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Xu Y, Du N, Xu L, Zhao L, Fan T, Wei T, Pu Q, Liu S. Let-7 microRNA targets BmCentrin to modulate the development and functionality of the middle silk gland in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38812265 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The silk gland of the silkworm Bombyx mori serves as a valuable model for investigating the morphological structure and physiological functions of organs. Previous studies have demonstrated the notable regulatory role of let-7 microRNA in the silk gland, but its specific molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated across different segments of this organ. In this study, we further investigated the functional mechanism of let-7 in the middle silk gland (MSG). The MSG of a let-7 knockout strain was analyzed using a combined proteomic and metabolomic technique, revealing the enrichment of differential proteins and metabolites in the DNA synthesis and energy metabolism pathways. BmCentrin was identified as a novel target gene of let-7 in the MSG, and its downregulation inhibited the proliferation of BmN4-SID1 cells, which is exactly opposite to the role of let-7 in these cells. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and transgenic technologies were employed to manipulate BmCentrin in the MSG. Knockout of BmCentrin led to severe MSG atrophy, whereas the overexpression of BmCentrin resulted in beaded MSG. Further measurements of these knockout or overexpression strains revealed significant changes in the expression levels of sericin protein genes, the weight of the cocoon and the mechanical properties of the silk. Investigating the biological role of BmCentrin in the silk gland offers valuable insights for elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which let-7 controls silk gland development and silk protein synthesis in the silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Du
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lili Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianqi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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2
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Long X, Jiang H, Liu Z, Liu J, Hu R. Long noncoding RNA LINC00675 drives malignancy in acute myeloid leukemia via the miR-6809 -CDK6 axis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155221. [PMID: 38422911 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a low cure rate and a high recurrence rate. Long noncoding RNAs (LNCs) are essential regulators of tumorigenesis and progression. The role of lncRNA LINC00675 in AML has rarely been reported. This study revealed elevated LINC00675 expression in AML that promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. Mechanistically, LINC00675 combines with miR-6809 to promote the expression of CDK6 in vitro and in vivo. Immune-checkpoint genes were expressed more highly in LINC00675-high patients. A high level of LINC00675 expression may make patients more susceptible to palbociclib treatments. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that LINC00675 is an oncogenic lncRNA that enhances the malignancy of AML by upregulating CDK6 expression through miR-6809 sponging, providing a new perspective and feasible target for the diagnosis and treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Long
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huinan Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Zhuogang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China.
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3
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Salehi A. A novel therapeutic strategy: the significance of exosomal miRNAs in acute myeloid leukemia. Med Oncol 2024; 41:62. [PMID: 38253748 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fast-growing blood cancer that interferes with the normal growth of blood cells in the bone marrow and blood. It is characterized by its unpredictable outlook and high death rate. The main treatment for AML is chemotherapy, but this often results in drug resistance and the possibility of the disease returning. For this reason, new biomarkers are necessary to diagnose, predict, and treat this disease. Research has demonstrated that cells responsible for AML release exosomes that interact with the disease's microenvironment. These exosomes have significant roles in promoting leukemia growth, suppressing normal hematopoiesis, facilitating angiogenesis, and contributing to drug resistance in AML. Further investigations have shown that these exosomes contain miRNAs, which are transferred to target cells and have functional roles. Biomarkers are utilized to assess various aspects of tumor cell behavior, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, changes in the microenvironment, transfer of drug resistance, and stability in serum and blood plasma. In this research, we showed that exosomal miRNAs and exosomes have the potential to be used as indicators for detecting various phases of AML and can aid in its medical treatment. Furthermore, they can be specifically targeted for therapeutic purposes in addressing this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Salehi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of New Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Sun R, Wang C, Wang Y, Wu Y, Du P, Sun X, Li Q, Bi K, Jiang G. Role of miR‑let‑7c‑5p/c‑myc signaling axis in the committed differentiation of leukemic THP‑1 cells into monocytes/macrophages. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:403. [PMID: 37600342 PMCID: PMC10433716 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In a preliminary experiment, it was found that c-myc expression was decreased following the differentiation of THP-1 cells into monocytes/macrophages induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA) + lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + interferon (IFN)-γ. The expression of miR-let-7c-5p was then found to be elevated by cross-sectional analysis using TargetScan and PubMed and differential microarray analysis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the miR-let-7c-5p/c-myc signaling axis in the committed differentiation of THP-1 leukemic cells into monocytes/macrophages induced by PMA + LPS + IFN-γ. Human THP-1 leukemic cells were induced to differentiate into monocytes/macrophages by PMA + LPS + IFN-γ. Following induction for 48 h, the growth density of the THP-1 cells was observed directly under an inverted microscope, cell proliferation was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and the cell cycle and the expression of differentiation-related antigens (CD11b and CD14) were measured using flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of miR-let-7c-5p and c-myc was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and the protein expression of c-myc was detected using western blot analysis. Dual luciferase reporter gene analysis was used to detect the targeted binding of miR-let-7c-5p on the 3'UTR of c-myc. The relative expression of miR-let-7c-5p and c-myc genes in THP-1 cells induced by PMA + LPS + IFN-γ was found to be up- and downregulated respectively, and expression of miR-let-7c-5p was negatively correlated with the expression of c-myc gene. Dual luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed that miR-let-7c-5p targeted the 3'UTR of c-myc and inhibited luciferase activity. Following transfection with miR-let-7c-5p mimics, the expression of c-myc was markedly downregulated and the proliferative ability of the THP-1 cells was decreased, while the expression rate of CD11b and CD14 was significantly increased. The rescue experiment revealed that the effects of miR-let-7c-5p mimics on the proliferation and differentiation of THP-1 cells were attenuated by transfection with c-myc overexpression vector. Together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that miR-let-7c-5p can target the 3'UTR region of c-myc and that the miR-let-7c-5p/c-myc signaling axis is one of the critical pathways involved in the directional differentiation of leukemic cells into monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijing Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Chaozhe Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yufang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fushan District People's Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 265500, P.R. China
| | - Yunhua Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Pengchao Du
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
| | - Kehong Bi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250062, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
- Department of Precision Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital of Jinan Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
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Díaz Méndez AB, Sacconi A, Tremante E, Lulli V, Caprara V, Rosanò L, Goeman F, Carosi M, Di Giuliani M, Vari G, Silvani A, Pollo B, Garufi C, Ramponi S, Simonetti G, Ciusani E, Mandoj C, Scalera S, Villani V, Po A, Ferretti E, Regazzo G, Rizzo MG. A diagnostic circulating miRNA signature as orchestrator of cell invasion via TKS4/TKS5/EFHD2 modulation in human gliomas. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:66. [PMID: 36932446 PMCID: PMC10022260 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered microRNA profiles have been observed not only in tumour tissues but also in biofluids, where they circulate in a stable form thus representing interesting biomarker candidates. This study aimed to identify a microRNA signature as a non-invasive biomarker and to investigate its impact on glioma biology. METHODS MicroRNAs were selected using a global expression profile in preoperative serum samples from 37 glioma patients. Comparison between serum samples from age and gender-matched controls was performed by using the droplet digital PCR. The ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to evaluate the diagnostic/prognostic values. The functional role of the identified signature was assessed by gain/loss of function strategies in glioma cells. RESULTS A three-microRNA signature (miR-1-3p/-26a-1-3p/-487b-3p) was differentially expressed in the serum of patients according to the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes mutation status and correlated with both patient Overall and Progression Free Survival. The identified signature was also downregulated in the serum of patients compared to controls. Consistent with these results, the signature expression and release in the conditioned medium of glioma cells was lower in IDH-wild type cells compared to the mutated counterpart. Furthermore, in silico analysis of glioma datasets showed a consistent deregulation of the signature according to the IDH mutation status in glioma tumour tissues. Ectopic expression of the signature negatively affects several glioma functions. Notably, it impacts the glioma invasive phenotype by directly targeting the invadopodia-related proteins TKS4, TKS5 and EFHD2. CONCLUSIONS We identified a three microRNA signature as a promising complementary or even an independent non-invasive diagnostic/prognostic biomarker. The signature displays oncosuppressive functions in glioma cells and impacts on proteins crucial for migration and invasion, providing potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Díaz Méndez
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Tremante
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lulli
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Caprara
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Pathology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Giuliani
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Vari
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
- grid.7841.aPhD Program in Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Silvani
- grid.417894.70000 0001 0707 5492Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Bianca Pollo
- grid.417894.70000 0001 0707 5492Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Garufi
- grid.416308.80000 0004 1805 3485Medical-Oncology Unit, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ramponi
- grid.416308.80000 0004 1805 3485Medical-Oncology Unit, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- grid.417894.70000 0001 0707 5492Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Ciusani
- grid.417894.70000 0001 0707 5492Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mandoj
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Clinical Pathology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- grid.6530.00000 0001 2300 0941PhD Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Villani
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Po
