1
|
Kanabar D, Kane EI, Chavan T, Laflamme TM, Suarez E, Goyal M, Gupta V, Spratt DE, Muth A. Synthesis and evaluation of 2,5-substituted pyrimidines as small-molecule gankyrin binders. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:239-251. [PMID: 38205637 PMCID: PMC10853842 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Gankyrin is an ankyrin-repeat protein that promotes cell proliferation, tumor development and cancer progression when overexpressed. Aim: To design and synthesize a novel series of gankyrin-binding small molecules predicated on a 2,5-pyrimidine scaffold. Materials & methods: The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity, ability to bind gankyrin and effects on cell cycle progression and the proteasomal degradation pathway. Results: Compounds 188 and 193 demonstrated the most potent antiproliferative activity against MCF7 and A549 cells, respectively. Both compounds also demonstrated the ability to effectively bind gankyrin, disrupt proteasomal degradation and inhibit cell cycle progression. Conclusion: The 2,5-pyrimidine scaffold exhibits a novel and promising strategy for binding gankyrin and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Kanabar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Emma I Kane
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Tejashri Chavan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Taylor M Laflamme
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Ethan Suarez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Mimansa Goyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Donald E Spratt
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
| | - Aaron Muth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu BY, Shi LG, Jiang C, Wang GK, Liu J, Wu TY. Kinesin family member C 1 overexpression exerts tumor-promoting properties in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via the Rac1/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100134. [PMID: 36990154 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member C 1 (KIFC1) is a kinesin-14 motor protein, and its abnormal upregulation promotes the malignant behavior of cancer cells. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is a common modification of eukaryotic mRNA and affects RNA expression. Herein, we explored how KIFC1 regulated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumorigenesis and how m6A modification affected KIFC1 expression. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen for genes of interest, and in vitro and in vivo studies were carried out to investigate the function and mechanism of KIFC1 in HNSCC. We observed that the expression of KIFC1 in HNSCC tissues was significantly higher than in normal or adjacent normal tissues. Cancer patients with higher KIFC1 expression have lower tumor differentiation status. Demethylase alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), a cancer-promoting factor in HNSCC, could interact with KIFC1 mRNA and post-transcriptionally activated KIFC1 through m6A modification. KIFC1 downregulation suppressed HNSCC cell growth and metastasis in vivo and in vitro. However, overexpression of KIFC1 promoted these malignant behaviors. We demonstrated that KIFC1 overexpression activated the oncogenic Wnt/β-catenin pathway. KIFC1 interacted with the small GTPase Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) at the protein level and increased activity. The Rho GTPase Rac1 was indicated to be an upstream activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and its Rac1 inhibitor, NSC-23766, treatment reversed the effects caused by KIFC1 overexpression. Those observations demonstrate that abnormal expression of KIFC1 may be regulated by demethylase ALKBH5 in an m6A-dependent manner and promote HNSCC progression via the Rac1/Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yu Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ling-Gai Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guang-Ke Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Tian-Yi Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University; People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Peng G, Wang C, Wang H, Qu M, Dong K, Yu Y, Jiang Y, Gan S, Gao X. Gankyrin-mediated interaction between cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages facilitates prostate cancer progression and androgen deprivation therapy resistance. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2173422. [PMID: 36776524 PMCID: PMC9908295 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2173422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence reveals that the interaction between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) facilitates the progression of prostate cancer, but the related mechanisms remained unclear. This study determined how gankyrin, a component of the 19S regulatory complex of the 26S proteasome, regulates the progression and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) resistance of prostate cancer through tumor cell-TAM interactions. In vitro functional experiments and in vivo subcutaneous tumor models were used to explore the biological role and molecular mechanisms of gankyrin in prostate cancer cell-TAM interactions. 234 prostate cancer patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts to examine the prognostic value of gankyrin through immunohistochemistry (IHC) and statistical analyses, and high gankyrin expression was correlated with poor prognosis. In addition, gankyrin facilitated the progression and ADT resistance of prostate cancer. Mechanistically, gankyrin recruited and upregulated non-POU-domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NONO) expression, resulting in increased androgen receptor (AR) expression. AR then bound to the high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) promoter to trigger HMGB1 transcription, expression, and secretion. Moreover, HMGB1 was found to promote the recruitment and activation of TAMs, which secrete IL-6 to reciprocally promote prostate cancer progression, ADT resistance and gankyrin expression via STAT3, resulting in formation of a gankyrin/NONO/AR/HMGB1/IL-6/STAT3 positive feedback loop. Furthermore, targeting the interaction between tumor cells and TAMs by blocking this loop inhibited ADT resistance in a tumor xenograft model. Taken together, the data show that gankyrin serves as a reliable prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for prostate cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Peng
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China,Department of Orthopedic, Joint Logistic Support Force No. 925 Hospital of PLA, Guiyang, China,Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China,CONTACT Chao Wang (Main corresponding author) Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Hongru Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Min Qu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keqin Dong
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA general hospital of central theater command, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongwei Yu
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuquan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic, Joint Logistic Support Force No. 925 Hospital of PLA, Guiyang, China,Central Lab of Joint Logistic Support Force No. 925 Hospital of PLA, Guiyang, China,Yuquan Jiang Department of Orthopedic Central Lab of Joint Logistic Support Force No. 925 Hospital of PLA, Guiyang, China
| | - Sishun Gan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), Shanghai, China,Sishun Gan Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China,Gao Xu Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu J, Zhang C, Zhang T, Chang CY, Wang J, Bazile L, Zhang L, Haffty BG, Hu W, Feng Z. Metabolic enzyme LDHA activates Rac1 GTPase as a noncanonical mechanism to promote cancer. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1830-1846. [PMID: 36536137 PMCID: PMC9794117 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The glycolytic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is frequently overexpressed in cancer, which promotes glycolysis and cancer. The oncogenic effect of LDHA has been attributed to its glycolytic enzyme activity. Here we report an unexpected noncanonical oncogenic mechanism of LDHA; LDHA activates small GTPase Rac1 to promote cancer independently of its glycolytic enzyme activity. Mechanistically, LDHA interacts with the active form of Rac1, Rac1-GTP, to inhibit Rac1-GTP interaction with its negative regulator, GTPase-activating proteins, leading to Rac1 activation in cancer cells and mouse tissues. In clinical breast cancer specimens, LDHA overexpression is associated with higher Rac1 activity. Rac1 inhibition suppresses the oncogenic effect of LDHA. Combination inhibition of LDHA enzyme activity and Rac1 activity by small-molecule inhibitors displays a synergistic inhibitory effect on breast cancers with LDHA overexpression. These results reveal a critical oncogenic mechanism of LDHA and suggest a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancers with LDHA overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Cen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Tianliang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Chun-Yuan Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ludvinna Bazile
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
- Department of Pathology, Princeton Medical Center, Plainsboro, NJ, USA
| | - Bruce G Haffty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Wenwei Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Zhaohui Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kanabar D, Goyal M, Kane EI, Chavan T, Kabir A, Wang X, Shukla S, Almasri J, Goswami S, Osman G, Kokolis M, Spratt DE, Gupta V, Muth A. Small-Molecule Gankyrin Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for Breast and Lung Cancer. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8975-8997. [PMID: 35758870 PMCID: PMC9524259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gankyrin is an oncoprotein responsible for the development of numerous cancer types. It regulates the expression levels of multiple tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs) in liver cancer; however, gankyrin's regulation of these TSPs in breast and lung cancers has not been thoroughly investigated. Additionally, no small-molecule gankyrin inhibitor has been developed which demonstrates potent anti-proliferative activity against gankyrin overexpressing breast and lung cancers. Herein, we are reporting the structure-based design of gankyrin-binding small molecules which potently inhibited the proliferation of gankyrin overexpressing A549 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, reduced colony formation, and inhibited the growth of 3D spheroids in an in vitro tumor simulation model. Investigations demonstrated that gankyrin inhibition occurs through either stabilization or destabilization of its 3D structure. These studies shed light on the mechanism of small-molecule inhibition of gankyrin and demonstrate that gankyrin is a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of breast and lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Kanabar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Mimansa Goyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Emma I. Kane
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester MA 01610, USA
| | - Tejashri Chavan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Abbas Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Xuechun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Snehal Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Joseph Almasri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Sona Goswami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Gizem Osman
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Marino Kokolis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Donald E. Spratt
- Gustaf H. Carlson School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester MA 01610, USA
