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Fu Y, Du X, Cui Y, Xiong K, Wang J. Nutritional intervention is promising in alleviating liver injury during tuberculosis treatment: a review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1261148. [PMID: 37810929 PMCID: PMC10552157 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1261148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is a main adverse effect of first-line tuberculosis drugs. Current management of tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury (TBLI) mainly relies on withdrawing tuberculosis drugs when necessary. No effective treatment exists. Various nutrients and functional food ingredients may play a protective role in TBLI. However, a comprehensive review has not been conducted to compare the effects of these nutrients and functional food ingredients. We searched Pubmed and Web of Science databases from the earliest date of the database to March 2023. All available in-vitro, animal and clinical studies that examined the effects of nutritional intervention on TBLI were included. The underlying mechanism was briefly reviewed. Folic acid, quercetin, curcumin, Lactobacillus casei, spirulina and Moringa oleifera possessed moderate evidence to have a beneficial effect on alleviating TBLI mostly based on animal studies. The evidence of other nutritional interventions on TBLI was weak. Alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis were the leading mechanisms for the beneficial effects of nutritional intervention on TBLI. In conclusion, a few nutritional interventions are promising for alleviating TBLI including folic acid, quercetin, curcumin, L. casei, spirulina and M. oleifera, the effectiveness and safety of which need further confirmation by well-designed randomized controlled trials. The mechanisms for the protective role of these nutritional interventions on TBLI warrant further study, particularly by establishing the animal model of TBLI using the tuberculosis drugs separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Fu
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianfa Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingchun Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The 971 Naval Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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2
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Bakshi S, Kaur M, Verma A, Sharma S. Molecular and cellular remodeling of HepG2 cells upon treatment with antitubercular drugs. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23386. [PMID: 37254945 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an adverse outcome of the currently used tuberculosis treatment regimen, which results in patient noncompliance, poor treatment outcomes, and the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis. DILI is primarily caused by the toxicity of the drugs and their metabolites, which affect liver cells, biliary epithelial cells, and liver vasculature. However, the precise mechanism behind the cellular damage attributable to first-line antitubercular drugs (ATDs), as well as the effect of toxicity on the cell survival strategies, is yet to be elucidated. In the current study, HepG2 cells upon treatment with a high concentration of ATDs showed increased perforation within the cell, cuboidal shape, and membrane blebbing as compared with control/untreated cells. It was observed that ATD-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability, which was depicted by the decreased fluorescence intensity of the MitoRed tracker dye at higher drug concentrations. In addition, high doses of ATDs caused cell damage through an increase in reactive oxygen species production in HepG2 cells and a simultaneous reduction in glutathione levels. Further, high dose of isoniazid (50-200 mM), pyrazinamide (50-200 mM), and rifampicin (20-100 µM) causes cell apoptosis and affects cell survival during toxic conditions by decreasing the expression of potent autophagy markers Atg5, Atg7, and LC3B. Thus, ATD-mediated toxicity contributes to the reduced ability of hepatocytes to tolerate cellular damage caused by altered mitochondrial membrane permeability, increased apoptosis, and decreased autophagy. These findings further emphasize the need to develop adjuvant therapies that can mitigate ATD-induced toxicity for the effective treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Bakshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arpana Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sadhna Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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3
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Huang D, Peng J, Lei L, Chen Y, Zhu Z, Cai Q, Deng Y, Chen J. Time of Liver Function Abnormal Identification on Prediction of the Risk of Anti-tuberculosis-induced Liver Injury. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:425-432. [PMID: 36643044 PMCID: PMC9817055 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI) is the most common side effect in patients who received anti-TB therapy. AT-DILI management includes monitoring liver function until symptoms arise in patients without high-risk factors for liver damage. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of liver function test (LFT) abnormal identification on the risk of DILI, including liver failure and anti-TB drug resistance in patients without high-risk factors. METHODS A total of 399 patients without high-risk factors for liver damage at baseline and who experienced LFT abnormal during the 6 months of first-line anti-TB treatment were enrolled. The Roussel Uclaf Causal Relationship Assessment Method (RUCAM, 2016) was applied in suspected DILI. The correlations between the time of LFT abnormal identification and DILI, liver failure, and anti-TB drug resistance were analyzed by smooth curve fitting and multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Among all study patients, 131 met the criteria for DILI with a mean RUCAM causality score of 8.86±0.63. 26/131 and 105/131 were in the probable grading and highly probable grading, respectively. The time of abnormal LFT identification was an independent predictor of DILI, liver failure, and anti-TB drug resistance in the crude model and after adjusting for other risk patient factors. The time of abnormal LFT identification was positively correlated with DILI, liver failure, and anti-TB drug resistance. The late identification group (>8 weeks) had the highest risk of DILI, followed by liver failure compared with the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS The time to identification of LFT was positively correlated with DILI, liver failure, and anti-TB drug resistance. The risk of DILI and liver failure was significantly increased in the late identification group with abnormal LFT identified after 8 weeks compared with 4 and 8 weeks. Early monitoring of LFT is recommended for patients without the high-risk factor of DILI after anti-TB treatment is initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Huang
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghan Peng
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Lei
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhibing Zhu
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingxian Cai
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongcong Deng
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence to: Jun Chen, Department of Liver Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518100, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9744-792X. Tel: +86-755-61222333, Fax: +86-755-61238928, E-mail:
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Relevance of Pharmacogenomics to the Safe Use of Antimicrobials. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030425. [PMID: 36978292 PMCID: PMC10044203 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been widespread implementation of pharmacogenomic testing to inform drug prescribing in medical specialties such as oncology and cardiology. Progress in using pharmacogenomic tests when prescribing antimicrobials has been more limited, though a relatively large number of pharmacogenomic studies on aspects such as idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions have now been performed for this drug class. Currently, there are recommendations in place from either National Regulatory Agencies and/or specialist Pharmacogenomics Advisory Groups concerning genotyping for specific variants in MT-RNR1 and CYP2C19 before prescribing aminoglycosides and voriconazole, respectively. Numerous additional pharmacogenomic associations have been reported concerning antimicrobial-related idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions, particularly involving specific HLA alleles, but, to date, the cost-effectiveness of genotyping prior to prescription has not been confirmed. Polygenic risk score determination has been investigated to a more limited extent but currently suffers from important limitations. Despite limited progress to date, the future widespread adoption of preemptive genotyping and genome sequencing may provide pharmacogenomic data to prescribers that can be used to inform prescribing and increase the safe use of antimicrobials.
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Jiang L, Gai X, Ni Y, Qiang T, Zhang Y, Kang X, Xiong K, Wang J. Folic acid protects against tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury in rats and its potential mechanism by metabolomics. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109214. [PMID: 36370928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Observational study indicated that folic acid (FA) supplementation may protect against tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury (TBLI). The aim is to investigate the effect and mechanism of FA on TBLI in rats. Liver injury was induced by a daily gavage of isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) in the model and FA groups. Rats in the FA group were also treated with 2.5 mg/kg body weight FA. Rats in the control group were not treated. Eight rats were used in each group. The severity of liver injury was measured by the serum levels of hepatic enzymes and histological score. The metabolites in serum and liver tissues were analyzed by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. FA treatment significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase and liver necrosis. Seventy-nine differential metabolites in the serum and liver tissues were identified among the three groups. N-acylethanolamines, INH and RIF metabolites, phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines, monoglycerides, diglycerides and bile acids were regulated by FA treatment, involving key metabolic pathways, such as N-acylethanolamine metabolism, INH and RIF metabolism, liver regeneration, inflammation alleviation and bile acid metabolism. RT-PCR and western blotting results confirmed the altered N-acylethanolamine metabolism and improved drug metabolism by FA. In conclusion, FA was protective against TBLI, which may be related to the regulation of N-acylethanolamine metabolism and drug detoxification by FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaochun Gai
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Ya Ni
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Qiang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Kang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Edwards BD, Mah H, Sabur NF, Brode SK. Hepatotoxicity and tuberculosis treatment outcomes in chronic liver disease. JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE CANADA 2023; 8:64-74. [PMID: 37008589 PMCID: PMC10052910 DOI: 10.3138/jammi-2022-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: The treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is known to cause liver injury, however, there is limited data to guide optimal treatment for patients with chronic liver disease. Methods: We undertook a retrospective case series of patients with chronic liver disease and TB disease. The primary objective was to determine if there was a difference in the incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in patients with cirrhosis versus those with chronic hepatitis. Additionally, we sought to compare TB treatment outcomes, type and duration of therapy, and incidence of adverse events. Results: We included 56 patients (chronic hepatitis 40; cirrhosis 16). There were 33 patients (58.9%) who experienced DILI requiring treatment modification, with no significant difference between groups: 65% vs. 43.8%, p = 0.23. Patients with chronic hepatitis were more likely to receive treatment with standard first-line intensive phase therapy that included a combination of rifampin (RIF), isoniazid, and pyrazinamide (80.8% vs. 19.2%, p = 0.03) and any regimen than included isoniazid (92.5% vs. 68.8%, p = 0.04). The risk of DILI was higher when more hepatotoxic TB medications were used. Overall treatment success in this cohort was low (55.4%), with no significant difference between groups (62.5% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.14). Most patients with treatment success (97%) were able to tolerate a rifamycin. Conclusions: The risk of DILI is high, especially with the use of isoniazid, in patients with TB and chronic liver disease. This risk can be effectively mitigated with no difference in treatment outcomes in the presence of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett D Edwards
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Henry Mah
- West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natasha F Sabur
- West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah K Brode
