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Hong Y, Liu N, Zhou R, Zhao X, Han Y, Xia F, Cheng J, Duan M, Qian Q, Wang X, Cai W, Zreiqat H, Feng D, Xu J, Cui D. Combination Therapy Using Kartogenin-Based Chondrogenesis and Complex Polymer Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6276-6284. [PMID: 33449656 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage has a highly organized structure, responsible for supporting tremendous mechanical loads. How to repair defected articular cartilage has become a great challenge as the avascular nature of cartilage limits its regenerative ability. Aiming to facilitate chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage regeneration, we recently explored a novel combination therapy using soluble poly-l-lysine/Kartogenin (L-K) nanoparticles and a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA/methacrylated hyaluronic acid (PLHA) complex scaffold. The potential use for joint cartilage reconstruction was investigated through L-K nanoparticles stimulating adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on PLHA scaffolding, which ultimately differentiated into cartilage in vivo. In this study, on one hand, an effective method was established for obtaining uniform L-K nanoparticles by self-assembly. They were further proved to be biocompatible to ADSCs via cytotoxicity assays in vitro and to accelerate ADSCs secreting type 2 collagen in a dose-dependent manner by immunofluorescence. On the other hand, the porous PLHA scaffold was manufactured by the combination of coprecipitation and ultraviolet (UV) cross-linking. Nanoindentation technology-verified PLHA had an appropriate stiffness close to actual cartilage tissue. Additional microscopic observation confirmed that the PLHA platform supported proliferation and chondrogenesis for ADSCs in vitro. In the presence of ADSCs, a 12-week osteochondral defect regeneration by the combination therapy showed that smooth and intact cartilage tissue successfully regenerated. Furthermore, the results of combination therapy were superior to those of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) only, KGN, or KGN/PLHA treatment. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological assessment indicated that the renascent tissue gradually regenerated while the PLHA scaffold degraded. In conclusion, we have developed a novel multidimensional combination therapy of cartilage defect repair that facilitated cartilage regeneration. This strategy has a great clinical translational potential for articular cartilage repair in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Hong
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Naval Military University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Naval Military University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univesity, 160 Pujian Road, Sahnghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Yaguang Han
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Naval Military University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Xia
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Meng Duan
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Qirong Qian
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Naval Military University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P. R. China
| | - Xiuying Wang
- School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Weidong Cai
- School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- Murray Maxwell Biomechanics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Dagan Feng
- School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jianrong Xu
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univesity, 160 Pujian Road, Sahnghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Xia C, Mei S, Gu C, Zheng L, Fang C, Shi Y, Wu K, Lu T, Jin Y, Lin X, Chen P. Decellularized cartilage as a prospective scaffold for cartilage repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 101:588-595. [PMID: 31029352 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage lacks self-healing capacity, and there is no effective therapy facilitating cartilage repair. Osteoarthritis (OA) due to cartilage defects represents large and increasing healthcare burdens worldwide. Nowadays, the generation of scaffolds to preserve bioactive factors and the biophysical environment has received increasing attention. Furthermore, improved decellularization technology has provided novel insights into OA treatment. This review provides a comparative account of different cartilage defect therapies. Furthermore, some recent effective decellularization protocols have been discussed. In particular, this review focuses on the decellularization ratio of each protocol. Moreover, these protocols were compared particularly on the basis of immunogenicity and mechanical functionality. Further, various recellularization methods have been enlisted and the reparative capacity of decellularized cartilage scaffolds is evaluated herein. The advantages and limitations of different recellularization processes have been described herein. This provides a basis for the generation of decellularized cartilage scaffolds, thereby potentially promoting the possibility of decellularization as a clinical therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Mei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenhui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, 5th Affiliated Hospital, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Chen Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiling Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kaiwei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tongtong Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongming Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xianfeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
