1
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Douglas JT, Johnson DK, Roy A, Park T. Use of phosphotyrosine-containing peptides to target SH2 domains: Antagonist peptides of the Crk/CrkL-p130Cas axis. Methods Enzymol 2024; 698:301-342. [PMID: 38886037 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions between SH2 domains and segments of proteins that include a post-translationally phosphorylated tyrosine residue (pY) underpin numerous signal transduction cascades that allow cells to respond to their environment. Dysregulation of the writing, erasing, and reading of these posttranslational modifications is a hallmark of human disease, notably cancer. Elucidating the precise role of the SH2 domain-containing adaptor proteins Crk and CrkL in tumor cell migration and invasion is challenging because there are no specific and potent antagonists available. Crk and CrkL SH2s interact with a region of the docking protein p130Cas containing 15 potential pY-containing tetrapeptide motifs. This chapter summarizes recent efforts toward peptide antagonists for this Crk/CrkL-p130Cas interaction. We describe our protocol for recombinant expression and purification of Crk and CrkL SH2s for functional assays and our procedure to determine the consensus binding motif from the p130Cas sequence. To develop a more potent antagonist, we employ methods often associated with structure-based drug design. Computational docking using Rosetta FlexPepDock, which accounts for peptides having a greater number of conformational degrees of freedom than small organic molecules that typically constitute libraries, provides quantitative docking metrics to prioritize candidate peptides for experimental testing. A battery of biophysical assays, including fluorescence polarization, differential scanning fluorimetry and saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, were employed to assess the candidates. In parallel, GST pulldown competition assays characterized protein-protein binding in vitro. Taken together, our methodology yields peptide antagonists of the Crk/CrkL-p130Cas axis that will be used to validate targets, assess druggability, foster in vitro assay development, and potentially serve as lead compounds for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Douglas
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Core Lab, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - David K Johnson
- Computational Chemical Biology Core, Molecular Graphics and Modeling Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Anuradha Roy
- High Throughput Screening Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Taeju Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City and University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
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2
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Casanova AG, Roth GS, Hausmann S, Lu X, Bischoff LJM, Froeliger EM, Belmudes L, Bourova-Flin E, Flores NM, Benitez AM, Chasan T, Caporicci M, Vayr J, Blanchet S, Ielasi F, Rousseaux S, Hainaut P, Gozani O, Le Romancer M, Couté Y, Palencia A, Mazur PK, Reynoird N. Cytoskeleton remodeling induced by SMYD2 methyltransferase drives breast cancer metastasis. Cell Discov 2024; 10:12. [PMID: 38296970 PMCID: PMC10830559 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant forms of breast cancer refractory to existing therapies remain a major unmet health issue, primarily due to metastatic spread. A better understanding of the mechanisms at play will provide better insights for alternative treatments to prevent breast cancer cell dispersion. Here, we identify the lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 as a clinically actionable master regulator of breast cancer metastasis. While SMYD2 is overexpressed in aggressive breast cancers, we notice that it is not required for primary tumor growth. However, mammary-epithelium specific SMYD2 ablation increases mouse overall survival by blocking the primary tumor cell ability to metastasize. Mechanistically, we identify BCAR3 as a genuine physiological substrate of SMYD2 in breast cancer cells. BCAR3 monomethylated at lysine K334 (K334me1) is recognized by a novel methyl-binding domain present in FMNLs proteins. These actin cytoskeleton regulators are recruited at the cell edges by the SMYD2 methylation signaling and modulate lamellipodia properties. Breast cancer cells with impaired BCAR3 methylation lose migration and invasiveness capacity in vitro and are ineffective in promoting metastases in vivo. Remarkably, SMYD2 pharmacologic inhibition efficiently impairs the metastatic spread of breast cancer cells, PDX and aggressive mammary tumors from genetically engineered mice. This study provides a rationale for innovative therapeutic prevention of malignant breast cancer metastatic progression by targeting the SMYD2-BCAR3-FMNL axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre G Casanova
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Gael S Roth
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- Clinique Universitaire d'Hépato-gastroentérologie et Oncologie digestive, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Simone Hausmann
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyin Lu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ludivine J M Bischoff
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Emilie M Froeliger
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucid Belmudes
- Grenoble Alpes University, CEA, INSERM, UA13 BGE, CNRS CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Ekaterina Bourova-Flin
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Natasha M Flores
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana Morales Benitez
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tourkian Chasan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marcello Caporicci
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Vayr
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Blanchet
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Francesco Ielasi
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Rousseaux
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Hainaut
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Or Gozani
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Grenoble Alpes University, CEA, INSERM, UA13 BGE, CNRS CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Andres Palencia
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Pawel K Mazur
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Nicolas Reynoird
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
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3
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Casanova AG, Roth GS, Hausmann S, Lu X, Belmudes L, Bourova-Flin E, Flores NM, Benitez AM, Caporicci M, Vayr J, Blanchet S, Ielasi F, Rousseaux S, Hainaut P, Gozani O, Couté Y, Palencia A, Mazur PK, Reynoird N. Cytoskeleton remodeling induced by SMYD2 methyltransferase drives breast cancer metastasis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.18.558201. [PMID: 37790557 PMCID: PMC10542120 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.18.558201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Malignant forms of breast cancer refractory to existing therapies remain a major unmet health issue, primarily due to metastatic spread. A better understanding of the mechanisms at play will provide better insights for alternative treatments to prevent breast cancer cells dispersion. Here, we identify the lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 as a clinically actionable master regulator of breast cancer metastasis. While SMYD2 is overexpressed in aggressive breast cancers, we notice that it is not required for primary tumor growth. However, mammary-epithelium specific SMYD2 ablation increases mouse overall survival by blocking the primary tumor cells ability to metastasize. Mechanistically, we identify BCAR3 as a genuine physiological substrate of SMYD2 in breast cancer cells. BCAR3 monomethylated at lysine K334 (K334me1) is recognized by a novel methyl-binding domain present in FMNLs proteins. These actin cytoskeleton regulators are recruited at the cell edges by the SMYD2 methylation signaling and modulates lamellipodia properties. Breast cancer cells with impaired BCAR3 methylation loose migration and invasiveness capacity in vitro and are ineffective in promoting metastases in vivo . Remarkably, SMYD2 pharmacologic inhibition efficiently impairs the metastatic spread of breast cancer cells, PDX and aggressive mammary tumors from genetically engineered mice. This study provides a rationale for innovative therapeutic prevention of malignant breast cancer metastatic progression by targeting the SMYD2-BCAR3-FMNL axis.