- West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Xu X, Zhu H, Cai L, Liu L, Zhang F, Zhou H, Mei B, Zhu M, Dai L, Chen T, Xu K. Risk Assessment of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events and Bleeding for Acute Myocardial Infarction With or Without Active Tuberculosis. Clin Ther 2022; 44:1370-1379. [PMID: 36150925 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The underlying ischemic and bleeding risks of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with active tuberculosis (TB) are unknown. The goal of this study was to explore the ischemic and bleeding risks, as well as treatment strategies during hospitalization, in patients with AMI with or without active TB. METHODS Patients were recruited from a tuberculosis hospital from 2014 to 2021. The primary outcomes were major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACE) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC)-defined type 3 or 5 bleeding. Multivariate logistic regression and propensity score matching were performed for risk adjustment. Subgroups were defined according to AMI with active pulmonary TB and AMI with active TB undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). FINDINGS A total of 242 patients were enrolled. Compared with AMI without active TB, AMI with active TB had a higher risk of MACE and BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with AMI without active TB, the odds ratio (OR) was 6.513 (95% CI, 2.195-19.331) for MACE in patients with AMI with active TB, and the OR was 16.074 (95% CI 3.337-77.436) for BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding in patients with AMI with active TB. After propensity score matching, AMI with active TB tended to increase the risk of MACE, although not statistically significantly (P = 0.189), and increased BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding (P < 0.001), compared with AMI without active TB. Results of subgroup analyses showed that active TB had outcomes consistent with those of the total cohort. AMI patients with active pulmonary TB who underwent PCI had a lower risk of MACE without an increase in the risk of bleeding compared with those not undergoing PCI. IMPLICATIONS Patients with AMI with active TB have a higher risk of MACE (or severe MACE) and bleeding than patients with AMI without active TB. However, AMI patients with active TB are still advised to undergo PCI for a high net clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Xu
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Houyong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Long Cai
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Libin Liu
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengwei Zhang
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjuan Zhou
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Mei
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingshan Dai
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tielong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kan Xu
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Li D, Dong J, Xi X, Huang G, Li W, Chen C, Liu J, Du Q, Liu S. Impact of pharmacist active consultation on clinical outcomes and quality of medical care in drug-induced liver injury inpatients in general hospital wards: A retrospective cohort study. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:972800. [PMID: 36110542 PMCID: PMC9468675 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.972800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The utility of pharmacist consultation for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) management has not been explored. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the impact of a pharmacist active consultation (PAC) service on the management and outcome in patients with DILI. Consecutive patients meeting clinical biochemical criteria for DILI were enrolled at a tertiary teaching hospital between 1 January 2020 and 30 April 2022. The Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method was used to assess causality between drug use and liver injury for each suspected DILI patient. Included patients were grouped according to whether they received PAC, and a proportional hazard model with multivariate risk adjustment, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), and propensity score matching (PSM) was used to assess DILI recovery. In the PSM cohort, the quality of medical care was compared between PAC and no PAC groups. A total of 224 patients with DILI (108 who received PAC and 116 who did not) were included in the analysis. Of these patients, 11 (10%) were classified as highly probable, 58 (54%) as probable, and 39 (36%) as possible DILI in the PAC group, while six patients (5%) were classified as highly probable, 53 (46%) as probable, and 57 (49%) as possible DILI in the no PAC group (p = 0.089). During patient recovery, PAC was associated with a ∼10% increase in the cumulative 180-day recovery rate. The PAC group had a crude hazard ratio (HR) of 1.73 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–2.43, p = 0.001] for DILI 180-day recovery, which remained stable after multivariate risk adjustment (HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.21–2.49, p = 0.003), IPTW (HR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.19–2.47, p = 0.003), and PSM (HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.01–2.23, p = 0.046). In the PSM cohort, PAC was more likely to identify suspect drugs (90% vs. 60%, p < 0.001) and lead to timely withdrawal of the medication (89% vs. 57%, p < 0.001). Thus, PAC is associated with a better quality of medical care for patients with DILI and can improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Xi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guili Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Center for Medical Information and Statistics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Du, ; Songqing Liu,
| | - Songqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Du, ; Songqing Liu,
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Lu Q, Liu J, Yu Y, Liang HF, Zhang SQ, Li ZB, Chen JX, Xu QG, Li JC. ALB, HP, OAF and RBP4 as novel protein biomarkers for identifying cured patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by DIA. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 535:82-91. [PMID: 35964702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease that lacks robust blood-based biomarkers to identify cured TB. Some discharged patients are not fully cured and may relapse or even develop multidrug-resistant TB. This study is committed to finding proteomic-based plasma biomarkers to support establishing laboratory standards for clinical TB cure. METHODS Data-independent acquisition (DIA) was used to obtain the plasma protein expression profiles of TB patients at different treatment stages compared with healthy controls. Multivariate statistical methods and bioinformatics were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Bioinformatic analysis suggests coagulation dysfunction and vitamin and lipid metabolism disturbances in TB. Albumin (ALB), haptoglobin (HP), out at first protein homolog (OAF), and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) can be used to establish a diagnostic model for the efficacy evaluation of TB with an area under the curve of 0.963, which could effectively distinguish untreated TB patients from cured patients. CONCLUSIONS Our research demonstrated that ALB, HP, OAF and RBP4 can be potential biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy of TB. These findings may provide experimental data for establishing the laboratory indicators of clinical TB cure and providing clinicians with new targets for exploring the underlying mechanisms of TB pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Lu
- The Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
| | - Jun Liu
- The Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
| | - Yi Yu
- The Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China; The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Hong-Feng Liang
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Shan-Qiang Zhang
- The Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Li
- The Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China; The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jia-Xi Chen
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 318050, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiu-Gui Xu
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Li
- The Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan 512025, China
- The Central Laboratory, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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10
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Wijaya V, Janďourek O, Křoustková J, Hradiská-Breiterová K, Korábečný J, Sobolová K, Kohelová E, Hošťálková A, Konečná K, Šafratová M, Vrabec R, Kuneš J, Opletal L, Chlebek J, Cahlíková L. Alkaloids of Dicranostigma franchetianum (Papaveraceae) and Berberine Derivatives as a New Class of Antimycobacterial Agents. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060844. [PMID: 35740968 PMCID: PMC9221290 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains has created a need for new antiTB agents with new chemical scaffolds to combat the disease. Thus, the key question is: how to search for new antiTB and where to look for them? One of the possibilities is to search among natural products (NPs). In order to search for new antiTB drugs, the detailed phytochemical study of the whole Dicranostigma franchetianum plant was performed isolating wide spectrum of isoquinoline alkaloids (IAs). The chemical structures of the isolated alkaloids were determined by a combination of MS, HRMS, 1D, and 2D NMR techniques, and by comparison with literature data. Alkaloids were screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and four other mycobacterial strains (M. aurum, M. avium, M. kansasii, and M. smegmatis). Alkaloids 3 and 5 showed moderate antimycobacterial activity against all tested strains (MICs 15.625–31.25 µg/mL). Furthermore, ten semisynthetic berberine (16a–16k) derivatives were developed and tested for antimycobacterial activity. In general, the derivatization of berberine was connected with a significant increase in antimycobacterial activity against all tested strains (MICs 0.39–7.81 μg/mL). Two derivatives (16e, 16k) were identified as compounds with micromolar MICs against M. tuberculosis H37Ra (MIC 2.96 and 2.78 µM). All compounds were also evaluated for their in vitro hepatotoxicity on a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2), exerting lower cytotoxicity profile than their MIC values, thereby potentially reaching an effective concentration without revealing toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viriyanata Wijaya
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Ondřej Janďourek
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Jana Křoustková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Kateřina Hradiská-Breiterová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jan Korábečný
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Kateřina Sobolová
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Eliška Kohelová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Anna Hošťálková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Klára Konečná
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Marcela Šafratová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Rudolf Vrabec
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiří Kuneš
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lubomír Opletal
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jakub Chlebek
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Lucie Cahlíková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Mishra S, Taneja S, De A, Muthu V, Verma N, Premkumar M, Duseja A, Singh V. Tuberculosis in Cirrhosis - A Diagnostic and Management Conundrum. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2022; 12:278-286. [PMID: 35535073 PMCID: PMC9077226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diagnosis and management of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with cirrhosis remains challenging. We studied the clinical spectrum, diagnosis, and management of TB along with the assessment of the diagnostic utility of various laboratory investigations in this cohort. Methods A retrospective review of records of patients with cirrhosis (July 2017 and December 2019) was done. Out of 30 patients with cirrhosis and TB, 20 patients with pleural/peritoneal TB (cases) were compared with 20 consecutively selected spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) controls. Composite of clinical, laboratory, radiologic features and response to antituberculosis therapy (ATT) was taken as the gold standard to diagnose TB. Results Extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) (n = 23, 76.7%) was more common. Overall, 9 (30%) patients presented with ATT-induced hepatitis. Patients with pleural/peritoneal TB had less severe hepatic dysfunction as compared to SBP group with significantly lower CTP [8 ± 1.5 vs. 9 ± 1.7 (P = 0.01)], MELD [16.3 ± 5.8 vs. 20.2 ± 6.6 (P = 0.02)] and MELD-Na [18.8 ± 5.9 vs. 22.5 ± 7.1 (P = 0.03)] scores. Median ascitic/pleural fluid total protein [2.7 (2.4-3.1) vs. 1.1 (0.9-1.2); P < 0.0001] and adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels [34.5 (30.3-42.7) vs. 15 (13-16); P < 0.0001] were significantly higher in the TB group. Total protein levels had a sensitivity and specificity 81% and 93.3%, respectively, at cut off value of >2 g/dl with an AUROC of 0.89 [(0.79-0.96); P < 0.001] whereas ADA levels at cutoff >26 IU/L showed 80% sensitivity and 90% specificity to diagnose pleural/peritoneal TB with an AUROC of 0.93 [(0.82-0.97); P < 0.001]. Only 11 (36.7%), and 8 (26.6%) patients showed positivity on GeneXpert and mTB-PCR, respectively. Patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh scores of ≤7 and 8-10 tolerated well two and one hepatotoxic drugs, respectively. Conclusions EPTB is more frequent in patients with cirrhosis. Relatively lower cutoffs of ascitic/pleural fluid total protein and ADA may be useful to diagnose EPTB in patients with high pretest probability. Individualized ATT with close monitoring and dynamic modifications is effective and well-tolerated.
