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Lei M, Lin H, Shi D, Hong P, Song H, Herman B, Liao Z, Yang C. Molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential of HDAC9 in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:104. [PMID: 38093179 PMCID: PMC10717711 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the major cause of low-back pain. Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) was dramatically decreased in the degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) samples of patients with intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) according to bioinformatics analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) GSE56081 dataset. This study aims to investigate the role of HDAC9 in IVDD progression. METHODS The contribution of HDAC9 to the progression of IVDD was assessed using HDAC9 knockout (HDAC9KO) mice and NP-targeted HDAC9-overexpressing mice by IVD injection of adenovirus-mediated HDAC9 under a Col2a1 promoter. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological analysis were used to examine the degeneration of IVD. NP cells were isolated from mice to investigate the effects of HDAC9 on apoptosis and viability. mRNA-seq and coimmunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry (co-IP/MS) analysis were used to analyze the HDAC9-regulated factors in the primary cultured NP cells. RESULTS HDAC9 was statistically decreased in the NP tissues in aged mice. HDAC9KO mice spontaneously developed age-related IVDD compared with wild-type (HDAC9WT) mice. In addition, overexpression of HDAC9 in NP cells alleviated IVDD symptoms in a surgically-induced IVDD mouse model. In an in vitro assay, knockdown of HDAC9 inhibited cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis of NP cells, and HDAC9 overexpression had the opposite effects in NP cells isolated from HDAC9KO mice. Results of mRNA-seq and co-IP/MS analysis revealed the possible proteins and signaling pathways regulated by HDAC9 in NP cells. RUNX family transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) was screened out for further study, and RUNX3 was found to be deacetylated and stabilized by HDAC9. Knockdown of RUNX3 restored the effects of HDAC9 silencing on NP cells by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing viability. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that HDAC9 plays an important role in the development and progression of IVDD. It might be required to protect NP cells against the loss of cell viability and apoptosis by inhibiting RUNX3 acetylation and expression during IVDD. Together, our findings suggest that HDAC9 may be a potential therapeutic target in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Deyao Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Pan Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bomansaan Herman
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Lu L, Wang F, Chen J, Zhao C, Guo S, Dong D, Jiang M, Huang Y. CircTENM3 inhibites tumor progression via the miR-558/RUNX3 axis in prostate cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:850. [PMID: 38007527 PMCID: PMC10675854 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is currently acknowledged as the second most widespread cancer among men worldwide. Yet, the lack of dependable diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets has presented considerable hurdles to the progression of prostate cancer treatment. Circular RNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, positioning them as promising biomarkers for diverse medical conditions. This study aims to uncover a specific circRNA that could serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for detecting and treating PCa. METHODS The change of circTENM3 expression levels in PCa was detected by qPCR. CCK8 assays, EdU assays, Scratch assay and Transwell migration assay conducted to detect the role of circTENM3 in PCa cells in vitro. RIP assay, RNA-pull down and luciferase reporter assay were performed to explore the mechanism of circTENM3. Gain-of-function analysis was performed to reveal the function of circTENM3 in PCa in vivo. RESULTS The results revealed that the expression level of circTENM3 was significantly down-regulated in PCa. CircTENM3 overexpression alleviated the progression of PCa in vitro. Mechanistically, circTENM3 enhanced RUNX3 levels via miR-558 sponge. Gain-of-function analysis determined that circTENM3 overexpression could inhibit PCa progression in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our research offers profound insights into the protective role played by circTENM3 in PCa. CircTENM3 operates as a sponge for miR-558, thereby triggering the elevation of RUNX3 expression, which subsequently curbs the progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Lu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianchun Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunchun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Da Dong
- Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Minjun Jiang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Nie K, Zheng Z, Li X, Chang Y, Liu F, Wang X. Explore the active ingredients and potential mechanisms of JianPi QingRe HuaYu Methods in the treatment of gastric inflammation-cancer transformation by network pharmacology and experimental validation. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:411. [PMID: 37964307 PMCID: PMC10644588 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND JianPi QingRe HuaYu Methods (JQH) have been long used to treat chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC). However, whether JQH can inhibit the transformation of gastritis to gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. METHODS Herein, we first retrieved the active ingredients and targets of JQH from the TCMSP database and the targets related to the gastric inflammation-cancer transformation from public databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to gastric inflammation-cancer transformation were identified from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, we obtained the potential therapeutic targets of JQH in treating gastric inflammation-cancer transformation by intersecting drugs and disease targets. The Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses of the potential therapeutic targets were conducted using R software. Next, we conducted molecular docking and in vitro experiments to validate our results. RESULTS We obtained 214 potential therapeutic targets of JQH by intersecting drugs and disease targets. We found that the potential mechanisms of JQH in treating gastric inflammation-cancer transformation might be related to JAK-STAT, Wnt, p53 and VEGF signaling pathways. The molecular docking indicated that quercetin, as the main active ingredient of JQH, might inhibit gastric inflammation-cancer transformation by binding with specific receptors. Our experimental results showed that quercetin inhibited cells proliferation (P < 0.001), promoted cell apoptosis (P < 0.001), reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.001) and promoted the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.001) in MNNG-induced GES-1 cells. Furthermore, quercetin inhibited cells proliferation (P < 0.001) and reduced mRNA and protein level of markers of PLGC (P < 0.001) in CDCA-induced GES-1 cells. CONCLUSION These results provide the material basis and regulatory mechanisms of JQH in treating gastric inflammation-cancer transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kechao Nie
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- School of Health Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiushen Li
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yonglong Chang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - FengBin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Health Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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RUNX Proteins as Epigenetic Modulators in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223687. [PMID: 36429115 PMCID: PMC9688118 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX proteins are highly conserved in metazoans and perform critical functions during development. Dysregulation of RUNX proteins through various molecular mechanisms facilitates the development and progression of various cancers, where different RUNX proteins show tumor type-specific functions and regulate different aspects of tumorigenesis by cross-talking with different signaling pathways such as Wnt, TGF-β, and Hippo. Molecularly, they could serve as transcription factors (TFs) to activate their direct target genes or interact with many other TFs to modulate chromatin architecture globally. Here, we review the current knowledge on the functions and regulations of RUNX proteins in different cancer types and highlight their potential role as epigenetic modulators in cancer.