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Regazzo
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Rizzo
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Olkhovskiy IA, Gorbenko AS, Stolyar MA, Bakhtina VI, Mikhalev MA, Olkhovik TI, Sudarikov AB, Sidorova YS, Pospelova TI, Kolesnikova MA, Kaporskaya TS, Lyskova VA. Study of mRNA of WT1, BAALC, EVI1, PRAME and HMGA2 genes in whole blood samples. Klin Lab Diagn 2022; 67:613-620. [PMID: 36315178 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-10-613-620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous quantitative measurement of mRNA of the WT1, BAALC, EVI1, PRAME and HMGA2 genes in whole blood samples reflects the specific pathological proliferative activity in acute leukemia and their ratio is promising as a diagnostic marker. The transcriptome profile of acute leukemia cells is usually assessed using NGS or microarray techniques after a preliminary procedure for isolation of mononuclear cells. However, the results of using the multiplex PCR reaction for the simultaneous determination of all above mRNAs in whole blood samples have not been published so far. Determination of mRNA of WT1, BAALC, EVI1, PRAME and HMGA2 genes in venous blood level samples by multiplex RT-PCR. The study included 127 blood samples from patients who diagnosis of acute leukemia was subsequently confirmed. In the comparison group, 87 samples of patients without oncohematological diagnosis were selected, including 31 samples (K1) with a normal blood formula and 56 samples (K2) with a violation of the cellular composition - anemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. RNA isolation and reverse transcription were performed using the Ribozol-D and Reverta-L kits (TsNIIE, Russia). Determination of the mRNA expression level of the WT1, BAALC, EVI1, PRAME and HMGA2 genes by multiplex real-time PCR using a homemade multiplex PCR kit. The mRNA level was characterized by high interindividual variation and did not correlate with the rate of circulating leukocytes or blood blasts. Expression of WT1 mRNA was observed in whole blood only in one patient from the control group and in 112 (88%) patients with leukemia and was combined with a decrease in the level of HMGA2 mRNA expression and BAALC mRNA values. In contrast to the control groups, patients with leukemia had higher levels of BAALC mRNA in AML and ALL, increased PRAME mRNA in AML and APL, but lower levels of HMGA2 in APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Olkhovskiy
- Krasnoyarsk branch of the «National Research Center for Hematology» Department of Health
- Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A S Gorbenko
- Krasnoyarsk branch of the «National Research Center for Hematology» Department of Health
- Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - M A Stolyar
- Krasnoyarsk branch of the «National Research Center for Hematology» Department of Health
- Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V I Bakhtina
- Krasnoyarsk regional clinic Hospital
- Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
| | | | | | - A B Sudarikov
- «National Research Center for Hematology» Department of Health
| | - Yu S Sidorova
- «National Research Center for Hematology» Department of Health
| | | | | | - T S Kaporskaya
- State-financed health care institution Irkutsk regional clinical hospital
| | - V A Lyskova
- State-financed health care institution Irkutsk regional clinical hospital
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Yang Y, Shang J, Sun Y, Li F, Zhang Y, Kong XZ, Li S, Liu JX. TLNPMD: Prediction of miRNA-Disease Associations Based on miRNA-Drug-Disease Three-Layer Heterogeneous Network. Molecules 2022; 27:4371. [PMID: 35889243 PMCID: PMC9324587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Many microRNAs (miRNAs) have been confirmed to be associated with the generation of human diseases. Capturing miRNA-disease associations (M-DAs) provides an effective way to understand the etiology of diseases. Many models for predicting M-DAs have been constructed; nevertheless, there are still several limitations, such as generally considering direct information between miRNAs and diseases, usually ignoring potential knowledge hidden in isolated miRNAs or diseases. To overcome these limitations, in this study a novel method for predicting M-DAs was developed named TLNPMD, highlights of which are the introduction of drug heuristic information and a bipartite network reconstruction strategy. Specifically, three bipartite networks, including drug-miRNA, drug-disease, and miRNA-disease, were reconstructed as weighted ones using such reconstruction strategy. Based on these weighted bipartite networks, as well as three corresponding similarity networks of drugs, miRNAs and diseases, the miRNA-drug-disease three-layer heterogeneous network was constructed. Then, this heterogeneous network was converted into three two-layer heterogeneous networks, for each of which the network path computational model was employed to predict association scores. Finally, both direct and indirect miRNA-disease paths were used to predict M-DAs. Comparative experiments of TLNPMD and other four models were performed and evaluated by five-fold and global leave-one-out cross validations, results of which show that TLNPMD has the highest AUC values among those of compared methods. In addition, case studies of two common diseases were carried out to validate the effectiveness of the TLNPMD. These experiments demonstrate that the TLNPMD may serve as a promising alternative to existing methods for predicting M-DAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (F.L.); (X.-Z.K.); (S.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Junliang Shang
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (F.L.); (X.-Z.K.); (S.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (F.L.); (X.-Z.K.); (S.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Feng Li
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (F.L.); (X.-Z.K.); (S.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China;
| | - Xiang-Zhen Kong
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (F.L.); (X.-Z.K.); (S.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Shengjun Li
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (F.L.); (X.-Z.K.); (S.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Jin-Xing Liu
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (F.L.); (X.-Z.K.); (S.L.); (J.-X.L.)
