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Yuan Y, Wang Y, Zhang N, Mao X, Huang Y, Huang J, Ji N. Influence of American Society of Anesthesiologists Score on Oncologic Outcomes in Patients With Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma After Radical Nephroureterectomy: A Large-Sample Study in Two Institutions. Front Oncol 2021; 11:723669. [PMID: 34671552 PMCID: PMC8521060 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.723669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As a research team of urologists and an anesthetist, we sought to investigate the prognostic significance of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score in patients with upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). ASA physical status (ASA-PS) classification not only was found to be associated with increased comorbidities but also independently factors for predicting morbidity and mortality. Accurate risk assessment was being particularly important for patients being considered for surgery. Methods Records for 958 patients with UTUC who underwent RNU were reviewed. Clinicopathologic variables, including ASA-PS, were assessed at two institutions. Overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), intravesical recurrence-free survival (IRFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analyses. We measured the independent predictive value of ASA-PS for mortality by multivariate regression. Association of ASA-PS and clinicopathologic variables was assessed. Results The group of patients with ASA = 2/3 had a shorter 5-year OS (67.6% and 49.9%), CSS (72.9% and 58.1%), and MFS (75.1% and 58.5%). The median follow-up time was 39 months. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the group with ASA = 2/3 had significantly poorer OS, CSS, and MFS. Adjusting for multiple potential confounding factors, multivariate analyses suggested that ASA score was an independent predictor of OS, CSS, and MFS (p = 0.004, p = 0.005, p < 0.001). Conclusion Higher ASA scores were independently associated with lower survival rate. This capability, along with its simplicity, makes it a valuable prognostic metric. It should be seriously referenced in UTUC patients being considered for RNU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichu Yuan
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiu Wang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiawa Mao
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiran Huang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwei Huang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Song W, Jeong JY, Jeon HG, Seo SI, Jeon SS, Choi HY, Lee HM, Sung HH. Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on oncologic outcomes following radical nephroureterectomy for patients with pT3NanyM0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2019; 66:12-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Kang HW, Seo SP, Kim WT, Kim YJ, Yun SJ, Lee SC, Choi YD, Ha YS, Kim TH, Kwon TG, Byun SS, Jeh SU, Kim WJ. Impact of the ASA Physical Status Score on Adjuvant Chemotherapy Eligibility and Survival of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients: a Multicenter Study. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:335-342. [PMID: 28049247 PMCID: PMC5220002 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.2.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present multi-institutional study was to assess the influence of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) classification on adjuvant chemotherapy eligibility and survival in a multi-institutional cohort of patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). We retrospectively reviewed data from 416 patients who underwent RNU for UTUC at four Korean institutions between 2001 and 2013. The ASA-PS classification was obtained from the anesthesia chart. Locally advanced UTUC was defined as ≥ pT3 and/or pN1 disease. The influence of ASA-PS score on survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analyses and a multivariate Cox regression model. Patients with a higher ASA-PS class were less likely to be eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced UTUC (P = 0.016). Kaplan-Meier estimates showed that the high-risk ASA-PS group has a poorer overallsurvival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared to low risk ASA-PS groups in both the total and locally advanced UTUC cohorts. Based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, the high-risk ASA-PS category was an independent predictor for overall mortality (OM) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.919; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.017-3.619; P = 0.044) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) (HR, 2.120; 95% CI, 1.023-4.394; P = 0.043). In conclusion, high-risk ASA-PS score was independently associated with a lower survival rate in patients with UTUC after RNU. However, the influence of ASA-PS classification on survival was limited to locally advanced UTUC. The lower eligibility of patients in the high-risk ASA category for adjuvant chemotherapy may contribute to the lower survival rate in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Sok Ha
- Departments of Urology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Kim
- Departments of Urology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Departments of Urology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seok Soo Byun
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seong Uk Jeh