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Kim HY, Lee JM, Lee YS, Li S, Lee SJ, Bae SC, Jung HS. Runx3 regulates iron metabolism via modulation of BMP signalling. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13138. [PMID: 34611951 PMCID: PMC8666273 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Runx3, a member of the Runx family of transcription factors, has been studied as a tumour suppressor and key player of organ development. In a previous study, we reported differentiation failure and excessive angiogenesis in the liver of Runx3 knock‐out (KO) mice. Here, we examined a function of the Runx3 in liver, especially in iron metabolism. Methods We performed histological and immunohistological analyses of the Runx3 KO mouse liver. RNA‐sequencing analyses were performed on primary hepatocytes isolated from Runx3 conditional KO (cKO) mice. The effect of Runx3 knock‐down (KD) was also investigated using siRNA‐mediated KD in functional human hepatocytes and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Result We observed an iron‐overloaded liver with decreased expression of hepcidin in Runx3 KO mice. Expression of BMP6, a regulator of hepcidin transcription, and activity of the BMP pathway were decreased in the liver tissue of Runx3 KO mice. Transcriptome analysis on primary hepatocytes isolated from Runx3 cKO mice also revealed that iron‐induced increase in BMP6 was mediated by Runx3. Similar results were observed in Runx3 knock‐down experiments using HepaRG cells and HepG2 cells. Finally, we showed that Runx3 enhanced the activity of the BMP6 promoter by responding to iron stimuli in the hepatocytes. Conclusion In conclusion, we suggest that Runx3 plays important roles in iron metabolism of the liver through regulation of BMP signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Yi Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - You-Soub Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, and Institute for Tumor Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Shujin Li
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Chul Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, and Institute for Tumor Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Khan AA, Sundar P, Natarajan B, Gupta V, Arige V, Reddy SS, Barthwal MK, Mahapatra NR. An evolutionarily-conserved promoter allele governs HMG-CoA reductase expression in spontaneously hypertensive rat. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 158:140-152. [PMID: 34081950 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (Hmgcr) encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. The regulation of Hmgcr in rat models of genetic hypertension (viz. Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat [SHR] and its normotensive control Wistar/Kyoto [WKY] strain) is unclear. Interestingly, Hmgcr transcript and protein levels are diminished in liver tissues of SHR as compared to WKY. This observation is consistent with the diminished plasma cholesterol level in SHR animals. However, the molecular basis of these apparently counter-intuitive findings remains completely unknown. Sequencing of the Hmgcr promoter in SHR and WKY strains reveals three variations: A-405G, C-62T and a 11 bp insertion (-398_-388insTGCGGTCCTCC) in SHR. Among these variations, A-405G occurs at an evolutionarily-conserved site among many mammals. Moreover, SHR-Hmgcr promoter displays lower activity than WKY-Hmgcr promoter in various cell lines. Transient transfections of Hmgcr-promoter mutants and in silico analysis suggest altered binding of Runx3 and Srebf1 across A-405G site. On the other hand, C-62T and -398_-388insTGCGGTCCTCC variations do not appear to contribute to the reduced Hmgcr promoter activity in SHR as compared to WKY. Indeed, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirm differential binding of Runx3 and Srebf1 to Hmgcr promoter leading to reduced expression of Hmgcr in SHR as compared to WKY under basal as well as cholesterol-modulated conditions. Taken together, this study provides, for the first time, molecular basis for diminished Hmgcr expression in SHR animals, which may account for the reduced circulating cholesterol level in this widely-studied model for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar A Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Poovitha Sundar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Bhargavi Natarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Vinayak Gupta
- Bennett University, Plot No. 8-11, Techzone II, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Vikas Arige
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - S Santosh Reddy
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Manoj K Barthwal
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Nitish R Mahapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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Farooqi AA, Gulnara K, Mukhanbetzhanovna AA, Datkhayev U, Kussainov AZ, Adylova A. Regulation of RUNX proteins by long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs in different cancers. Noncoding RNA Res 2021; 6:100-106. [PMID: 34189363 PMCID: PMC8209647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX proteins have been shown to behave as "double-edge sword" in wide variety of cancers. Discovery of non-coding RNAs has played linchpin role in improving our understanding about the post-transcriptional regulation of different cell signaling pathways. Several new mechanistic insights and distinct modes of cross-regulation of RUNX proteins and non-coding RNAs have been highlighted by recent research. In this review we have attempted to provide an intricate interplay between non-coding RNAs and RUNX proteins in different cancers. Better conceptual and mechanistic understanding of layered regulation of RUNX proteins by non-coding RNAs will be helpful in effective translation of the laboratory findings to clinically effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kapanova Gulnara
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Ubaidilla Datkhayev
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, KazNMU, Tole Bi St 94, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Abay Z Kussainov
- Kazakh National Medical University Named After S. D. Asfendiyarov, Kazakhstan
| | - Aima Adylova
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
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Sung JY, Cheong JH. Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals Distinct Metabolic Reprogramming in Different Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Activity States. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081778. [PMID: 33917859 PMCID: PMC8068218 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent genomic classification of tumors has stated that clinically refractory cancers aggregate as a distinct molecular subtype associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT subtype tumors are clinically intractable due to shared malignant characteristics such as poor prognosis and metastasis and are resistant to chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockades. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for the identification of potential therapeutic targets for this tumor subtype. Here, we profiled the metabolic signatures of 9452 samples across 31 cancer types based on EMT activity and identified that ~80 to 90% of cancer types had high carbohydrate and energy metabolism associated with the high EMT state. Furthermore, we identified CHST14 as a potential metabolic target for the EMT subtype for stomach cancer associated with reprogramming of energy metabolism. Our analyses identified metabolic reprogramming associated with EMT, suggesting metabolism-associated targets for clinically refractory cancer subtypes. Abstract Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for cancer development, invasion, and metastasis. Its activity influences metabolic reprogramming, tumor aggressiveness, and patient survival. Abnormal tumor metabolism has been identified as a cancer hallmark and is considered a potential therapeutic target. We profiled distinct metabolic signatures by EMT activity using data from 9452 transcriptomes across 31 different cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Our results demonstrated that ~80 to 90% of cancer types had high carbohydrate and energy metabolism, which were associated with the high EMT group. Notably, among the distinct EMT activities, metabolic reprogramming in different immune microenvironments was correlated with patient prognosis. Nine cancer types showed a significant difference in survival with the presence of high EMT activity. Stomach cancer showed elevated energy metabolism and was associated with an unfavorable prognosis (p < 0.0068) coupled with high expression of CHST14, indicating that it may serve as a potential drug target. Our analyses highlight the prevalence of cancer type-dependent EMT and metabolic reprogramming activities and identified metabolism-associated genes that may serve as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yong Sung
