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van Krieken PP, Odermatt TS, Borsigova M, Blüher M, Wueest S, Konrad D. Oncostatin M suppresses browning of white adipocytes via gp130-STAT3 signaling. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101341. [PMID: 34547509 PMCID: PMC8502775 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity is associated with low-grade adipose tissue inflammation and locally elevated levels of several glycoprotein 130 (gp130) cytokines. The conversion of white into brown-like adipocytes (browning) may increase energy expenditure and revert the positive energy balance that underlies obesity. Although different gp130 cytokines and their downstream targets were shown to regulate expression of the key browning marker uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), it remains largely unknown how this contributes to the development and maintenance of obesity. Herein, we aim to study the role of gp130 cytokine signaling in white adipose tissue (WAT) browning in the obese state. Methods Protein and gene expression levels of UCP1 and other thermogenic markers were assessed in a subcutaneous adipocyte cell line, adipose tissue depots from control or adipocyte-specific gp130 knockout (gp130Δadipo) mice fed either chow or a high-fat diet (HFD), or subcutaneous WAT biopsies from a human cohort of lean and obese subjects. WAT browning was modeled in vitro by exposing mature adipocytes to isoproterenol after stimulation with gp130 cytokines. ERK and JAK-STAT signaling were blocked using the inhibitors U0126 and Tofacitinib, respectively. Results Inguinal WAT of HFD-fed gp130Δadipo mice exhibited significantly elevated levels of UCP1 and other browning markers such as Cidea and Pgc-1α. In vitro, treatment with the gp130 cytokine oncostatin M (OSM) lowered isoproterenol-induced UCP1 protein and gene expression levels in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, OSM mediated the inhibition of Ucp1 via the JAK-STAT but not the ERK pathway. As with mouse data, OSM gene expression in human WAT positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.284, p = 0.021, n = 66) and negatively with UCP1 expression (r = −0.413, p < 0.001, n = 66). Conclusions Our data support the notion that OSM negatively regulates thermogenesis in WAT and thus may be an attractive target for treating obesity. OSM is regulated under obesity and negatively correlates with UCP1 in WAT. OSM suppresses isoproterenol-induced UCP1 in subcutaneous adipocytes. OSM signals through the gp130-STAT3 pathway to lower UCP1 expression. Obese mice lacking gp130 in adipocytes exhibit increased WAT browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim P van Krieken
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timothy S Odermatt
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcela Borsigova
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Leipzig, D-04103, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Wueest
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Konrad
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207711. [PMID: 33081064 PMCID: PMC7589803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that adipose tissue, apart from its energy storage function, acts as an endocrine organ that produces and secretes a number of bioactive substances, including hormones commonly known as adipokines. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, mainly due to a low grade of inflammation and the excessive fat accumulation produced in this state. The adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity leads to an aberrant release of adipokines, some of them with direct cardiovascular and inflammatory regulatory functions. Inflammation is a common link between obesity and cardiovascular diseases, so this review will summarise the role of the main adipokines implicated in the regulation of the inflammatory processes occurring under the scenario of cardiovascular diseases.
