known as the world's largest tree-borne fruit. Although A. heterophyllus has been widely used in folk medicines against inflammation, its potential in cancer chemoprevention remains unclear. Herein we identified artocarpin from A. heterophyllus as a promising colorectal cancer chemopreventive agent by targeting Akt kinase. Phenotypically, artocarpin exhibited selective cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells. Artocarpin impaired the anchorage-independent growth capability, suppressed colon cancer cell growth, and induced a G1 phase cell cycle arrest which was followed by apoptotic as well as autophagic cell death. Mechanistic studies revealed that artocarpin directly targeted Akt 1 and 2 kinase activity evidenced by in vitro kinase assay, ex vivo binding assay as well as Akt downstream cellular signal transduction. Importantly, oral administration of artocarpin attenuated colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis in mice. Taken together, artocarpin, a bioactive component of A. heterophyllus, might merit investigation as a potential colorectal cancer chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochuan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zongping Zheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota , Austin 55912, United States
| | - Yijuan Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Soouk Kang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota , Austin 55912, United States
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota , Austin 55912, United States
| | - Mingfu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhennan Gu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haitao Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University , Beijing 100048, China
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32
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Li H, Lee MH, Liu K, Wang T, Song M, Han Y, Yao K, Xie H, Zhu F, Grossmann M, Cleary MP, Chen W, Bode AM, Dong Z. Inhibiting breast cancer by targeting the thromboxane A 2 pathway. NPJ Precis Oncol 2017; 1:8. [PMID: 29872696 PMCID: PMC5859468 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-017-0011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the estrogen receptor as a strategy has been the gold standard for breast cancer chemoprevention or breast cancer recurrence, but its benefit is limited to estrogen receptor-positive tumors. Cyclooxygenases have been implicated in mammary tumorigenesis. We sought to identify the key prostaglandin responsible for the pro-neoplastic effect of cyclooxygenases and develop prostaglandin-targeted strategies for breast cancer chemoprevention or therapy. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that either thromboxane A2 synthase 1 or the thromboxane A2 receptor is highly expressed in human breast tumors as well as premalignant lesions, but not in normal mammary tissues. Clinically, the thromboxane A2 pathway might be associated with HER2-positive and axillary lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer. We found that the thromboxane A2 pathway was required for breast cancer cell growth, anchorage-independent growth and invasion capabilities. Importantly, we discovered that switching off thromboxane A2 biosynthesis effectively suppressed either MMTV-HER2-driven mammary tumorigenesis or breast cancer metastasis in preclinical animal models. Taken together, this study established a critical pathophysiological role of the thromboxane A2 pathway in breast cancer, and provided a rationale for introducing a strategy targeting thromboxane A2 for breast cancer chemoprevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Ting Wang
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Mengqiu Song
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Yaping Han
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
| | - Hua Xie
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
| | - Feng Zhu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
| | | | | | - Wei Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu China
| | - Ann M. Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN USA
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan China
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33
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Abstract
The RASopathy neurofibromatosis 1 is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer syndrome that represents a major risk for the development of malignancies, particularly malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). MPNSTs are unique sarcomas that originate from the peripheral nerve and represent the only primary cancer of the peripheral nervous system. To date, surgery is the only treatment modality proven to have survival benefit for MPNSTs and even when maximal surgery is feasible, these tumors are rarely curable, despite the use of chemotherapy and radiation. In this review, we discuss the current state-of-the-art treatments for MPNSTs, latest therapeutic developments, and critical aspects of the underlying molecular and pathophysiology that appear promising for therapeutic developments in the future. In particular, we discuss the specific elements of cancer in the peripheral nerve and how that may impel development of unique therapies for this form of sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Staedtke