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-2094
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Zhu C, Xiang W, Li B, Wang Y, Feng S, Wang C, Chen Y, Xie W, Qu L, Huang H, Annunziata F, Nunna S, Krepelova A, Mohammad M. Rasa S, Neri F, Chen J, Jiang H. DNA methylation modulates allograft survival and acute rejection after renal transplantation by regulating the mTOR pathway. Am J Transplant 2020. [PMCID: PMC7891393 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Circular RNA circREPS2 Acts as a Sponge of miR-558 to Suppress Gastric Cancer Progression by Regulating RUNX3/β-catenin Signaling. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:577-591. [PMID: 32721878 PMCID: PMC7390859 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an essential regulatory role in multiple cancers. However, the role of a large number of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) is still unknown. Here, hsa_circ_0139996 (circREPS2), a novel circRNA that was significantly downregulated in GC, was selected for further investigation. circREPS2 was validated and analyzed by DNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR. The roles of circREPS2 in GC cells were verified by gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter, RNA pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were performed to evaluate the functional mechanism of circREPS2 on microRNA-558 (miR-558)/RUNX3/β-catenin axis in GC cells. In the present study, we found that circREPS2 was downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Low expression of circREPS2 was associated with a higher tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, poor tumor differentiation, and larger tumor size in GC patients. Functionally, circREPS2 significantly inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that circREPS2 acted as a miR-558 sponge and upregulated RUNX3 expression to inactivate β-catenin signaling in GC cells. In conclusion, circREPS2 suppresses the progression of GC via miR-558/RUNX3/β-catenin signaling and is a novel promising biomarker and target for GC treatment.
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Du J, Liang Y, Li J, Zhao JM, Wang ZN, Lin XY. Gastric Cancer Cell-Derived Exosomal microRNA-23a Promotes Angiogenesis by Targeting PTEN. Front Oncol 2020; 10:326. [PMID: 32232005 PMCID: PMC7082307 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-exposed lung cancer-released exosomal microRNA-23a (miR-23a) has been shown to enhance angiogenesis as well as vascular permeability, contributing to the close correlation between exosomal miR-23a and tumorigenesis. The current study aimed to investigate whether gastric cancer (GC) cell-derived exosomal miR-23a could induce angiogenesis and to elucidate the potential mechanisms associated with the process. Differentially expressed miRNAs in GC were initially screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Target genes were selected following miRNA-mRNA prediction and subsequently verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. RT-qPCR was conducted to detect miR-23a and PTEN expression in GC tissues, cells and exosomes. Human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured with GC cell-derived exosomes to assess the angiogenesis mediated by exosomes in vitro. Additionally, PTEN was overexpressed in HUVECs to analyze the mechanism by which miR-23a regulates angiogenesis. miR-23a was highly expressed in GC tissues and cells and GC cell-derived exosomes. Angiogenesis was promoted by the co-culture of HUVECs and GC cells-derived exosomes, as evidenced by the increased expression of VEGF but decreased expression of TSP-1. PTEN was targeted by miR-23a and was lowly expressed in GC tissues. In a co-culture system, miR-23a carried by GC cells-derived exosomes promoted angiogenesis via the repression of PTEN. Collectively, GC cell-derived exosomal miR-23a could promote angiogenesis and provide blood supply for growth of GC cells. This study contributes to advancement of miRNA-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Du
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Medical Oncology Department of Thoracic Cancer (2), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin-Ming Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu-Yong Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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RUNX3 inhibits glioma survival and invasion via suppression of the β-catenin/TCF-4 signaling pathway. J Neurooncol 2018; 140:15-26. [PMID: 29916101 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) exerts a tumor suppressor gene associated with gastric and other cancers, including glioma. However, how its anti-tumor mechanism in functions glioma is unclear. METHODS We assayed expression of RUNX3 with a tissue microarray (TMA), frozen cancer tissues and malignant glioma cell lines using immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western bolt analysis. Cell proliferation, invasion, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were also examined to confirm the effect of RUNX3 medicated malignant phenotype. TOP/FOP experiment was used to detect the β-catenin/Tcf-4 transcription activity by RUNX3. RESULTS Enforced RUNX3 expression inhibited proliferation and invasion, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, Bim siRNA partically reversed the effect of RUNX3-induced apoptosis in LN229 and U87 cells, suggesting a dependent role of Bim-caspase pathway. Moreover, Mechanism investigations revealed that restoration of RUNX3 suppressed β-catenin/Tcf-4 transcription activity. CONCLUSIONS RUNX3 plays a pivotal role in glioma initiation and progression as a tumor suppressor via attenuation of Wnt signaling, highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
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13
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Hypotheses on the Potential of Rice Bran Intake to Prevent Gastrointestinal Cancer through the Modulation of Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071352. [PMID: 28672811 PMCID: PMC5535845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested the potential involvement of oxidative stress in gastrointestinal cancers. In light of this, research efforts have been focused on the potential of dietary antioxidant intake to prevent gastrointestinal cancer through the modulation of oxidative stress. Rice bran, a by-product of rice milling, has been shown to contain an abundance of phytochemicals, which are dietary antioxidants. To date, a number of studies have shown the antioxidative effect of rice bran intake, and some demonstrated that such an effect may contribute to gastrointestinal cancer prevention, largely through the antioxidative properties of rice bran phytochemicals. In addition, these phytochemicals were shown to provide protection against cancer through mechanisms linked to oxidative stress, including β-catenin-mediated cell proliferation and inflammation. The present article provides an overview of current evidence for the antioxidative properties of rice bran and its phytochemicals, and for the potential of such properties in cancer prevention through the oxidative-stress-linked mechanisms mentioned above. The article also highlights the need for an evaluation of the effectiveness of rice bran dietary interventions among cancer survivors in ameliorating oxidative stress and reducing the level of gastrointestinal cancer biomarkers, thereby establishing the potential of such interventions among these individuals in the prevention of cancer recurrence.