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Akarsu M, Hurşitoğlu M, Toprak Z, Yoldemir ŞA, Altun Ö, Toprak ID, Özcan M, Yürüyen G, Uğurlukişi B, Erdem MG, Kirna K, Demir P, Çapar G, Arman Y, Tükek T. Relationships among oncostatin M, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation: a pilot study. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2020; 64:38-44. [PMID: 31576964 PMCID: PMC10522293 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Activated macrophages (M1-type macrophages) in adipose tissue secrete many proinflammatory cytokines that induce insulin resistance (IR). Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of Gp130 cytokines, plays an important role in a variety of biological functions, including the regulation of inflammatory responses. Proinflammatory cytokines released in patients with IR trigger a chronic, low-grade inflammatory reaction in blood vessel walls. This inflammator response leads to endothelial damage, which is the main mechanism for atherosclerosis and many cardiovascular diseases. Animal studies have reported a relationship between OSM and IR. To the best of our knowledge, however, few clinical studies have examined this topic. Therefore, we studied the relationship between serum levels of OSM and IR. Subjects and methods This prospective cross-sectional case-control study enrolled 50 people with IR (according to the HOMA-IR and QUICKI indices) and 34 healthy controls. The fasting blood concentrations of insulin, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP), and OSM were determined. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, sex, and HbA1c levels. Univariate analyses showed that waist circumference (WC) and levels of fasting glucose, insulin, CRP, HDL-C, OSM, HOMA-IR, and QUICKI differed between the two study groups. In multivariate analyses, both IR indices (QUICKI and HOMA) and OSM differed between the two groups. Conclusion OSM was correlated with the IR indices (QUICKI and HOMA). For simplicity, it might replace the other IR indices in the future. Further detailed studies are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Akarsu
- Okmeydani Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyOkmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hurşitoğlu
- Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyDr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeki Toprak
- Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyDr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şengül Aydin Yoldemir
- Okmeydani Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyOkmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Altun
- Okmeydani Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyOkmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilkim Deniz Toprak
- Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyGaziosmanpaşa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özcan
- Okmeydani Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyOkmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülden Yürüyen
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyFatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilal Uğurlukişi
- Şişli Etfal Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyŞişli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Genco Erdem
- Istinye ÜniversityMedical Park HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyIstinye Üniversity, Medical Park Hospital Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul
| | - Kerem Kirna
- Haseki Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyHaseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Demir
- Okmeydani Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyOkmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gazi Çapar
- Istanbul UniversityMedical FacultyDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyIstanbul University, Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yücel Arman
- Okmeydani Training and Research HospitalDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyOkmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tufan Tükek
- Istanbul UniversityMedical FacultyDepartment of Internal MedicineIstanbulTurkeyIstanbul University, Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ma D, Wang Y, Zhou G, Wang Y, Li X. Review: the Roles and Mechanisms of Glycoprotein 130 Cytokines in the Regulation of Adipocyte Biological Function. Inflammation 2019; 42:790-798. [PMID: 30661143 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation is now widely accepted as one of the most important contributors to metabolic disorders. Glycoprotein 130 (gp130) cytokines are involved in the regulation of metabolic activity. Studies have shown that several gp130 cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), have divergent effects on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and insulin sensitivity as well as food intake. In this review, we will summarize the present knowledge about gp130 cytokines, including IL-6, LIF, CNTF, CT-1, and OSM, in adipocyte biology and metabolic activities in conditions such as obesity, cachexia, and type 2 diabetes. It is valuable to explore the diverse actions of these gp130 cytokines on the regulation of the biological functions of adipocytes, which will provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dufang Ma