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| | - Aaron Muth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John’s University, Queens NY 11439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu J, Yu X, Ye H, Gao S, Deng N, Lu Y, Lin H, Zhang Y, Lu D. Comparative Metabolomics and Proteomics Reveal Vibrio parahaemolyticus Targets Hypoxia-Related Signaling Pathways of Takifugu obscurus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:825358. [PMID: 35095928 PMCID: PMC8793131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.825358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) raises the issue of how hypoxia destroys normal physiological function and host immunity against pathogens. However, there are few or no comprehensive omics studies on this effect. From an evolutionary perspective, animals living in complex and changeable marine environments might develop signaling pathways to address bacterial threats under hypoxia. In this study, the ancient genomic model animal Takifugu obscurus and widespread Vibrio parahaemolyticus were utilized to study the effect. T. obscurus was challenged by V. parahaemolyticus or (and) exposed to hypoxia. The effects of hypoxia and infection were identified, and a theoretical model of the host critical signaling pathway in response to hypoxia and infection was defined by methods of comparative metabolomics and proteomics on the entire liver. The changing trends of some differential metabolites and proteins under hypoxia, infection or double stressors were consistent. The model includes transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathways, and the consistent changing trends indicated that the host liver tended toward cell proliferation. Hypoxia and infection caused tissue damage and fibrosis in the portal area of the liver, which may be related to TGF-β1 signal transduction. We propose that LRG (leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein) is widely involved in the transition of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in response to hypoxia and pathogenic infection in vertebrates as a conserved molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hangyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songze Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niuniu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyou Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,College of Ocean, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danqi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang C, Jing J, Hu X, Yu S, Yao F, Li Z, Cheng L. Gankyrin activates the hedgehog signalling to drive metastasis in osteosarcoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6232-6241. [PMID: 34089292 PMCID: PMC8366451 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gankyrin is a regulatory subunit of the 26-kD proteasome complex and promotes the occurrence and progression of many malignancies. However, the role of gankyrin in osteosarcoma (OS) metastasis remains unclear. Hedgehog signalling has been shown to regulate stem cell homeostasis and cancer metastasis, but the mechanisms that activate this pathway in OS are still poorly understood. Here, a series of in vitro and in vivo assays were carried out to explore the function and mechanism of gankyrin regulating Hedgehog signalling in OS. We demonstrated that gankyrin promotes migration, invasion and regulates the expression of some stemness factors by up-regulating Gli1 in OS. Importantly, our data showed an interaction between gankyrin and Gli1. Moreover, gankyrin suppresses the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of Gli1 protein in OS. Gankyrin also significantly promotes the lung metastasis of OS in vivo. Our findings suggest that gankyrin drives metastasis and regulates the expression of some stemness factors in osteosarcoma by activating Hedgehog signalling, indicating that drug screening for compounds targeting gankyrin may contribute to the development of novel and effective therapies for OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongchong Wang
- Department of OncologyThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Juehua Jing
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Xuyang Hu
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Shuisheng Yu
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Fei Yao
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Ziyu Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- School of pharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cucurbitacin E inhibits esophageal carcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing Rac1 expression through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:847-855. [PMID: 32568828 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As an oxygenated tetracyclic triterpenoid, Cucurbitacin E (CuE) possesses potential antitumor properties in sorts of malignancies. However, its effect on human esophageal carcinoma cells has not been previously unearthed, and the mechanism underlying its anticarcinoma activity remains vague. Hence, this study was arranged to probe the function of CuE on esophageal carcinoma cells and its specific mechanism. Human esophageal carcinoma cells (ECA109 and EC9706) and human normal esophageal epithelial cells (Het-1A) were selected for subsequent experiments. The expression levels of Rac1 in esophageal carcinoma cells were measured. After transfection of sh-Rac1 or pCDNA3.1-Rac1, esophageal carcinoma cells were exposed to CuE. Then, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining were utilized for measurement of cell proliferation ability, cell scratch assay for inspection of cell migration rate, and Transwell for detection of cell invasion ability. The phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B and mTOR were analyzed by Western blot. Rac1 was highly expressed in esophageal carcinoma cells. Transfection of sh-Rac1 in esophageal carcinoma cells resulted in suppression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as downregulated phosphorylation levels of AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in esophageal carcinoma cells, while transfection of pCDNA3.1-Rac1 had an opposite effect, implicating that Rac1 can promote the viability of esophageal carcinoma cells. Esophageal carcinoma cells subjected to CuE treatment had decreased expression of Rac1, suppressed cell viability, and decreased phosphorylation levels of AKT and mTOR. Transfection of pCDNA3.1-Rac1 and CuE treatment in esophageal carcinoma cells enhanced viability of esophageal carcinoma cells and promoted the phosphorylation levels of AKT and mTOR in comparison with cells treated with CuE alone. CuE inhibits proliferation, invasion, and migration of esophageal carcinoma cells via downregulating Rac1 to block the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kanabar D, Kabir A, Chavan T, Kong J, Yoganathan S, Muth A. Identification of novel gankyrin binding scaffolds by high throughput virtual screening. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 43:128043. [PMID: 33865970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Kanabar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Abbas Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Tejashri Chavan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Sabesan Yoganathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Aaron Muth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kanabar D, Farrales P, Kabir A, Juang D, Gnanmony M, Almasri J, Torrents N, Shukla S, Gupta V, Dukhande VV, D'Souza A, Muth A. Optimizing the aryl-triazole of cjoc42 for enhanced gankyrin binding and anti-cancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127372. [PMID: 32738965 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Gankyrin is an oncoprotein overexpressed in numerous cancer types and appears to play a key role in regulating cell proliferation, cell growth, and cell migration. These roles are largely due to gankyrin's protein-protein interaction with the 26S proteasome. We previously published a study exploring the aryl sulfonate ester of cjoc42 in an effort to enhance gankyrin binding and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In order to further improve the gankyrin binding ability of the cjoc42 scaffold, an extensive SAR for the aryl-triazole moiety of cjoc42 was developed. Our cjoc42 derivatives exhibited enhanced gankyrin binding, as well as enhanced antiproliferative activity against Hep3B, HepG2, A549, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Kanabar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Pamela Farrales
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Abbas Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Daniel Juang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Manu Gnanmony
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Joseph Almasri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Nicolas Torrents
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Snehal Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Vikas V Dukhande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Amber D'Souza
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Aaron Muth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu G, Li N, Wang W, Niu M, Feng X. p28GANK overexpression is associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:505-512. [PMID: 31897164 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-ATPase regulatory subunit 10 of the human 26S proteasome (p28GANK) has been implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression of several types of malignant tumor. The aim of the present study was to detect the expression of p28GANK in ovarian cancer (OC) and investigate its association with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of OC. The expression levels of p28GANK were determined in 114 OC tissue samples and 30 normal ovarian tissue samples using immunohistochemistry. An association was observed between p28GANK overexpression and certain clinicopathological factors, including advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage (P=0.042), residual tumor size (P=0.005) and response to chemotherapy (P<0.001). Furthermore, patients with high expression of p28GANK demonstrated worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates compared with patients with low expression of p28GANK (both P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that overexpression of p28GANK was an independent prognostic factor of OS and DFS in patients with OC (P=0.013 and P=0.001, respectively). In summary, the current results indicate that p28GANK may be a predictive marker and a therapeutic target for OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Ming Niu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Feng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Camacho-Moll ME, Macdonald J, Looijenga LHJ, Rimmer MP, Donat R, Marwick JA, Shukla CJ, Carragher N, Jørgensen A, Mitchell RT. The oncogene Gankyrin is expressed in testicular cancer and contributes to cisplatin sensitivity in embryonal carcinoma cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1124. [PMID: 31744479 PMCID: PMC6862764 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) develops from pre-malignant germ neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) cells. GCNIS originates from fetal gonocytes (POU5F1+/MAGE-A4−), which fail to differentiate to pre-spermatogonia (POU5F1−/MAGE-A4+) and undergo malignant transformation. Gankyrin is an oncogene which has been shown to prevent POU5F1 degradation and specifically interact with MAGE-A4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We aimed to investigate the role of Gankyrin in progression from gonocyte to pre-invasive GCNIS and subsequent invasive TGCC. Methods We determined Gankyrin expression in human fetal testicular tissue (gestational weeks 9–20; n = 38), human adult testicular tissue with active spermatogenesis (n = 9), human testicular tissue with germ cell maturation delay (n = 4), testicular tissue from patients with pre-invasive GCNIS (n = 6), and invasive TGCC including seminoma (n = 6) and teratoma (n = 7). Functional analysis was performed in-vitro by siRNA knock-down of Gankyrin in the NTera2 cells (derived from embryonal carcinoma). Results Germ cell expression of Gankyrin was restricted to a sub-population of prespermatogonia in human fetal testes. Nuclear Gankyrin was also expressed in GCNIS cells of childhood and adult pre-invasive TGCC patients, and in GCNIS from seminoma and non-seminoma patients. Cytoplasmic expression was observed in seminoma tumour cells and NTera2 cells. Gankyrin knock-down in NTera2 cells resulted in an increase in apoptosis mediated via the TP53 pathway, whilst POU5F1 expression was unaffected. Furthermore, Gankyrin knock-down in NTera2 cells increased cisplatin sensitivity with an increase in cell death (13%, p < 0.05) following Gankyrin knock-down, when compared to cisplatin treatment alone, likely via BAX and FAS. Our results demonstrate that Gankyrin expression changes in germ cells during normal transition from gonocyte to prespermatogonia. In addition, changes in Gankyrin localisation are associated with progression of pre-invasive GCNIS to invasive TGCC. Furthermore, we found that Gankyrin is involved in the regulation of NTera2 cell survival and that a reduction in Gankyrin expression can modulate cisplatin sensitivity. Conclusions These results suggest that manipulation of Gankyrin expression may reduce the cisplatin dose required for the treatment of TGCC, with benefits in reducing dose-dependent side effects of chemotherapy. Further studies are required in order to assess the effects of modulating Gankyrin on GCNIS/TGCC using in vivo models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Camacho-Moll