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Wang Y. Transcriptional Regulatory Network Analysis for Gastric Cancer Based on mRNA Microarray. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 23:785-791. [PMID: 28078605 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to screen the differential expressed genes (DEGs) and transcriptional factors (TFs) related to gastric cancer. GSE19826 microarray data downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and PPI network of DEGs were constructed by the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Then, the transcriptional regulatory network was constructed based on TRANSFAC database. Finally, regulatory impact factor (RIF) of TF was calculated. We identified 446 DEGs including 209 up- and 237 down-regulated genes. These DEGs were mainly significantly enriched in 5 pathways including ECM receptor interaction (p = 0.013899), spliceosome (p = 0.025591), bladder cancer (p = 0.026316), focal adhesion (p = 0.047809) and WNT signaling pathway (p = 0.048077). PPI network with 247 nodes and 913 edges were constructed and COL5A2 was the hub node. Transcriptional regulatory network with 6 differently expressed TFs, 58 non-differently expressed TFs, 44 DEGs and 735 non-DEGs was constructed. Finally, top 5 TFs including CRX, TFAP4, NKX2-1, MYB and RARG with higher ZRIF were screened. The identified DEGs such as COL5A2 and TOP2A, and TFs including EGR2, FOXM1, NKX2-1 and TFAP4 might be the critical genes and TFs for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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15
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Chen Y, Wang X, Cheng J, Wang Z, Jiang T, Hou N, Liu N, Song T, Huang C. MicroRNA-20a-5p targets RUNX3 to regulate proliferation and migration of human hepatocellular cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3379-3386. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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RUNX3-mediated up-regulation of miR-29b suppresses the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting KDM2A. Cancer Lett 2016; 381:138-48. [PMID: 27497248 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RUNX3 is a transcriptional factor that has been shown to regulate protein-coding gene expression at the transcriptional level. However, the regulation of RUNX3 on miRNAs is not fully understood. In this study, we used miRNA microarray to identify the miRNAs that are regulated by RUNX3 and found that miR-29b showed the most up-regulation in RUNX3 over-expressed cells compared with the control cells. We used qRT-PCR to confirm the miRNA microarray results in several gastric cancer cells and found that RUNX3 could bind to the miR-29b promoter directly and cooperate with Smad3 to increase the promoter activity of miR-29b. In the clinical setting, both RUNX3 and miR-29b are down-regulated significantly in human gastric cancer tissues. A positive correlation between miR-29b and RUNX3 was found in the gastric cancer tissues. Additionally, we found that miR-29b suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by directly targeting KDM2A. The miR-29b/KDM2A axis was involved in the RUNX3-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Taken together, our results suggested that RUNX3-mediated up-regulation of miR-29b inhibited the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting KDM2A, representing a novel molecular mechanism for the tumor suppression action of RUNX3.
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17
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Li DJ, Shi M, Wang Z. RUNX3 reverses cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via suppression of the protein kinase B pathway. Thorac Cancer 2016; 7:570-580. [PMID: 27766776 PMCID: PMC5129150 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preoperative chemoradiation combined with surgery has been of focus recently in order to improve prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. Finding biological markers that may assist in predicting the therapeutic effect of chemoradiation may benefit the treatment effect. In this study, the role of RUNX3 in the formation of cisplatin resistance in ESCC was examined. Methods The study enrolled 103 stage IIa–IIIb ESCC patients who had undergone esophagectomy. RUNX3 expression in ESCC tissue was detected. Results A higher expression of RUNX3 in ESCC patients correlated with a more sensitive response to cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. A consistently lower expression of RUNX3 was found in the ESCC tissues of patients who agreed to perioperative chemotherapy compared with patients who had undergone no preoperative treatment. A lower RUNX3 expression in cisplatin‐resistant ESCC cell lines, Eca109 and TE‐1, was observed compared with parental cell lines. Heterologous RUNX3 expression significantly suppressed cisplatin resistance in Eca109 and TE‐1, both in vitro and vivo. Meanwhile, heterologous RUNX3 expression could inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in cisplatin resistant Eca109 and TE‐1 cell lines in vitro. Remarkable inhibition of the Akt pathway was observed in heterologous RUNX3 expression in Eca109 and TE‐1. Silencing Akt1 could reverse cisplatin resistance in Eca109 and TE‐1. Conclusion Our results confirmed that a loss of RUNX3 in ESCC may contribute to cisplatin‐resistance. RUNX3 could reverse cisplatin resistance via suppression of the Akt pathway in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Jun Li
- Department of ICU, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mo Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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18
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Kim MS, Lee WS, Jin W. TrkB Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis via Suppression of Runx3 and Keap1 Expression. Mol Cells 2016; 39:258-65. [PMID: 26657794 PMCID: PMC4794608 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.2310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In metastatic breast cancer, the acquisition of malignant traits has been associated with the increased rate of cell growth and division, mobility, resistance to chemotherapy, and invasiveness. While screening for the key regulators of cancer metastasis, we observed that neurotrophin receptor TrkB is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer patients and breast cancer cell lines. Additionally, we demonstrate that TrkB expression and clinical breast tumor pathological phenotypes show significant correlation. Moreover, TrkB expression was significantly upregulated in basal-like, claudin-low, and metaplastic breast cancers from a published microarray database and in patients with triple-negative breast cancer, which is associated with a higher risk of invasive recurrence. Interestingly, we identified a new TrkB-regulated functional network that is important for the tumorigenicity and metastasis of breast cancer. We demonstrated that TrkB plays a key role in regulation of the tumor suppressors Runx3 and Keap1. A markedly increased expression of Runx3 and Keap1 was observed upon knockdown of TrkB, treatment with a TrkB inhibitor, and in TrkB kinase dead mutants. Additionally, the inhibition of PI3K/AKT activation significantly induced Runx3 and Keap1 expression. Furthermore, we showed that TrkB enhances metastatic potential and induces proliferation. These observations suggest that TrkB plays a key role in tumorigenicity and metastasis of breast cancer cells through suppression of Runx3 or Keap1 and that it is a promising target for future intervention strategies for preventing tumor metastasis and cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Soo Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Disease and Cell Regulation, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840,