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ren-Yuan Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jaishri O'Neill Blakeley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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34
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Acetonitrile extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix exhibits growth-inhibitory effects on prostate cancer cells through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2921-2928. [PMID: 28521399 PMCID: PMC5431245 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of the acetonitrile or water extracts from 400 selected traditional medicinal plants on the growth of PC-3 cells were investigated, and it was demonstrated that an acetonitrile extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix exhibited the most marked cytotoxic effects on PC-3 cells. It was observed that the acetonitrile extract of S. miltiorrhiza Radix induced marked cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PC-3 cells through the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. It was also demonstrated that oral administration of the acetonitrile extract of S. miltiorrhiza Radix decreased the incidence and growth of PC-3 tumor xenografts in nude mice. The results of the present study suggest that the acetonitrile extract of S. miltiorrhiza Radix exhibits marked inhibitory effects on the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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35
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Zhao LY, Zhang WM. Recent progress in drug delivery of pluronic P123: pharmaceutical perspectives. J Drug Target 2017; 25:471-484. [PMID: 28135859 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1289538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent investigations that used Pluronic P123 (P123) as pharmaceutical ingredients in vesicle, micelle, mixed micelle, in situ gel, tablet and emulsion. The main results from these studies show that P123 can significantly increase the stability of incorporated hydrophobic drugs with enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of anticancer drugs. Moreover, modified forms of P123 with RGD, folate or other targeted marker have shown its therapeutic potentials in various types of tumors and cancers. Furthermore, modified forms of P123 alone and/or mixed with other copolymers have less toxic effects and more tumor-specific delivery of anticancer drugs. They are promising materials as a nanoplatform for the drug delivery. Finally, the future perspectives of the field are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yan Zhao
- a Department of Pharmacy , Hebei North University , Zhangjiakou , PR China
| | - Wan-Ming Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacy , Hebei North University , Zhangjiakou , PR China
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36
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Terpenoids as anti-colon cancer agents - A comprehensive review on its mechanistic perspectives. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 795:169-178. [PMID: 27940056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multistep model of colon carcinogenesis has provided the framework to advance our understanding of the molecular basis of colon cancer. This multistage process of carcinogenesis takes a long period to transform from a normal epithelial cell to invasive carcinoma. Thus, it provides enough time to intervene the process of carcinogenesis especially through dietary modification. In spite of the in-depth understanding of the colon cancer etiology and pathophysiology and its association with diet, colon cancer remains a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Phytochemicals and their derivatives are gaining attention in cancer prevention and treatment strategies because of cancer chemotherapy associated adverse effects. Being the largest group of phytochemicals traditionally used for medicinal purpose in India and China, terpenoids are recently being explored as anticancer agents. Anticancer properties of terpenoids are associated with various mechanisms like counteraction of oxidative stress, potentiating endogenous antioxidants, improving detoxification potential, disrupting cell survival pathways and inducing apoptosis. This review gives a comprehensive idea of naturally occurring terpenoids as useful agents for the prevention of colon cancer with reference to their classes, sources and molecular targets. Based on the explored molecular targets further research in colon cancer chemoprevention is warranted.