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Delegación Nuevo León, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Calle 2 de abril 501, esq. San Luis Potosí, Col. Independencia, CP, 64720, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.,Centro de Diagnóstico Molecular y Medicina Personalizada, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500 Pte, N. L, 66238, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
| | - Joni Macdonald
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - L H J Looijenga
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University, Medical Center, Cancer Center, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, Rotterdam, CN, Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael P Rimmer
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Roland Donat
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - John A Marwick
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - C J Shukla
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Neil Carragher
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anne Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9 2100 KBH Ø, Copenhagen, UK
| | - Rod T Mitchell
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Muli CS, Tian W, Trader DJ. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Proteasome's Regulatory Particle. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1739-1753. [PMID: 30740849 PMCID: PMC6765334 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cells need to synthesize and degrade proteins consistently. Maintaining a balanced level of protein in the cell requires a carefully controlled system and significant energy. Degradation of unwanted or damaged proteins into smaller peptide units can be accomplished by the proteasome. The proteasome is composed of two main subunits. The first is the core particle (20S CP), and within this core particle are three types of threonine proteases. The second is the regulatory complex (19S RP), which has a myriad of activities including recognizing proteins marked for degradation and shuttling the protein into the 20S CP to be degraded. Small-molecule inhibitors of the 20S CP have been developed and are exceptional treatments for multiple myeloma (MM). 20S CP inhibitors disrupt the protein balance, leading to cellular stress and eventually to cell death. Unfortunately, the 20S CP inhibitors currently available have dose-limiting off-target effects and resistance can be acquired rapidly. Herein, we discuss small molecules that have been discovered to interact with the 19S RP subunit or with a protein closely associated with 19S RP activity. These molecules still elicit their toxicity by preventing the proteasome from degrading proteins, but do so through different mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine S. Muli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wenzhi Tian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Darci J. Trader
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang C, Li Y, Chu CM, Zhang XM, Ma J, Huang H, Wang YN, Hong TY, Zhang J, Pan XW, Zheng JC, Jiang N, Hu CY, Ma X, Sun YH, Cui XG. Gankyrin is a novel biomarker for disease progression and prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2018; 39:255-264. [PMID: 30558998 PMCID: PMC6354735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the clinic, how to stratify renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with different risks and to accurately predict their prognostic outcome remains a crucial issue. In this study, we assessed the expression and prognostic value of gankyrin in RCC patients. METHODS The expression of gankyrin was examined in public databases and validated in specimens from two independent centers. The clinical practice and disease correlation of gankyrin in RCC were evaluated in RCC patients, various cell lines and an orthotopic RCC model. FINDINGS Upregulation of gankyrin expression in RCC was corroborated in two independent cohorts. High gankyrin expression positively associated with disease progression and metastasis of RCC patients. A positive correlation between gankyrin and sunitinib-resistance was also observed in RCC cell lines and in an orthotopic RCC model. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with higher gankyrin expression presented worse prognosis of RCC patients in the two cohorts. Gankyrin served as an independent prognostic factor for RCC patients even after multivariable adjustment by clinical variables. Time-dependent AUC and Harrell's c-index analysis presented that the incorporation of the gankyrin classifier into the current clinical prognostic parameters such as TNM stage, Fuhrman nuclear grade or SSIGN score achieved a greater accuracy than without it in predicting prognosis of RCC patients. All results were confirmed in randomized training and validation sets from the two patient cohorts. INTERPRETATION Gankyrin can serve as a reliable biomarker for disease progression and for prognosis of RCC patients. Combining gankyrin with the current clinical parameters may help patient management. FUND: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81773154, 81772747 and 81301861), Medical Discipline Construction Project of Pudong New Area Commission of Health and Family Planning (PWYgf2018-03), the Shanghai Medical Guidance (Chinese and Western Medicine) Science and Technology Support Project (No. 17411960200), Outstanding Leaders Training Program of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai (No. PWR12016-05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China; Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China; Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Chuan-Min Chu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai 201805, China; Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xiang-Min Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Road No. 2, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu-Ning Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China; Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Tian-Yu Hong
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China; Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Pan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Jing-Cun Zheng
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Chuan-Yi Hu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China.
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York 10065-4805, NY, United States..
| | - Ying-Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Xin-Gang Cui
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai 201805, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li W, Jiang LJ, Zhou XJ, Lu XZ, Liu LF, Wang S. Association of the invasiveness of colon cancer with the expression of C/EBPα. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1974-1979. [PMID: 30675263 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association of the invasiveness of colon cancer (CC) with the expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα). Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression of C/EBPα in the cancer and adjacent tissue samples from 48 patients with CC. A pCDGFP-C/EBPα eukaryotic expression vector was constructed, and a wound-healing assay was performed to observe the effect of transfection on the migration of SW480 cells. In addition, the expression levels of tumor invasion-associated proteins, including Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and E-cadherin (ECD) were detected subsequent to transfection. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that the rate of low C/EBPα expression in normal tissue was 6.25%, whereas the rate in CC tissues was 68.75%; this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The patients with lower C/EBPα expression exhibited statistically larger tumor diameters, more advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TMN) stages and a greater likelihood of lymph node metastasis. The overexpression of C/EBPα significantly reduced the mobility of SW480 cells, and the expression of KLF5, MMP-2 and MMP-9 was reduced, whereas the expression of ECD was increased. In conclusion, C/EBPα was downregulated in CC tissue samples, and associated with the TMN stage and metastasis of CC; in addition, the overexpression of C/EBPα significantly reduced the invasiveness of CC cells. This may be significant for the diagnosis and treatment of CC in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Jun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Zhou Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Long-Fei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bu Shen Yang Xue Prescription Has Treating Effect on Endometrial Cancer through FSH/PI3K/AKT/Gankyrin/HIF- α/cyclinD 1 Pathway in Ishikawa Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8412984. [PMID: 30402135 PMCID: PMC6198581 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8412984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background. The formulation of Bu Shen Yang Xue (BSYX) has been clinically used in treating gynecologic disease in China, especially for the development of the endometrium. Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract in developed countries. And few studies have been reported on the antitumor activity of BSYX. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of BSYX on endometrial cancer and make an initial discussion of the underlining mechanisms in Ishikawa cells. Methods and Results. Firstly, 60 SPF female nude mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, BSYX group, and positive group. The models of subcutaneous tumor xenograft of nude mice were established by injection of human endometrial carcinoma cell line Ishikawa tumor cell suspension. Compared with model group, BSYX reduced effectively tumor volume and changed pathological feature in mice tumor issue. Meanwhile, proteins from tumor issues were detected by western blot analysis. The protein levels of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), p-Akt/Akt, Gankyrin, and cyclinD1 in the model group were higher than those in control group but the expression in BSYX group was lower than that in the model group. The hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-α) protein level in the model group was lower than those in control group and upregulated in BSYX group. In addition, Ishikawa cells were cultured and then exposed to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LY294002, a highly selective PI3K inhibitor and serum containing BSYX, respectively. LY294002 and BSYX markedly decreased the cancer cell viability and migration ability and increased the apoptosis rate. FSH promoted the cancer cell ability and migration ability. LY294002 and BSYX evidently downregulated the proteins levels of FSHR, p-Akt/Akt, Gankyrin, and cyclinD1 and upregulated the expression of HIF-α protein, and FSH was on the opposite. Conclusions. Taken together, our results showed that the formulation of BSYX had antitumor effect on endometrial cancer in vivo and in vitro and was related with FSH/PI3K/AKT/Gankyrin/HIF-α/cyclinD1 transduction pathway.