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Key Words
- ADA, Adenosine deaminase
- AFB, Acid-fast bacilli
- AKI, Acute kidney injury
- ATT, Anti-Tuberculosis therapy
- AUROC, Area under receiver operator curve
- CI, Confidence interval
- CT, Computed tomography
- CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh
- DILI, Drug-induced liver injury
- EPTB, Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis
- LSM, Liver stiffness measurement
- MELD, Model for End-stage liver disease
- MELD-Na, Model for End-stage liver disease with sodium
- MTB, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
- NAAT, Nucleic acid amplification test
- SAAG, Serum-ascitic albumin gradient
- SBE, Spontaneous bacterial empyema
- SBP, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
- SD, Standard deviation
- SPAG, Serum-pleural fluid albumin gradient
- TB, Tuberculosis
- ZN, Ziehl-Neilson
- adenosine deaminase
- antituberculosis therapy
- chronic liver disease
- cirrhosis
- mTB-PCR, multiplex TB-polymerase chain reaction
- tuberculosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Mishra
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sunil Taneja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India,Address for correspondence: Dr Sunil Taneja M.D., D.M., Assistant Professor, Department of Hepatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160012, India. Tel.: +91 9592160444.
| | - Arka De
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Valliappan Muthu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Nipun Verma
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Madhumita Premkumar
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Virendra Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Vallilas C, Zachou M, Dolkiras P, Sakellariou S, Constantinou CA, Flevari P, Anastasopoulou A, Androutsakos T. Difficulties in Diagnosing and Treating Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Infection After Intravesical BCG Therapy in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2021; 22:e933006. [PMID: 34654796 PMCID: PMC8525903 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.933006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 62-year-old
Final Diagnosis: BCGitis
Symptoms: Fever • general fatigue
Medication: —
Clinical Procedure: Bone marrow biopsy • liver biopsy
Specialty: Infectious Diseases • General and Internal Medicine
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Vallilas
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Zachou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sismanoglio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Stratigoula Sakellariou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Pagona Flevari
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Center, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Theodoros Androutsakos
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athnes, Greece
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Maafi N, Mamun AA, Janďourek O, Maříková J, Breiterová K, Diepoltová A, Konečná K, Hošťálková A, Hulcová D, Kuneš J, Kohelová E, Koutová D, Šafratová M, Nováková L, Cahlíková L. Semisynthetic Derivatives of Selected Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids as a New Class of Antimycobacterial Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196023. [PMID: 34641567 PMCID: PMC8512562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for novel antimycobacterial drugs is a matter of urgency, since tuberculosis is still one of the top ten causes of death from a single infectious agent, killing more than 1.4 million people worldwide each year. Nine Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) of various structural types have been screened for their antimycobacterial activity. Unfortunately, all were considered inactive, and thus a pilot series of aromatic esters of galanthamine, 3-O-methylpancracine, vittatine and maritidine were synthesized to increase biological activity. The semisynthetic derivatives of AAs were screened for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and two other mycobacterial strains (M. aurum, M. smegmatis) using a modified Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. The most active compounds were also studied for their in vitro hepatotoxicity on the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. In general, the derivatization of the original AAs was associated with a significant increase in antimycobacterial activity. Several pilot derivatives were identified as compounds with micromolar MICs against M. tuberculosis H37Ra. Two derivatives of galanthamine, 1i and 1r, were selected for further structure optimalization to increase the selectivity index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Maafi
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Ondřej Janďourek
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Jana Maříková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kateřina Breiterová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Adéla Diepoltová
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Klára Konečná
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Anna Hošťálková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Daniela Hulcová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kuneš
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Eliška Kohelová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Darja Koutová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Simkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Marcela Šafratová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lucie Cahlíková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495-067-311
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Borah P, Deb PK, Venugopala KN, Al-Shar'i NA, Singh V, Deka S, Srivastava A, Tiwari V, Mailavaram RP. Tuberculosis: An Update on Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, Newer Anti-TB Drugs, Treatment Regimens and Host- Directed Therapies. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:547-570. [PMID: 33319660 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621999201211200447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human tuberculosis (TB) is primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that inhabits inside and amidst immune cells of the host with adapted physiology to regulate interdependent cellular functions with intact pathogenic potential. The complexity of this disease is attributed to various factors such as the reactivation of latent TB form after prolonged persistence, disease progression specifically in immunocompromised patients, advent of multi- and extensivelydrug resistant (MDR and XDR) Mtb strains, adverse effects of tailor-made regimens, and drug-drug interactions among anti-TB drugs and anti-HIV therapies. Thus, there is a compelling demand for newer anti-TB drugs or regimens to overcome these obstacles. Considerable multifaceted transformations in the current TB methodologies and molecular interventions underpinning hostpathogen interactions and drug resistance mechanisms may assist to overcome the emerging drug resistance. Evidently, recent scientific and clinical advances have revolutionised the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of all forms of the disease. This review sheds light on the current understanding of the pathogenesis of TB disease, molecular mechanisms of drug-resistance, progress on the development of novel or repurposed anti-TB drugs and regimens, host-directed therapies, with particular emphasis on underlying knowledge gaps and prospective for futuristic TB control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pobitra Borah
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandrapur Road, Panikhaiti, Guwahati-26, Assam, India
| | - Pran K Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, PO Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Vinayak Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Satyendra Deka
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandrapur Road, Panikhaiti, Guwahati-26, Assam, India
| | - Amavya Srivastava
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Raghu P Mailavaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram - 534 202, West Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India
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15
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Xiong K, Cai J, Liu P, Wang J, Zhao S, Xu L, Yang Y, Liu J, Ma A. Lactobacillus casei Alleviated the Abnormal Increase of Cholestasis-Related Liver Indices During Tuberculosis Treatment: A Post Hoc Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100108. [PMID: 33864432 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Probiotics are promising in mitigating drug-induced liver injury in animal experiments. However, the clinical evidence is absent. The objective is to investigate the effect of adjunctive Lactobacillus casei on tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. METHODS AND RESULTS A post hoc analysis is conducted for a previous randomized controlled trial. The trial is registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR-IOR-17013210). Four hundred twenty nine patients are allocated to receive standard tuberculosis therapy alone (control group), or together with 1 × 1010 colony-forming units (CFU) per day (low-dose group), or 2 × 1010 CFU per day of L. casei (high-dose group) during tuberculosis treatment. The L. casei supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of the abnormal increase of cholestasis-related liver indices including alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.024) and bilirubin (p = 0.013). Plasma lipopolysaccharide (p = 0.02), intestinal permeability biomarkers including zonula occludens-1 (p = 0.001) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (p = 0.002) are significantly reduced. The gut microbiota composition is dramatically altered with a reduction of Bacteroidetes (p < 0.001) and a corresponding increase of Actinobacteria (p < 0.001) and Firmicutes (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS L. casei supplementation is beneficial for suppressing abnormally elevated cholestasis-related liver indices during tuberculosis treatment, which may be related to its modification on blood lipopolysaccharide, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiong
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | - Peiying Liu
- Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, 276000, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | | | - Lei Xu
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | - Jiahong Liu
- Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, China
| | - Aiguo Ma
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
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Zhang Q, Li S, Cai L, Zhu Y, Duan X, Jiang P, Zhong L, Guo K, Tong R. Microenvironment Activatable Nanoprodrug Based on Gripper-like Cyclic Phenylboronic Acid to Precisely and Effectively Alleviate Drug-induced Hepatitis. Theranostics 2021; 11:8301-8321. [PMID: 34373743 PMCID: PMC8344015 DOI: 10.7150/thno.61214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced hepatitis (DIH), which seriously interferes with disease treatment, is one of the most common reasons for termination of new drugs during preclinical studies or post-marketing surveillance. Although antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents are promising, their nonspecific distribution and insolubility limit their application. Therefore, precise drug release at the disease site is an important way to alleviate DIH and avoid side effects. Methods: A gripper-like hydrophilic cyclic phenylboronic acid (cPBA) was synthesized and a nanoprodrug (cPBA-BE) was established by coupling cPBA with hydrophobic baicalein (BE). The stimuli-responsive release properties and therapeutic effect of cPBA-BE on drug-injured hepatocyte were investigated. The biodistribution and therapeutic effect of cPBA-BE both in acetaminophen-induced acute hepatitis model and rifampicin-induced chronic hepatitis model were further evaluated. Results: cPBA-BE conjugate could self-assemble into nanoprodrug with cPBA as the hydrophilic external layer and BE as the hydrophobic core. In HepaRG cells, cPBA-BE showed stronger cellular uptake. Due to the H2O2- and acid-sensitivity, cPBA-BE could achieve adequate BE release, significantly resist the depletion of GSH, mitochondrial dysfunction, downregulation of inflammation and cell apoptosis in the acetaminophen injured HepaRG cells. Biodistribution showed that cPBA-BE specifically increased the concentration of BE in the liver of DIH mice. cPBA-BE could alleviate acetaminophen-induced acute hepatitis or rifampicin-induced chronic hepatitis more effectively through relieving the oxidative stress, inflammation and block the neutrophil infiltration in liver. Conclusions: cPBA is expected to be a good platform for constructing injectable nanoprodrug with both H2O2 and pH-responsive properties by coupling a wide range of drugs containing o-diol. In this study, the nanoprodrug cPBA-BE was determined to be effective for alleviating the DIH.