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Zamani A, Mat Jusoh SA, Al-Jamal HAN, Sul'ain MD, Johan MF. Anti-Proliferative Effects of Dendrophthoe pentandra Methanol Extract on BCR/ABL-Positive and Imatinib-Resistant Leukemia Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:4857-4861. [PMID: 28030911 PMCID: PMC5454686 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2016.17.11.4857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Imatinib mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor specifically targeting the BCR/ABL fusion protein, induces hematological remission in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, the majority of CML patients treated with imatinib develop resistance with prolonged therapy. Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. is a Malaysian mistletoe species that has been used as a traditional treatment for several ailments such as smallpox, ulcers, and cancers. Methods: We developed a resistant cell line (designated as K562R) by long-term co-culture of a BCR/ABL positive CML cell line, K562, with imatinib mesylate. We then investigated the anti-proliferative effects of D. pentandra methanol extract on parental K562 and resistant K562R cells. Trypan blue exclusion assays were performed to determine the IC50 concentration; apoptosis and cell cycle analysis were conducted by flow cytometry. Results: D. pentandra extract had greater anti-proliferative effects towards K562R (IC50= 192 μg/mL) compared to K562 (500 μg/mL) cells. Upon treatment with D. pentandra extract at the IC50 concentration: K562 but not K562R demonstrated increase in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Conclusion: D. pentandra methanol extract exerts potent anti-proliferative effect on BCR/ABL positive K562 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afiqah Zamani
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
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Perestelo NR, Jiménez IA, Tokuda H, Vázquez JT, Ichiishi E, Bazzocchi IL. Absolute Configuration of Dihydro-β-agarofuran Sesquiterpenes from Maytenus jelskii and Their Potential Antitumor-Promoting Effects. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2324-2331. [PMID: 27541714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemoprevention of human cancer appears to be a feasible strategy for cancer control, especially when chemopreventive intervention is involved during early stages of the carcinogenesis process. As a part of our ongoing research program into new chemopreventive agents, herein are reported the isolation, structural elucidation, and biological evaluation of 10 new (1-10) and three known (11-13) sesquiterpenes with a dihydro-β-agarofuran skeleton from the leaves of Maytenus jelskii Zahlbr. Their stereostructures have been elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, ECD studies, and biogenetic considerations. The isolated metabolites and eight previously reported sesquiterpenes (14-21) were screened for their antitumor-promoting activity using a short-term in vitro assay for Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Six compounds from this series (4, 5, 11, and 13-15) were found to exhibit higher efficacies than β-carotene, used as reference inhibitor for EBV-EA activation. In particular, promising antitumor activity was observed for compound 5, exhibiting inhibition even at the lowest concentration assayed (10 mol ratio/TPA). Preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that the acetate, benzoate, and hydroxy groups are the most desirable substituents on the sesquiterpene scaffold for activity in the EBV-EA activation assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayra R Perestelo
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna , Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ignacio A Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna , Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Harukuni Tokuda
- Organic Chemistry in Life Science, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Jesús T Vázquez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna , Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Eiichiro Ichiishi
- Department of Internal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara , Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
| | - Isabel L Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, and Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de La Laguna , Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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William WN, Papadimitrakopoulou V, Lee JJ, Mao L, Cohen EEW, Lin HY, Gillenwater AM, Martin JW, Lingen MW, Boyle JO, Shin DM, Vigneswaran N, Shinn N, Heymach JV, Wistuba II, Tang X, Kim ES, Saintigny P, Blair EA, Meiller T, Gutkind JS, Myers J, El-Naggar A, Lippman SM. Erlotinib and the Risk of Oral Cancer: The Erlotinib Prevention of Oral Cancer (EPOC) Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol 2016; 2:209-16. [PMID: 26540028 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.4364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Standard molecularly based strategies to predict and/or prevent oral cancer development in patients with oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) are lacking. OBJECTIVE To test if the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor erlotinib would reduce oral cancer development in patients with high-risk OPLs defined by specific loss of heterozygosity (LOH) profiles. Secondary objectives included prospective determination of LOH as a prognostic marker in OPLs. DESIGN The Erlotinib Prevention of Oral Cancer (EPOC) study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-bind trial. Accrual occurred from November 2006 through July 2012, with a median follow-up time of 35 months in an ambulatory care setting in 5 US academic referral institutions. Patients with OPLs were enrolled in the protocol, and each underwent LOH profiling (N = 379); they were classified as high-risk (LOH-positive) or low-risk (LOH-negative) patients based on their LOH profiles and oral cancer history. The randomized sample consisted of 150 LOH-positive patients. INTERVENTIONS Oral erlotinib treatment (150 