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4
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Matovina M, Tomašić Paić A, Tomić S, Brkić H, Horvat L, Barbarić L, Filić V, Pinterić M, Jurić S, Kussayeva A. Identification of SH2 Domain-Containing Protein 3C as a Novel, Putative Interactor of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 3. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14178. [PMID: 37762480 PMCID: PMC10532290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) is a zinc-dependent exopeptidase with broad specificity for four to eight amino acid residue substrates. It has a role in the regulation of oxidative stress response NRF2-KEAP1 pathway through the interaction with KEAP1. We have conducted stable isotope labeling by amino acids in a cell culture coupled to mass spectrometry (SILAC-MS) interactome analysis of TRex HEK293T cells using DPP3 as bait and identified SH2 Domain-Containing Protein 3C (SH2D3C) as prey. SH2D3C is one of three members of a family of proteins that contain both the SH2 domain and a domain similar to guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains of Ras family GTPases (Ras GEF-like domain), named novel SH2-containing proteins (NSP). NSPs, including SH2D3C (NSP3), are adaptor proteins involved in the regulation of adhesion, migration, tissue organization, and immune response. We have shown that SH2D3C binds to DPP3 through its C-terminal Ras GEF-like domain, detected the colocalization of the proteins in living cells, and confirmed direct interaction in the cytosol and membrane ruffles. Computational analysis also confirmed the binding of the C-terminal domain of SH2D3C to DPP3, but the exact model could not be discerned. This is the first indication that DPP3 and SH2D3C are interacting partners, and further studies to elucidate the physiological significance of this interaction are on the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Matovina
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.T.P.); (S.T.); (L.B.); (S.J.); (A.K.)
| | - Ana Tomašić Paić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.T.P.); (S.T.); (L.B.); (S.J.); (A.K.)
| | - Sanja Tomić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.T.P.); (S.T.); (L.B.); (S.J.); (A.K.)
| | - Hrvoje Brkić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Lucija Horvat
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.H.); (V.F.)
| | - Lea Barbarić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.T.P.); (S.T.); (L.B.); (S.J.); (A.K.)
| | - Vedrana Filić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.H.); (V.F.)
| | - Marija Pinterić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Snježana Jurić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.T.P.); (S.T.); (L.B.); (S.J.); (A.K.)
| | - Akmaral Kussayeva
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.T.P.); (S.T.); (L.B.); (S.J.); (A.K.)
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5
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Cooperative regulation of PBI1 and MAPKs controls WRKY45 transcription factor in rice immunity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2397. [PMID: 35577789 PMCID: PMC9110426 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The U-box type ubiquitin ligase PUB44 positively regulates pattern-triggered immunity in rice. Here, we identify PBI1, a protein that interacts with PUB44. Crystal structure analysis indicates that PBI1 forms a four-helix bundle structure. PBI1 also interacts with WRKY45, a master transcriptional activator of rice immunity, and negatively regulates its activity. PBI1 is degraded upon perception of chitin, and this is suppressed by silencing of PUB44 or expression of XopP, indicating that PBI1 degradation depends on PUB44. These data suggest that PBI1 suppresses WRKY45 activity when cells are in an unelicited state, and during chitin signaling, PUB44-mediated degradation of PBI1 leads to activation of WRKY45. In addition, chitin-induced MAP kinase activation is required for WRKY45 activation and PBI1 degradation. These results demonstrate that chitin-induced activation of WRKY45 is regulated by the cooperation between MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation and PUB44-mediated PBI1 degradation. The U-box type ubiquitin ligase PUB44 positively regulates pattern-triggered immunity in rice. Here the authors identify a PUB44 substrate whose degradation is required for activation of the WRKY45 transcription factor upon immune elicitation.