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17
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Wang J, Xiong K, Xu L, Zhang C, Zhao S, Liu Y, Ma A. Dietary Intake of Vegetables and Cooking Oil Was Associated With Drug-Induced Liver Injury During Tuberculosis Treatment: A Preliminary Cohort Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:652311. [PMID: 34109203 PMCID: PMC8180911 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.652311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Drug-induced liver injury is challenging during tuberculosis treatment. There is no epidemiological data investigating the relation between dietary intake and the risk of drug-induced liver injury during tuberculosis treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of food and nutrient intake with the incidence of tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. Methods: A cohort study was conducted in two city-level tuberculosis-specialized hospitals in Linyi City and Qingdao City, China from January 2011 to December 2013. The dietary intake was assessed by a 3-day 24-h food recall survey and a standard food-frequency questionnaire. The liver functions including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were monitored throughout the 6-month tuberculosis therapy. Liver injury was defined as ALT or AST higher than two times of the upper limit of normal (ULN). Liver dysfunction was defined as ALT or AST higher than the ULN. The ULN for ALT and AST is 40 U/L. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the dietary factors associated with the incidence of liver injury and liver dysfunction. Results: A total of 605 patients were included in the analysis. During the treatment, 8.1% patients exhibited liver injury and 23.3% patients exhibited liver dysfunction. A lower intake of vegetables was associated with a higher risk of liver injury [OR (95% CI): 3.50 (1.52–8.08), P = 0.003) and liver dysfunction [OR (95% CI): 2.37 (1.31–4.29), P = 0.004], while a lower intake of cooking oil was associated with a lower risk of liver injury [OR (95% CI): 0.44 (0.20–0.96), P = 0.040)] and liver dysfunction [OR (95% CI): 0.51 (0.31–0.85), P = 0.009]. Conclusion: The current study indicated that the higher risks of tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury and liver dysfunction were statistically associated with decreased vegetable intake and increased cooking oil intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Wang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | | | - Aiguo Ma
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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18
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Gui L, Wu Q, Hu Y, Zeng W, Tan X, Zhu P, Li X, Yang L, Jia W, Liu C, Lan K. Compensatory Transition of Bile Acid Metabolism from Fecal Disposition of Secondary Bile Acids to Urinary Excretion of Primary Bile Acids Underlies Rifampicin-Induced Cholestasis in Beagle Dogs. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1001-1013. [PMID: 33860216 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug induced cholestasis (DIC) is complexly associated with dysbiosis of the host-gut microbial cometabolism of bile acids (BAs). Murine animals are not suitable for transitional studies because the murine BA metabolism is quite different from human metabolism. In this work, the rifampicin (RFP) induced cholestasis was established in beagle dogs that have a humanlike BA profile to disclose how RFP affects the host-gut microbial cometabolism of BAs. The daily excretion of BA metabolites in urine and feces was extensively analyzed during cholestasis by quantitative BA profiling along the primary-secondary-tertiary axis. Oral midazolam clearance was also acquired to monitor the RFP-induced enterohepatic CYP3A activities because CYP3A is exclusively responsible for the tertiary oxidation of hydrophobic secondary BAs. RFP treatments caused a compensatory transition of the BA metabolism from the fecal disposition of secondary BAs to the urinary excretion of primary BAs in dogs, resulting in an infantile BA metabolism pattern recently disclosed in newborns. However, the tertiary BAs consistently constituted limitedly in the daily BA excretion, indicating that the detoxification role of the CYP3A catalyzed tertiary BA metabolism was not as strong as expected in this model. Multiple host-gut microbial factors might have contributed to the transition of the BA metabolism, such as inhibition of BA transporters, induction of liver-kidney interplaying detoxification mechanisms, and elimination of gut bacteria responsible for secondary BA production. Transitional studies involving more cholestatic drugs in preclinical animals with a humanlike BA profile and DIC patients may pave the way for understanding the complex mechanism of DIC in the era of metagenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- LanLan Gui
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - QingLiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - YiTing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - WuShuang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - XianWen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - PingPing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - XueJing Li
- Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China.,WestChina-Frontier PharmaTech Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Jia
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - ChangXiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China.,Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China
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19
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Bakshi S, Kaur M, Saini N, Mir AA, Duseja A, Sinha SK, Sharma S. Altered expressions of circulating microRNAs 122 and 192 during antitubercular drug induced liver injury indicating their role as potential biomarkers. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1474-1484. [PMID: 33729026 DOI: 10.1177/0960327121997975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Drug induced liver toxicity is a serious health complication leading to high mortality rates and post marketing withdrawal of drugs. Although considered to be the gold standard biomarkers; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase have been found to have specificities beyond liver, therefore more specific and predictive markers for the detection of antitubercular drug mediated liver damage are required. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of currently used first line antitubercular drugs namely isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide is often accompanied with liver injury, impeding the cure of patients. Keeping in view, the prognostic and diagnostic applications of microRNAs in various diseases, we tried to assess the importance of microRNAs 122 and 192 in antitubercular drug associated liver injuries. The study included subjects having tuberculosis of any type with antitubercular drug induced liver injury; naïve or newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients, tuberculosis patients on drugs not having toxicity and healthy controls. Observations from this study revealed that expression levels of miR-122 and miR-192 were significantly decreased in the serum of antitubercular drug induced liver injury patients only. Therefore, these microRNAs or the pathways associated with them can be used as a tool to predict or cure antitubercular drug associated liver injury in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bakshi
- Department of Biochemistry, 29751Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - M Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, 29751Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Saini
- Department of Biochemistry, 29751Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A A Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, 29751Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.,Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Sinha
- Department of Gasteroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, 29751Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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20
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Vitamins A and D fail to protect against tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury: A post hoc analysis of a previous randomized controlled trial. Nutrition 2021; 86:111155. [PMID: 33601121 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamins A and D provided protection from xenobiotic-induced liver injury in previous animal studies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of our previous randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of vitamin A and D supplementation on tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. METHODS The trial was conducted in a hospital in Qingdao, China, from October 2012 to March, 2015. The control group received only tuberculosis treatment. The vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamins A & D groups received, respectively, additional supplementation of 2000 IU/d vitamin A, 400 IU/d vitamin D, and a combination of 2000 IU/d vitamin A and 400 IU/d vitamin D. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and cholinesterase were monitored throughout the treatment. Liver injury was defined as ALT or AST three times higher than the upper limit of normal, which was defined for AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and cholinesterase, respectively, as 40 U/L, 40 U/L, 150 U/L, 40 U/L, and 10 500 U/L. RESULTS Among the 753 participants, 11% exhibited liver injury. No significant effect of vitamin A or D supplementation was observed on the incidence of liver injury or on elevated liver indices including ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and cholinesterase. The interaction between vitamin A and D supplementation was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin A and D supplementation did not protect against tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury. Future work should evaluate the effects of higher dosages of vitamins A and D and the effects of different genotypes for vitamin A and D metabolic enzymes or receptors.
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21
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Yang Y, Liu L, Xu M, Zhang X, Wang L, He Q, Xu M, Jiang X. Tanshinone ⅡA may alleviate rifampin-induced cholestasis by regulating the expression and function of NTCP. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:1003-1011. [PMID: 33307820 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120979030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) acts as the major hepatic basolateral uptake system, and plays a key role in balancing bile flow. The anti-tuberculosis drugs rifampin (RFP) can affect bile flow causing liver injury, while tanshinone IIA (TAN IIA) has the effect of protecting liver. This study aimed to investigate the effects of RFP and TAN IIA on the NTCP expression and activity, and explore the potential connections. Herein, we established sandwich-cultured primary rat hepatocytes, and quantified mRNA and protein levels of NRF2 and NTCP after treatment with RFP (10, 25, or 50 μM) or co-treatment with TAN IIA (5, 10, or 20 μM) for 12, 24, 48 h (n = 3). NTCP activity was assessed by measuring the initial uptake rates of known substrates taurocholate (TCA) (n = 3) after treatment with different concentrations of RFP, TAN ⅡA for 12, 24 and 48 h. We found that RFP had inhibition effects on NRF2, NTCP mRNA and protein expression, and co-administration of TAN IIA could reverse RFP inhibition. TCA cellular accumulation was significantly decreased by RFP (39.1%), and TAN IIA could significantly induce TCA uptake of NTCP (2.9-fold at 48 h). The TCA uptake activity was correlated with the NTCP mRNA expression, confirming the role of RFP or TAN IIA on NTCP expression and activity is synchronous, and we can predict NTCP activity by detecting its mRNA expression. In conclusion, our work will enrich the significance of NTCP in the liver protection, and provide theoretical basis for TAN IIA to prevent RFP induced cholestatic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, 159411The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, 535321West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, 535321West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 575842the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, 535321West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, 159411The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, 535321West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Q He
- Department of Pharmacy, 159411The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, 159411The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, 535321West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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22
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Tetali SR, Kunapaeddi E, Mailavaram RP, Singh V, Borah P, Deb PK, Venugopala KN, Hourani W, Tekade RK. Current advances in the clinical development of anti-tubercular agents. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2020; 125:101989. [PMID: 32957054 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2020.101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable airborne infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that primarily affects the lungs, and can disseminate to other parts of the body. MTB is one of the most dangerous pathogens, killing about 1.4 million people annually worldwide. Although the standard treatment of TB is comprised of four anti-TB drugs, the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensive drug-resistant (XDR) strains in the recent past and associated side effects have affected the tailor-made regimens. Notably, existing therapies approved by the World Health Organisation (WHO) can only treat less than 50% of drug-resistant TB. Therefore, an expeditious pace in the TB research is highly needed in search of effective, affordable, least toxic novel drugs with shorter regimens to reach the goals viz. 2020 milestones End TB strategy set by the WHO. Currently, twenty-three drug-like molecules are under investigation in different stages of clinical trials. These newer agents are expected to be effective against the resistant strains. This article summarizes the properties, merits, demerits, and the probability of their success as novel potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanvai Reddy Tetali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, 534 202, West Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Eswar Kunapaeddi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, 534 202, West Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Raghu Prasad Mailavaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, 534 202, West Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Vinayak Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Pobitra Borah
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandrapur Road, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, 781026, Assam, India
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, PO Box 1, Amman, 19392, Jordan.