mg/d) or placebo for 12 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Oral cancer-free survival (CFS). RESULTS A total of 395 participants were classified with LOH profiles, and 254 were classified LOH positive. Of these, 150 (59%) were randomized, 75 each to the placebo and erlotinib groups. The 3-year CFS rates in placebo- and erlotinib-treated patients were 74% and 70%, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 1.27; 95% CI, 0.68-2.38; P = .45). The 3-year CFS was significantly lower for LOH-positive compared with LOH-negative groups (74% vs 87%, HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.25-3.83; P = .01). Increased EGFR gene copy number correlated with LOH-positive status (P < .001) and lower CFS (P = .01). The EGFR gene copy number was not predictive of erlotinib efficacy. Erlotinib-induced skin rash was associated with improved CFS (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, LOH was validated as a marker of oral cancer risk and found to be associated with increased EGFR copy number (the target of the intervention). Erlotinib did not, however, improve CFS in high-risk patients with LOH-positive or high-EGFR-gene-copy-number OPLs. These results support incorporation of LOH testing as a prognostic tool in routine clinical practice but do not support erlotinib use in this setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00402779.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N William
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | | | - J Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston3The Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore4Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University
| | - Ezra E W Cohen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla6Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Heather Y Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Ann M Gillenwater
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Jack W Martin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Mark W Lingen
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jay O Boyle
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nadarajah Vigneswaran
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas School of Dentistry, Houston
| | - Nancy Shinn
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston12Department of Palliative Care Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston13Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston13Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Edward S Kim
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston14Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston15INSERM U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France16CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Elizabeth A Blair
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Timothy Meiller
- The Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore4Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla18Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Adel El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Scott M Lippman
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston5Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
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Monteiro de Oliveira Novaes JA, William WN. Prognostic factors, predictive markers and cancer biology: the triad for successful oral cancer chemoprevention. Future Oncol 2016; 12:2379-86. [PMID: 27329013 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas represent a significant cancer burden worldwide. Unfortunately, chemoprevention strategies investigated to date have failed to produce an agent considered standard of care to prevent oral cancers. Nonetheless, recent advances in clinical trial design may streamline drug development in this setting. In this manuscript, we review some of these improvements, including risk prediction tools based on molecular markers that help select patients most suitable for chemoprevention. We also discuss the opportunities that novel preclinical models and modern molecular profiling techniques will bring to the prevention field in the near future, and propose a clinical trials framework that incorporates molecular prognostic factors, predictive markers and cancer biology as a roadmap to improve chemoprevention strategies for oral cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William N William
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 432, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Pilié PG, Jonasch E, McCutcheon IE. Key considerations in the treatment of von Hippel-Lindau disease. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1755-8. [PMID: 27020706 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Pilié
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Jonasch
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ian E McCutcheon
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K Dunn
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group.
| | - Asad Umar
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers Research Group
| | - Ellen Richmond
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers Research Group
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Maresso KC, Tsai KY, Brown PH, Szabo E, Lippman S, Hawk ET. Molecular cancer prevention: Current status and future directions. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65:345-83. [PMID: 26284997 PMCID: PMC4820069 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity and complexity of advanced cancers strongly support the rationale for an enhanced focus on molecular prevention as a priority strategy to reduce the burden of cancer. Molecular prevention encompasses traditional chemopreventive agents as well as vaccinations and therapeutic approaches to cancer-predisposing conditions. Despite challenges to the field, we now have refined insights into cancer etiology and early pathogenesis; successful risk assessment and new risk models; agents with broad preventive efficacy (eg, aspirin) in common chronic diseases, including cancer; and a successful track record of more than 10 agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of precancerous lesions or cancer risk reduction. The development of molecular preventive agents does not differ significantly from the development of therapies for advanced cancers, yet it has unique challenges and special considerations given that it most often involves healthy or asymptomatic individuals. Agents, biomarkers, cohorts, overall design, and endpoints are key determinants of molecular preventive trials, as with therapeutic trials, although distinctions exist for each within the preventive setting. Progress in the development and evolution of molecular preventive agents has been steadier in some organ systems, such as breast and skin, than in others. In order for molecular prevention to be fully realized as an effective strategy, several challenges to the field must be addressed. Here, the authors provide a brief overview of the context for and special considerations of molecular prevention along with a discussion of the results from major randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Colbert Maresso
- Program Manager, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kenneth Y Tsai
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Powel H Brown
- Chair, Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Eva Szabo
- Chair, Lung and Upper Aerodigestive Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Scott Lippman
- Director, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Ernest T Hawk
- Vice President and Division Head, Boone Pickens Distinguished Chair for Early Prevention of Cancer, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Wang X, Lu Y, Wang E, Zhang Z, Xiong X, Zhang H, Lu J, Zheng S, Yang J, Xia X, Yang S, Li X. Hepatic estrogen receptor α improves hepatosteatosis through upregulation of small heterodimer partner. J Hepatol 2015; 63:183-90. [PMID: 25720568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Estrogen participates in the control of energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism. However the role of hepatic estrogen receptor α (ERα) in triglyceride (TG) homeostasis remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the roles of estrogen and ERα in the regulation of hepatic TG metabolism. METHODS Liver TG metabolism was analyzed in female mice with ovariectomy or tamoxifen treatment, and in hepatic ERα knockdown or overexpression. Phenotypes and expression of genes were compared in male and female mice with farnesoid X receptor deficiency. The mechanism of ERα in the regulation of small heterodimer partner (SHP) expression was further investigated. RESULTS Female mice receiving ovariectomy or tamoxifen treatment exhibited hepatic TG accumulation. Ablation of ERα using adenoviral shRNA markedly increased hepatic TG accumulation, while overexpression of ERα ameliorated hepatosteatosis in obese mice. At the molecular level, estrogen upregulated hepatic SHP expression through binding to its proximal promoter. In addition, the roles of estrogen were largely blunted in mice with SHP deficiency. CONCLUSION These findings reveal a novel role of estrogen in improving hepatosteatosis through upregulation of SHP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - E Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xuelian Xiong
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Genomic Medicine and Center for Diabetes Research, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shuyu Yang
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, China.
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; The Key Laboratory of Endocrine Tumors and the Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai 200025, China; Chinese-French Laboratory of Genomics and Life Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Akhmetzhanov AR, Hochberg ME. Dynamics of preventive vs post-diagnostic cancer control using low-impact measures. eLife 2015; 4:e06266. [PMID: 26111339 PMCID: PMC4524440 DOI: 10.7554/elife.06266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses danger because of its unregulated growth, development of resistance, and metastatic spread to vital organs. We currently lack quantitative theory for how preventive measures and post-diagnostic interventions are predicted to affect risks of a life threatening cancer. Here we evaluate how continuous measures, such as life style changes and traditional treatments, affect both neoplastic growth and the frequency of resistant clones. We then compare and contrast preventive and post-diagnostic interventions assuming that only a single lesion progresses to invasive carcinoma during the life of an individual, and resection either leaves residual cells or metastases are undetected. Whereas prevention generally results in more positive therapeutic outcomes than post-diagnostic interventions, this advantage is substantially lowered should prevention initially fail to arrest tumour growth. We discuss these results and other important mitigating factors that should be taken into consideration in a comparative understanding of preventive and post-diagnostic interventions. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06266.001 About one person in every two will get cancer during their lives. Surgery and chemotherapy have long been mainstays of cancer treatment. Both, however, have substantial downsides. Surgery may leave behind undetected cancer cells that can grow into new tumours. Furthermore, in response to chemotherapy drugs, some cancer cells may emerge that resist further treatment. There is therefore interest in whether preventive strategies—including lifestyle changes and medications—could reduce the likelihood of confronting a life-threatening cancer. Now, Akhmetzhanov and Hochberg have developed a mathematical model to help compare the effectiveness of preventive strategies and traditional cancer treatments. The model—which assumes that a person can only develop a single cancer from a single region of pre-cancerous cells—suggests that long-term cancer prevention strategies reduce the risk of a life-threatening cancer by more than traditional treatment that begins after a tumour is discovered. The preventive measures may be less effective in some cases compared to traditional treatments if they initially fail to stop a tumour