Korea
| | - Won Sung Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Disease and Cell Regulation, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840,
Korea
| | - Wook Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Disease and Cell Regulation, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840,
Korea
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, 405-760,
Korea
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A Switch in Akt Isoforms Is Required for Notch-Induced Snail1 Expression and Protection from Cell Death. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 36:923-40. [PMID: 26711268 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01074-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch activation in aortic endothelial cells (ECs) takes place at embryonic stages during cardiac valve formation and induces endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Using aortic ECs, we show here that active Notch expression promotes EndMT, resulting in downregulation of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and upregulation of mesenchymal genes such as those for fibronectin and Snail1/2. In these cells, transforming growth factor β1 exacerbates Notch effects by increasing Snail1 and fibronectin activation. When Notch-downstream pathways were analyzed, we detected an increase in glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation and inactivation that facilitates Snail1 nuclear retention and protein stabilization. However, the total activity of Akt was downregulated. The discrepancy between Akt activity and GSK-3β phosphorylation is explained by a Notch-induced switch in the Akt isoforms, whereby Akt1, the predominant isoform expressed in ECs, is decreased and Akt2 transcription is upregulated. Mechanistically, Akt2 induction requires the stimulation of the β-catenin/TCF4 transcriptional complex, which activates the Akt2 promoter. Active, phosphorylated Akt2 translocates to the nucleus in Notch-expressing cells, resulting in GSK-3β inactivation in this compartment. Akt2, but not Akt1, colocalizes in the nucleus with lamin B in the nuclear envelope. In addition to promoting GSK-3β inactivation, Notch downregulates Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), another Akt2 nuclear substrate. Moreover, Notch protects ECs from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through an Akt2- and Snail1-dependent mechanism.
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Zhou L, Shang Y, Jin Z, Zhang W, Lv C, Zhao X, Liu Y, Li N, Liang J. UHRF1 promotes proliferation of gastric cancer via mediating tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:1241-51. [PMID: 26147747 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1056411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes play significant roles in cancer development. UHRF1, an epigenetic regulator, has been shown to be overexpressed and to coordinate tumor suppressor gene (TSG) silencing in several cancers. In a previous study, we found that UHRF1 promoted gastric cancer (GC) invasion and metastasis. However, the role and underlying mechanism of UHRF1 in GC carcinogenesis remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated UHRF1 expression and function in GC proliferation and explored its downstream regulatory mechanism. The results demonstrated that UHRF1 overexpression was an independent and significant predictor of GC prognosis. Downregulation of UHRF1 suppressed GC proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo, and UHRF1 upregulation showed opposite effects. Furthermore, downregulation of UHRF1 reactivated 7 TSGs, including CDX2, CDKN2A, RUNX3, FOXO4, PPARG, BRCA1 and PML, via promoter demethylation. These results provide insight into the GC proliferation process, and suggest that targeting UHRF1 represents a new therapeutic approach to block GC development.
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Key Words
- BRCA, breast cancer
- CDH4, cadherin 4
- CDKN2A, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
- CDX2, caudal type homeobox 2
- DNA methylation
- DNMT, DNA methyltransferase
- FOXO, forkhead box O
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GC, gastric cancer
- GO, gene ontology
- MSP, methylation-specific PCR
- NC, negative control
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PI, propidium iodide
- PLA, Chinese People's Liberation Army
- PML, promyelocytic leukemia
- PPARG,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
- RB, retinoblastoma protein
- RUNX3, runt-related transcription factor 3
- TSG, tumor suppressor gene
- UHRF1
- UHRF1, ubiquitin-like containing PHD ring finger 1
- gastric cancer
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- proliferation
- qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction
- shRNA, short hairpin RNA
- tumor suppressor gene
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- a Department of Medical Affairs ; The 88th Hospital of PLA ; Tai'an , China
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21
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Li WH, Zhou L, Li Z, Wang Y, Shi JT, Yang YJ, Gui JF. Zebrafish Lbh-like Is Required for Otx2-mediated Photoreceptor Differentiation. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:688-700. [PMID: 25999792 PMCID: PMC4440259 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.11244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeobox transcription factor orthodenticle homolog 2 (otx2) is supposed as an organizer that orchestrates a transcription factor network during photoreceptor development. However, its regulation in the process remains unclear. In this study, we have identified a zebrafish limb bud and heart-like gene (lbh-like), which is expressed initially at 30 hours post fertilization (hpf) in the developing brain and eyes. Lbh-like knockdown by morpholinos specifically inhibits expression of multiple photoreceptor-specific genes, such as opsins, gnat1, gnat2 and irbp. Interestingly, otx2 expression in the morphants is not significantly reduced until 32 hpf when lbh-like begins to express, but its expression level in 72 hpf morphants is higher than that in wild type embryos. Co-injection of otx2 and its downstream target neuroD mRNAs can rescue the faults in eyes of Lbh-like morphants. Combined with the results of promoter-reporter assay, we suggest that lbh-like is a new regulator of photoreceptor differentiation directly through affecting otx2 expression in zebrafish. Furthermore, knockdown of lbh-like increases the activity of Notch pathway and perturbs the balance among proliferation, differentiation and survival of photoreceptor precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Li
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ; 2. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhi Li
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yang Wang
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jian-Tao Shi
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yan-Jing Yang