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Wafa Hourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, PO Box 1, Amman, 19392, Jordan
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
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23
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Lee H, Sohn JW, Sim YS, Shin TR, Kim DG, Choi H. Outcomes of extended duration therapy for drug-susceptible cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:346. [PMID: 32355790 PMCID: PMC7186603 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Extending the continuation phase treatment duration is recommended to improve outcomes of drug-susceptible cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), but limited data are available on extended treatment outcomes. Methods We evaluated outcomes of 67 patients with drug-susceptible cavitary pulmonary TB who had received extended therapy. The primary endpoint of our study was the rate of a favorable outcome (cured or treatment completion without recurrence). Results Of the 67 patients, 40 (59.7%) were culture negative and 27 (40.3%) were culture positive two months after treatment initiation. The median treatment duration was 275 days. Extended duration therapy resulted in a 100% treatment success rate and 2.5% recurrence rate in patients with a negative culture at month 2. However, patients with a positive culture at month 2, showed a 74.1% treatment success rate and 8.0% recurrence rate (P<0.001 and P=0.554, respectively). In multivariable analyses, positive culture at month 2 was associated with greater odds of unfavorable outcomes (adjusted OR, 17.04, 95% CI, 1.68–177.92). Conclusions While extending the continuation phase was associated with favorable outcomes in pulmonary TB patients with negative culture at month 2, the same could not be achieved in those with positive culture at month 2, suggesting that this condition might not be overcome by merely extending the continuation phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Won Sohn
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Su Sim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Tae Rim Shin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hayoung Choi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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Yang Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Jiang X, Wang L. Tanshinone IIA prevents rifampicin-induced liver injury by regulating BSEP/NTCP expression via epigenetic activation of NRF2. Liver Int 2020; 40:141-154. [PMID: 31571363 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Rifampicin (RFP)-induced cholestatic liver injury is characterized by impaired hepatic bile acid (BA) transport. Bile salt efflux pump (BSEP) and Na+/taurocholate cotransporter (NTCP) are the major BA transporters. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying these transporters. METHODS The role of tanshinone IIA (TAN IIA) in preventing RFP-induced liver injury was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, based on the regulatory mechanism of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-BSEP/NTCP signalling. The epigenetic induction of NRF2 by TAN IIA was investigated as well as the influence on BSEP and NTCP transcriptional activation and NRF2 DNA-binding ability. RESULTS TAN IIA strongly induced BSEP and NTCP expression in hepatocytes. NRF2 knockdown abrogated the induction. We found two NRF2 binding sites on the human BSEP promoter, called musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma recognition elements (MAREs), and one MARE on the NTCP promoter. Human BSEP and NTCP promoter luciferase reporter gene plasmids were stimulated by NRF2. Mutations of the predicted MAREs abolished NRF2 transcriptional activation. TAN IIA induced the expression of ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) to mediate the demethylation of NRF2, which promoted NRF2 DNA-binding on the BSEP and NTCP promoters and their transcriptional activation. Finally, in vivo, Nrf2 played an important role in RFP-induced liver injury (more serious liver injury in Nrf2-/- mice), and TAN IIA prevented it. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that NRF2 regulates the target transporters BSEP and NTCP, depending on the DNA demethylation by TET2. Pharmacological activation of NRF2 by TAN IIA may be beneficial for RFP-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuehua Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Phenolic N-monosubstituted carbamates: Antitubercular and toxicity evaluation of multi-targeting compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Lawal IO, Fourie BP, Mathebula M, Moagi I, Lengana T, Moeketsi N, Nchabeleng M, Hatherill M, Sathekge MM. 18F-FDG PET/CT as a Noninvasive Biomarker for Assessing Adequacy of Treatment and Predicting Relapse in Patients Treated for Pulmonary Tuberculosis. J Nucl Med 2019; 61:412-417. [PMID: 31451489 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.233783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial culture is the gold standard for determining the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment. End-of-treatment (EOT) 18F-FDG PET/CT findings are variable among patients with negative microbial culture results after completing a standard regimen of antituberculous treatment (ATT), with some patients having a complete metabolic response to treatment whereas others have residual metabolic activity (RMA). We herein determine the impact of findings on EOT 18F-FDG PET/CT on tuberculosis relapse in patients treated with a standard regimen of ATT for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis (DS-PTB). Methods: Patients who completed a standard regimen of ATT for DS-PTB and were declared cured based on a negative clinical and bacteriologic examination were prospectively recruited to undergo EOT 18F-FDG PET/CT. Images were assessed for the presence of RMA. Patients were subsequently followed up for 6 mo looking for symptoms of tuberculosis relapse. When new symptoms developed, relapse was confirmed with bacteriologic testing. Repeat 18F-FDG PET/CT was done in patients who relapsed. Results: Fifty-three patients were included (mean age, 37.81 ± 11.29 y), with 62% being male and 75% HIV-infected. RMA was demonstrated in 33 patients (RMA group), whereas 20 patients had a complete metabolic response to ATT (non-RMA group). There was a higher prevalence of lung cavitation in the RMA group (P = 0.035). The groups did not significantly differ in age, sex, presence of HIV infection, body mass index, or hemoglobin level (P > 0.05). On follow-up, no patients in the non-RMA group developed tuberculosis relapse. Three patients in the RMA group developed relapse. All patients who developed tuberculosis relapse had bilateral disease with lung cavitation. Conclusion: A negative EOT 18F-FDG PET/CT result is protective against tuberculosis relapse. Nine percent of patients with RMA after ATT may experience tuberculosis relapse within 6 mo of completing ATT. Bilateral disease with lung cavitation is prevalent among patients with tuberculosis relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaheel O Lawal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Bernard P Fourie
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Matsontso Mathebula
- Department of Medical Microbiology and MeCRU, Sefako Makgatho University of Medical Science, Pretoria, South Africa; and
| | - Ingrid Moagi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and MeCRU, Sefako Makgatho University of Medical Science, Pretoria, South Africa; and
| | - Thabo Lengana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nontando Moeketsi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and MeCRU, Sefako Makgatho University of Medical Science, Pretoria, South Africa; and
| | - Maphoshane Nchabeleng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and MeCRU, Sefako Makgatho University of Medical Science, Pretoria, South Africa; and
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mike M Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
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Rodríguez-Flores EM, Mata-Espinosa D, Barrios-Payan J, Marquina-Castillo B, Castañón-Arreola M, Hernández-Pando R. A significant therapeutic effect of silymarin administered alone, or in combination with chemotherapy, in experimental pulmonary tuberculosis caused by drug-sensitive or drug-resistant strains: In vitro and in vivo studies. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217457. [PMID: 31145751 PMCID: PMC6542514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years, tuberculosis (TB) has been a major public health problem worldwide. Advances for treatment and eradication have been very limited. Silymarin (Sm) is a natural product with antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities that has been proposed as a complementary medicine to reduce the liver injury produced by the conventional anti-TB chemotherapy. Sm also has immunoregulatory and microbicide properties. In this study, we determined the effect of Sm on the growth control of mycobacteria. In vitro studies showed that Sm and Silibinin (the principal active compound of Sm) have microbicidal activity against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) mycobacteria, induce the production of protective cytokines from infected macrophages, and improve the growth control of mycobacteria (p ≤ 0.0001). Studies in vivo using a model of progressive pulmonary TB in BALB/c mice infected with drug-sensitive or MDR mycobacteria have shown that Sm induces significant expression of Th-1 cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-12 as well as TNFα, which produce significant therapeutic activity when administered alone and apparently have a synergistic effect with chemotherapy. These results suggest that Sm has a bactericidal effect and can contribute to the control and establishment of a TH1 protective immune response against mycobacterial infection. Thus, it seems that this flavonoid has a promising potential as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edén M. Rodríguez-Flores
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ‘‘Salvador Zubiran”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Genomic Sciences Program, Autonomous University of México City, Mexico City, México
| | - Dulce Mata-Espinosa
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ‘‘Salvador Zubiran”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Barrios-Payan
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ‘‘Salvador Zubiran”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Brenda Marquina-Castillo
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ‘‘Salvador Zubiran”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ‘‘Salvador Zubiran”, Mexico City, Mexico
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Laoveeravat P, Wongjarupong N, Phathong C, Hurst C, Treeprasertsuk S, Rerknimitr R, Chaiteerakij R. Characteristics and risk factors for antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury in a cohort of patients with cirrhosis in a tertiary referral university teaching hospital in Thailand. ASIAN BIOMED 2019; 12:65-74. [DOI: 10.1515/abm-2019-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cirrhotic patients are susceptible to drug toxicity, which presents frequently with antituberculosis drug (ATD) treatment. Previous studies of ATD-induced liver injury (ATDILI) in cirrhotics have been limited to patients with early-stage cirrhosis.
Objectives
To describe characteristics and determine risk factors for ATDILI in cirrhotic patients.
Methods
We included 64 cirrhotic patients treated with ATDs between 2006 and 2016 in a tertiary referral university teaching hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Cirrhosis was diagnosed by radiological features, including small-sized nodular liver and/or caudate lobe hypertrophy or evidence of portal hypertension (collateral vessels, varices, and/or splenomegaly). Clinical information was retrospectively abstracted. Characteristics of patients with ATDILI vs. those without ATDILI were compared.
Results
Six (9.4%) patients developed ATDILI with the median duration from ATD initiation of 14 days (range: 6–66). All the 6 patients who developed ATDILI received 3 hepatotoxic ATDs (isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide) and had Child–Turcotte–Pugh class B cirrhosis. The patients with ATDILI were found to have a higher percentage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection than patients without ATDILI (50% vs. 8.6%; P = 0.02).