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6
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Arras J, Thomas KS, Myers PJ, Cross AM, Osei AD, Vazquez GE, Atkins KA, Conaway MR, Jones MK, Lazzara MJ, Bouton AH. Breast Cancer Antiestrogen Resistance 3 (BCAR3) promotes tumor growth and progression in triple-negative breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4768-4787. [PMID: 34765292 PMCID: PMC8569345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-Negative Breast Cancers (TNBCs) constitute roughly 10-20% of breast cancers and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Previous work from our laboratory and others has determined that the cytoplasmic adaptor protein Breast Cancer Antiestrogen Resistance 3 (BCAR3) is an important promoter of cell motility and invasion of breast cancer cells. In this study, we use both in vivo and in vitro approaches to extend our understanding of BCAR3 function in TNBC. We show that BCAR3 is upregulated in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive carcinomas compared to normal mammary tissue, and that survival of TNBC patients whose tumors contained elevated BCAR3 mRNA is reduced relative to individuals whose tumors had less BCAR3 mRNA. Using mouse orthotopic tumor models, we further show that BCAR3 is required for efficient TNBC tumor growth. Analysis of publicly available RNA expression databases revealed that MET receptor signaling is strongly correlated with BCAR3 mRNA expression. A functional role for BCAR3-MET coupling is supported by data showing that both proteins participate in a single pathway to control proliferation and migration of TNBC cells. Interestingly, the mechanism through which this functional interaction operates appears to differ in different genetic backgrounds of TNBC, stemming in one case from potential differences in the strength of downstream signaling by the MET receptor and in another from BCAR3-dependent activation of an autocrine loop involving the production of HGF mRNA. Together, these data open the possibility for new approaches to personalized therapy for individuals with TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Arras
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Keena S Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Paul J Myers
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Allison M Cross
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Amare D Osei
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Gabriel E Vazquez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kristen A Atkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mark R Conaway
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Marieke K Jones
- Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, University of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Matthew J Lazzara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Amy H Bouton
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine and Cancer CenterCharlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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7
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Interaction Network Provides Clues on the Role of BCAR1 in Cellular Response to Changes in Gravity. COMPUTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/computation9080081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
When culturing cells in space or under altered gravity conditions on Earth to investigate the impact of gravity, their adhesion and organoid formation capabilities change. In search of a target where the alteration of gravity force could have this impact, we investigated p130cas/BCAR1 and its interactions more thoroughly, particularly as its activity is sensitive to applied forces. This protein is well characterized regarding its role in growth stimulation and adhesion processes. To better understand BCAR1′s force-dependent scaffolding of other proteins, we studied its interactions with proteins we had detected by proteome analyses of MCF-7 breast cancer and FTC-133 thyroid cancer cells, which are both sensitive to exposure to microgravity and express BCAR1. Using linked open data resources and our experiments, we collected comprehensive information to establish a semantic knowledgebase and analyzed identified proteins belonging to signaling pathways and their networks. The results show that the force-dependent phosphorylation and scaffolding of BCAR1 influence the structure, function, and degradation of intracellular proteins as well as the growth, adhesion and apoptosis of cells similarly to exposure of whole cells to altered gravity. As BCAR1 evidently plays a significant role in cell responses to gravity changes, this study reveals a clear path to future research performing phosphorylation experiments on BCAR1.
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8
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Gomi F, Uchida Y, Endo S. Up-regulation of NSP3 by Oligomeric Aβ Accelerates Neuronal Death Through Cas-independent Rap1A Activation. Neuroscience 2018; 386:182-193. [PMID: 29966723 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
β-Amyloid (Aβ) plays an important role in the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In vitro studies have demonstrated that Aβ oligomers induce hippocampal and neocortical neuronal death. However the neurotoxic mechanisms by which soluble Aβ oligomers cause neuronal damage and death remain to be fully elucidated. To this end, we analyzed the gene expression profile of rat cerebral cortical neurons treated with Aβ oligomers in vitro. Aβ treatment induced the expression of novel SH2-containing protein 3 (NSP3), an adaptor molecule interacting with Cas family proteins. NSP3 expression was upregulated not only in oligomeric-Aβ-treated cultured neurons but also in the neocortex of aged Tg2576 mice. NSP3 overexpression in cultured cortical neurons accelerated neuronal death. The C-terminal region of NSP3 unbound to a Cas protein was necessary for the NSP3-induced acceleration of neuronal death, as was Cas-independent Rap1A activation downstream of NSP3. Moreover, NSP3 RNAi knockdown partially rescued Aβ-oligomer-treated neurons. These results indicate that NSP3 upregulation by soluble Aβ oligomers may accelerate neuronal death via Cas-independent Rap1A activation, implicating NSP3 in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiya Gomi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Yoko Uchida
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shogo Endo
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
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9
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Zhang C, Miller DJ, Guibao CD, Donato DM, Hanks SK, Zheng JJ. Structural and functional insights into the interaction between the Cas family scaffolding protein p130Cas and the focal adhesion-associated protein paxillin. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:18281-18289. [PMID: 28860193 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.807271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cas family scaffolding protein p130Cas is a Src substrate localized in focal adhesions (FAs) and functions in integrin signaling to promote cell motility, invasion, proliferation, and survival. p130Cas targeting to FAs is essential for its tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream signaling. Although the N-terminal SH3 domain is important for p130Cas localization, it has also been reported that the C-terminal region is involved in p130Cas FA targeting. The C-terminal region of p130Cas or Cas family homology domain (CCHD) has been reported to adopt a structure similar to that of the focal adhesion kinase C-terminal focal adhesion-targeting domain. The mechanism by which the CCHD promotes FA targeting of p130Cas, however, remains unclear. In this study, using a calorimetry approach, we identified the first LD motif (LD1) of the FA-associated protein paxillin as the binding partner of the p130Cas CCHD (in a 1:1 stoichiometry with a Kd ∼4.2 μm) and elucidated the structure of the p130Cas CCHD in complex with the paxillin LD1 motif by X-ray crystallography. Of note, a comparison of the CCHD/LD1 complex with a previously solved structure of CCHD in complex with the SH2-containing protein NSP3 revealed that LD1 had almost identical positioning of key hydrophobic and acidic residues relative to NSP3. Because paxillin is one of the key scaffold molecules in FAs, we propose that the interaction between the p130Cas CCHD and the LD1 motif of paxillin plays an important role in p130Cas FA targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- From the Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105.,Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
| | - Darcie J Miller
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Cristina D Guibao
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Dominique M Donato
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.,Physics of Life Processes, Huygens Kamerlingh-Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RE Leiden, The Netherlands, and
| | - Steven K Hanks
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Jie J Zheng
- From the Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, .,Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105.,Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163.,Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
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10
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The role of focal adhesion anchoring domains of CAS in mechanotransduction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46233. [PMID: 28406229 PMCID: PMC5390273 DOI: 10.1038/srep46233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
CAS is a docking protein, which was shown to act as a mechanosensor in focal adhesions. The unique assembly of structural domains in CAS is important for its function as a mechanosensor. The tension within focal adhesions is transmitted to a stretchable substrate domain of CAS by focal adhesion-targeting of SH3 and CCH domain of CAS, which anchor the CAS protein in focal adhesions. Mechanistic models of the stretching biosensor propose equal roles for both anchoring domains. Using deletion mutants and domain replacements, we have analyzed the relative importance of the focal adhesion anchoring domains on CAS localization and dynamics in focal adhesions as well as on CAS-mediated mechanotransduction. We confirmed the predicted prerequisite of the focal adhesion targeting for CAS-dependent mechanosensing and unraveled the critical importance of CAS SH3 domain in mechanosensing. We further show that CAS localizes to the force transduction layer of focal adhesions and that mechanical stress stabilizes CAS in focal adhesions.