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ; 2. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Shi M, Wang Z, Liu XY, Chen D. Inactivation of RUNX3 predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. Med Oncol 2014; 31:309. [PMID: 25391920 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The inactivation of RUNX3 in various cancers has been reported while the expression of RUNX3 on protein level in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its relationship with pathological parameters and prognosis still remained unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of RUNX3 in 158 ESCC samples and 20 normal esophageal mucosa samples by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. The IHC result showed that RUNX3 was detected mainly in the nuclei of basal layer cells in 18 of 20 normal mucosa samples while in 158 ESCC samples, there were 46 with RUNX3 nuclei expression, 37 RUNX3 cytoplasmic expression, and 75 negative expression. The qRT-PCR confirmed the downregulation of RUNX3 mRNA in the RUNX3 protein negative group than in the RUNX3 nuclei and cytoplasmic expression group (P < 0.001), and the methylation-specific PCR showed a low methylation rate in the ESCC tissue samples with RUNX3 protein negative expression (6/40, 15%). The RUNX3 nuclei expression negatively correlated with the lymph node metastasis (P = 0.033) and recurrence status (P = 0.019), and the survival analysis showed that the patients with RUNX3 nuclei expression had a higher 5-year survival rate than the patients with RUNX3 cytoplasmic/negative expression (P = 0.022). The Cox regression analysis showed that the T classification (P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), and RUNX3 inactivation (negative/cytoplasmic expression, P = 0.039) were independent risk factor of poor prognosis. In conclusion, we found a frequent inactivation of RUNX3 due to low expression and cytoplasmic dislocalization in ESCC. The inactivation of RUNX3 may be involved in the progression of ESCC, and RUNX3 could be an indicator of prognosis for patients with ESCC after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
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23
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Niero EL, Rocha-Sales B, Lauand C, Cortez BA, de Souza MM, Rezende-Teixeira P, Urabayashi MS, Martens AA, Neves JH, Machado-Santelli GM. The multiple facets of drug resistance: one history, different approaches. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:37. [PMID: 24775603 PMCID: PMC4041145 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Some cancers like melanoma and pancreatic and ovarian cancers, for example, commonly display resistance to chemotherapy, and this is the major obstacle to a better prognosis of patients. Frequently, literature presents studies in monolayer cell cultures, 3D cell cultures or in vivo studies, but rarely the same work compares results of drug resistance in different models. Several of these works are presented in this review and show that usually cells in 3D culture are more resistant to drugs than monolayer cultured cells due to different mechanisms. Searching for new strategies to sensitize different tumors to chemotherapy, many methods have been studied to understand the mechanisms whereby cancer cells acquire drug resistance. These methods have been strongly advanced along the years and therapies using different drugs have been increasingly proposed to induce cell death in resistant cells of different cancers. Recently, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been extensively studied because they would be the only cells capable of sustaining tumorigenesis. It is believed that the resistance of CSCs to currently used chemotherapeutics is a major contributing factor in cancer recurrence and later metastasis development. This review aims to appraise the experimental progress in the study of acquired drug resistance of cancer cells in different models as well as to understand the role of CSCs as the major contributing factor in cancer recurrence and metastasis development, describing how CSCs can be identified and isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Luís Niero
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av, Prof, Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Xu X, Chen L, Li W, Yu H, Sun Y, Zeng J, Jia J. RUNX3 inhibits survivin expression and induces cell apoptosis in gastric cancer. Eur J Cell Biol 2014; 93:118-26. [PMID: 24636883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor RUNX3 is associated with gastric tumorigenesis and progression through regulating the expression of its target genes. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family and has been shown to inhibit cell apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. Increased survivin expression has been found in various cancer types, including gastric cancer. In this study, we found that restoration of RUNX3 promotes cell apoptosis through inhibiting the survivin expression, while RUNX3 inhibition increases the expression of survivin in gastric cancer cell lines. Moreover, RUNX3 over-expression inhibits,whereas its inhibition increases, the promoter activity of survivin gene, respectively. RUNX3-R122C, a mutation located in the conserved Runt domain, has no effect on the promoter activity of survivin gene. We further identified a RUNX3-binding site in the promoter of survivin gene and the binding of RUNX3 on survivin promoter leads to significantly inhibition of survivin expression. Finally, we confirmed the negative correlation of RUNX3 and survivin expression in clinical specimens of gastric cancer. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of RUNX3 for the induction of cell apoptosis in human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xinchao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Microbiology and Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yundong Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Jiping Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Jihui Jia
- Department of Microbiology and Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
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Tandon M, Chen Z, Pratap J. Runx2 activates PI3K/Akt signaling via mTORC2 regulation in invasive breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:R16. [PMID: 24479521 PMCID: PMC3979058 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Runt-related transcription factor Runx2 is critical for skeletal development but is also aberrantly expressed in breast cancers, and promotes cell growth and invasion. A de-regulated serine/threonine kinase Akt signaling pathway is implicated in mammary carcinogenesis and cell survival; however, the mechanisms underlying Runx2 role in survival of invasive breast cancer cells are still unclear. Methods The phenotypic analysis of Runx2 function in cell survival was performed by gene silencing and flow cytometric analysis in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 and SUM-159-PT mammary epithelial cell lines. The expression analysis of Runx2 and pAkt (serine 473) proteins in metastatic breast cancer specimens was performed by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA and protein levels of kinases and phosphatases functional in Akt signaling were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting, while DNA-protein interaction was studied by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Results The high Runx2 levels in invasive mammary epithelial cell lines promoted cell survival in Akt phosphorylation (pAkt-serine 473) dependent manner. The analysis of kinases and phosphatases associated with pAkt regulation revealed that Runx2 promotes pAkt levels via mammalian target of rapamycin complex-2 (mTORC2). The recruitment of Runx2 on mTOR promoter coupled with Runx2-dependent expression of mTORC2 component Rictor defined Runx2 function in pAkt-mediated survival of invasive breast cancer cells. Conclusions Our results identified a novel mechanism of Runx2 regulatory crosstalk in Akt signaling that could have important consequences in targeting invasive breast cancer-associated cell survival.