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guofeng Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yongcheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Stephens JM, Bailey JL, Hang H, Rittell V, Dietrich MA, Mynatt RL, Elks CM. Adipose Tissue Dysfunction Occurs Independently of Obesity in Adipocyte-Specific Oncostatin Receptor Knockout Mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1439-1447. [PMID: 30226002 PMCID: PMC6146404 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the phenotypic effects of adipocyte-specific oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) loss in chow-fed mice. METHODS Chow-fed adipocyte-specific OSMR knockout (FKO) mice and littermate OSMRfl/fl controls were studied. Tissue weights, insulin sensitivity, adipokine production, and stromal cell immunophenotypes were assessed in epididymal fat (eWAT); serum adipokine production was also assessed. In vitro, adipocytes were treated with oncostatin M, and adipokine gene expression was assessed. RESULTS Body weights, fasting blood glucose levels, and eWAT weights did not differ between genotypes. However, the eWAT of OSMRFKO mice was modestly less responsive to insulin stimulation than that of OSMRfl/fl mice. Notably, significant increases in adipokines, including C-reactive protein, lipocalin 2, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and insulinlike growth factor binding protein 6, were observed in the eWAT of OSMRFKO mice. In addition, significant increases in fetuin A and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were detected in OSMRFKO serum. Flow cytometry revealed a significant increase in leukocyte number and modest, but not statistically significant, increases in B cells and T cells in the eWAT of OSMRFKO mice. CONCLUSIONS The chow-fed OSMRFKO mice exhibited adipose tissue dysfunction and increased proinflammatory adipokine production. These results suggest that intact adipocyte oncostatin M-OSMR signaling is necessary for adipose tissue immune cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
| | - Jennifer L. Bailey
- Matrix Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
| | - Hardy Hang
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
| | - Victoria Rittell
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
- Matrix Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
| | - Marilyn A. Dietrich
- Cell Biology and Bioimaging Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
| | - Randall L. Mynatt
- Transgenics Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
| | - Carrie M. Elks
- Matrix Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808
- Corresponding Author: Carrie M. Elks, PhD, RD, Matrix Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA, Phone: (225) 763-3140,
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Elks CM, Zhao P, Grant RW, Hang H, Bailey JL, Burk DH, McNulty MA, Mynatt RL, Stephens JM. Loss of Oncostatin M Signaling in Adipocytes Induces Insulin Resistance and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Vivo. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17066-76. [PMID: 27325693 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.739110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a multifunctional gp130 cytokine. Although OSM is produced in adipose tissue, it is not produced by adipocytes. OSM expression is significantly induced in adipose tissue from obese mice and humans. The OSM-specific receptor, OSM receptor β (OSMR), is expressed in adipocytes, but its function remains largely unknown. To better understand the effects of OSM in adipose tissue, we knocked down Osmr expression in adipocytes in vitro using siRNA. In vivo, we generated a mouse line lacking Osmr in adiponectin-expressing cells (OSMR(FKO) mice). The effects of OSM on gene expression were also assessed in vitro and in vivo OSM exerts proinflammatory effects on cultured adipocytes that are partially rescued by Osmr knockdown. Osm expression is significantly increased in adipose tissue T cells of high fat-fed mice. In addition, adipocyte Osmr expression is increased following high fat feeding. OSMR(FKO) mice exhibit increased insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation and have increased lean mass, femoral length, and bone volume. Also, OSMR(FKO) mice exhibit increased expression of Osm, the T cell markers Cd4 and Cd8, and the macrophage markers F4/80 and Cd11c Interestingly, the same proinflammatory genes induced by OSM in adipocytes are induced in the adipose tissue of the OSMR(FKO) mouse, suggesting that increased expression of proinflammatory genes in adipose tissue arises both from adipocytes and other cell types. These findings suggest that adipocyte OSMR signaling is involved in the regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis and that, in obesity, OSMR ablation may exacerbate insulin resistance by promoting adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California 92093
| | - Ryan W Grant
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | | | | | - Margaret A McNulty
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, and
| | - Randall L Mynatt
- Transgenics Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
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Cardiotrophin-1 is inversely associated with obesity in non-diabetic individuals. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17438. [PMID: 26621340 PMCID: PMC4664929 DOI: 10.1038/srep17438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotrophin-1 is known to be a key regulator of energy homeostasis, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo. However, there are inconsistent results of the association between cardiotrophin-1 and obesity in humans, possibly confounded by hyperglycemia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among cardiotrophin-1 levels, overweight and obese individuals without diabetes in a Chinese population. The median (inter-quarter range) serum cardiotrophin-1 levels were 447.9 (230.9, 913.9), 350.6 (201.1, 666.5), and 288.1 (162.3, 572.4) pg/ml in non-diabetic subjects who were of normal weight (n = 522), overweight (n = 203), and obese (n = 93), respectively (trend test p < 0.001). Subjects who were overweight and obese had significantly lower cardiotrophin-1 levels than those with normal weight. The multivariate linear regression analyses showed that overweight (beta = −338.718, 95% CI = −552.786 ~ −124.651, p < 0.01), obese (beta = −530.275, 95% CI = −832.967 ~ −227.583, p < 0.01), and smoking (beta = −377.375, 95% CI = −654.353 ~ −100.397, p < 0.01) were negatively related to cardiotrophin-1 after adjusting for age, gender, HOMA-IR, hypertension, total cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, eGFR, ALT, and alcohol drinking. The results of this study provided epidemiological evidence that non-diabetic subjects who were overweight or obesity had significantly lower cardiotrophin-1 concentrations than those with normal weight, and both obesity and being overweight were inversely associated with cardiotrophin-1 levels.
