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Soloveva EV, Skleimova MM, Minaycheva LI, Garaeva AF, Zhigalina DI, Churkin EO, Okkel YV, Timofeeva OS, Petrov IA, Seitova GN, Lebedev IN, Stepanov VA. PGT-M for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1: development of a STR panel and a report of two clinical cases. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:1273-1283. [PMID: 38578603 PMCID: PMC11143087 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03105-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To present the developed preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) and the outcomes of IVF with PGT. METHODS PGT was performed for two unrelated couples from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with the risk of SCA1 in one spouse. We have developed a system for PGT of a monogenic disease (PGT-M) for SCA1, which includes the analysis of a panel of 11 polymorphic STR markers linked to the ATXN1 gene and a pathogenic variant of the ATXN1 gene using nested PCR and fragment analysis. IVF/ICSI programs were performed according to standard protocols. Multiple displacement amplification (MDA) was used for whole genome amplification (WGA) and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) for aneuploidy testing (PGT-A). RESULTS Eight STRs were informative for the first couple and ten for the second. Similarity of the haplotypes carrying pathogenic variants of the ATXN1 gene was noted. In the first case, during IVF/ICSI-PGT, three embryos reached the blastocyst stage and were biopsied. One embryo was diagnosed as normal by maternal STR haplotype and the ATXN1 allele. PGT-A revealed euploidy. The embryo transfer resulted in a singleton pregnancy, and a healthy boy was born. Postnatal diagnosis confirmed normal ATXN1. In the second case, two blastocysts were biopsied. Both were diagnosed as normal by PGT-M, but PGT-A revealed aneuploidy. CONCLUSION Birth of a healthy child after PGT for SCA1 was the first case of successful preimplantation prevention of SCA1 for the Yakut couple and the first case of successful PGT for SCA1 in Russia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Soloveva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Maria M Skleimova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larisa I Minaycheva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna F Garaeva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Daria I Zhigalina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Egor O Churkin
- ART Center of the Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yulia V Okkel
- ART Center of the Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Oksana S Timofeeva
- ART Center of the Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ilya A Petrov
- ART Center of the Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Gulnara N Seitova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Igor N Lebedev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vadim A Stepanov
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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Zou W, Li M, Wang X, Lu H, Hao Y, Chen D, Zhu S, Ji D, Zhang Z, Zhou P, Cao Y. Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) offers an alternative strategy to prevent children from being born with hereditary neurological diseases or metabolic diseases dominated by nervous system phenotypes: a retrospective study. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:1245-1259. [PMID: 38470552 PMCID: PMC11143151 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) is now widely used as an effective strategy to prevent various monogenic or chromosomal diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective study, couples with a family history of hereditary neurological diseases or metabolic diseases dominated by nervous system phenotypes and/or carrying the pathogenic genes underwent PGT-M to prevent children from inheriting disease-causing gene mutations from their parents and developing known genetic diseases. After PGT-M, unaffected (i.e., normal) embryos after genetic detection were transferred into the uterus of their corresponding mothers. RESULTS A total of 43 carrier couples with the following hereditary neurological diseases or metabolic diseases dominated by nervous system phenotypes underwent PGT-M: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (13 families); methylmalonic acidemia (7 families); spinal muscular atrophy (5 families); infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy and intellectual developmental disorder (3 families each); Cockayne syndrome (2 families); Menkes disease, spinocerebellar ataxia, glycine encephalopathy with epilepsy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, mucopolysaccharidosis, Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, adrenoleukodystrophy, phenylketonuria, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Dravet syndrome (1 family each). After 53 PGT-M cycles, the final transferable embryo rate was 12.45%, the clinical pregnancy rate was 74.19%, and the live birth rate was 89.47%; a total of 18 unaffected (i.e., healthy) children were born to these families. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of PGT-M in preventing children born with hereditary neurological diseases or metabolic diseases dominated by nervous system phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Min Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hedong Lu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Education, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Education, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shasha Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Education, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Ji
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Education, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Disorders and Obstetrics and Gynaecology Diseases, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Ministry of Education, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Disorders and Obstetrics and Gynaecology Diseases, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Paul RA, Baldwin A, Johnson K, Manning Peskin S, Tropea TF, Azage M, Bardakjian T, Dratch L. Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Adult-Onset Neurodegenerative Disease: Considerations for Access, Utilization, and Counseling. Neurology 2023; 101:836-841. [PMID: 37596038 PMCID: PMC10663009 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions (PGT-M), formerly called preimplantation genetic diagnosis, is a specialized assisted reproduction technique that aims to reduce the risk of a pregnancy inheriting a monogenic condition. Despite calls to increase awareness and prepare neurologists for discussing PGT-M with patients and their families, no guidelines currently exist. When introducing PGT-M to those who may be interested in using it, there are major factors for discussion, including (1) genetic considerations (e.g., requirement for a confirmed genetic diagnosis; timing of genetic test results); (2) practical considerations (e.g., access to PGT-M and genetic services); (3) technical considerations (e.g., factors that can affect the success rate of PGT-M); and (4) psychosocial and ethical considerations (e.g., predictive testing for asymptomatic family members; family dynamics and values). Here, our team of neurologists and specialized genetic counselors discusses the current state of genetic characterization in adult-onset neurodegenerative conditions and highlights the major factors that should be considered when discussing PGT-M with families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Paul
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA.