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8
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Xu Y, Hu Y, Xu S, Liu F, Gao Y. Exosomal microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents for Acute Ischemic Stroke: New Expectations. Front Neurol 2022; 12:747380. [PMID: 35173663 PMCID: PMC8842672 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.747380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality rates of ischemic stroke (IS) are very high, and IS constitutes one of the main causes of disability and death worldwide. The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke includes excitotoxicity, calcium overload, oxygen radical injury, inflammatory reactions, necrosis/apoptosis, destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and other pathologic processes. Recent studies have shown that exosomes are critical to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebral infarctions resulting from ischemic stroke; and there is growing interest in the role of exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of IS. Exosomes from central nervous system cells can be found in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral bodily fluids, and exosomal contents have been reported to change with disease occurrence. Exosomes are small membranous extracellular vesicles (EVs), 30–150 nm in diameter, that are released from the cell membrane into the depressions that arise from the membranes of multivesicular bodies. Exosomes carry lipids, proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) and transport information to target cells. This exosomal transfer of functional mRNAs/miRNAs and proteins ultimately affects transcription and translation within recipient cells. Exosomes are EVs with a double-membrane structure that protects them from ribonucleases in the blood, allowing exosomal miRNAs to be more stable and to avoid degradation. New evidence shows that exosomes derived from neural cells, endothelial cells, and various stem cells create a fertile environment that supports the proliferation and growth of neural cells and endothelial cells, inhibits apoptosis and inflammatory responses, and promotes angiogenesis. In the present review, we discuss how circulating exosomes—and exosomal miRNAs in particular—may provide novel strategies for the early diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke via their potential as non-invasive biomarkers and drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Xu
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Gao
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9
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Liu Y, Ao X, Zhou X, Du C, Kuang S. The regulation of PBXs and their emerging role in cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:1363-1379. [PMID: 35068042 PMCID: PMC8899182 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre‐B‐cell leukaemia transcription factor (PBX) proteins are a subfamily of evolutionarily conserved, atypical homeodomain transcription factors that belong to the superfamily of three amino acid loop extension (TALE) homeodomain proteins. Members of the PBX family play crucial roles in regulating multiple pathophysiological processes, such as the development of organs, congenital cardiac defects and carcinogenesis. The dysregulation of PBXs has been shown to be closely associated with many diseases, particularly cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms of PBX dysregulation in cancer progression are still inconclusive. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the structures, functions and regulatory mechanisms of PBXs, and discuss their underlying mechanisms in cancer progression. We also highlight the great potential of PBXs as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of cancer as well as their therapeutic applications. The information reviewed here may expand researchers’ understanding of PBXs and could strengthen the clinical implication of PBXs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Xiang Ao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Xuehao Zhou
- Institute for Translational Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Chengcheng Du
- Institute for Translational Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Shouxiang Kuang
- Institute for Translational Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Qingdao Medical College Qingdao University Qingdao China
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10