Collapse
|
17
|
Luo D, Zhan S, Xia W, Huang L, Ge W, Wang T. Proteomics study of serum exosomes from papillary thyroid cancer patients. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:879-891. [PMID: 29895528 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is related to increased risk of recurrence and poor prognosis. Tumour exosomes have been shown to be associated with metastasis of cancer cells. Therefore, we aim to identify the characteristics and biological functions of serum exosomes in lymph node metastases of PTC. We compared proteome profiles of serum-purified exosomes (SPEs) from PTC patients with LNM, PTC patients without LNM, and healthy donors, using a combination of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy analyses and tandem mass tag label quantitation analysis. We identified 1569 proteins by two or more unique peptides. Compared with the SPEs of PTC patients without LNM, we found 697 differentially expressed proteins in the SPEs of PTC patients with LNM. Our results revealed overexpression of specific proteins with well-established links to cancer cell metastasis, such as SRC, TLN1, ITGB2 and CAPNS1. Consistent with mass spectrum results, we performed Western blot to detect the expression of these proteins in individual sample. Biological pathway analyses showed that integrin signalling was aberrantly activated in the SPEs of PTC patients with LNM compared to those without LNM. Our study reveals that SPEs of PTC patients with lymph node metastases promote BHT101 thyroid cancer cell invasiveness, but have no apparent influence on cell migration. In the serum exosomes of PTC patients with LNM, integrin-associated proteins are obviously upregulated. These proteomic findings will contribute to elucidation of the pathophysiological functions of tumour-derived exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchao Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Blood TransfusionTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu F, Lou K, Zhao X, Zhang J, Chen W, Qian Y, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. miR-214 regulates papillary thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting PSMD10. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3027-3036. [PMID: 30272290 PMCID: PMC6202080 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important effects on cancer occurrence and development by adjusting gene expression. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of miR-214 in papillary thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis, and its molecular mechanisms. miR-214 was demonstrated to be markedly downregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues and cells compared with normal, and this was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, tumor size and TNM stage. Upregulation of miR-214 significantly decreased cell proliferation, and promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines in vitro. By contrast, downregulation of miR-214 resulted in the opposite effects. In addition, miR-214 mimics significantly decreased papillary thyroid carcinoma cell migration and invasion, which was correlated with decreased expression levels of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Restoration of miR-214 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells decreased the activities associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, proteasome 26S subunit non-ATPase 10 (PSMD10) was predicted to be a target of miR-214. Experimental results demonstrated that miR-214 negatively regulated PSMD10 expression by targeting its 3′ untranslated region directly. Knockdown of PSMD10 reduced papillary thyroid carcinoma cell clone formation, migration and invasion, most likely by repressing glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β/β-catenin and AKT signaling. Finally, a negative correlation was observed between the expression levels of miR-214 and PSMD10 in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues. Taken together, these data suggested that miR-214 might be a candidate target for the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Lou
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Jia Zhang
- PET‑CT Center, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yichun Qian
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Choi S, Bhagwat AM, Al Mismar R, Goswami N, Ben Hamidane H, Sun L, Graumann J. Proteomic profiling of human cancer pseudopodia for the identification of anti-metastatic drug candidates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5858. [PMID: 29643415 PMCID: PMC5895739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis causes approximately 90% of all cancer-related death and independent of the advancement of cancer therapy, a majority of late stage patients suffers from metastatic cancer. Metastasis implies cancer cell migration and invasion throughout the body. Migration requires the formation of pseudopodia in the direction of movement, but a detailed understanding of this process and accordingly strategies of prevention remain elusive. Here, we use quantitative proteomic profiling of human cancer pseudopodia to examine this mechanisms essential to metastasis formation, and identify potential candidates for pharmacological interference with the process. We demonstrate that Prohibitins (PHBs) are significantly enriched in the pseudopodia fraction derived from cancer cells, and knockdown of PHBs, as well as their chemical inhibition through Rocaglamide (Roc-A), efficiently reduces cancer cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyu Choi
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Aditya M Bhagwat
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Rasha Al Mismar
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Neha Goswami
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, State of Qatar
| | | | - Lu Sun
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, State of Qatar. .,Scientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen Y, Zhang Y, Guo X. Proteasome dysregulation in human cancer: implications for clinical therapies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 36:703-716. [PMID: 29039081 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9704-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells show heightened dependency on the proteasome for their survival, growth, and spread. Proteasome dysregulation is therefore commonly selected in favor of the development of many types of cancer. The vast abnormalities in a cancer cell, on top of the complexity of the proteasome itself, have enabled a plethora of mechanisms gearing the proteasome to the oncogenic process. Here, we use selected examples to highlight some general mechanisms underlying proteasome dysregulation in cancer, including copy number variations, transcriptional control, epigenetic regulation, and post-translational modifications. Research in this field has greatly advanced our understanding of proteasome regulation and will shed new light on proteasome-based combination therapies for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Chen
- Life Sciences Institute of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Life Sciences Institute of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gankyrin sustains PI3K/GSK-3β/β-catenin signal activation and promotes colorectal cancer aggressiveness and progression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81156-81171. [PMID: 27835604 PMCID: PMC5348383 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of angiogenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance are major clinical features of colorectal cancer (CRC), a lethal disease with a high incidence worldwide. Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway contributes to CRC progression. However, little is known about regulatory mechanisms of the β-catenin activity in cancer progression. Here we report that Gankyrin was markedly upregulated in primary tumor tissues from CRC patients and was associated with poor survival. Moreover, we demonstrated that overexpressing Gankyrin promoted, while knockdown of Gankyrin impaired, the aggressive phenotype of proliferation, angiogenesis, chemoresistance and metastasis of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found a unique molecular mechanism of Gankyrin in CRC cells signaling transduction, that regulated the cross-talk between PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, sustaining PI3K/GSK-3β/β-catenin signal activation in CRC. Therefore, these findings not only reveal a mechanism that promotes aggressiveness and progression in CRC, but also provide insight into novel molecular targets for antitumor therapy in CRCs.