| | - Aaron Baldwin
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA
| | - Kelsey Johnson
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA
| | - Sara Manning Peskin
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA
| | - Thomas F Tropea
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA
| | - Meron Azage
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA
| | - Tanya Bardakjian
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA
| | - Laynie Dratch
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.P., A.B., K.J., S.M.P., T.F.T., M.A., L.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Sarepta Therapeutics (T.B.), Cambridge, MA
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Decisional needs of patients considering preimplantation genetic testing: a systematic review. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 44:839-852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kilbride MK. In vitro fertilisation with preimplantation genetic testing: the need for expanded insurance coverage. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2020; 47:medethics-2019-105879. [PMID: 32817410 PMCID: PMC7892638 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2019-105879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Technological advances in genetic testing have enabled prospective parents to learn about their risk of passing a genetic condition to their future children. One option for those who want to ensure that their biological children do not inherit a genetic condition is to create embryos through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and use a technique called preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) to screen embryos for genetic abnormalities before implantation. Unfortunately, due to its high cost, IVF-with-PGT is out of reach for the vast majority of Americans. This article addresses an issue that has been underexplored in the medical ethics literature: the lack of insurance coverage for IVF-with-PGT.Within the US system, a key concept in insurance is that of medically necessary care, which broadly consists of diagnostic services and treatment services. In this article, I argue that IVF-with-PGT could be classified as either a diagnostic service or as a treatment service. To make this case, I show that IVF-with-PGT is similar to other types of services that are often covered by US insurance providers. In light of these similarities, I argue that the current system is inconsistent with respect to what is-and is not-covered by insurance. To promote consistency and fairness in coverage, like cases should be treated alike-starting with greater coverage for IVF-with-PGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison K Kilbride
- Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Cahn S, Rosen A, Wilmot G. Spinocerebellar Ataxia Patient Perceptions Regarding Reproductive Options. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2019; 7:37-44. [PMID: 31970210 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing is a growing reproductive option for people who want to avoid passing a single-gene condition on to their offspring. The spinocerebellar ataxias are a group of rare, autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorders which are strong candidates for the use of this technology. Objectives This study aimed to assess knowledge of genetic risk and perceptions of reproductive options in individuals with a diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia. Methods We administered an online survey to U.S. residents of reproductive age who have been clinically or genetically diagnosed with spinocerebellar ataxia. We assessed their understanding of inheritance and their reproductive opinions. Results Of 94 participants, 70.2% answered all four inheritance questions correctly. The majority felt they could describe each reproductive option except prenatal diagnosis. Individuals were most interested in in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing: 48.4% (45 of 93) said they would consider it. They were least interested in prenatal diagnosis and donated embryos or gametes. Having spinocerebellar ataxia with anticipation and choosing inheritance risk as an important factor were both significantly associated with interest in preimplantation genetic testing. Choosing religion/morality as an important factor was associated with less interest in preimplantation genetic testing and prenatal diagnosis. Conclusions Our population displayed basic knowledge of inheritance risk, and the majority wanted to avoid having affected children. Consistent with literature for other autosomal-dominant adult-onset conditions, individuals showed a preference for preimplantation genetic testing. Health care providers should continue to educate patients about reproductive options and their risks and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Cahn
- Cancer Genetics Program, Northside Hospital Cancer Institute Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Ami Rosen
- Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA.,Department of Neurology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - George Wilmot
- Department of Neurology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA
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Genetic analysis and preimplantation genetic diagnosis of Chinese Marfan syndrome patients. J Genet Genomics 2019; 46:319-323. [PMID: 31279624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Ibrahim AH, Rahman NNA, Saifuddeen SM, Baharuddin M. Tri-parent Baby Technology and Preservation of Lineage: An Analysis from the Perspective of Maqasid al-Shari'ah Based Islamic Bioethics. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2019; 25:129-142. [PMID: 29071572 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-017-9980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tri-parent baby technology is an assisted reproductive treatment which aims to minimize or eliminate maternal inheritance of mutated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The technology became popular following the move by the United Kingdom in granting license to a group of researchers from the Newcastle Fertility Centre, Newcastle University to conduct research on the symptoms of defective mtDNA. This technology differs from other assisted reproductive technology because it involves the use of gamete components retrieved from three different individuals. Indirectly, it affects the preservation of lineage which is important from an Islamic point of view. This paper aims to analyze and discuss the implications of the tri-parent technology on preservation of lineage from the perspective of Maqasid al-Shari'ah based the Islamic bioethics. The analysis shows that there are a few violations of the preservation of lineage, hence the tri-parent baby technology should not be permitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Halim Ibrahim