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Chen H, Wang J, Wang H, Liang J, Dong J, Bai H, Jiang G. Advances in the application of Let-7 microRNAs in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of leukemia. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:1. [PMID: 34820000 PMCID: PMC8607238 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lethal-7 (Let-7) family of microRNAs (miRNAs) controls the process of development and differentiation, but is also related to the occurrence of tumors and a poor prognosis of patients with tumors. Thus, a more comprehensive exploration of its functions will provide further insights into these processes, and may promote the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Leukemia is a type of progressive malignant disease, and its pathogenesis involves a variety of epigenetic factors. Amongst the several related epigenetic factors, the Let-7 miRNAs are an important family of molecules that play a crucial role in maintaining a variety of critical biological processes, including development, differentiation and proliferation. In the present study, the role of Let-7 as a tumor suppressor gene and oncogene is reviewed, and the complex regulatory functions of several Let-7 family members in different subtypes of leukemia are described. The current body of knowledge thus far indicates that Let-7 is not only a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker of leukemia, but also a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of affected patients, with particular potential when targeted by adjuvant treatments alongside traditional treatment to improve their survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jiewei Wang
- Department of Transfusion, Jinan Zhangqiu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jingru Liang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Dong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Houqiao Bai
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology and Biotechnology Transformation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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11
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Yazarlou F, Kadkhoda S, Ghafouri-Fard S. Emerging role of let-7 family in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112334. [PMID: 34656064 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Let-7 includes a family of miRNA which are implicated in the developmental processes as well as carcinogenesis. This miRNA family has been shown to influence pathogenesis of a variety of hematological malignancies through changing expression of a number of oncogenic pathways, particularly those related with MYC. Expression of these miRNAs has been found to be different between distinct hematological malignancies or even between cytogenetically-defined subgroups of a certain malignancy. In the current review, we summarize the data regarding biogenesis, genomic locations, targets and regulatory network of this miRNA family in the context of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yazarlou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Kadkhoda
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Tao Y, Zhang J, Chen L, Liu X, Yao M, Zhang H. LncRNA CD27-AS1 promotes acute myeloid leukemia progression through the miR-224-5p/PBX3 signaling circuit. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:510. [PMID: 34006845 PMCID: PMC8131722 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy with a low cure rate, especially in the elderly. Previous studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the biological roles and clinical significances of most lncRNAs in AML are not fully understood. LncRNA CD27 Antisense RNA 1 (CD27-AS1), as a member of lncRNA family, has rare reports on its function. In present study, we found that the expression of CD27-AS1 examined by quantitative real-time PCR was markedly increased in the AML patients (N = 40) compared with healthy volunteers (N = 40). The overall survival time was significantly shorter in patients with higher CD27-AS1 expression than that in patients with lower CD27-AS1 (P < 0.01). Furthermore, downregulation of CD27-AS1 in AML cells suppressed proliferative ability, arrested cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, and induced apoptosis. However, CD27-AS1 overexpression further enhanced the malignant phenotype of AML cells. Additionally, CD27-AS1 was proved to increase PBX3 expression through sponging miR-224-5p. CD27-AS1 knockdown blocked the MAPK signaling through PBX3 silencing and further inhibited the cell growth of AML cells. Taken together, we demonstrate that CD27-AS1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker of AML, and our finding also provides a new insight for non-coding RNA-based therapeutic intervention of AML.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Progression
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Antisense/genetics
- RNA, Antisense/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Tao
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Graduate School, Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Graduate School, Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mingkang Yao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Graduate School, Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China.
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China.