Collapse
|
22
|
Gankyrin promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in NSCLC through forming a closed circle with IL-6/ STAT3 and TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5909-5923. [PMID: 27992365 PMCID: PMC5351600 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous research showed that Gankyrin was overexpressed in NSCLC and significantly associated with clinicopathologic features and poor prognosis. In this study, we will explore potential effect of Gankyrin on EMT and metastasis in NSCLC. The ectopic higher expression of Gankyrin markedly increased the migration and invasion in NSCLC cells. In contrast, silencing Gankyrin inhibit this aggressive behavior in NSCLC cells. Further study demonstrated that overexpression of Gankyrin could decrease E-cadherin expression and increase expression of Vimentin and Twist1 at mRNA and protein levels. These data indicated that Gankyrin could facilitate occurrence and development of EMT. Also IHC analysis showed that Gankyrin expression was negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression, while positively correlated with Vimentin and Twist1 expression in NSCLC tissues. The mechanism study finally suggested that the Gankyrin-driven EMT was partially due to IL-6/p-STAT3 and TGF-β/p-SMAD3 pathways activation. Taken together, our data provided a novel mechanism of Gankyrin promoting EMT and metastasis in NSCLC through forming a closed circle with IL-6/p-STAT3 and TGF-β/p-SMAD3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
23
|
Taheri T, Jamialahmadi K, Khadijeh F. Unexpected Lower Expression of Oncoprotein Gankyrin in Drug Resistant ABCG2 Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:3413-3418. [PMID: 29286612 PMCID: PMC5980903 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.12.3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Development of a multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype to chemotherapy remains a major barrier in
the treatment of cancer. Gankyrin (p28, p28GANK or PSMD10) is an oncoprotein overexpressed in different carcinoma
cell lines. The aim of this study was to compare Gankyrin expression level in MDR cells (MCF-7/ADR and MCF-7/
MX) and non-MDR counterparts (MCF-7). Methods: Gankyrin, MDR1 (also known as ABCB1; the ATP-binding
cassette sub-family B member 1) and ABCG2 (also known as BCRP; the human breast cancer resistance protein)
mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression
levels of Gankyrin. Results: The PCR results showed that the expression of Gankyrin was significantly lower in the
ABCG2 overexpressing cell line MCF-7/MX than in non-resistanct MCF-7 cells. In contrast, there were no significant
differences in mRNA expression of Gankyrin in the MDR1 overexpressing cell line MCF-7/ADR in comparison with
MCF-7 cells. Similarly, Western blot analysis confirmed lower expression of Gankyrin protein in the MCF-7/MX cell
line (26% compared to controls) but not in MCF-7/ADR cells. Conclusion: These findings showed that there may be
a relation between down-regulation of Gankyrin and overexpression of ABCG2 but without any clear relationship with
MDR1 expression in breast cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taheri Taheri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Payam Noor University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Royan Institute for Stem cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Parkin targets HIF-1α for ubiquitination and degradation to inhibit breast tumor progression. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1823. [PMID: 29180628 PMCID: PMC5703960 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01947-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin have been linked to familial Parkinson’s disease. Accumulating evidence suggests that Parkin is a tumor suppressor, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here we show that Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase for hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Parkin interacts with HIF-1α and promotes HIF-1α degradation through ubiquitination, which in turn inhibits metastasis of breast cancer cells. Parkin downregulation in breast cancer cells promotes metastasis, which can be inhibited by targeting HIF-1α with RNA interference or the small-molecule inhibitor YC-1. We further identify lysine 477 (K477) of HIF-1α as a major ubiquitination site for Parkin. K477R HIF-1α mutation and specific cancer-associated Parkin mutations largely abolish the functions of Parkin to ubiquitinate HIF-1α and inhibit cancer metastasis. Importantly, Parkin expression is inversely correlated with HIF-1α expression and metastasis in breast cancer. Our results reveal an important mechanism for Parkin in tumor suppression and HIF-1α regulation. Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in Parkinson’s disease. Parkin has also been linked to cancer suppression but the mechanisms are unclear. Here the authors show that Parkin regulates HIF-1α through ubiquitin-dependent degradation, thus inhibiting metastasis of breast cancer cells.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zamani P, Matbou Riahi M, Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Jamialahmadi K. Gankyrin: a novel promising therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:1301-1313. [PMID: 29025272 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1388250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known as fifth common malignancies and third common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The identification of various mechanisms which are involved in hepatocarcinogenesis contributes in finding a variety of cellular and molecular targets for HCC diagnosis, prevention and therapy. Among various identified targets in HCC pathogenesis, Gankyrin is a crucial oncoprotein that is up-regulated in HCC and plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of the HCC. Oncogenic role of Gankyrin has been found to stem from inhibition of two ubiquitous tumour suppressor proteins, retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and P53, and also modulation of several vital cellular signalling pathways including Wnt/β-Catenin, NF-κB, STAT3/Akt, IL-1β/IRAK-1 and RhoA/ROCK. As a result, Gankyrin can be considered as a potential candidate for diagnosis and treatment of HCC. In this review, we summarized the physiological function and the significant role of Gankyrin as an important therapeutic target in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Zamani
- a Department of Medical Biotechnology , Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Maryam Matbou Riahi
- a Department of Medical Biotechnology , Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- b Nanotechnology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran.,c Department of Medical Biotechnology , Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Khadijeh Jamialahmadi
- a Department of Medical Biotechnology , Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran.,d Biotechnology Research Center , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Du S, Qin W, Leng H, Chen Z, Zhang T. Construction of a recombinant lentivirus-mediated shRNA expression vector targeting the human PSMD10 gene and validation of RNAi efficiency in RPMI‑8226 multiple myeloma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:809-818. [PMID: 28677774 PMCID: PMC5561814 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is one of the most common malignant blood cancers. Previous studies have reported that proteasome 26S subunit non-ATPase 10 (PSMD10) is an oncoprotein with complex roles in hepatocellular carcinoma and other malignant tumors. Notably, research on the relationship between PSMD10 and tumorigenesis of MM has rarely been reported. The present study was designed to explore the possibility of PSMD10 as a therapeutic target in the treatment of MM, and the use of RNA interference (RNAi) to determine the function PSMD10. A recombinant lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting human PSMD10 mRNA was constructed and used to decrease endogenous PSMD10 expression in the MM RPMI-8226 cell line in vitro. Expression of the PSMD10-targeting shRNA in RPMI-8226 cells transduced with the recombinant vector could be tracked by observing the expression of green fluorescent protein after infection. A transient transgenic RPMI-8226 cell line was generated by transducing cells with the packaged viral particles. Western blot analysis indicated that the protein levels of PSMD10 in the PSMD10-shRNA MM cells were significantly lower than those in the cells transduced with the negative control shRNA. Notably, RT-qPCR analysis did not reveal a marked change in the PSMD10 mRNA level; thus, the knockdown effect of the PSMD10-shRNA may occur during translation. Furthermore, apoptosis of MM cells was increased by silencing PSMD10 expression. Overall, the results demonstrated that the lentivirus-mediated shRNA vector-based RNAi expression system is an efficient method to silence PSMD10 gene expression in the MM RPMI-8226 cell line. It may provide a basis to study the role of PSMD10 in tumor cells, and may be a reliable gene therapy strategy in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Du
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Jingan, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wenjiao Qin
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Jingan, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Leng
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Jingan, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zi Chen
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Jingan, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Jingan, Shanghai, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zeng YC, Sun D, Li WH, Zhao J, Xin Y. Gankyrin promotes the proliferation of gastric cancer and is associated with chemosensitivity. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317704820. [PMID: 28653901 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317704820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Can Zeng
- The Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, Department of Tumor Pathology of General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Sun
- The Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, Department of Tumor Pathology of General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen-Hui Li
- The Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, Department of Tumor Pathology of General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, Department of Tumor Pathology of General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Xin
- The Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, Department of Tumor Pathology of General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang XH, Chen ZG, Xu RL, Lv CQ, Liu J, Du B. TGF-β1 signaling pathway serves a role in HepG2 cell regulation by affecting the protein expression of PCNA, gankyrin, p115, XIAP and survivin. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3239-3246. [PMID: 28529566 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway serves a key role in the pathogenesis of liver cancer. To investigate the association between TGF-β1 and the following proteins: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), gankyrin, general vesicular transport factor p115 (p115), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and survivin, HepG2 liver cancer cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against TGF-β1, or were treated with exogenous TGF-β1. TGF-β1 protein expression levels were assessed at 72 and 96 h using western blotting, cell growth was evaluated using a Cell Counting kit-8 assay, and flow cytometry was used to examine cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. In addition, PCNA, gankyrin, p115, XIAP and survivin protein levels were evaluated using western blotting. TGF-β1 protein expression levels were decreased at 72 and 96 h following siRNA transfection, indicating that the siRNA against TGF-β1 was effective. In the TGF-β1-knockdown group, the HepG2 cells exhibited G1 or S-phase cell cycle arrest; therefore, the number of G2-phase cells was decreased, cell growth was inhibited and apoptotic peaks were observed. By contrast, no significant alteration in cell cycle distribution or apoptosis was observed in the cells treated with exogenous TGF-β1. In the exogenous TGF-β1 group, PCNA and XIAP protein expression levels were increased, whereas gankyrin, p115 and survivin protein expression was observed to be dependent on the duration of treatment. By contrast, PCNA, gankyrin, XIAP and survivin protein expression decreased following TGF-β1 knockdown; however, p115 protein expression increased. In conclusion, the TGF-β1 signaling pathway may affect cell growth, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis through the regulation of PCNA, gankyrin, p115, XIAP and survivin protein expression in liver cancer. The results of the present study may improve the current understanding of the role of the TGF-β signaling pathway during the pathogenesis of liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Guo Chen