- Department of Urology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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Song W, Sung HH, Han DH, Jeong BC, Seo SI, Jeon SS, Lee HM, Choi HY, Jeon HG. The effect of contralateral kidney volume on renal function after radical nephroureterectomy: Implications for eligibility for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial cancer. Urol Oncol 2016; 35:114.e1-114.e7. [PMID: 27908680 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the effect of preoperative contralateral kidney (CK) volume on renal function after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). METHODS We reviewed 630 patients who underwent RNU between September 1994 and December 2013. Of these 630 patients, 135 patients with advanced upper tract urothelial cancer were ultimately included. Preoperative CK volume was measured from computed tomography images of the venous phase using a specialized volumetric program. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations and checked preoperatively, 7 days, 1, 3, and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS The mean age at surgery was 62.1 (10.1) years and the mean CKD-EPI GFR was 73.8 (75.5) ml/min/1.73m2. After RNU, new-onset CKD was identified in 69 (51.1%) patients. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, high body mass index (95% CI: 1.08-1.51, P = 0.005), low preoperative CKD-EPI GFR (95% CI: 0.92-0.98, P = 0.037), and low CK volume (95% CI: 0.96-0.99, P<0.001) were associated with new-onset CKD at 1 month after RNU. There was a positive correlation between CK volume and CKD-EPI GFR at 1 month after RNU (Spearman ρ = 0.495, P<0.001). When stratified according to CK volume, CK volume less than 150ml was significantly associated with new-onset CKD after RNU (95% CI: 2.49-26.29, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High body mass index, low preoperative CKD-EPI GFR, and low CK volume are significantly associated with new-onset CKD. Therefore, they could be used to identify patients eligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in upper tract urothelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Song
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Hwan Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Hyun Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Chang Jeong
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Il Seo
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo Jeon
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Moo Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Yong Choi
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang Gyun Jeon
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Chen CH, Tsai YS, Tzai TS. Significance of HER2 expression in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A meta-analysis. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Luo HL, Sung MT, Tsai EM, Lin CS, Lee NL, Chung YH, Chiang PH. Expression of Estrogen Receptor Beta Predicts Oncologic Outcome of pT3 Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Better Than Aggressive Pathological Features. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24263. [PMID: 27052470 PMCID: PMC4823660 DOI: 10.1038/srep24263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UT-UC) is rare and treatment options or prognostic markers are limited. There is increasing evidence indicating that urothelial carcinoma may be an endocrine-related cancer. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic effect of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) on the outcome of UT-UC. From 2005 to 2012, this study included 105 patients with pT3 UT-UC. Perioperative factors, pathological features, and ERβ immunostaining were reviewed and prognostic effects were examined by multivariate analysis. This study divided patients into either the ERβ-high (n = 52) or ERβ-low (n = 53) group and analyzed their oncologic outcomes. All pathological features except infiltrating tumor architecture (significantly higher incidence in ERβ-low group, p = 0.004) are symmetric in both groups. Low ERβ expression was significantly correlated with local recurrence and distant metastasis in univariate analysis (p = 0.035 and 0.004, respectively) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.05 and 0.008, respectively). Cell line study also proved that knock down of ERβ cause less UTUC proliferation and migration. In addition, ERβ agonist also enhanced the cytotoxic and migration inhibition effect of cisplatin and ERβ antagonist cause the UTUC cell more resistant to cisplatin. This result may help identify patients in need of adjuvant therapy or develop potential targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lun Luo
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming Tse Sung
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Eing Mei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Research Resources and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chang Shen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nai Lun Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hua Chung
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po Hui Chiang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
Platinum resistance has long been a major issue in the treatment of various cancers. We previously reported that enhanced annexin A4 (ANXA4) expression, a Ca2+-regulated phospholipid-binding protein, induces chemoresistance to platinum-based drugs. In this study, we investigated the role of annexin repeats, a conserved structure of all the annexin family, responsible for platinum-resistance as well as the effect of knockdown of ANXA4. ANXA4 knockdown increased sensitivity to platinum-based drugs both in vitro and in vivo. To identify the domain responsible for chemoresistance, ANXA4 deletion mutants were constructed by deleting annexin repeats one by one from the C terminus. Platinum resistance was induced both in vitro and in vivo in cells expressing either full-length ANXA4 or the deletion mutants, containing at least one intact annexin repeat. However, cells expressing the mutant without any calcium-binding sites in the annexin repeated sequence, which is essential for ANXA4 translocation from the cytosol to plasma membrane, failed to acquire platinum resistance. After cisplatin treatment, the intracellular chloride ion concentration, whose channel is partly regulated by ANXA4, significantly increased in the platinum-resistant cells. These findings indicate that the calcium-binding site in the annexin repeat induces chemoresistance to the platinum-based drug by elevating the intracellular chloride concentration.