growing, although on average they still work better than treating the cancer after detection. According to Akhmetzhanov and Hochberg's model, surgical removal followed by chemotherapy is less likely to be successful than prevention, and when successful, requires larger impacts on the cancer (and therefore creates more side-effects for the patient) to achieve the same level of control as prevention. The model also suggests that even at very low levels of impact on residual cancer cells, chemotherapies are likely to be counterproductive by boosting the subsequent emergence of treatment-resistant tumours. Akhmetzhanov and Hochberg's model predicts how effective preventive measures need to be in terms of slowing the growth of cancer cells to result in given reductions in the future risk of a life-threatening cancer. Future work should test this model by measuring the effects on tumour growth of prevention and of traditional therapies. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06266.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei R Akhmetzhanov
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Michael E Hochberg
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Yu XD, Guo ZS. Epigenetic drugs for cancer treatment and prevention: mechanisms of action. Biomol Concepts 2015; 1:239-51. [PMID: 25962000 DOI: 10.1515/bmc.2010.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides a brief overview of the basic principles of epigenetic gene regulation and then focuses on recent development of epigenetic drugs for cancer treatment and prevention with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of action. The approved epigenetic drugs are either inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases or histone deacetylases (HDACs). Future epigenetic drugs could include inhibitors for histone methyltransferases and histone demethylases and other epigenetic enzymes. Epigenetic drugs often function in two separate yet interrelated ways. First, as epigenetic drugs per se, they modulate the epigenomes of premalignant and malignant cells to reverse deregulated epigenetic mechanisms, leading to an effective therapeutic strategy (epigenetic therapy). Second, HDACs and other epigenetic enzymes also target non-histone proteins that have regulatory roles in cell proliferation, migration and cell death. Through these processes, these drugs induce cancer cell growth arrest, cell differentiation, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, or cell death via apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy or mitotic catastrophe (chemotherapy). As they modulate genes which lead to enhanced chemosensitivity, immunogenicity or dampened innate antiviral response of cancer cells, epigenetic drugs often show better efficacy when combined with chemotherapy, immunotherapy or oncolytic virotherapy. In chemoprevention, dietary phytochemicals such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate and sulforaphane act as epigenetic agents and show efficacy by targeting both cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Further understanding of how epigenetic mechanisms function in carcinogenesis and cancer progression as well as in normal physiology will enable us to establish a new paradigm for intelligent drug design in the treatment and prevention of cancer.
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Dawsey SM, Fagundes RB, Jacobson BC, Kresty LA, Mallery SR, Paski S, van den Brandt PA. Diet and esophageal disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1325:127-37. [PMID: 25266021 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The following, from the 12th OESO World Conference: Cancers of the Esophagus, includes commentaries on macronutrients, dietary patterns, and risk of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus; micronutrients, trace elements, and risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma; the role of mate consumption in the development of squamous cell carcinoma; the relationship between energy excess and development of esophageal adenocarcinoma; and the nutritional management of the esophageal cancer patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanford M Dawsey
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Evasion of anti-growth signaling: A key step in tumorigenesis and potential target for treatment and prophylaxis by natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S55-S77. [PMID: 25749195 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The evasion of anti-growth signaling is an important characteristic of cancer cells. In order to continue to proliferate, cancer cells must somehow uncouple themselves from the many signals that exist to slow down cell growth. Here, we define the anti-growth signaling process, and review several important pathways involved in growth signaling: p53, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), retinoblastoma protein (Rb), Hippo, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A), Notch, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) pathways. Aberrations in these processes in cancer cells involve mutations and thus the suppression of genes that prevent growth, as well as mutation and activation of genes involved in driving cell growth. Using these pathways as examples, we prioritize molecular targets that might be leveraged to promote anti-growth signaling in cancer cells. Interestingly, naturally occurring phytochemicals found in human diets (either singly or as mixtures) may promote anti-growth signaling, and do so without the potentially adverse effects associated with synthetic chemicals. We review examples of naturally occurring phytochemicals that may be applied to prevent cancer by antagonizing growth signaling, and propose one phytochemical for each pathway. These are: epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for the Rb pathway, luteolin for p53, curcumin for PTEN, porphyrins for Hippo, genistein for GDF15, resveratrol for ARID1A, withaferin A for Notch and diguelin for the IGF1-receptor pathway. The coordination of anti-growth signaling and natural compound studies will provide insight into the future application of these compounds in the clinical setting.