- Center of Educational Technology and Information, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Qian Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Bing Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ma Q, Yang Y, Feng D, Zheng S, Meng R, Fa P, Zhao C, Liu H, Song R, Tao T, Yang L, Dai J, Wang S, Jiang WG, He J. MAGI3 negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and suppresses malignant phenotypes of glioma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35851-65. [PMID: 26452219 PMCID: PMC4742146 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancies and are associated with a poor prognosis. Here, we showed that the PDZ domain-containing protein membrane-associated guanylate kinase inverted 3 (MAGI3) was downregulated at the both mRNA and protein levels in human glioma samples. MAGI3 inhibited proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression of glioma cells in its overexpression and knockdown studies. By using GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays, we found that MAGI3 bound to β-catenin through its PDZ domains and the PDZ-binding motif of β-catenin. MAGI3 overexpression inhibited β-catenin transcriptional activity via its interaction with β-catenin. Consistently, MAGI3 overexpression in glioma cells C6 suppressed expression of β-catenin target genes including Cyclin D1 and Axin2, whereas MAGI3 knockdown in glioma cells U373 and LN229 enhanced their expression. MAGI3 overexpression decreased growth of C6 subcutaneous tumors in mice, and inhibited expression of β-catenin target genes in xenograft tumors. Furthermore, analysis based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) glioma dataset showed association of MAGI3 expression with overall survival and tumor grade. Finally, we demonstrated negative correlation between MAGI3 expression and activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling through GSEA of three public glioma datasets and immunohistochemical staining of clinical glioma samples. Taken together, these results identify MAGI3 as a novel tumor suppressor and provide insight into the pathogenesis of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Duiping Feng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Pengyan Fa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chunjuan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ran Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Longyan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Capital Medical University-Cardiff University Joint Centre for Biomedical Research, Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Capital Medical University-Cardiff University Joint Centre for Biomedical Research, Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Metastasis and Angiogenesis Research Group, Department of Surgery, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, U.K
| | - Junqi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Capital Medical University-Cardiff University Joint Centre for Biomedical Research, Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pei T, Li Y, Wang J, Wang H, Liang Y, Shi H, Sun B, Yin D, Sun J, Song R, Pan S, Sun Y, Jiang H, Zheng T, Liu L. YAP is a critical oncogene in human cholangiocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17206-20. [PMID: 26015398 PMCID: PMC4627302 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcriptional co-activator, has important regulatory roles in cell signaling and is dysregulated in a number of cancers. However, the role of YAP in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) progression remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that YAP was overexpressed in CCA cells and human specimens. High levels of nuclear YAP (nYAP) correlated with histological differentiation, TNM stage, metastasis and poor prognosis in CCA. Silencing YAP increased tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy and inhibited CCA tumorigenesis and metastasis both in vivo and in vitro. YAP overexpression in vivo and in vitro promoted CCA tumorigenesis and metastasis. Additionally, we found that YAP induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and formed a regulatory circuit with miR-29c, IGF1, AKT and gankyrin to promote the progression of CCA. Results of CCA tissue microarray showed positive correlations between nYAP and gankyrin or p-AKT expression. Combination of nYAP and gankyrin or p-AKT exhibited improved prognostic accuracy for CCA patients. In conclusion, YAP promotes carcinogenesis and metastasis by up-regulating gankyrin through activation of the AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiemin Pei
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuejin Li
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huanlai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of General Surgery, Qiqihaer City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qiqihaer, China
| | - Yingjian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huawen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Boshi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dalong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruipeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shangha Pan
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongchi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tongsen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gankyrin regulates cell signaling network. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:5675-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
32
|
Clinicopathologic features and prognostic implications of Gankyrin protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2015; 211:939-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
33
|
LIU RUI, WANG WENJIE, DAI BINGLING, LIU YANPING, ZHANG YANMIN. Taspine derivative TAS9 regulates cell growth and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7735-41. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
34
|
Uddin MH, Choi MH, Kim WH, Jang JJ, Hong ST. Involvement of PSMD10, CDK4, and Tumor Suppressors in Development of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma of Syrian Golden Hamsters Induced by Clonorchis sinensis and N-Nitrosodimethylamine. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004008. [PMID: 26313366 PMCID: PMC4551803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clonorchis sinensis is a group-I bio-carcinogen for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Although the epidemiological evidence links clonorchiasis and CCA, the underlying molecular mechanism involved in this process is poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, including PSMD10, CDK4, p53 and RB in C. sinensis induced hamster CCA model. Methods Different histochemical/immunohistochemical techniques were performed to detect CCA in 4 groups of hamsters: uninfected control (Ctrl.), infected with C. sinensis (Cs), ingested N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), and both Cs infected and NDMA introduced (Cs+NDMA). The liver tissues from all groups were analyzed for gene/protein expressions by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blotting. Principal Findings CCA was observed in all hamsters of Cs+NDMA group with well, moderate, and poorly differentiated types measured in 21.8% ± 1.5%, 13.3% ± 1.3%, and 10.8% ± 1.3% of total tissue section areas respectively. All CCA differentiations progressed in a time dependent manner, starting from the 8th week of infection. CCA stroma was characterized with increased collagen type I, mucin, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The qPCR analysis showed PSMD10, CDK4 and p16INK4 were over-expressed, whereas p53 was under-expressed in the Cs+NDMA group. We observed no change in RB1 at mRNA level but found significant down-regulation of RB protein. The apoptosis related genes, BAX and caspase 9 were found downregulated in the CCA tissue. Gene/protein expressions were matched well with the pathological changes of different groups except the NDMA group. Though the hamsters in the NDMA group showed no marked pathological lesions, we observed over-expression of Akt/PKB and p53 genes proposing molecular interplay in this group which might be related to the CCA initiation in this animal model. Conclusions/Significance The present findings suggest that oncogenes, PSMD10 and CDK4, and tumor suppressors, p53 and RB, are involved in the carcinogenesis process of C. sinensis induced CCA in hamsters. Clonorchis sinensis is a helminth parasite and a carcinogenic agent for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or bile duct cancer in humans. Though a large and compelling body of evidence suggests an association between C. sinensis and CCA, the mechanism underlying at the genetic/proteomic level is little known. To explore the underlying molecular mechanism we investigated a number of genes/proteins in C. sinensis induced hamster CCA model. Here C. sinensis induced CCA successfully in all hamsters when introduced with N-nitrosodimethylamine. The histopathology confirmed the development of CCA and detected excessive collagen fibers, mucin and cell division related protein. The quantitative PCR analysis showed increased levels of oncogenes PSMD10, CDK4 and decreased level of tumor suppressor gene p53. The western blot analysis observed significant decrease of another tumor suppressor called RB protein. Genes/protein expressions were matched well with the pathological changes of CCA hamster. The present study suggests that oncogenes, PSMD10 and CDK4, and tumor suppressors gene p53 and protein RB, are involved in the carcinogenesis process of C. sinensis induced CCA in hamsters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Hafiz Uddin
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Choi
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-June Jang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Hong
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chapman AM, McNaughton BR. Synthetic Proteins Potently and Selectively Bind the Oncoprotein Gankyrin, Modulate Its Interaction with S6 ATPase, and Suppress Gankyrin/MDM2-Dependent Ubiquitination of p53. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1880-6. [PMID: 25955581 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the ankyrin repeat oncoprotein gankyrin is directly linked to the onset, proliferation, and/or metastasis of many cancers. The role of gankyrin in multiple disease-relevant biochemical processes is profound. In addition to other cellular processes, gankyrin overexpression leads to decreased cellular levels of p53, through a complex that involves MDM2. Thus, inhibition of this interaction is an attractive strategy for modulating oncogenic phenotypes in gankyrin-overexpressing cells. However, the lack of well-defined, hydrophobic, small-molecule binding pockets on the putative ankyrin repeat binding face presents a challenge to traditional small-molecule drug discovery. In contrast, by virtue of their size and relatively high folding energies, synthetic gankyrin-binding proteins could, in principle, compete with physiologically relevant PPIs involving gankyrin. Previously, we showed that a shape-complementary protein scaffold can be resurfaced to bind gankyrin with moderate affinity (KD ∼6 μM). Here, we used yeast display high-throughput screening, error-prone PCR, DNA shuffling, and protein engineering to optimize this complex. The best of these proteins bind gankyrin with excellent affinity (KD ∼21 nM), selectively co-purifies with gankyrin from a complex cellular milieu, modulates an interaction between gankyrin and a physiological binding partner (S6 ATPase), and suppresses gankyrin/MDM2-dependent ubiquitination of p53.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Chapman
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Brian R. McNaughton