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Yoneyama T, Imai A, Hatakeyama S, Hashimoto Y, Koie T, Ohyama C. Sequential chemotherapy using gemcitabine + carboplatin followed by gemcitabine + carboplatin + docetaxel for advanced upper-tract urothelial cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2015; 20:1179-84. [PMID: 26007690 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-015-0846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness and adverse events (AEs) of a sequential chemotherapy regimen using gemcitabine + carboplatin (GCarbo) followed by GCarbo + docetaxel (GCarboD) for advanced upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). METHODS We treated 56 patients with advanced UTUC. Mean patient age was 68.9 years, creatinine clearance was 51.2 mL/min, and the observation period was 20 months. Patients received two courses of GCarbo comprising 800 mg/m(2) gemcitabine on days 1, 8, and 15, and carboplatin at an area under the curve of four on day 2. If this regimen was effective, we administered two more courses of GCarbo; if the regimen was ineffective, we switched to two courses of GCarboD (70 mg/m(2)). RESULTS Complete (n = 3) and partial response (PR; n = 25) were achieved after GCarbo. Mean response duration was 9.7 months. Two of 17 cases achieved PR after GCarboD treatment (mean duration, 31.5 months). Median survival was 14.0 months with the GCarbo/GCarboD regimen. Responders to GCarbo therapy survived significantly longer. AEs with the GCarbo regimen included 31 instances of G3/4 blood toxicity and 8 instances of G3/4 urticaria; however, there were only 6 instances of G3/4 gastrointestinal complications. AEs with the GCarboD regimen included 16 instances of blood toxicity and 8 instances of gastrointestinal complications. Neither regimen resulted in G3/4 renal toxicity. CONCLUSIONS GCarbo and GCarboD chemotherapy may be administered safely to patients with advanced UTUC, with or without renal dysfunction. Response to GCarbo was high (50.0 %) whereas GCarboD was of limited effectiveness for non-responders to GCarbo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoneyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Atsushi Imai
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan.
| | - Takuya Koie
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
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Kim M, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Kim HH, Ku JH. Are urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract a distinct entity from urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder? Behavior of urothelial carcinoma after radical surgery with respect to anatomical location: a case control study. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:149. [PMID: 25886012 PMCID: PMC4369352 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the prognosis of upper urinary tract (UUT)-urothelial carcinoma (UC) and UC of the bladder (UCB) by pathological staging in patients treated with radical surgeries. METHODS The study population comprised 335 and 302 consecutive radical surgery cases performed between 1991 and 2010 for UUT-UC and UCB, respectively. Five-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were analyzed. The median follow-up period of all subjects was 59.3 months (range, 0.1-261.0 months). RESULTS No difference was observed in median patient age, distribution of pathologic T stage, or rates of positive surgical margin between the two groups. The UUT-UC group had significantly more frequent hydronephrosis than the USB group (48.1% vs. 20.2%, p < 0.001). However, the UUT-UC group showed significantly less frequent grade III tumors (28.1% vs. 58.6%, p < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (18.8% vs. 35.8%, p < 0.001), and associated carcinoma in situ (9.0% vs. 21.9%, p < 0.001) than the UCB group. Five year RFS rates in the UUT-UC and UCB groups were 77.0% and 75.9%, respectively (p = 0.546). No significant difference in RFS rate was observed between pathological T stage subgroups. Five year CSS rates in the UUT-UC and UCB groups were 76.1% and 76.2%, respectively (p = 0.462). No significant difference was observed in CSS rate between the pathologic T stage subgroups. CONCLUSIONS UUT-UC and UCB showed comparable prognosis at identical stages. However, our results should be verified in a prospective study due to the retrospective study design in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
| | - Hyeon Hoe Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
| | - Ja Hyeon Ku
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
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Zargar H, Krishnan J, Autorino R, Akca O, Brandao LF, Laydner H, Samarasekera D, Ko O, Haber GP, Kaouk JH, Stein RJ. Robotic Nephroureterectomy: A Simplified Approach Requiring No Patient Repositioning or Robot Redocking. Eur Urol 2014; 66:769-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Oya M, Kikuchi E. Evidenced-based clinical practice guideline for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (summary--Japanese Urological Association, 2014 edition). Int J Urol 2014; 22:3-13. [PMID: 25243652 DOI: 10.1111/iju.