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Cong R, Tao K, Fu P, Lou L, Zhu Y, Chen S, Cai X, Mao L. MicroRNA‑218 promotes prostaglandin E2 to inhibit osteogenic differentiation in synovial mesenchymal stem cells by targeting 15‑hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)]. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9347-9354. [PMID: 29039590 PMCID: PMC5779987 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The chondrogenic differentiation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) is regulated by essential transcription factors and signaling cascades. However, the precise mechanisms involved in this process remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) are undersized non-coding RNAs responsible for the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, by binding to the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTRs) of their target mRNAs. miRNAs may constitute a promising tool to regulate SMSC differentiation and to advance the controlled differentiation of SMSCs in therapeutic applications. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of miR-218 in SMSC differentiation towards chondrocytes. The present study comparatively analyzed the expression profile of known miRNAs and specific target genes in SMSCs between early and late differentiation stages. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of gene expression demonstrated the upregulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] (15-HPGD), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and rate limiting enzymes responsible for the synthesis of PGE2 precursors throughout chondrogenesis. Through correlation analysis, it was observed that there was a significant association between miR-128, 15-HPGD gene expression, 15-HPGD protein expression and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1. Further experiments demonstrated that miR-218 decreased PGE2 concentration by binding to the 3′-UTR of 15-HPGD. Using an immunofluorescence reporting system, it was observed that miR-218 regulated the expression of 15-HPGD during the differentiation of SMSCs into cartilage, and subsequently inhibited osteogenesis during chondrogenesis by acting on the 3′UTR of 15-HPGD. Therefore, miR-218 may be an important regulator targeting osteogenic factors and modulating cartilage formation and differentiation. The results of the present study provided a novel insight beneficial to cellular manipulation methods during cartilage regeneration, and in cartilage tissue engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Cong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Kun Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Peiliang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzhen Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Lieming Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yuchang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Lingzhou Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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Decker RS, Koyama E, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Maye P, Rowe D, Zhu S, Schultz PG, Pacifici M. Mouse limb skeletal growth and synovial joint development are coordinately enhanced by Kartogenin. Dev Biol 2014; 395:255-67. [PMID: 25238962 PMCID: PMC4253021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Limb development requires the coordinated growth of several tissues and structures including long bones, joints and tendons, but the underlying mechanisms are not wholly clear. Recently, we identified a small drug-like molecule - we named Kartogenin (KGN) - that greatly stimulates chondrogenesis in marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and enhances cartilage repair in mouse osteoarthritis (OA) models. To determine whether limb developmental processes are regulated by KGN, we tested its activity on committed preskeletal mesenchymal cells from mouse embryo limb buds and whole limb explants. KGN did stimulate cartilage nodule formation and more strikingly, boosted digit cartilaginous anlaga elongation, synovial joint formation and interzone compaction, tendon maturation as monitored by ScxGFP, and interdigit invagination. To identify mechanisms, we carried out gene expression analyses and found that several genes, including those encoding key signaling proteins, were up-regulated by KGN. Amongst highly up-regulated genes were those encoding hedgehog and TGFβ superfamily members, particularly TFGβ1. The former response was verified by increases in Gli1-LacZ activity and Gli1 mRNA expression. Exogenous TGFβ1 stimulated cartilage nodule formation to levels similar to KGN, and KGN and TGFβ1 both greatly enhanced expression of lubricin/Prg4 in articular superficial zone cells. KGN also strongly increased the cellular levels of phospho-Smads that mediate canonical TGFβ and BMP signaling. Thus, limb development is potently and harmoniously stimulated by KGN. The growth effects of KGN appear to result from its ability to boost several key signaling pathways and in particular TGFβ signaling, working in addition to and/or in concert with the filamin A/CBFβ/RUNX1 pathway we identified previously to orchestrate overall limb development. KGN may thus represent a very powerful tool not only for OA therapy, but also limb regeneration and tissue repair strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah S Decker
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children׳s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children׳s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children׳s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter Maye
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center School of, Dental Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - David Rowe
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center School of, Dental Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Shoutian Zhu
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peter G Schultz
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Maurizio Pacifici
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children׳s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Abstract
Biological therapy is a thriving area of research and development, and is well established for chronic forms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, there is no clinically validated biological therapy for osteoarthritis (OA). Chronic forms of OA are increasingly viewed as an inflammatory disease. OA was largely regarded as a “wear and tear disease”. However, the disease is now believed to involve “low grade” inflammation and the growth of blood vessels and nerves from the subchondral bone into articular cartilage. This realization has focused research effort on the development and evaluation of biological therapy that targets proinflammatory mediators, angiogenic factors and cytokines in articular cartilage, subchondral bone and synovium in chronic forms of OA. This review article provides an overview of emerging biological therapy for OA, and discusses recent molecular targets implicated in angiogenesis and neurogenesis and progress with antibody-based therapy, calcitonin, and kartogenin, the small molecule stimulator of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mobasheri
- D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,
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