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhao X, Fu J, Xu A, Yu L, Zhu J, Dai R, Su B, Luo T, Li N, Qin W, Wang B, Jiang J, Li S, Chen Y, Wang H. Gankyrin drives malignant transformation of chronic liver damage-mediated fibrosis via the Rac1/JNK pathway. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1751. [PMID: 25950481 PMCID: PMC4669699 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocarcinogenesis is a complex process involving chronic liver injury, inflammation, unregulated wound healing, subsequent fibrosis and carcinogenesis. To decipher the molecular mechanism underlying transition from chronic liver injury to dysplasia, we investigated the oncogenic role of gankyrin (PSMD10 or p28GANK) during malignant transformation in a transgenic mouse model. Here, we find that gankyrin increased in patients with cirrhosis. In addition to more severe liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis after DEN plus CCl4 treatment, hepatocyte-specific gankyrin-overexpressing mice (gankyrinhep) exhibited malignant transformation from liver fibrosis to tumors even under single CCl4 administration, whereas wild-type mice merely experienced fibrosis. Consistently, enhanced hepatic injury, severe inflammation and strengthened compensatory proliferation occurred in gankyrinhep mice during CCl4 performance. This correlated with augmented expressions of cell cycle-related genes and abnormal activation of Rac1/c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Pharmacological inhibition of the Rac1/JNK pathway attenuated hepatic fibrosis and prevented CCl4-induced carcinogenesis in gankyrinhep mice. Together, these findings suggest that gankyrin promotes liver fibrosis/cirrhosis progression into hepatocarcinoma relying on a persistent liver injury and inflammatory microenvironment. Blockade of Rac1/JNK activation impeded gankyrin-mediated hepatocytic malignant transformation, indicating the combined inhibition of gankyrin and Rac1/JNK as a potential prevention mechanism for cirrhosis transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- 1] Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China [2] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - J Fu
- 1] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [2] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - A Xu
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - L Yu
- 1] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [2] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - J Zhu
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - R Dai
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - B Su
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - T Luo
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - N Li
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - W Qin
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - B Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - J Jiang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - S Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Antomation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Chen
- 1] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [2] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - H Wang
- 1] Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China [2] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [3] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China [4] State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Cancer Institute of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tang S, Qin J, Liu W, Zheng X, Wu X, Xu H, Qiao L, Fan Q, Zeng W, Jiang M. Overexpression of p28GANK accelerates the metastasis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4291-6. [PMID: 25634618 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of p28GANK expression on the metastasis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and to investigate its roles in the metastasis of highly invasive and non‑invasive ESCC cell lines. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess p28GANK mRNA and protein expression in ESCC tissues and to analyse its significance in ESCC metastasis. qPCR and western blot analyses were used to detect p28GANK mRNA and protein expression in highly invasive and non‑invasive cell lines. Subsequently, lentivirus‑mediated p28GANK short interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into highly invasive ESCC cells, and Transwell assays were performed to analyse the effects of p28GANK knockdown on their migration and invasion. The mean expression levels of p28GANK mRNA in the ESCC tissues of patients with metastasis were significantly higher than those in the ESCC specimens from patients without metastasis. p28GANK expression in ESCC tissues was correlated with T‑stage, lymph node metastasis and lymphatic invasion. The mRNA and protein expression levels of p28GANK were significantly higher in highly invasive cell lines compared with those of matched, non‑invasive cell lines. Lentivirus‑mediated siRNA knockdown of p28GANK markedly decreased p28GANK expression in EC109‑P and EC9706‑P cells and supressed the metastasis of ESCC cells in vitro. In conclusion, p28GANK expression was increased in metastatic ESCC tissues and cells, and p28GANK knockdown decreased the metastatic ability of ESCC cells. These results suggested that p28GANK may be a potential therapeutic marker for ESCC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanhong Tang
- Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Qin
- Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Weihui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Xiushan Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Qiao
- Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Quanshui Fan
- Prevention and Control Centre of Disease of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Weizheng Zeng
- Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Mingde Jiang
- Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chapman AM, Rogers BE, McNaughton BR. Characterization of the binding interaction between the oncoprotein gankyrin and a grafted S6 ATPase. Biochemistry 2014; 53:6857-9. [PMID: 25343477 PMCID: PMC4230329 DOI: 10.1021/bi5012354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A complex with the C-terminal portion of the proteosomal subunit S6 ATPase is the only available structure of a protein-protein interaction involving the oncoprotein gankyrin. However, difficulties associated with recombinant expression of S6 ATPase alone, or truncations thereof, have limited our understanding of this assembly. We replaced the C-terminal portion of FtsH from Escherichia coli with the structurally homologous C-terminal portion of S6 ATPase and used this grafted protein to characterize the gankyrin-S6 ATPase binding interaction by isothermal titration calorimetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Chapman
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chapman AM, McNaughton BR. Resurfaced shape complementary proteins that selectively bind the oncoprotein gankyrin. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2223-8. [PMID: 25137482 PMCID: PMC4201333 DOI: 10.1021/cb5003834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Increased cellular levels of protein-protein interactions involving the ankyrin repeat oncoprotein gankyrin are directly linked to aberrant cellular events and numerous cancers. Inhibition of these protein-protein interactions is thus an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, the relatively featureless topology of gankyrin's putative binding face and large surface areas involved in gankyrin-dependent protein-protein interactions present a dramatic challenge to small molecule discovery. The size, high folding energies, and well-defined surfaces present in many proteins overcome some of the challenges faced by small molecule discovery. We used split-superpositive Green Fluorescent Protein (split-spGFP) reassembly to screen a 5×10(9) library of resurfaced proteins that are shape complementary to the putative binding face of gankyrin and identified mutants that potently and selectively bind this oncoprotein in vitro and in living cells. Collectively, our findings represent the first synthetic proteins that bind gankyrin and may represent a general strategy for developing protein basic research tools and drug leads that bind disease-relevant ankyrin repeats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Chapman
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Brian R. McNaughton
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li J, Tian F, Li D, Chen J, Jiang P, Zheng S, Li X, Wang S. MiR-605 represses PSMD10/Gankyrin and inhibits intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell progression. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:3491-500. [PMID: 25131931 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aberrant expression of PSMD10 has important functions in various malignancies. This study showed that PSMD10 was highly expressed and inversely correlated with the expression of miR-605 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) specimens. MiR-605 directly targeted and repressed PSMD10 expression. In addition, over-expression of miR-605 inhibited ICC cell progression both in vitro and in vivo. This effect of miR-605 on ICC cells was similar to that of PSMD10 knock-down by RNAi. Moreover, restoration of PSMD10 could reverse the phenotypic alteration caused by miR-605 in ICC cells. These results suggest a new therapeutic strategy in ICC by restoring miR-605, which is regulated by p53.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dajiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaowu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang C, Lu S, Jiang J, Jia X, Dong X, Bu P. Hsa-microRNA-101 suppresses migration and invasion by targeting Rac1 in thyroid cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1815-1821. [PMID: 25202416 PMCID: PMC4156273 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 22- to 25-nucleotide non-coding RNA molecules that function as negative regulators of gene expression. In previous years, increasing evidence has arisen implicating the involvement of miRNAs in carcinogenesis. In previous studies, the role of miRNA-101 (miR-101) in tumors has been identified as a tumor suppressor and, until now, the role of miR-101 and Rac1 in thyroid cancer has remained undefined. This study revealed that miR-101 is significantly downregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissue and thyroid cancer cell lines, and that the downregulated miR-101 is associated with lymph node metastasis. Infection with the miR-101 murine stem cell virus may markedly inhibit cell migration and invasion in TPC-1 and HTH83 thyroid cancer cell lines. Rac1 was demonstrated to be negatively regulated by miR-101 at the post-transcriptional level, via a specific target site within the 3' untranslated region by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expression of Rac1 was also observed to inversely correlate with miR-101 expression in PTC tissues; knockdown of Rac1 by shRNA inhibited thyroid cancer cell migration and invasion, resembling that of miR-101 overexpression. Thus, these findings suggested that miR-101 acts as a novel suppressor by targeting the Rac1 gene and inhibiting thyroid cancer cell migration and invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Sijia Lu
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Jixin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Jiangsu Subei Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Jia
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Dong
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Bu