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma is more rare than bladder cancer, although they are both categorized as urothelial carcinoma. Because of the low incidence, little clinical evidence is available regarding the treatment of the former. However, recently such evidence has slowly begun to accumulate. The guideline presented herein was compiled for the purpose of ensuring proper diagnosis and treatment by physicians involved in the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma. We carefully selected 16 clinical questions essential for daily clinical practice and grouped them into four major categories: epidemiology, diagnosis, surgery and systemic chemotherapy/other matters. Related literature was searched using PubMed and Japan Medical Abstracts Society databases for articles published between 1987 and 2013. If the judgment was made on the basis of insufficient or inadequate evidence, the grade of recommendation was determined on the basis of committee discussions and resultant consensus statements. Here, we present a short English version of the original guideline, and overview its key clinical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Lee DJ, Xylinas E, Rieken M, Khani F, Klatte T, Wood CG, Karam JA, Weizer AZ, Raman JD, Remzi M, Guo CC, Rioux-Leclercq N, Haitel A, Bolenz C, Bensalah K, Sagalowsky AI, Montorsi F, Lotan Y, Shariat SF, Robinson BD, Margulis V. Insulin-like Growth Factor Messenger RNA-binding Protein 3 Expression Helps Prognostication in Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. Eur Urol 2014; 66:379-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lin YK, Kaag M, Raman JD. Rationale and timing of perioperative chemotherapy for upper-tract urothelial carcinoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 14:543-51. [PMID: 24666189 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2014.882774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Radical surgery alone for high-risk upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is often inadequate for long-term cancer control. Numerous studies implicate failure presumably attributable to metastatic disease. Therefore, multimodal therapy by way of perioperative chemotherapy is integral to improve cancer outcomes and disease-specific survival. Despite this apparent reality, there is lack of consensus regarding which patients will need additional therapy, optimal timing for delivery of agents, and specific regimens to be utilized. Progress is being made, however, to explore these issues both by extrapolation from the bladder cancer literature as well as studying outcomes from retrospective UTUC series. Prospectively accruing studies for both neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy will likely mature in the next 5 years thereby providing higher level data to better guide standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kuan Lin
- Division of Urology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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Matsuzaki S, Serada S, Morimoto A, Ueda Y, Yoshino K, Kimura T, Naka T. Annexin A4 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of platinum-resistant cancers. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:403-14. [PMID: 24479491 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.882323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platinum drugs are widely used for the treatment of testicular, bladder, ovarian, colorectal, lung and prostate cancers. With regard to ovarian cancer in particular, the prognosis is poor for tumours that are (or have become) platinum-resistant. Determining the mechanism underlying platinum resistance may aid in the identification of therapeutic targets for the treatment of platinum-resistant tumours. AREAS COVERED This review gives an overview of the characteristics and functions of Annexin (Anx) A4, the mechanism of Anx A4-induced platinum resistance, the association between platinum resistance and platinum transporters, recent reports that Anx A4 overexpression promotes the efflux of platinum drugs via platinum transporters and the association between other Anxs and chemoresistance. The reader will gain an understanding of recent studies on the mechanism of Anx A4-induced chemoresistance. Anx A4 represents a therapeutic target for the treatment of Anx A4-overexpressing platinum-resistant tumours. EXPERT OPINION Anx A4 is overexpressed in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC), and enhanced Anx A4 expression induces platinum resistance. Recent studies showed that Anx A4 is also associated with platinum resistance in cancers other than ovarian CCC. Furthermore, other Anxs are reportedly associated with chemoresistance, suggesting a relationship between the Anx family and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Matsuzaki
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , 2-2 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
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Youssef RF, Yair L, Sagalowsky AI, Shariat SF, Wood CG, Raman JD, Cord L, Richard Z, Marco R, Francesco M, Christian B, Wassim K, Vitaly M. Radical nephroureterectomy for pathologic T4 upper tract urothelial cancer: can oncologic outcomes be improved with multimodality therapy? Int Braz J Urol 2013; 39:614-21. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2013.05.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ramy F. Youssef
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | - Lotan Yair
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | | | | | | | - Jay D. Raman
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | - Langner Cord
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | - Zigeuner Richard
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | - Roscigno Marco
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | | | - Bolenz Christian
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | - Kassouf Wassim
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
| | - Margulis Vitaly
- UT Southwestern Medical Center (RFY, YL, AIS, VM), United States
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17
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Gayed BA, Thoreson GR, Margulis V. The Role of Systemic Chemotherapy in Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer. Curr Urol Rep 2013; 14:94-101. [DOI: 10.1007/s11934-013-0307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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