Conclusions
Cirrhotic patients, particularly those with underlying HIV infection, are at risk of developing ATDILI. Pyrazinamide should be used cautiously in cirrhotic patients due to the significantly increased risk of ATIDLI. This study supports the current recommendation for the use of ATD in patients with cirrhosis; however, the ATD regimen should be carefully selected, particularly for cirrhotic patients with HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passisd Laoveeravat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nicha Wongjarupong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chonlada Phathong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Cameron Hurst
- Biostatistics Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sombat Treeprasertsuk
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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da Silva PB, de Freitas ES, Solcia MC, de Souza PC, da Silva MM, Batista AA, Eismann CE, Rolisola AMCM, Menegário AA, Cardoso RF, Chorilli M, Pavan FR. A Nanostructured Lipid System to Improve the Oral Bioavailability of Ruthenium(II) Complexes for the Treatment of Infections Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2930. [PMID: 30574128 PMCID: PMC6291527 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious, airborne disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs. Fortunately, tuberculosis is a curable disease, and in recent years, death rates for this disease have decreased. However, the existence of antibiotic-resistant strains and the occurrence of co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), have led to increased mortality in recent years. Another area of concern is that one-third of the world's population is currently infected with M. tuberculosis in its latent state, serving as a potential reservoir for active TB. In an effort to address the failure of current TB drugs, greater attention is being given to the importance of bioinorganic chemistry as an ally in new research into the development of anti-TB drugs. Ruthenium (Ru) is a chemical element that can mimic iron (Fe) in the body. In previous studies involving the following heteroleptic Ru complexes, [Ru(pic)(dppb)(bipy)]PF6 (SCAR1), [Ru(pic)(dppb)(Me-bipy)]PF6 (SCAR2), [Ru(pic)(dppb)(phen)]PF6 (SCAR4), cis-[Ru(pic)(dppe)2]PF6 (SCAR5), and [Ru(pic)(dppe)(phen)]PF6 (SCAR7), we observed excellent anti-TB activity, moderate cell-toxicity, and a lack of oral bioavailability in an in vivo model of these complexes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and oral bioavailability of these complexes by loading them into a nanostructured lipid system. The nanostructured lipid system was generated using different ratios of surfactant (soybean phosphatidylcholine, Eumulgin®, and sodium oleate), aqueous phase (phosphate buffer with a concentration of 1X and pH 7.4), and oil (cholesterol) to generate a system for the incorporation of Ru(II) compounds. The anti-TB activity of the compounds was determined using a microdilution assay with Resazurin (REMA) against strains of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and clinical isolates resistant. Cytotoxicity assay using J774.A1 cells (ATCC TIB-67) and intra-macrophage activity were performed. The oral bioavailability assay was used to analyze blood collected from female BALB/C mice. Plasma collected from the same mice was analyzed via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to quantify the number of Ru ions. The complexes loaded into the nanostructured lipid system maintained in vitro activity and toxicity was found to be reduced compared with the compounds that were not loaded. The complexes showed intra-macrophagic activity and were orally bioavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia B da Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos E Eismann
- Environmental Studies Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | | | - Amauri A Menegário
- Environmental Studies Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | | | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Fernando R Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Brazil
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30
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Colangeli R, Jedrey H, Kim S, Connell R, Ma S, Chippada Venkata UD, Chakravorty S, Gupta A, Sizemore EE, Diem L, Sherman DR, Okwera A, Dietze R, Boom WH, Johnson JL, Mac Kenzie WR, Alland D. Bacterial Factors That Predict Relapse after Tuberculosis Therapy. N Engl J Med 2018; 379:823-833. [PMID: 30157391 PMCID: PMC6317071 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1715849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 5% of patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis have a relapse after 6 months of first-line therapy, as do approximately 20% of patients after 4 months of short-course therapy. We postulated that by analyzing pretreatment isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from patients who subsequently had a relapse or were cured, we could determine any correlations between the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of a drug below the standard resistance breakpoint and the relapse risk after treatment. METHODS Using data from the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 22 (development cohort), we assessed relapse and cure isolates to determine the MIC values of isoniazid and rifampin that were below the standard resistance breakpoint (0.1 μg per milliliter for isoniazid and 1.0 μg per milliliter for rifampin). We combined this analysis with clinical, radiologic, and laboratory data to generate predictive relapse models, which we validated by analyzing data from the DMID 01-009 study (validation cohort). RESULTS In the development cohort, the mean (±SD) MIC of isoniazid below the breakpoint was 0.0334±0.0085 μg per milliliter in the relapse group and 0.0286±0.0092 μg per milliliter in the cure group, which represented a higher value in the relapse group by a factor of 1.17 (P=0.02). The corresponding MIC values of rifampin were 0.0695±0.0276 and 0.0453±0.0223 μg per milliliter, respectively, which represented a higher value in the relapse group by a factor of 1.53 (P<0.001). Higher MIC values remained associated with relapse in a multivariable analysis that included other significant between-group differences. In an analysis of receiver-operating-characteristic curves of relapse based on these MIC values, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.779. In the development cohort, the AUC in a multivariable model that included MIC values was 0.875. In the validation cohort, the MIC values either alone or combined with other patient characteristics were also predictive of relapse, with AUC values of 0.964 and 0.929, respectively. The use of a model score for the MIC values of isoniazid and rifampin to achieve 75.0% sensitivity in cross-validation analysis predicted relapse with a specificity of 76.5% in the development cohort and a sensitivity of 70.0% and a specificity of 100% in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS In pretreatment isolates of M. tuberculosis with decrements of MIC values of isoniazid or rifampin below standard resistance breakpoints, higher MIC values were associated with a greater risk of relapse than lower MIC values. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Colangeli
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Hannah Jedrey
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Soyeon Kim
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Roy Connell
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Shuyi Ma
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Uma D Chippada Venkata
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Soumitesh Chakravorty
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Aditi Gupta
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Erin E Sizemore
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Lois Diem
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - David R Sherman
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Alphonse Okwera
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - Reynaldo Dietze
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - W Henry Boom
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - John L Johnson
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - William R Mac Kenzie
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
| | - David Alland
- From the Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School (R. Colangeli, H.J., U.D.C.V., S.C., A.G., D.A.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (S.K., R. Connell), Newark; the Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle (S.M., D.R.S.); the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (E.E.S., L.D., W.R.M.K.); Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda (A.O.); Nucleo de Doencas Infecciosas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil (R.D.); and the Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (W.H.B., J.L.J.)
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Diop EA, Queiroz EF, Kicka S, Rudaz S, Diop T, Soldati T, Wolfender JL. Survey on medicinal plants traditionally used in Senegal for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and assessment of their antimycobacterial activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:71-78. [PMID: 29289797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In West Africa, populations are used to taking traditional medicine as a first aid against common health problems. In this aspect, many plants are claimed to be effective in the treatment of Tuberculosis (TB), which according to the World Health Organization (WHO) remains one of the world's deadliest communicable diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The main aim of this study was to identify plants used to treat TB-symptoms by the population of Senegal and to evaluate their possible concomitant use with clinically approved TB-drugs. This approach allowed the selection of plants effectively used in traditional medicine. In order to verify if the usage of some of these plants can be rationalized, the activity of their traditional preparations was assessed with both an intracellular and extracellular antimycobacterial host-pathogen assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ethnopharmacological survey conducted on 117 TB-patients and 30 healers in Senegal from March to May 2014. The questionnaires were focused on the use of medicinal plants to treat common TB -symptoms (cough longer than 2 weeks, fever, night sweats, weight loss and bloody sputum). Local plant names, utilized organs (herbal drugs) and traditional formulations of the plants were recorded. Extracts were prepared by mimicking the traditional decoction in boiling water and screened for their antimycobacterial activity using Mycobacterium marinum, as a validated TB surrogate, and an Acanthamoeba castellanii - M. marinum whole-cell based host-pathogen assay, to detect anti-infective activities. RESULTS By the end of the survey, nearly 30 plants were cited and the 12 most cited herbal drugs were collected and their usage documented by extensive literature search. Extracts of the chosen herbs were screened with the described assays; with a main focus on traditional formulas (mainly herbal decoctions). Two of the water extracts from Combretum aculeatum and Guiera senegalensis showed significant antimycobacterial activities when compared to the positive control drug (rifampin). These extracts showed no observable toxicity against amoeba host cells (Acanthamoeba castellanii). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that most of the patients do not concomitantly use plants and TB drugs (~90% of informants) but, instead, most are treated with medicinal plants before they are admitted to a hospital (41%). Interestingly, among the aqueous extracts assayed, two extracts (Combretum aculeatum (Combretaceae) and Guiera senegalensis (Combretaceae)) collected within this survey demonstrate antimycobacterial activities on the validated whole-cell based host-pathogen assay. Both extracts showed significant activities against intracellular and extracellular - M. marinum growth presenting IC50 lower than 0.5mg/ml compared to the reference drug Rifampin (IC50 of 0.4 and 7µg/ml). No toxicity was observed for amoebae cells at concentration until 0.8mg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- ElHadji Assane Diop
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 11, Switzerland; Biology Department, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 11, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Kicka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Quai Ansermet 30, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 11, Switzerland
| | - Tahir Diop
- Biology Department, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Thierry Soldati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Quai Ansermet 30, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 11, Switzerland.