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11
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Bradbury PM, Turner K, Mitchell C, Griffin KR, Middlemiss S, Lau L, Dagg R, Taran E, Cooper-White J, Fabry B, O’Neill GM. The focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain of p130 Crk associated substrate (p130Cas) confers mechanosensing function. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1263-1273. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.192930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cas family of focal adhesion proteins contain a highly conserved C-terminal focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain. To determine the role of the FAT domain we compared wildtype exogenous NEDD9 with a hybrid construct in which the NEDD9 FAT domain is exchanged for the p130Cas FAT domain. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) revealed significantly slowed exchange of the fusion protein at focal adhesions and significantly slower 2D migration. No differences were detected in cell stiffness measured with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and cell adhesion forces measured with a magnetic tweezer device. Thus the slowed migration was not due to changes in cell stiffness or adhesion strength. Analysis of cell migration on surfaces of increasing rigidity revealed a striking reduction of cell motility in cells expressing the p130Cas FAT domain. The p130Cas FAT domain induced rigidity-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the NEDD9 substrate domain. This in turn reduced post-translational cleavage of NEDD9 which we show inhibits NEDD9-induced migration. Collectively, our data therefore suggest that the p130Cas FAT domain uniquely confers mechanosensing function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peta M. Bradbury
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2000, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kylie Turner
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Camilla Mitchell
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaitlyn R. Griffin
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shiloh Middlemiss
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Loretta Lau
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Dagg
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elena Taran
- Australian National Fabrication Facility- Queensland node, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Justin Cooper-White
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Geraldine M. O’Neill
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, 2145, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2000, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Kondo T, Nakamori T, Nagai H, Takeshita A, Kusakabe KT, Okada T. A novel spontaneous mutation of BCAR3 results in extrusion cataracts in CF#1 mouse strain. Mamm Genome 2016; 27:451-9. [PMID: 27364350 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-016-9653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A substrain of mice originating from the CF#1 strain (an outbred colony) reared at Osaka Prefecture University (CF#1/lr mice) develops cataracts beginning at 4 weeks of age. Affected mice were fully viable and fertile and developed cataracts by 14 weeks of age. Histologically, CF#1/lr mice showed vacuolation of the lens cortex, swollen lens fibers, lens rupture and nuclear extrusion. To elucidate the mode of inheritance, we analyzed heterozygous mutant hybrids generated from CF#1/lr mice and wild-type BALB/c mice. None of the heterozygous mutants were affected, and the ratio of affected to unaffected mice was 1:3 among the offspring of the heterozygous mutants. For the initial genome-wide screening and further mapping, we used affected progeny of CF#1/lr × (CF#1/lr × BALB/c) mice. We concluded that the cataracts in CF#1/lr mice are inherited through an autosomal recessive mutation and that the mutant gene is located on mouse chromosome 3 between D3Mit79 and D3Mit216. In this region, we identified 8 genes associated with ocular disease. All 8 genes were sequenced and a novel point mutation (1 bp insertion of cytosine) in exon 7 of the Bcar3 gene was identified. This mutation produced a premature stop codon and a truncated protein. In conclusion, we have identified the first spontaneous mutation in the Bcar3 gene associated with lens extrusion cataracts. This novel cataract model may provide further knowledge of the molecular biology of cataractogenesis and the function of the BCAR3 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kondo
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Biosciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Taketo Nakamori
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Biosciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagai
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Biosciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Ai Takeshita
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Biosciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Ken-Takeshi Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | - Toshiya Okada
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Biosciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
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13
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Cross AM, Wilson AL, Guerrero MS, Thomas KS, Bachir AI, Kubow KE, Horwitz AR, Bouton AH. Breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 3-p130 Cas interactions promote adhesion disassembly and invasion in breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2016; 35:5850-5859. [PMID: 27109104 PMCID: PMC5079856 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion turnover is critical for cell motility and invasion. We previously demonstrated that the adaptor molecule Breast Cancer Antiestrogen Resistance 3 (BCAR3) promotes adhesion disassembly and breast tumor cell invasion. One of two established binding partners of BCAR3 is the adaptor molecule, p130Cas. In this study, we sought to determine whether signaling through the BCAR3/Cas complex was responsible for the cellular functions of BCAR3. We show that the entire pool of BCAR3 is in complex with Cas in invasive breast tumor cells and that these proteins co-localize in dynamic cellular adhesions. While accumulation of BCAR3 in adhesions did not require Cas binding, a direct interaction between BCAR3 and Cas was necessary for efficient dissociation of BCAR3 from adhesions. The dissociation rates of Cas and two other adhesion molecules, α-actinin and talin, were also significantly slower in the presence of a Cas-binding mutant of BCAR3, suggesting that turnover of the entire adhesion complex was delayed under these conditions. As was the case for adhesion turnover, BCAR3-Cas interactions were found to be important for BCAR3-mediated breast tumor cell chemotaxis toward serum and invasion in Matrigel. Previous work demonstrated that BCAR3 is a potent activator of Rac1, which in turn is an important regulator of adhesion dynamics and invasion. However, in contrast to wildtype BCAR3, ectopic expression of the Cas-binding mutant of BCAR3 failed to induce Rac1 activity in breast cancer cells. Together, these data show that the ability of BCAR3 to promote adhesion disassembly, tumor cell migration and invasion, and Rac1 activity is dependent on its ability to bind to Cas. The activity of BCAR3-Cas complexes as a functional unit in breast cancer is further supported by the co-expression of these molecules in multiple subtypes of human breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Cross