- Programme of Applied Science with Islamic Studies, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman
- Department of Fiqh and Usul, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shaikh Mohd Saifuddeen
- Programme of Applied Science with Islamic Studies, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Science and Environment Studies, Institute of Islamic Understanding Malaysia, 2 Langgak Tunku Off Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim, 50480, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Madiha Baharuddin
- Programme of Applied Science with Islamic Studies, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Vishwakarma P, Muthuswamy S, Agarwal S. Current molecular insight to reveal the dynamics of CAG repeating units in spinocerebellar ataxia. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2018; 7:79-86. [PMID: 29862148 PMCID: PMC5982628 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2018.01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a heterogeneous genetic disorder with overlapping clinical phenotypes arising from the degeneration of purkinje cells and other regions of the brain. There are approximately 36 different subtypes of SCA, but SCA 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 are most prevalent in the Indian population. Many findings suggested that cerebellar Purkinje cells region may be a uniquely vulnerable neuronal cell type, and more susceptible to a wider variety of genetic or cellular problems than other neuron types. In this review we emphasized mainly five common subtypes of SCA (1, 2, 3, 6 and 7) their pathophysiology, therapeutics, drugs studies and the technical challenges in the field of molecular genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Vishwakarma
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Srinivasan Muthuswamy
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
- Address correspondence to:Dr. Sarita Agarwal, Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India. E-mail:
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Jiang Z, Wang Y, Lin J, Xu J, Ding G, Huang H. Genetic and epigenetic risks of assisted reproduction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2017; 44:90-104. [PMID: 28844405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is used primarily for infertility treatments to achieve pregnancy and involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation. Moreover, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of ART is used in couples for genetic reasons. In ART treatments, gametes and zygotes are exposed to a series of non-physiological processes and culture media. Although the majority of children born with this treatment are healthy, some concerns remain regarding the safety of this technology. Animal studies and follow-up studies of ART-borne children suggested that ART was associated with an increased incidence of genetic, physical, or developmental abnormalities, although there are also observations that contradict these findings. As IVF, ICSI, frozen-thawed embryo transfer, and PGD manipulate gametes and embryo at a time that is important for reprogramming, they may affect epigenetic stability, leading to gamete/embryo origins of adult diseases. In fact, ART offspring have been reported to have an increased risk of gamete/embryo origins of adult diseases, such as early-onset diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and so on. In this review, we will discuss evidence related to genetic, especially epigenetic, risks of assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziru Jiang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinyu Wang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lin
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guolian Ding
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Braga Neto P, Pedroso JL, Kuo SH, Marcondes Junior CF, Teive HAG, Barsottini OGP. Current concepts in the treatment of hereditary ataxias. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2017; 74:244-52. [PMID: 27050855 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20160038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary ataxias (HA) represents an extensive group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive ataxia combined with extra-cerebellar and multi-systemic involvements, including peripheral neuropathy, pyramidal signs, movement disorders, seizures, and cognitive dysfunction. There is no effective treatment for HA, and management remains supportive and symptomatic. In this review, we will focus on the symptomatic treatment of the main autosomal recessive ataxias, autosomal dominant ataxias, X-linked cerebellar ataxias and mitochondrial ataxias. We describe management for different clinical symptoms, mechanism-based approaches, rehabilitation therapy, disease modifying therapy, future clinical trials and perspectives, genetic counseling and preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Braga Neto
- Center of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Departmento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Nance MA. Genetic counseling and testing for Huntington's disease: A historical review. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2017; 174:75-92. [PMID: 27174011 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the ways in which genetic counseling has evolved since John Pearson and Sheldon Reed first promoted "a genetic education" in the 1950s as a voluntary, non-directive clinical tool for permitting individual decision making. It reviews how the emergence of Huntington's disease (HD) registries and patient support organizations, genetic testing, and the discovery of a disease-causing CAG repeat expansion changed the contours of genetic counseling for families with HD. It also reviews the guidelines, outcomes, ethical and laboratory challenges, and uptake of predictive, prenatal, and preimplantation testing, and it casts a vision for how clinicians can better make use of genetic counseling to reach a broader pool of families that may be affected by HD and to ensure that genetic counseling is associated with the best levels of care. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha A Nance