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Metabolomics of Hydrazine-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats for Discovering Potential Biomarkers. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:8473161. [PMID: 29849827 PMCID: PMC5914126 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8473161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic pathway disturbances associated with drug-induced liver injury remain unsatisfactorily characterized. Diagnostic biomarkers for hepatotoxicity have been used to minimize drug-induced liver injury and to increase the clinical safety. A metabolomics strategy using rapid-resolution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-MS/MS) analyses and multivariate statistics was implemented to identify potential biomarkers for hydrazine-induced hepatotoxicity. The global serum and urine metabolomics of 30 hydrazine-treated rats at 24 or 48 h postdosing and 24 healthy rats were characterized by a metabolomics approach. Multivariate statistical data analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to identify the most significantly altered metabolites. The 16 most significant potential biomarkers were identified to be closely related to hydrazine-induced liver injury. The combination of these biomarkers had an area under the curve (AUC) > 0.85, with 100% specificity and sensitivity, respectively. This high-quality classification group included amino acids and their derivatives, glutathione metabolites, vitamins, fatty acids, intermediates of pyrimidine metabolism, and lipids. Additionally, metabolomics pathway analyses confirmed that phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis as well as tyrosine metabolism had great interactions with hydrazine-induced liver injury in rats. These discriminating metabolites might be useful in understanding the pathogenesis mechanisms of liver injury and provide good prospects for drug-induced liver injury diagnosis clinically.
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Jaladanki CK, Shaikh A, Bharatam PV. Biotransformation of Isoniazid by Cytochromes P450: Analyzing the Molecular Mechanism using Density Functional Theory. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:2060-2073. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya K. Jaladanki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector -67, S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, 160 062 Punjab, India
| | - Akbar Shaikh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector -67, S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, 160 062 Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector -67, S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, 160 062 Punjab, India
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Maryamabadi A, Hasaninejad A, Nowrouzi N, Mohebbi G. Green synthesis of novel spiro-indenoquinoxaline derivatives and their cholinesterases inhibition activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2057-2064. [PMID: 28279561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis of substituted spiroindenoquinoxalines at mild and green conditions was developed. Multicomponent reaction of substituted phenylene diamines, ninhydrin, malononitrile and N,N'-substituted-2-nitroethene-1,1-diamines produced the target compounds. Twelve new spiroindenoquinoxalines were obtained, and their ability in inhibition of acetyl and butyrylcholinesterases were investigated both in vitro and in silico. All compounds showed moderate level activity against both acetyl and butyrylcholinesterases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Maryamabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | - Alireza Hasaninejad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran.
| | - Najmeh Nowrouzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Mohebbi
- Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Paraskevopoulos G, Monteiro S, Vosátka R, Krátký M, Navrátilová L, Trejtnar F, Stolaříková J, Vinšová J. Novel salicylanilides from 4,5-dihalogenated salicylic acids: Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1524-1532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fernandes GFDS, Salgado HRN, Santos JLD. Isoniazid: A Review of Characteristics, Properties and Analytical Methods. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2017; 47:298-308. [PMID: 28080136 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2017.1281098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Isoniazid is a synthetic antimicrobial and one of the most important first-line drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Since it was introduced in the therapy in 1952, the drug remains at the front line of the antituberculosis treatment mainly due to its potency and high selectivity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pharmaceutical analysis and therapeutic drug monitoring of isoniazid in both, pharmaceuticals and biological samples, plays an important role to comprehend aspects regarding to bioavailability, bioequivalence and therapeutic monitoring during patients following-up. In the last case, validated and simple methods are extremely useful for Public Healthy in order to guarantee the drug efficacy, safety and reduce the tuberculosis resistance. Among the available analytical tools, HPLC-based methods coupled to ultraviolet or mass spectroscopy are the most widely used techniques to quantify isoniazid. Therefore, this review highlights the main analytical methods reported in the literature for determination of isoniazid focusing in HPLC-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Felipe Dos Santos Fernandes
- a Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , Brazil.,b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , Brazil
| | | | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- a Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , Brazil.,b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , Brazil
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Jiménez-Arellanes MA, Gutiérrez-Rebolledo GA, Meckes-Fischer M, León-Díaz R. Medical plant extracts and natural compounds with a hepatoprotective effect against damage caused by antitubercular drugs: A review. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:1141-1149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Choudhary N, Bansal RK, Puri R, Singh RR, Nasa M, Shah V, Sarin H, Guleria M, Saigal S, Saraf N, Sud R, Soin AS. Impact and safety of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration on patients with cirrhosis and pyrexia of unknown origin in India. Endosc Int Open 2016; 4:E953-6. [PMID: 27652300 PMCID: PMC5025304 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Etiologic diagnosis of pyrexia of unknown origin is important in patients with cirrhosis for optimal management and to prevent flare up of infectious disease after liver transplantation. However, there is very limited literature available on this subject. The present study aimed to examine the safety and impact of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS The study was conducted between January 2014 and January 2016 at a tertiary care center. A total of 50 (47 lymph nodes, 3 adrenal) EUS guided FNAs were performed in 46 patients. Data are presented as median (25 - 75 IQR). RESULTS The study included 46 patients (40 males) whose mean age was 47.9 ± 11.1 (SD) years; mean Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score and mean MELD (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease) score were 10 (8 - 11) and 18 (12 - 20), respectively. The Child Pugh class was A in 4, B in 14, and C in 28 (including three patients with adrenal FNAs). Indications for FNA were pyrexia of unknown origin and lymphadenopathy on CT imaging. The cytopathological diagnoses were metastatic disease in 1 (adrenal), granulomatous change in 10 (6 positive with acid fast bacilli stain), histoplasmosis in three (two adrenals, one lymph node), 32 lymph nodes were reactive and four lymph node FNAs showed inadequate cellularity. The pathologic nodes had significantly lower long-to-short axis ratio [1.25 (1.09 - 1.28) versus 1.46 (1.22 - 1.87), P = 0.020]; a higher proportion of hypoechoic echotexture (5 versus 3, P = 0.017), and sharply defined borders (4 versus 2, P = 0.029). Complications included mild hepatic encephalopathy related to sedation in two patients with Child's C status. CONCLUSION EUS guided FNA is safe in patients with cirrhosis and modified the management in 14/46 (30.4 %) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Choudhary
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Rinkesh Kumar Bansal
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Puri
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, Gurgaon, Haryana, India,Corresponding author Rajesh Puri, DNB Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary SciencesMedantaThe MedicitySector 38GurgaonDelhi NCRHaryana 122001India+91-124-4834445
| | - Rajiv Ranjan Singh
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Mukesh Nasa
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Vinit Shah
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Haimanti Sarin
- Medanta, The Medicity – Cytopathology, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Mridula Guleria
- Medanta, The Medicity – Cytopathology, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjiv Saigal
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj Saraf
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Randhir Sud
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Arvinder S. Soin
- Medanta, The Medicity – Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Gutiérrez-Rebolledo GA, Siordia-Reyes AG, Meckes-Fischer M, Jiménez-Arellanes A. Hepatoprotective properties of oleanolic and ursolic acids in antitubercular drug-induced liver damage. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:644-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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40
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Sun Q, Zhang Q, Gu J, Sun WW, Wang P, Bai C, Xiao HP, Sha W. Prevalence, risk factors, management, and treatment outcomes of first-line antituberculous drug-induced liver injury: a prospective cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2016; 25:908-17. [PMID: 26935778 DOI: 10.1002/pds.3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATDILI) is one of the most deleterious side effects associated with chemotherapy against tuberculosis (TB). In this study, our objective was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and management of ATDILI and analyze its impact on the treatment outcome in patients receiving standard anti-TB chemotherapy. METHODS A prospective cohort study of ATDILI prevalence was conducted in 938 enrolled patients of the 1426 TB cases in Shanghai from March 2011 to September 2012. Patients were followed up until February 2014. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of ATDILI. Successful therapeutic outcome, rates of drug resistance conversion, sputum smear/culture conversion, and lung cavity closure were analyzed. RESULTS Hepatitis B surface antigen/hepatitis B e antigen-positive hepatitis B carriers, complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus, albumin ≤ 25 g/L, and chronic alcoholism were independent risk factors for ATDILI. Of the 121 cases with ATDILI (incidence rate of 12.9%), 84 (69.4%) used modified anti-TB therapy after recovery of liver function. Compared with the non-ATDILI group, patients with ATDILI exhibited remarkably decreased lung cavity closure rate (84.6% vs. 93.0%, P < 0.001) along with significantly reduced sputum smear/culture conversion rate (85.4% vs. 94.0%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that 12.9% patients developed ATDILI during standard anti-TB therapy, resulting in poor therapeutic outcome. Hepatitis B carriers with systemic lupus erythematosus, albumin ≤ 25 g/L, and chronic alcoholism manifested increased risks for ATDILI. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Gu
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Wen Sun
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - He-Ping Xiao
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sha
- Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Stine JG, Lewis JH. Current and future directions in the treatment and prevention of drug-induced liver injury: a systematic review. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 10:517-36. [PMID: 26633044 PMCID: PMC5074808 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2016.1127756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
While the pace of discovery of new agents, mechanisms and risk factors involved in drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains brisk, advances in the treatment of acute DILI seems slow by comparison. In general, the key to treating suspected DILI is to stop using the drug prior to developing irreversible liver failure. However, predicting when to stop is an inexact science, and commonly used ALT monitoring is an ineffective strategy outside of clinical trials. The only specific antidote for acute DILI remains N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for acetaminophen poisoning, although NAC is proving to be beneficial in some cases of non-acetaminophen DILI in adults. Corticosteroids can be effective for DILI associated with autoimmune or systemic hypersensitivity features. Ursodeoxycholic acid, silymarin and glycyrrhizin have been used to treat DILI for decades, but success remains anecdotal. Bile acid washout regimens using cholestyramine appear to be more evidenced based, in particular for leflunomide toxicity. For drug-induced acute liver failure, the use of liver support systems is still investigational in the United States and emergency liver transplant remains limited by its availability. Primary prevention appears to be the key to avoiding DILI and the need for acute treatment. Pharmacogenomics, including human leukocyte antigen genotyping and the discovery of specific DILI biomarkers offers significant promise for the future. This article describes and summarizes the numerous and diverse treatment and prevention modalities that are currently available to manage DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G. Stine