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Sims NA. Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1) and neuropoietin (NP) signalling and their roles in development, adulthood, cancer and degenerative disorders. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Involvement of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Immunological Modulation of Inflammatory Cascade in Preeclampsia. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:325932. [PMID: 26089598 PMCID: PMC4458290 DOI: 10.1155/2015/325932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives. The pathophysiology of preeclampsia is characterized by abnormal placentation, an exaggerated inflammatory response, and generalized dysfunction of the maternal endothelium. We investigated the effects of preeclampsia serum on the expression of inflammation-related genes by adipose tissue. Materials and Methods. Visceral adipose tissue was obtained from the omentum of patients with early ovarian cancer without metastasis. Adipose tissue was incubated with sera obtained from either five women affected with severe preeclampsia or five women from control pregnant women at 37°C in a humidified incubator at 5% CO2 for 24 hours. 370 genes in total mRNA were analyzed with quantitative RT-PCR (Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity gene set). Results. Gene expression analysis revealed changes in the expression levels of 30 genes in adipose tissue treated with preeclampsia sera. Some genes are related to immune response, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and adipogenesis, which plays a central role in excessive systemic inflammatory response of preeclampsia. In contrast, other genes have shown beneficial effects in the regulation of Th2 predominance, antioxidative stress, and insulin sensitivity. Conclusion. In conclusion, visceral adipose tissue offers protection against inflammation, oxidative insults, and other forms of cellular stress that are central to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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Elks CM, Stephens JM. Oncostatin m modulation of lipid storage. BIOLOGY 2015; 4:151-60. [PMID: 25689119 PMCID: PMC4381222 DOI: 10.3390/biology4010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine belonging to the gp130 family, whose members serve pleiotropic functions. However, several actions of OSM are unique from those of other gp130 cytokines, and these actions may have critical roles in inflammatory mechanisms influencing several metabolic and biological functions of insulin-sensitive tissues. In this review, the actions of OSM in adipose tissue and liver are discussed, with an emphasis on lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie M Elks
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 202 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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11
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Zhao P, Stephens JM. Identification of STAT target genes in adipocytes. JAKSTAT 2014; 2:e23092. [PMID: 24058802 PMCID: PMC3710315 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.23092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes play important roles in lipid storage, energy homeostasis and whole body insulin sensitivity. Studies in the last two decades have identified the hormones and cytokines that activate specific STATs in adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. Five of the seven STAT family members are expressed in adipocyte (STATs 1, 3, 5A, 5B and 6). Many transcription factors, including STATs, have been shown to play an important role in adipose tissue development and function. This review will summarize the importance of adipocytes, indicate the cytokines and hormones that utilize the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in fat cells and focus on the identification of STAT target genes in mature adipocytes. To date, specific target genes have been identified for STATs, 1, 5A and 5B, but not for STATs 3 and 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge, LA USA ; Adipocyte Biology Lab; Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Baton Rouge, LA USA
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Kobayashi R, Terakawa J, Kato Y, Azimi S, Inoue N, Ohmori Y, Hondo E. The contribution of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) for embryo implantation differs among strains of mice. Immunobiology 2014; 219:512-21. [PMID: 24698551 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite of the claim that maternal leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) - a member of interleukin 6 (IL6) family of cytokines - plays indispensable roles for murine embryo implantation, these roles remain undefined in humans because the potency of LIF on implantation appears to vary among individuals. Here, we showed that the contribution of LIF for murine implantation was dependent on the strains of mice (ICR, C57BL/6J (B6), ddY, BALB/c, DBA/2Cr and MF1 strains). Inhibition of LIF during the implantation period caused severe disruption of embryo implantation in B6 and MF1 strains. Implantation was partly disrupted in other strains, but some embryos were implanted successfully. We speculated that other IL6 family members compensate for LIF actions on implantation in ICR, ddY, BALB/c, and DBA/2Cr strains. Indeed, the expression level of Ctf1 was upregulated by blockage of LIF function. CT-1 (encoded by Ctf1) treatment induced successful implantation without LIF in delayed implantation mice (ICR and B6) via phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the uterine luminal epithelium. Simultaneous inhibition of LIF and CT-1 did not block implantation completely in ICR mice, indicating that embryo implantation in this strain was robustly protected by LIF, CT-1 and other potential STAT3 activators. The present study might provide an explanation for the individual variation in the potency of LIF for embryo implantation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Jumpei Terakawa