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - A L Wilson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - M S Guerrero
- Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies, USA, Inc., Cary, NC, USA
| | - K S Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - A I Bachir
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - K E Kubow
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA
| | - A R Horwitz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - A H Bouton
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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14
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Minus MB, Liu W, Vohidov F, Kasembeli MM, Long X, Krueger MJ, Stevens A, Kolosov MI, Tweardy DJ, Sison EAR, Redell MS, Ball ZT. Rhodium(II) Proximity-Labeling Identifies a Novel Target Site on STAT3 for Inhibitors with Potent Anti-Leukemia Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Minus MB, Liu W, Vohidov F, Kasembeli MM, Long X, Krueger MJ, Stevens A, Kolosov MI, Tweardy DJ, Sison EAR, Redell MS, Ball ZT. Rhodium(II) Proximity-Labeling Identifies a Novel Target Site on STAT3 for Inhibitors with Potent Anti-Leukemia Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13085-9. [PMID: 26480340 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 40 % of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) suffer relapse arising from chemoresistance, often involving upregulation of the oncoprotein STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3). Herein, rhodium(II)-catalyzed, proximity-driven modification identifies the STAT3 coiled-coil domain (CCD) as a novel ligand-binding site, and we describe a new naphthalene sulfonamide inhibitor that targets the CCD, blocks STAT3 function, and halts its disease-promoting effects in vitro, in tumor growth models, and in a leukemia mouse model, validating this new therapeutic target for resistant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Minus
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 (USA)
| | - Wei Liu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Farrukh Vohidov
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 (USA)
| | - Moses M Kasembeli
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Xin Long
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Michael J Krueger
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Alexandra Stevens
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Mikhail I Kolosov
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - David J Tweardy
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA).
| | - Edward Allan R Sison
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Michele S Redell
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (USA).
| | - Zachary T Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 (USA).
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16
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Zhang M, March ME, Lane WS, Long EO. A signaling network stimulated by β2 integrin promotes the polarization of lytic granules in cytotoxic cells. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra96. [PMID: 25292215 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic lymphocytes kill target cells through the polarized release of the contents of intracellular perforin-containing granules. In natural killer (NK) cells, the binding of β2 integrin to members of the intercellular adhesion molecule family is sufficient to promote not only the adhesion of NK cells to target cells but also the polarization of intracellular lytic granules toward the target. We used NK cells in an experimental system designed to enable us to study the polarization of lytic granules in the absence of their release through degranulation, as well as β2 integrin signaling independently of inside-out signals from other receptors. Through a proteomics approach, we identified a signaling network centered on an integrin-linked kinase (ILK)-Pyk2-paxillin core that was required for granule and microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) polarization. The conserved Cdc42-Par6 signaling pathway, which controls cell polarity, was also activated by ILK and was required for granule polarization toward the target cell. A subset of the signaling components required for polarization contributed also to the convergence of granules on the MTOC. These results delineate two connected signaling networks that are stimulated upon β2 integrin engagement and control the polarization of the MTOC and associated lytic granules toward the site of contact with target cells to mediate cellular cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Michael E March
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - William S Lane
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Resource Laboratory, FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Eric O Long
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
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17
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Adaptors for disorders of the brain? The cancer signaling proteins NEDD9, CASS4, and PTK2B in Alzheimer's disease. Oncoscience 2014; 1:486-503. [PMID: 25594051 PMCID: PMC4278314 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
No treatment strategies effectively limit the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common and debilitating neurodegenerative disorder. The absence of viable treatment options reflects the fact that the pathophysiology and genotypic causes of the disease are not well understood. The advent of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has made it possible to broadly investigate genotypic alterations driving phenotypic occurrences. Recent studies have associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two paralogous scaffolding proteins, NEDD9 and CASS4, and the kinase PTK2B, with susceptibility to late-onset AD (LOAD). Intriguingly, NEDD9, CASS4, and PTK2B have been much studied as interacting partners regulating oncogenesis and metastasis, and all three are known to be active in the brain during development and in cancer. However, to date, the majority of studies of these proteins have emphasized their roles in the directly cancer relevant processes of migration and survival signaling. We here discuss evidence for roles of NEDD9, CASS4 and PTK2B in additional processes, including hypoxia, vascular changes, inflammation, microtubule stabilization and calcium signaling, as potentially relevant to the pathogenesis of LOAD. Reciprocally, these functions can better inform our understanding of the action of NEDD9, CASS4 and PTK2B in cancer.
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18
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Kambe T, Correia BE, Niphakis MJ, Cravatt BF. Mapping the protein interaction landscape for fully functionalized small-molecule probes in human cells. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10777-82. [PMID: 25045785 PMCID: PMC4120992 DOI: 10.1021/ja505517t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Phenotypic screening provides a means
to discover small molecules
that perturb cell biological processes. Discerning the proteins and
biochemical pathways targeted by screening hits, however, remains
technically challenging. We recently described the use of small molecules
bearing photoreactive groups and latent affinity handles as fully
functionalized probes for integrated phenotypic screening and target
identification. The general utility of such probes, or, for that matter,
any small-molecule screening library, depends on the scope of their
protein interactions in cells, a parameter that remains largely unexplored.