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Liu Z, Chen L, Zhang X, Xu X, Xing H, Zhang Y, Li W, Yu H, Zeng J, Jia J. RUNX3 regulates vimentin expression via miR-30a during epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:610-23. [PMID: 24447545 PMCID: PMC4000113 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a putative tumour suppressor via regulating the expression of a series of target genes. Clinical studies demonstrated that loss of RUNX3 expression is associated with gastric cancer progression and poor prognosis, but the underlying mechanism is not entirely clear. Accumulating evidence shows that the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in cancer relapse and metastasis. Therefore, we addressed whether RUNX3 has a role in the EMT in gastric cancer. Knockdown of RUNX3 promoted cell invasion and increased the protein expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin in human gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of RUNX3 suppressed cell invasion and decreased the protein expression of vimentin in the cells and inhibited gastric cancer cells colonization in nude mice. Furthermore, overexpression of RUNX3 increased the expression of microRNA-30a (miR-30a), and miR-30a directly targeted the 3′ untranslated region of vimentin and decreased its protein level. miR-30a inhibitor abrogated RUNX3-mediated inhibition of cell invasion and downregulation of vimentin. Thus, RUNX3 suppressed gastric cancer cell invasion and vimentin expression by activating miR-30a. In gastric cancer patients, levels of RUNX3 were positively correlated with miR-30a and negatively associated with the levels of vimentin. Collectively, our data suggest a novel molecular mechanism for the tumour suppressor activity of RUNX3. Effective therapy targeting the RUNX3 pathway may help control gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis by inhibiting the EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Parbin S, Kar S, Shilpi A, Sengupta D, Deb M, Rath SK, Patra SK. Histone deacetylases: a saga of perturbed acetylation homeostasis in cancer. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:11-33. [PMID: 24051359 PMCID: PMC3873803 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413506582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current era of genomic medicine, diseases are identified as manifestations of anomalous patterns of gene expression. Cancer is the principal example among such maladies. Although remarkable progress has been achieved in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the genesis and progression of cancer, its epigenetic regulation, particularly histone deacetylation, demands further studies. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are one of the key players in the gene expression regulation network in cancer because of their repressive role on tumor suppressor genes. Higher expression and function of deacetylases disrupt the finely tuned acetylation homeostasis in both histone and non-histone target proteins. This brings about alterations in the genes implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other cellular processes. Moreover, the reversible nature of epigenetic modulation by HDACs makes them attractive targets for cancer remedy. This review summarizes the current knowledge of HDACs in tumorigenesis and tumor progression as well as their contribution to the hallmarks of cancer. The present report also describes briefly various assays to detect histone deacetylase activity and discusses the potential role of histone deacetylase inhibitors as emerging epigenetic drugs to cure cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabnam Parbin
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India (SP, SK, AS, DS, SKR, SKP)
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Epigenetic downregulation of RUNX3 by DNA methylation induces docetaxel chemoresistance in human lung adenocarcinoma cells by activation of the AKT pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2369-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kang KA, Kim KC, Bae SC, Hyun JW. Oxidative stress induces proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting RUNX3 and activating the Akt signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1511-6. [PMID: 24042352 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that the tumor suppressor Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is silenced in colorectal cancer cells via oxidative stress-induced hypermethylation of its promoter. The resulting downregulation of RUNX3 expression influences cell proliferation. Activation of the Akt signaling pathway is also associated with cell survival and proliferation; however, the effects of oxidative stress on the relationship between RUNX3 and Akt signaling are largely unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the mechanisms involved in cell proliferation caused by oxidative stress-induced silencing of RUNX3. The levels of RUNX3 mRNA and protein were downregulated in response to treatment of the human colorectal cancer cell line SNU-407 with H2O2. Treatment of the cells with H2O2 also upregulated Akt mRNA and protein expression, and inhibited the binding of RUNX3 to the Akt promoter. The inverse correlation between the expression levels of RUNX3 and Akt in H2O2-treated cells was also associated with nuclear translocation of β-catenin and upregulation of cyclin D1 expression, which induced cell proliferation. H2O2 treatment also increased the binding of β-catenin to the cyclin D1 promoter. The results presented here demonstrate that reactive oxygen species silence the tumor suppressor RUNX3, enhance the Akt-mediated signaling pathway, and promote the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ah Kang
- School of Medicine, and Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Gastric carcinogenesis is a complex and multifactorial process, in which infection with Helicobacter pylori plays a major role. Additionally, environmental factors as well as genetic susceptibility factors are significant players in gastric cancer (GC) etiology. Gastric cancer development results from the accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic changes during the lifetime of the cancer patient that will activate oncogenic and/or inactivate tumor-suppressor pathways. Numerous studies published last year provided new insights into the molecular phenotypes of GC, which will be the main focus of this review. This article also reviews the recent findings on GC tumor-suppressor genes, including putative novel genes. The understanding of the basic mechanisms that underlie gastric carcinogenesis will be of utmost importance for developing strategies of screening, early detection, and treatment of the disease, as most GC patients present with late-stage disease and have poor overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceu Figueiredo