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, JPA and Lee Street, MSB 2145, PO Box 800708, Charlottesville VA 22908
| | - James H. Lewis
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007
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Wondwossen Abera, Waqtola Cheneke, Gemeda Abebe. Incidence of antituberculosis-drug-induced hepatotoxicity and associated risk factors among tuberculosis patients in Dawro Zone, South Ethiopia: A cohort study. Int J Mycobacteriol 2015; 5:14-20. [PMID: 26927985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antituberculosis drugs cause hepatotoxicity in some individuals leading to acute liver failure, which results in death. Such phenomena limit the clinical use of drugs, contributing to treatment failure that possibly causes drug resistance. Furthermore, associated risk factors for the development of antituberculosis-drug-induced hepatotoxicity (anti-TB-DIH) are found to be controversial among different study findings. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted from May 2014 to October 2014 in Dawro Zone, Tercha District Hospital Laboratory, South Ethiopia. One hundred and twenty-four new tuberculosis-positive individuals available from Tercha Hospital and five health centers during data collection were consecutively included. The sociodemographic data and anthropometric measurement were obtained. Then, 5mL of venous blood was drawn from each individual, and the alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin were measured photometrically at baseline, and then continuously monitored by measuring these liver enzymes every 2weeks for 2months. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS The incidence of anti-TB-DIH was found to be 8% (10 patients out of 124). Raised serum transaminase and bilirubin level, as well as signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity (nausea, anorexia, vomiting, malaise, and jaundice), were observed in the cases. The onset of hepatotoxicity ranged from 13days to 58days (median, 26days) after treatment was initiated. Of the various risk factors analyzed, only high alcohol intake was associated with the incidence of anti-TB-DIH (odds ratio=9.3, 95% confidence interval 1.8-47, p<.007). Age, gender, extent of tuberculosis disease, and malnutrition were not significantly associated with anti-TB-DIH. CONCLUSION The incidence of anti-TB-DIH in Dawro Zone was high. The drug responsible for the hepatotoxicity was not known. However, chronic high alcohol intake was associated with the development of anti-TB-DIH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waqtola Cheneke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Pathology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Gemeda Abebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Pathology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; Mycobacteriology Research Center, Institute of Biotechnology Research, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
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Paraskevopoulos G, Krátký M, Mandíková J, Trejtnar F, Stolaříková J, Pávek P, Besra G, Vinšová J. Novel derivatives of nitro-substituted salicylic acids: Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7292-301. [PMID: 26526729 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the high antituberculous activity of novel nitro-substituted derivatives and based on promising predicted ADMET properties we have synthesized a series of 33 salicylanilides containing nitro-group in their salicylic part and evaluated them for their in vitro antimycobacterial, antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The presence of nitro-group in position 4 of the salicylic acid was found to be beneficial and the resulting molecules exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2 to 32 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The best activity was found for 2-hydroxy-4-nitro-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide (MIC=2 μM). 4-Nitrosalicylanilides were also found to be active against all Staphylococcus species tested while for MRSA strain 2-hydroxy-4-nitro-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide's MIC was 0.98 μM. None of the nitrosalicylanilides was active against Enterococcus sp. J 14365/08 and no considerable activity was found against Gram-negative bacteria or fungi. The hepatotoxicity of all nitrosalicylanilides was found to be in the range of their MICs for HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Paraskevopoulos
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Krátký
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Mandíková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - František Trejtnar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Stolaříková
- Laboratory for Mycobacterial Diagnostics and Tuberculosis, Regional Institute of Public Health in Ostrava, Partyzánské náměstí 7, 702 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pávek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Gurdyal Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Jarmila Vinšová
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Lewis JM, Sloan DJ. The role of delamanid in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2015; 11:779-91. [PMID: 25999726 PMCID: PMC4437614 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s71076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant cause of death worldwide, and emergence of drug-resistant TB requires lengthy treatments with toxic drugs that are less effective than their first-line equivalents. New treatments are urgently needed. Delamanid, previously OPC-67863, is a novel drug of the dihydro-nitroimidazole class with potent anti-TB activity and great promise to be effective in the treatment of drug-resistant TB. This review examines the preclinical and clinical development of delamanid, reviews current guidance on its use and evaluates the opportunities and challenges for its future role in TB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Lewis
- Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Derek J Sloan
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diagnosis and management of tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging and complex because of the heterogeneity of disease presentations. Despite effective treatment, TB disease can lead to significant short-and long-term health consequences. We review potential acute and chronic complications of TB disease and current management approaches. RECENT FINDINGS Acute and subacute complications of TB disease are attributable to structural damage or vascular compromise caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as metabolic abnormalities and host inflammatory responses. TB-related sepsis is a life-threatening acute complication for which current diagnostic and management approaches are likely inadequate. Therapeutic intensification and usage of immunomodulators are areas of ongoing research. Paradoxical reaction or symptom worsening during TB treatment may benefit from corticosteroids. Despite successful cure of TB, chronic complications can arise from anatomic alterations at disease sites. Examples include mycetomas developing within residual TB cavities, impaired pulmonary function, or focal neurologic deficits from tuberculomas. SUMMARY Effective management of TB requires attention to potential structural, metabolic, vascular, and infectious complications. In some instances, individualizing treatment regimens may be necessary. Imunosuppression and other host factors predispose to complications; others occur despite adequate treatment. Public health TB programs and health systems require additional resources to provide comprehensive TB and post-TB care.
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Guo YX, Xu XF, Zhang QZ, Li C, Deng Y, Jiang P, He LY, Peng WX. The inhibition of hepatic bile acids transporters Ntcp and Bsep is involved in the pathogenesis of isoniazid/rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Mech Methods 2015; 25:382-7. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2015.1033074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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47
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Krátký M, Bősze S, Baranyai Z, Szabó I, Stolaříková J, Paraskevopoulos G, Vinšová J. Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of 2-(phenylcarbamoyl)phenyl 4-substituted benzoates. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:868-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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48
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Hung TH, Lay CJ, Tseng CW, Tsai CC, Tsai CC. The effect of tuberculosis on the mortality of cirrhotic patients: a population-based 3-year follow-up study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2014; 93:e295. [PMID: 25526473 PMCID: PMC4603074 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000000295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is still unknown if TB, like other infectious diseases contributes a poor prognosis in cirrhotic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of TB on the mortality of cirrhotic patients. National Health Insurance Database, derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, was used to identify 434 cirrhotic patients with new diagnosis of TB between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2007. The comparison group consisted of 4340 selected cirrhotic patients without TB in the same period by propensity score matching analysis. The 30-day, 90-day, 1-year and 3-year mortalities were 10.1%, 24.2%, 43.1%, and 63% in the TB group, and 7.9%, 15.5%, 31.2%, and 53.4% in the non-TB group. After Cox proportional hazard regression model adjusted by the patients' gender, age, and comorbid disorders, the hazard ratios (HR) in cirrhotic patients with TB for 30-day, 30 to 90-day, 90-day to 1-year, and 1 to 3-year mortalities were 1.33 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.83], 1.91 (95% CI 1.45-2.51), 1.46 (95% CI 1.16-1.84), and 1.10 (95% CI 0.88-1.37), compared to the non-TB group. In conclusion, TB is a risk factor for the mortality of cirrhotic patients. The effect focused on the 30-day to 1-year after diagnosis of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hsing Hung
- From the Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan (THH, CWT); School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan (THH, CJL, CWT, Chen-Chi Tsai); Division of Infectious diseases, Department of Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan (CJL, Chen-Chi Tsai); Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan (Chih-Chun Tsai)
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Kumar N, Kedarisetty CK, Kumar S, Khillan V, Sarin SK. Antitubercular therapy in patients with cirrhosis: Challenges and options. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:5760-5772. [PMID: 24914337 PMCID: PMC4024786 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i19.5760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) has been a human disease for centuries. Its frequency is increased manyfold in patients with liver cirrhosis. The gold standard of TB management is a 6-mo course of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. Although good results are seen with this treatment in general, the management of patients with underlying cirrhosis is a challenge. The underlying depressed immune response results in alterations in many diagnostic tests. The tests used for latent TB have many flaws in this group of patients. Three of four first-line antitubercular drugs are hepatotoxic and baseline liver function is often disrupted in patients with underlying cirrhosis. Frequency of hepatotoxicity is increased in patients with liver cirrhosis, frequently leading to severe liver failure. There are no established guidelines for the treatment of TB in relation to the severity of liver disease. There is no consensus on the frequency of liver function tests required or the cut-off used to define hepatotoxicity. No specific treatment exists for prevention or treatment of hepatotoxicity, making monitoring even more important. A high risk of multidrug-resistant TB is another major worry due to prolonged and interrupted treatment.
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50
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Ye CG, Sun SL, Bai R, Zhu WX, Chen CP, Xie P, Zhao H, Tu WJ, Gao DY, Liu LM. Differentially expressed microRNAs in plasma of pretreated patients with/without anti-tuberculosis drugs-induced hepatotoxicity. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:415-422. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i3.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate differential expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma of pretreated patients with/without anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH).
METHODS: Plasma samples were collected from patients with/without ATDH before anti-tuberculosis treatment and subjected to miRNA microarray analysis. Twenty-five miRNAs were tested using high-flux real-time quantitative PCR. The target genes of miRNAs were predicted using the Internet software, and the GO functional classification of target proteins was analyzed using the PANTHER tool.
RESULTS: Compared with patients without ATDH, there were 7 miRNAs differentially expressed in patients with ATDH before anti-tuberculosis drug therapy, 4 of which were up-regulated, including miR-4284, miR-3620, miR-652-5p and miR-4800-5p, and 3 down-regulated, including miR-338-3p, miR-424-5p and miR-194-5p.
CONCLUSION: There are differentially expressed miRNAs in the circulation of patients with ATDH before anti-tuberculosis drug therapy, and the up-regulated miRNAs (esp. miR-4284) may be new biological markers for screening ATDH susceptible population.
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