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Kato
- Department of Oral Function and Molecular Biology, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 963-8611 Koriyama, Japan
| | - Shafiqullah Azimi
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Naoko Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yasushige Ohmori
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hondo
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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Sanchez-Infantes D, White UA, Elks CM, Morrison RF, Gimble JM, Considine RV, Ferrante AW, Ravussin E, Stephens JM. Oncostatin m is produced in adipose tissue and is regulated in conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E217-25. [PMID: 24297795 PMCID: PMC3913819 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-3555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adipose tissue is a highly active endocrine organ that secretes many factors that affect other tissues and whole-body metabolism. Adipocytes are responsive to several glycoprotein 130 (gp130) cytokines, some of which have been targeted as potential antiobesity therapeutics. OBJECTIVE Oncostatin M (OSM) is a gp130 family member known to inhibit adipocyte differentiation in vitro, but its effects on other adipocyte properties are not characterized. The expression of OSM in white adipose tissue (WAT) has not been evaluated in the context of obesity. Thus, our objective was to examine the expression of adipose tissue OSM in obese animals and humans. DESIGN OSM expression was examined in adipose tissues from mice with diet-induced and genetic obesity and in obese humans as well as in fractionated adipose tissue from mice. Murine adipocytes were used to examine OSM receptor expression and the effects of OSM on adipocytes, including the secretion of factors such as plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and IL-6, which are implicated in metabolic diseases. RESULTS OSM expression is increased in rodent and human obesity/type 2 diabetes mellitus. In humans, OSM levels correlate with body weight and insulin and are inversely correlated with glucose disposal rate as measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. OSM is not produced from the adipocytes in WAT but derives from cells in the stromovascular fraction, including F4/80(+) macrophages. The specific receptor of OSM, OSM receptor-β, is expressed in adipocytes and adipose tissue and increased in both rodent models of obesity examined. OSM acts on adipocytes to induce the expression and secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that WAT macrophages are a source of OSM and that OSM levels are significantly induced in murine and human obesity/type 2 diabetes mellitus. These studies suggest that OSM produced from immune cells in WAT acts in a paracrine manner on adipocytes to promote a proinflammatory phenotype in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sanchez-Infantes
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (D.S.-I., U.A.W., C.M.E., J.M.G., E.R., J.M.S.) and Department of Biological Sciences (J.M.S.), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808; Department of Nutrition (R.F.M.), UNC-Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 24702; Indiana University School of Medicine (R.V.C.), Indianapolis, Indiana 46202; Department of Medicine (A.W.F.), Columbia University, New York, New York 10032; and Endocrinology Department (D.S.-I.), St Joan de Deu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
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Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Romero-Lozano MA, Castaño D, Prieto J, Bustos M. Role of cardiotrophin-1 in obesity and insulin resistance. Adipocyte 2012; 1:112-115. [PMID: 23700521 PMCID: PMC3609088 DOI: 10.4161/adip.19696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines. In a recent study we examined the metabolic features of ct-1 null mice and the effects on body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism of acute and chronic administration of recombinant CT-1. Our data revealed that CT-1 is a key regulator of energy metabolism with potential applications in the treatment of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. This commentary discusses the significance of these findings in the context of other key studies in the field of obesity and insulin resistance.
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Richard AJ, Stephens JM. Emerging roles of JAK-STAT signaling pathways in adipocytes. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2011; 22:325-32. [PMID: 21561789 PMCID: PMC3149764 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Twenty years ago, adipocytes were largely considered to be inert energy-storage depots. We now know that fat cells are highly insulin-sensitive with significant endocrine functions. Alterations in adipocyte development or function can contribute to metabolic disease, in particular type 2 diabetes. The current obesity epidemic that plagues many nations provides a strong rationale for understanding basic adipocyte biology. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway mediates the action of a variety of hormones that have profound effects on adipocyte development and function. In addition, adipocytes secrete hormones that utilize this signaling pathway. This review summarizes research on the expression and function of JAKs and STATs in adipocytes and highlights the roles of JAK-STAT-activating cytokines in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline M. Stephens
- To whom correspondence should be addressed, Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 202 Life Sciences Bldg., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Phone (225)-578-1749, FAX (225)-578-2597,
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