Here, we describe the synthesis of an ∼60-member fully functionalized
probe library, prepared from Ugi-azide condensation reactions to impart
structural diversity and introduce diazirine and alkyne functionalities
for target capture and enrichment, respectively. In-depth mass spectrometry-based
analysis revealed a diverse array of probe targets in human cells,
including enzymes, channels, adaptor and scaffolding proteins, and
proteins of uncharacterized function. For many of these proteins,
ligands have not yet been described. Most of the probe–protein
interactions showed well-defined structure–activity relationships
across the probe library and were blocked by small-molecule competitors
in cells. These findings indicate that fully functionalized small
molecules canvas diverse segments of the human proteome and hold promise
as pharmacological probes of cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Kambe
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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19
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Nikonova AS, Gaponova AV, Kudinov AE, Golemis EA. CAS proteins in health and disease: an update. IUBMB Life 2014; 66:387-95. [PMID: 24962474 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The CAS family of scaffolding proteins has increasingly attracted scrutiny as important for regulation of cancer-associated signaling. BCAR1 (also known as p130Cas), NEDD9 (HEF1, Cas-L), EFS (Sin), and CASS4 (HEPL) are regulated by and mediate cell attachment, growth factor, and chemokine signaling. Altered expression and activity of CAS proteins are now known to promote metastasis and drug resistance in cancer, influence normal development, and contribute to the pathogenesis of heart and pulmonary disease. In this article, we provide an update on recently published studies describing signals regulating and regulated by CAS proteins, and evidence for biological activity of CAS proteins in normal development, cancer, and other pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Nikonova
- Program in Developmental Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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20
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Rajendran V, Sethumadhavan R, Purohit R. Investigation of binding phenomenon of NSP3 and p130Cas mutants and their effect on cell signalling. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:623-33. [PMID: 23494262 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Members of the novel SH2-containing protein (NSP3) and Crk-associated substrate (p130Cas) protein families form a multi-domain signalling platforms that mediate cell signalling process. We analysed the damaging consequences of three mutations, each from NSP3 (NSP3(L469R), NSP3(L623E), NSP3(R627E)) and p130Cas (p130Cas(F794R), p130Cas(L787E), p130Cas(D797R)) protein with respect to their native biological partners. Mutations depicted notable loss in interaction affinity towards their corresponding biological partners. NSP3(L469R) and p130Cas(D797R) mutations were predicted as most prominent in docking analysis. Molecular dynamics (MD) studies were conducted to evaluate structural consequences of most prominent mutation in NSP3 and p130Cas obtained from the docking analysis. MD analysis confirmed that mutation in NSP3(L469R) and p130Cas(D797R) showed significant structural deviation, changes in conformations and increased flexibility, which in turn affected the binding affinity with their biological partners. Moreover, the root mean square fluctuation has indicated a rise in fluctuation of residues involved in moderate interaction acquired between the NSP3 and p130Cas. It has significantly affected the binding interaction in mutant complexes. The results obtained in this work present a detailed overview of molecular mechanisms involved in the loss of cell signalling associated with NSP3 and p130Cas protein.
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21
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Wallez Y, Riedl SJ, Pasquale EB. Association of the breast cancer antiestrogen resistance protein 1 (BCAR1) and BCAR3 scaffolding proteins in cell signaling and antiestrogen resistance. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10431-10444. [PMID: 24584939 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.541839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Most breast cancers are estrogen receptor-positive and treated with antiestrogens, but aberrant signaling networks can induce drug resistance. One of these networks involves the scaffolding protein BCAR1/p130CAS, which regulates cell growth and migration/invasion. A less investigated scaffolding protein that also confers antiestrogen resistance is the SH2 domain-containing protein BCAR3. BCAR1 and BCAR3 bind tightly to each other through their C-terminal domains, thus potentially connecting their associated signaling networks. However, recent studies using BCAR1 and BCAR3 interaction mutants concluded that association between the two proteins is not critical for many of their interrelated activities regulating breast cancer malignancy. We report that these previously used BCAR mutations fail to cause adequate loss-of-function of the complex. By using structure-based BCAR1 and BCAR3 mutants that lack the ability to interact, we show that BCAR3-induced antiestrogen resistance in MCF7 breast cancer cells critically depends on its ability to bind BCAR1. Interaction with BCAR3 increases the levels of phosphorylated BCAR1, ultimately potentiating BCAR1-dependent antiestrogen resistance. Furthermore, antiestrogen resistance in cells overexpressing BCAR1/BCAR3 correlates with increased ERK1/2 activity. Inhibiting ERK1/2 through overexpression of the regulatory protein PEA15 negates the resistance, revealing a key role for ERK1/2 in BCAR1/BCAR3-induced antiestrogen resistance. Reverse-phase protein array data show that PEA15 levels in invasive breast cancers correlate with patient survival, suggesting that PEA15 can override ERK1/2 activation by BCAR1/BCAR3 and other upstream regulators. We further uncovered that the BCAR3-related NSP3 can also promote antiestrogen resistance. Thus, strategies to disrupt BCAR1-BCAR3/NSP3 complexes and associated signaling networks could ultimately lead to new breast cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Wallez
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Stefan J Riedl
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Elena B Pasquale
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego California 92093.