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Yu F, Gao W, Yokochi T, Suenaga Y, Ando K, Ohira M, Nakamura Y, Nakagawara A. RUNX3 interacts with MYCN and facilitates protein degradation in neuroblastoma. Oncogene 2013; 33:2601-9. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Han Y, Cai H, Ma L, Ding Y, Tan X, Chang W, Guan W, Liu Y, Shen Q, Yu Y, Zhang H, Cao G. Expression of orphan nuclear receptor NR4A2 in gastric cancer cells confers chemoresistance and predicts an unfavorable postoperative survival of gastric cancer patients with chemotherapy. Cancer 2013; 119:3436-45. [PMID: 23821160 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NR4A2, an orphan nuclear receptor essential in the generation of dopaminergic neurons, has been recently linked to inflammation and cancer. This study sought to identify the role of NR4A2 on chemoresistance and postoperative prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). METHODS NR4A2 was transfected into GC cells to investigate its effects on chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil and the tumorigenicity in nude mice. This study also investigated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 )-induced NR4A2 expression and its effect on chemoresistance. Surgical specimens from patients with stage I through III GC were examined immunohistochemically for NR4A2 expression. Median follow-up time was 76 months for 245 patients. RESULTS Ectopic expression of NR4A2 significantly increased the chemoresistance and attenuated 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis. Transient treatment of GC cells with PGE2 significantly upregulated NR4A2 expression via the protein kinase A pathway and increased the chemoresistance. Ectopic expression of NR4A2 significantly increased the tumorigenicity. In clinical samples, NR4A2 was preferentially expressed in lymphocytes and epithelial cytoplasm in adjacent mucosa. High expression of NR4A2 (immunoreactive score ≥ 3) in cancer cells significantly predicted an unfavorable postoperative disease-specific survival of patients with stage I to III GC (P = .011), especially for those who received 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy (P = .016). This effect was not found in those without the chemotherapy. In multivariate Cox analyses, age, TNM (tumor/node/metastasis) stage, and high NR4A2 expression significantly predicted an unfavorable postoperative survival. CONCLUSIONS High NR4A2 expression in GC cells confers chemoresistance, attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis, and predicts an unfavorable survival, especially for those who received chemotherapy. NR4A2 might serve as a prognostic and predictive factor and therapeutic target for patients with GC. Cancer 2013;119:3436-3445.. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Cheng HC, Liu YP, Shan YS, Huang CY, Lin FC, Lin LC, Lee L, Tsai CH, Hsiao M, Lu PJ. Loss of RUNX3 increases osteopontin expression and promotes cell migration in gastric cancer. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:2452-9. [PMID: 23774402 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of RUNX3 expression is frequently observed in gastric cancer and is highly associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of gastric cancer remain unknown. In this study, we found that the protein levels of RUNX3 and osteopontin (OPN) are inversely correlated in gastric cancer clinical specimens and cell lines. Furthermore, similar inverse trends between RUNX3 and OPN messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were demonstrated in six out of seven normal-tumor-paired gastric cancer clinical specimens. In addition, low RUNX3 and high OPN expression were associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Ectopic expression of green fluorescent protein-RUNX3 reduced OPN protein and mRNA expression in the AGS and SCM-1 gastric cancer cell lines. In contrast, knockdown of RUNX3 in GES-1, a normal gastric epithelial cell line, increased OPN expression. Although three RUNX3-binding sequences have been identified in the OPN promoter region, direct binding of RUNX3 to the specific binding site, -142 to -137bp, was demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The binding of RUNX3 to the OPN promoter significantly decreased OPN promoter activity. The knockdown of OPN or overexpression of RUNX3 inhibited cell migration in AGS and SCM-1 cells; however, the coexpression of RUNX3 and OPN reversed the RUNX3-reduced migration ability in AGS and SCM-1 cells. In contrast, the knockdown of both RUNX3 and OPN inhibited RUNX3-knockdown-induced migration of GES-1 cells. Together, our data demonstrated that RUNX3 is a transcriptional repressor of OPN and that loss of RUNX3 upregulates OPN, which promotes migration in gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chuan Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan
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In vitro nasal epithelial toxicity by cadmium accompanies up-regulation of RUNX3 protein with activation of PI3-kinase/Akt. Mol Cell Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-013-0020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zuo J, Xia J, Ju F, Yan J, Zhu A, Jin S, Shan T, Zhou H. MicroRNA-148a can regulate runt-related transcription factor 3 gene expression via modulation of DNA methyltransferase 1 in gastric cancer. Mol Cells 2013; 35:313-9. [PMID: 23549984 PMCID: PMC3887893 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-2314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Underexpression of the gene runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3), an important tumor suppressor, is known to contribute to gastric cancer progression. However, the mechanism underlying aberrant RUNX3 expression has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the role of microRNA-148a (miR-148a) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in RUNX3 promoter methylation and gene expression. RUNX3 mRNA, RUNX3 protein, and methylation levels were assayed in human gastric cancer tissues and matched normal tissues, and AGS and BGC-823 cells by real-time reverse transcription PCR, Western blot, and methylation-specific PCR, respectively. A correlation between RUNX3 mRNA levels and that of miR-148a was also investigated in gastric cancer tissues. We found that RUNX3 mRNA levels were significantly downregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared with their matched normal tissues, and were closely associated with miR-148a expression. After treatment of human gastric cancer AGS and BGC-823 cells with the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a significant increase in RUNX3 mRNA, RUNX3 protein, and the non-methylated form of the RUNX3 promoter were observed relative to untreated cells. Enforced expression of miR-148a, which can modulate DNMT1 and DNMT3B, also increased the expression of RUNX3 in gastric cancer cells. Knockdown of DNMT1 was associated with increased levels of RUNX3 mRNA and RUNX3 protein, while knockdown of DNMT3B did not have any effect on these in BGC-823 cells. Our results show that miR-148a may regulate RUNX3 expression through modulation of DNMT1-dependent DNA methylation in gastric cancer and highlight a miRNA-epigenetics regulation mechanism of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Zuo
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
| | - Jiazeng Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
| | - Feng Ju
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
| | - Jiang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
| | - Akao Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Hangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006,
China
| | - Shimao Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
| | - Ting Shan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002,
China
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