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang Y, Zhan Y, Zhang D, Dai B, Ma W, Qi J, Liu R, He L. Eupolyphaga sinensis walker displays inhibition on hepatocellular carcinoma through regulating cell growth and metastasis signaling. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5518. [PMID: 24980220 PMCID: PMC4076680 DOI: 10.1038/srep05518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth and metastasis are responsible for most cancer patients' deaths. Here, we report that eupolyphaga sinensis walker has an essential role in resisting hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis. Compared with proliferation, colony formation, transwell assay and transplantable tumor in nude mouse in vitro and vivo, eupolyphaga sinensis walker extract (ESWE) showed good inhibition on the SMMC-7721 cell growth and metastasis. Using genome-wide microarray analysis, we found the down-regulated growth and metastasis factors, and selected down-regulated genes were confirmed by real-time PCR. Knockdown of a checkpoint PKCβ by siRNA significantly attenuated tumor inhibition and metastasis effects of ESWE. Moreover, our results indicate ESWE inhibits HCC growth by not only downregulating the signaling of PKCβ, Akt, m-TOR, Erk1/2, MEK-2, Raf and JNK-1, but also increasing cyclin D1 protein levels and decreasing amount of cyclin E, cyclin B1 and cdc2 of the cycle proteins. At the same time, ESWE reduced MMP2, MMP9 and CXCR4, PLG, NFκB and P53 activities. Overall, our studies demonstrate that ESWE is a key factor in growth and metastasis signaling inhibitor targeting the PKC, AKT, MAPK signaling and related metastasis signaling, having potential in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yingzhuan Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Bingling Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Weina Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Junpeng Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Arora R, Yates C, Gary BD, McClellan S, Tan M, Xi Y, Reed E, Piazza GA, Owen LB, Dean-Colomb W. Panepoxydone targets NF-kB and FOXM1 to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and reverse epithelial to mesenchymal transition in breast cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98370. [PMID: 24896091 PMCID: PMC4045585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly diverse group that is associated with an aggressive phenotype. Its treatment has been challenging due to its heterogeneity and absence of well-defined molecular targets. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify novel agents with therapeutic application. NF-κB is over-expressed in many breast cancers; thus, inactivation of the NF-κB pathway could serve as a therapeutic target. Here we report for the first time the anti-tumor activity of panepoxydone (PP), a NF-κB inhibitor isolated from an edible mushroom, in several breast cancer cell lines. METHODS We investigated the effects of PP on cell growth, migration-invasion, apoptosis and EMT-related proteins expression in MCF-7 and TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-453. RESULTS Significant antitumor activity was seen in all cell lines, with differential responses noted in cell-line specific manner. Treatment with PP resulted in significant cytotoxicity, decreased invasion, migration and increased apoptosis in all cell lines tested. Up-regulation of Bax and cleaved PARP and down-regulation of Bcl-2, survivin, cyclin D1 and caspase 3 were noted in PP-treated breast cancer cells. The antitumor effect of PP appeared related to its ability to inhibit the phosphorylation of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) with cytoplasmic accumulation. PP treatment also down-regulated FOXM1 which resulted in a reversal of EMT. Similar results were obtained after silencing of NF-kB and FOXM1. CONCLUSION Altogether, these studies show, for the first time the antitumor activity of PP against breast cancer cells, in particular TNBC cells. Furthermore, it highlights the concept that optimal treatment of TNBC warrants attention to the differential sensitivity of various TNBC subtypes to therapeutic agents. These results suggest that the PP may be a potentially effective chemopreventive or therapeutic agent against breast cancer. However, additional studies are required to more fully elucidate the mechanism of antitumor effect of PP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Arora
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Bernard D. Gary
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Steven McClellan
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Ming Tan
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Yaguang Xi
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Eddie Reed
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Gary A. Piazza
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Laurie B. Owen
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Windy Dean-Colomb
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu Y, Zhang J, Qian W, Dong Y, Yang Y, Liu Z, Feng Y, Ma D, Zhang Z, Wu S. Gankyrin is frequently overexpressed in cervical high grade disease and is associated with cervical carcinogenesis and metastasis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95043. [PMID: 24751719 PMCID: PMC3994022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have showed that Gankyrin expression is correlated with a malignant phenotype in endometrial carcinoma. Here, we investigated the possible role of Gankyrin in cervical disease. The increasing protein level of Gankyrin was observed in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma compared with benign cervical tissues and low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. In para-carcinoma tissues, it was found interestingly that there was no lymph node metastasis when nuclei Gankyrin was positively expressed, but lymph node metastasis rate was 30% (6/20) when nuclei Gankyrin was negatively expressed. In vitro, the transfection of Gankyrin resulted in markedly up-regulating of Vimentin, β-catenin and Twist2, as well as down-regulating of E-cadherin in cervical carcinoma cells. Our results suggested that Gankyrin may be functional in cervical carcinogenesis and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Qian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongbin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Youji Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Medical Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenbo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (SW); (ZZ)
| | - Sufang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (SW); (ZZ)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zheng T, Hong X, Wang J, Pei T, Liang Y, Yin D, Song R, Song X, Lu Z, Qi S, Liu J, Sun B, Xie C, Pan S, Li Y, Luo X, Li S, Fang X, Bhatta N, Jiang H, Liu L. Gankyrin promotes tumor growth and metastasis through activation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling in human cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 2014; 59:935-46. [PMID: 24037855 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although gankyrin is involved in the tumorigenicity and metastasis of some malignancies, the role of gankyrin in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is unclear. In this study we investigated the expression of gankyrin in human CCA tissues and cell lines. The effects of gankyrin on CCA tumor growth and metastasis were determined both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that gankyrin was overexpressed in CCA tissues and cell lines. Gankyrin expression was associated with CCA histological differentiation, TNM stage, and metastasis. The multivariate Cox analysis revealed that gankyrin was an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival. Gankyrin overexpression promoted CCA cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while gankyrin knockdown inhibited CCA tumor growth, metastasis, and induced Rb-dependent senescence and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Gankyrin increased the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and promoted the nuclear translocation of p-STAT3. Suppression of STAT3 signaling by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or STAT3 inhibitor interfered with gankyrin-mediated carcinogenesis and metastasis, while interleukin (IL)-6, a known upstream activator of STAT3, could restore the proliferation and migration of gankyrin-silenced CCA cells. The IL-6 level was decreased by gankyrin knockdown, while increased by gankyrin overexpression. Gankyrin regulated IL-6 expression by way of facilitating the phosphorylation of Rb; meanwhile, rIL-6 treatment increased the expression of gankyrin, suggesting that IL-6 was regulated by a positive feedback loop involving gankyrin in CCA. In the xenograft experiments, gankyrin overexpression accelerated tumor formation and increased tumor weight, whereas gankyrin knockdown showed the opposite effects. The in vivo spontaneous metastasis assay revealed that gankyrin promoted CCA metastasis through IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Gankyrin is crucial for CCA carcinogenesis and metastasis by activating IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway through down-regulating Rb protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongsen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zheng JY, Hu H, Du JJ, Li XH, Zhao QC. p28GANK is a novel marker for prognosis and therapeutic target in gastric cancer. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s002689331401018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
47
|
Nanaware PP, Ramteke MP, Somavarapu AK, Venkatraman P. Discovery of multiple interacting partners of gankyrin, a proteasomal chaperone and an oncoprotein--evidence for a common hot spot site at the interface and its functional relevance. Proteins 2014; 82:1283-300. [PMID: 24338975 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gankyrin, a non-ATPase component of the proteasome and a chaperone of proteasome assembly, is also an oncoprotein. Gankyrin regulates a variety of oncogenic signaling pathways in cancer cells and accelerates degradation of tumor suppressor proteins p53 and Rb. Therefore gankyrin may be a unique hub integrating signaling networks with the degradation pathway. To identify new interactions that may be crucial in consolidating its role as an oncogenic hub, crystal structure of gankyrin-proteasome ATPase complex was used to predict novel interacting partners. EEVD, a four amino acid linear sequence seems a hot spot site at this interface. By searching for EEVD in exposed regions of human proteins in PDB database, we predicted 34 novel interactions. Eight proteins were tested and seven of them were found to interact with gankyrin. Affinity of four interactions is high enough for endogenous detection. Others require gankyrin overexpression in HEK 293 cells or occur endogenously in breast cancer cell line- MDA-MB-435, reflecting lower affinity or presence of a deregulated network. Mutagenesis and peptide inhibition confirm that EEVD is the common hot spot site at these interfaces and therefore a potential polypharmacological drug target. In MDA-MB-231 cells in which the endogenous CLIC1 is silenced, trans-expression of Wt protein (CLIC1_EEVD) and not the hot spot site mutant (CLIC1_AAVA) resulted in significant rescue of the migratory potential. Our approach can be extended to identify novel functionally relevant protein-protein interactions, in expansion of oncogenic networks and in identifying potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Padma P Nanaware
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gao L, Xie H, Dong L, Zou J, Fu J, Gao X, Ou L, Xiang S, Song H. Gankyrin is essential for hypoxia enhanced metastatic potential in breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:1032-6. [PMID: 24337075 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a critical regulator of tumor growth and metastasis, induces the transcriptional activation of several pathways involved in proliferation, migration and invasion. Gankyrin was found to be overexpressed, and also promoted the metastasis in breast cancer cells, which is also involved in the regulation of hypoxia inducible factor‑1 and hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α. The present study showed that gankyrin mRNA and protein expression were increased under hypoxic conditions in the BT474 breast cancer cell line, accompanied with increased ability of cell migration and invasion. Lentivirus‑mediated siRNA targeting gankyrin was transfected into BT474 cells. Wound‑healing and transwell experiments showed that gankyrin deletion abrogated the increased migration and invasion of BT474 cells due to hypoxia. In addition, E‑cadherin was found to be involved in the gankyrin induced invasion of breast cancer cells due to hypoxia. The present study indicated that gankyrin deletion abrogated the increased metastatic potential of breast cancer cells under hypoxic conditions partly through regulating E‑cadherin, suggesting that an improved understanding of gankyrin may offer a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of human breast cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liucun Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huahong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Lihou Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jia Zou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lun Ou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shensi Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|