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22
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Goldmann WH. Vinculin-p130Cas interaction is critical for focal adhesion dynamics and mechano-transduction. Cell Biol Int 2013; 38:283-6. [PMID: 24497348 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adherent cells, when mechanically stressed, show a wide range of responses including large-scale changes in their mechanical behaviour and gene expression pattern. This is in part facilitated by activating the focal adhesion (FA) protein p130Cas through force-induced conformational changes that lead to the phosphorylation by src family kinases. Janostiak et al. [Janostiak et al. Cell Mol Life Sci (2013) DOI 10.1007/s00018-013-1450-x] have reported that the phosphorylation site Y12 on the SH3 domain of p130Cas modulates the binding with vinculin, a prominent mechano-coupling protein in FAs. Tension changes in FAs (due to the anchorage of the SH3 domain and C-terminal) bring about an extension of the substrate domain of p130Cas by unmasking the phosphorylation sites. These observations demonstrate that vinculin is an important modulator of the p130Cas-mediated mechano-transduction pathway in cells. The central aim should be now to test that vinculin is critical for p130Cas incorporation into the focal adhesion complex and for transmitting forces to the p130Cas molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Center for Medical Physics and Technology, Biophysics Group, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
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23
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Oh MJ, Yi SJ, Kim HS, Kim JH, Jeong YH, van Agthoven T, Jhun BH. Functional roles of BCAR3 in the signaling pathways of insulin leading to DNA synthesis, membrane ruffling and GLUT4 translocation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 441:911-6. [PMID: 24216110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.10.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 3 (BCAR3) is an SH2-containing signal transducer and is implicated in tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells. In this study, we found that BCAR3 mediates the induction of ERK activation and DNA synthesis by insulin, but not by IGF-1. Specifically, the SH2 domain of BCAR3 is involved in insulin-stimulated DNA synthesis. Differential tyrosine-phosphorylated patterns of the BCAR3 immune complex were detected in insulin and IGF-1 signaling, suggesting that BCAR3 is a distinct target molecule of insulin and IGF-1 signaling. Moreover, microinjection of BCAR3 inhibitory materials inhibited membrane ruffling induced by insulin, while this did not affect insulin-mediated GLUT4 translocation. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BCAR3 plays an important role in the signaling pathways of insulin leading to cell cycle progression and cytoskeleton reorganization, but not GLUT4 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Ju Oh
- Clinical Trials Management Division, Pharmaceutical Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 363-700, Republic of Korea
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24
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Baquiran JB, Bradbury P, O'Neill GM. Tyrosine Y189 in the substrate domain of the adhesion docking protein NEDD9 is conserved with p130Cas Y253 and regulates NEDD9-mediated migration and focal adhesion dynamics. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69304. [PMID: 23874939 PMCID: PMC3706375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The focal adhesion docking protein NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L regulates cell migration and cancer invasion. NEDD9 is a member of the Cas family of proteins that share conserved overall protein-protein interaction domain structure, including a substrate domain that is characterized by extensive tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation. Previous studies have suggested that phosphorylation of Y253 in the substrate domain of the Cas family protein p130Cas is specifically required for p130Cas function in cell migration. While it is clear that tyrosine phosphorylation of the NEDD9 substrate domain is similarly required for the regulation of cell motility, whether individual NEDD9 tyrosine residues have discrete function in regulating motility has not previously been reported. In the present study we have used a global sequence alignment of Cas family proteins to identify a putative NEDD9 equivalent of p130Cas Y253. We find that NEDD9 Y189 aligns with p130Cas Y253 and that it is conserved among NEDD9 vertebrate orthologues. Expression of NEDD9 in which Y189 is mutated to phenylalanine results in increased rates of cell migration and is correlated with increased disassembly of GFP.NEDD9 focal adhesions. Conversely, mutation to Y189D significantly inhibits cell migration. Our previous data has suggested that NEDD9 stabilizes focal adhesions and the present data therefore suggests that phosphorylation of Y189 NEDD9 is required for this function. These findings indicate that the individual tyrosine residues of the NEDD9 substrate domain may serve discrete functional roles. Given the important role of this protein in promoting cancer invasion, greater understanding of the function of the individual tyrosine residues is important for the future design of approaches to target NEDD9 to arrest cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime B. Baquiran
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Peta Bradbury
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Geraldine M. O'Neill
- Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail:
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25
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Breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 3 (BCAR3) promotes cell motility by regulating actin cytoskeletal and adhesion remodeling in invasive breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65678. [PMID: 23762409 PMCID: PMC3675087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is incurable. In order to improve patient survival, it is critical to develop a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate metastasis and the underlying process of cell motility. Here, we focus on the role of the adaptor molecule Breast Cancer Antiestrogen Resistance 3 (BCAR3) in cellular processes that contribute to cell motility, including protrusion, adhesion remodeling, and contractility. Previous work from our group showed that elevated BCAR3 protein levels enhance cell migration, while depletion of BCAR3 reduces the migratory and invasive capacities of breast cancer cells. In the current study, we show that BCAR3 is necessary for membrane protrusiveness, Rac1 activity, and adhesion disassembly in invasive breast cancer cells. We further demonstrate that, in the absence of BCAR3, RhoA-dependent signaling pathways appear to predominate, as evidenced by an increase in RhoA activity, ROCK-mediated phosphorylation of myosin light chain II, and large ROCK/mDia1-dependent focal adhesions. Taken together, these data establish that BCAR3 functions as a positive regulator of cytoskeletal remodeling and adhesion turnover in invasive breast cancer cells through its ability to influence the balance between Rac1 and RhoA signaling. Considering that BCAR3 protein levels are elevated in advanced breast cancer cell lines and enhance breast cancer cell motility, we propose that BCAR3 functions in the transition to advanced disease by triggering intracellular signaling events that are essential to the metastatic process.