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Martinez VD, MacAulay CE, Guillaud M, Lam WL, Zhang L, Corbett KK, Rosin MP. Targeting of chemoprevention to high-risk potentially malignant oral lesions: challenges and opportunities. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:1123-30. [PMID: 25240917 PMCID: PMC4539364 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, oral cancer is responsible for 170,000 deaths per year. Intervention to prevent this disease is a long sought after goal. Chemoprevention studies have focused on clinicopathological features of potentially malignant lesions (PML) in an effort to prevent their progression to cancer. However, prediction of future behavior for such lesions is difficult and remains a major challenge to such intervention. Different approaches to this problem have been tested in the past 20years. Early genetic progression models identified critical regions of allelic imbalance at 3p and 9p, and provided the basis for molecular markers to identify progressing PMLs. Subsequently, technological advances, such as genome-wide high-throughput array platforms, computer imaging, visualization technology and next generation sequencing, have broadened the scope for marker development and have the potential of further improving our ability to identify high-risk lesions in the near future either alone or in combination. In this article, we examine the milestones in the development of markers for PML progression. We emphasize the critical importance of networks among scientists, health professionals and community to facilitate the validation and application of putative markers into clinical practice. With a growing number of new agents to validate, it is necessary to coordinate the design and implementation of strategies for patient recruitment, integration of marker assessment, and the final translation of such approaches into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor D Martinez
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Calum E MacAulay
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Martial Guillaud
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Wan L Lam
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lewei Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kitty K Corbett
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Miriam P Rosin
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Department of Cancer Control Research, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
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50
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Leibowitz B, Qiu W, Buchanan ME, Zou F, Vernon P, Moyer MP, Yin XM, Schoen RE, Yu J, Zhang L. BID mediates selective killing of APC-deficient cells in intestinal tumor suppression by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:16520-5. [PMID: 25368155 PMCID: PMC4246283 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1415178111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal tumorigenesis is driven by genetic alterations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor pathway and effectively inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, how NSAIDs prevent colorectal tumorigenesis has remained obscure. We found that the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and the BH3 interacting-domain death agonist (BID) are activated in adenomas from NSAID-treated patients. Loss of BID abolishes NSAID-mediated tumor suppression, survival benefit, and apoptosis in tumor-initiating stem cells in APC(Min/+) mice. BID-mediated cross-talk between the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways is responsible for selective killing of neoplastic cells by NSAIDs. We further demonstrate that NSAIDs induce death receptor signaling in both cancer and normal cells, but only activate BID in cells with APC deficiency and ensuing c-Myc activation. Our results suggest that NSAIDs suppress intestinal tumorigenesis through BID-mediated synthetic lethality triggered by death receptor signaling and gatekeeper mutations, and provide a rationale for developing more effective cancer prevention strategies and agents.
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MESH Headings
- Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/pathology
- Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/prevention & control
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/physiology
- BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein/deficiency
- BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein/genetics
- BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein/physiology
- Caspases/physiology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Colon/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, APC
- Genes, myc
- Humans
- Indomethacin/pharmacology
- Intestine, Small/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Organ Specificity
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Receptors, Death Domain/physiology
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- Stem Cells/pathology
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Sulindac/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Leibowitz
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Departments of Pathology
| | - Wei Qiu
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Departments of Pathology
| | - Monica E Buchanan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, and
| | - Fangdong Zou
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, and College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P.R. China
| | | | | | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Departments of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Robert E Schoen
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Jian Yu
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Departments of Pathology,
| | - Lin Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, and
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