- Struthers Parkinson's Center, Golden Valley, Minnesota.,Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Trachoo O, Satirapod C, Panthan B, Sukprasert M, Charoenyingwattana A, Chantratita W, Choktanasiri W, Hongeng S. First successful trial of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 34:109-116. [PMID: 27815806 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to present a case of a healthy infant born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection-in vitro fertilization (ICSI-IVF) with a preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) due to PANK2 mutation. METHODS ICSI-IVF was performed on a Thai couple, 34-year-old female and 33-year-old male, with a family history of PKAN in their first child. Following fertilization, each of the embryos were biopsied in the cleavage stage and subsequently processed for whole-genome amplification. Genetic status of the embryos was diagnosed by linkage analysis and direct mutation testing using primer extension-based mini-sequencing. Comprehensive chromosomal aneuploidy screening was performed using a next-generation sequencing-based strategy. RESULTS Only a single cycle of ICSI-IVF was processed. There were seven embryos from this couple-two were likely affected, three were likely carriers, one was likely unaffected, and one failed in target genome amplification. Aneuploidy screening was performed before making a decision on embryo transfer, and only one unaffected embryo passed the screening. That embryo was transferred in a frozen thawed cycle, and the pregnancy was successful. The diagnosis was confirmed by amniocentesis, which presented with a result consistent with PGD. At 38 weeks of gestational age, a healthy male baby was born. Postnatal genetic confirmation was also consistent with PGD and the prenatal results. At the age of 24 months, the baby presented with normal growth and development lacking any neurological symptoms. CONCLUSIONS We report the first successful trial of PGD for PKAN in a developing country using linkage analysis and mini-sequencing in cleavage stage embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Objoon Trachoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama 6 Road Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
- Graduate Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Chonthicha Satirapod
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Bhakbhoom Panthan
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Matchuporn Sukprasert
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Angkana Charoenyingwattana
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Wasun Chantratita
- Center for Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Choktanasiri
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Peng X, Xing P, Li X, Qian Y, Song F, Bai Z, Han G, Lei H. Towards Personalized Intervention for Alzheimer's Disease. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2016; 14:289-297. [PMID: 27693548 PMCID: PMC5093853 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains to be a grand challenge for the international community despite over a century of exploration. A key factor likely accounting for such a situation is the vast heterogeneity in the disease etiology, which involves very complex and divergent pathways. Therefore, intervention strategies shall be tailored for subgroups of AD patients. Both demographic and in-depth information is needed for patient stratification. The demographic information includes primarily APOE genotype, age, gender, education, environmental exposure, life style, and medical history, whereas in-depth information stems from genome sequencing, brain imaging, peripheral biomarkers, and even functional assays on neurons derived from patient-specific induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs). Comprehensive information collection, better understanding of the disease mechanisms, and diversified strategies of drug development would help with more effective intervention in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Cunji Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peiqi Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Cunji Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiuhui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Cunji Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Cunji Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fuhai Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Cunji Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhouxian Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Cunji Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangchun Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongxing Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Cunji Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100053, China.
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Clinical applications of MARSALA for preimplantation genetic diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy. J Genet Genomics 2016; 43:541-547. [PMID: 27599922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Conventional PCR methods combined with linkage analysis based on short tandem repeats (STRs) or Karyomapping with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, have been applied to preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), an autosome recessive disorder. However, it has limitations in SMA diagnosis by Karyomapping, and these methods are unable to distinguish wild-type embryos with carriers effectively. Mutated allele revealed by sequencing with aneuploidy and linkage analyses (MARSALA) is a new method allowing embryo selection by a one-step next-generation sequencing (NGS) procedure, which has been applied in PGD for both autosome dominant and X-linked diseases in our group previously. In this study, we carried out PGD based on MARSALA for two carrier families with SMA affected children. As a result, one of the couples has given birth to a healthy baby free of mutations in SMA-causing gene. It is the first time that MARSALA was applied to PGD for SMA, and we can distinguish the embryos with heterozygous deletion (carriers) from the wild-type (normal) ones accurately through this NGS-based method. In addition, direct mutation detection allows us to identify the affected embryos (homozygous deletion), which can be regarded as probands for linkage analysis, in case that the affected family member is absent. In the future, the NGS-based MARSALA method is expected to be used in PGD for all monogenetic disorders with known pathogenic gene mutation.
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Tur-Kaspa I, Jeelani R. Clinical guidelines for IVF with PGD for HLA matching. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 30:115-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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