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Barrett A, Pellet-Many C, Zachary IC, Evans IM, Frankel P. p130Cas: a key signalling node in health and disease. Cell Signal 2012; 25:766-77. [PMID: 23277200 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
p130Cas/breast cancer anti-oestrogen resistance 1 (BCAR1) is a member of the Cas (Crk-associated substrate) family of adaptor proteins, which have emerged as key signalling nodes capable of interactions with multiple proteins, with important regulatory roles in normal and pathological cell function. The Cas family of proteins is characterised by the presence of multiple conserved motifs for protein-protein interactions, and by extensive tyrosine and serine phosphorylations. Recent studies show that p130Cas contributes to migration, cell cycle control and apoptosis. p130Cas is essential during early embryogenesis, with a critical role in cardiovascular development. Furthermore, p130Cas has been reported to be involved in the development and progression of several human cancers. p130Cas is able to perform roles in multiple processes due to its capacity to regulate a diverse array of signalling pathways, transducing signals from growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases, non-receptor tyrosine kinases, and integrins. In this review we summarise the current understanding of the structure, function, and regulation of p130Cas, and discuss the importance of p130Cas in both physiological and pathophysiological settings, with a focus on the cardiovascular system and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Barrett
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom.
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Wallez Y, Mace PD, Pasquale EB, Riedl SJ. NSP-CAS Protein Complexes: Emerging Signaling Modules in Cancer. Genes Cancer 2012; 3:382-93. [PMID: 23226576 DOI: 10.1177/1947601912460050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The CAS (CRK-associated substrate) family of adaptor proteins comprises 4 members, which share a conserved modular domain structure that enables multiple protein-protein interactions, leading to the assembly of intracellular signaling platforms. Besides their physiological role in signal transduction downstream of a variety of cell surface receptors, CAS proteins are also critical for oncogenic transformation and cancer cell malignancy through associations with a variety of regulatory proteins and downstream effectors. Among the regulatory partners, the 3 recently identified adaptor proteins constituting the NSP (novel SH2-containing protein) family avidly bind to the conserved carboxy-terminal focal adhesion-targeting (FAT) domain of CAS proteins. NSP proteins use an anomalous nucleotide exchange factor domain that lacks catalytic activity to form NSP-CAS signaling modules. Additionally, the NSP SH2 domain can link NSP-CAS signaling assemblies to tyrosine-phosphorylated cell surface receptors. NSP proteins can potentiate CAS function by affecting key CAS attributes such as expression levels, phosphorylation state, and subcellular localization, leading to effects on cell adhesion, migration, and invasion as well as cell growth. The consequences of these activities are well exemplified by the role that members of both families play in promoting breast cancer cell invasiveness and resistance to antiestrogens. In this review, we discuss the intriguing interplay between the NSP and CAS families, with a particular focus on cancer signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Wallez
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Makkinje A, Vanden Borre P, Near RI, Patel PS, Lerner A. Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 3 (BCAR3) protein augments binding of the c-Src SH3 domain to Crk-associated substrate (p130cas). J Biol Chem 2012; 287:27703-14. [PMID: 22711540 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.389981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The focal adhesion adapter protein p130(cas) regulates adhesion and growth factor-related signaling, in part through Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of p130(cas). AND-34/BCAR3, one of three NSP family members, binds the p130(cas) carboxyl terminus, adjacent to a bipartite p130(cas) Src-binding domain (SBD) and induces anti-estrogen resistance in breast cancer cell lines as well as phosphorylation of p130(cas). Only a subset of the signaling properties of BCAR3, specifically augmented motility, are dependent upon formation of the BCAR3-p130(cas) complex. Using GST pull-down and immunoprecipitation studies, we show that among NSP family members, only BCAR3 augments the ability of p130(cas) to bind the Src SH3 domain through an RPLPSPP motif in the p130(cas) SBD. Although our prior work identified phosphorylation of the serine within the p130(cas) RPLPSPP motif, mutation of this residue to alanine or glutamic acid did not alter BCAR3-induced Src SH3 domain binding to p130(cas). The ability of BCAR3 to augment Src SH3 binding requires formation of a BCAR3-p130(cas) complex because mutations that reduce association between these two proteins block augmentation of Src SH3 domain binding. Similarly, in MCF-7 cells, BCAR3-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the p130(cas) substrate domain, previously shown to be Src-dependent, was reduced by an R743A mutation that blocks BCAR3 association with p130(cas). Immunofluorescence studies demonstrate that BCAR3 expression alters the intracellular location of both p130(cas) and Src and that all three proteins co-localize. Our work suggests that BCAR3 expression may regulate Src signaling in a BCAR3-p130(cas) complex-dependent fashion by altering the ability of the Src SH3 domain to bind the p130(cas) SBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Makkinje
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
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Hanein D, Horwitz AR. The structure of cell-matrix adhesions: the new frontier. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2011; 24:134-40. [PMID: 22196929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adhesions between the cell and the extracellular matrix (ECM) are mechanosensitive multi-protein assemblies that transmit force across the cell membrane and regulate biochemical signals in response to the chemical and mechanical environment. These combined functions in force transduction, signaling and mechanosensing contribute to cellular phenotypes that span development, homeostasis and disease. These adhesions form, mature and disassemble in response to actin organization and physical forces that originate from endogenous myosin activity or external forces by the extracellular matrix. Despite advances in our understanding of the protein composition, interactions and regulation, our understanding of matrix adhesion structure and organization, how forces affect this organization, and how these changes dictate specific signaling events is limited. Insights across multiple structural levels are acutely needed to elucidate adhesion structure and ultimately the molecular basis of signaling and mechanotransduction. Here we describe the challenges and recent advances and prospects for unraveling the structure of cell-matrix adhesions and their response to force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Hanein
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States.
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