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13
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Johnson DT, Davis AG, Zhou JH, Ball ED, Zhang DE. MicroRNA let-7b downregulates AML1-ETO oncogene expression in t(8;21) AML by targeting its 3'UTR. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:8. [PMID: 33531067 PMCID: PMC7856722 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the t(8;21)(q22;q22) chromosomal translocation is among the most common subtypes of AML and produces the AML1-ETO (RUNX1-ETO, RUNX1-RUNX1T1) oncogenic fusion gene. AML1-ETO functions as an aberrant transcription factor which plays a key role in blocking normal hematopoiesis. Thus, the expression of AML1-ETO is critical to t(8;21) AML leukemogenesis and maintenance. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is often mediated through interactions between trans-factors and cis-elements within transcript 3′-untranslated regions (UTR). AML1-ETO uses the 3′UTR of the ETO gene, which is not normally expressed in hematopoietic cells. Therefore, the mechanisms regulating AML1-ETO expression via the 3’UTR are attractive therapeutic targets. Methods We used RNA-sequencing of t(8;21) patients and cell lines to examine the 3′UTR isoforms used by AML1-ETO transcripts. Using luciferase assay approaches, we test the relative contribution of 3′UTR cis elements to AML1-ETO expression. We further use let-7b microRNA mimics and anti-let-7b sponges for functional studies of t(8;21) AML cell lines. Results In this study, we examine the regulation of AML1-ETO via the 3’UTR. We demonstrate that AML1-ETO transcripts primarily use a 3.7 kb isoform of the ETO 3′UTR in both t(8;21) patients and cell lines. We identify a negative regulatory element within the AML1-ETO 3′UTR. We further demonstrate that the let-7b microRNA directly represses AML1-ETO through this site. Finally, we find that let-7b inhibits the proliferation of t(8;21) AML cell lines, rescues expression of AML1-ETO target genes, and promotes differentiation. Conclusions AML1-ETO is post-transcriptionally regulated by let-7b, which contributes to the leukemic phenotype of t(8;21) AML and may be important for t(8;21) leukemogenesis and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Johnson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amanda G Davis
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jie-Hua Zhou
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,BMT Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Edward D Ball
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,BMT Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
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14
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The Role of miRNAs, miRNA Clusters, and isomiRs in Development of Cancer Stem Cell Populations in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031424. [PMID: 33572600 PMCID: PMC7867000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have a critical role in regulating stem cells (SCs) during development and altered expression can cause developmental defects and/or disease. Indeed, aberrant miRNA expression leads to wide-spread transcriptional dysregulation which has been linked to many cancers. Mounting evidence also indicates a role for miRNAs in the development of the cancer SC (CSC) phenotype. Our goal herein is to provide a review of: (i) current research on miRNAs and their targets in colorectal cancer (CRC), and (ii) miRNAs that are differentially expressed in colon CSCs. MicroRNAs can work in clusters or alone when targeting different SC genes to influence CSC phenotype. Accordingly, we discuss the specific miRNA cluster classifications and isomiRs that are predicted to target the ALDH1, CD166, BMI1, LRIG1, and LGR5 SC genes. miR-23b and miR-92A are of particular interest because our previously reported studies on miRNA expression in isolated normal versus malignant human colonic SCs showed that miR-23b and miR-92a are regulators of the LGR5 and LRIG1 SC genes, respectively. We also identify additional miRNAs whose expression inversely correlated with mRNA levels of their target genes and associated with CRC patient survival. Altogether, our deliberation on miRNAs, their clusters, and isomiRs in regulation of SC genes could provide insight into how dysregulation of miRNAs leads to the emergence of different CSC populations and SC overpopulation in CRC.
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15
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Neaga A, Bagacean C, Tempescul A, Jimbu L, Mesaros O, Blag C, Tomuleasa C, Bocsan C, Gaman M, Zdrenghea M. MicroRNAs Associated With a Good Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Effect on Macrophage Polarization. Front Immunol 2021; 11:582915. [PMID: 33519805 PMCID: PMC7845488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive myeloid malignancy with poor outcomes despite very intensive therapeutic approaches. For the majority of patients which are unfit and treated less intensively, the prognosis is even worse. There has been unspectacular progress in outcome improvement over the last decades and the development of new approaches is of tremendous interest. The tumor microenvironment is credited with an important role in supporting cancer growth, including leukemogenesis. Macrophages are part of the tumor microenvironment and their contribution in this setting is increasingly being deciphered, these cells being credited with a tumor supporting role. Data on macrophage role and polarization in leukemia is scarce. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, by impending translation and promoting degradation of messenger RNAs. They are important modulators of cellular pathways, playing major roles in normal hematopoietic differentiation. miRNA expression is significantly correlated with the prognosis of hematopoietic malignancies, including AML. Oncogenic miRNAs correlate with poor prognosis, while tumor suppressor miRNAs, which inhibit the expression of proto-oncogenes, are correlated with a favorable prognosis. miRNAs are proposed as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis and are regarded as therapeutic approaches in many cancers, including AML. miRNAs with epigenetic or modulatory activity, as well as with synergistic activity with chemotherapeutic agents, proved to be promising therapeutic targets in experimental, pre-clinical approaches. The clinical availability of emerging compounds with mimicking or suppressor activity provides the opportunity for future therapeutic targeting of miRNAs. The present paper is focusing on miRNAs which, according to current knowledge, favorably impact on AML outcomes, being regarded as tumor suppressors, and reviews their role in macrophage polarization. We are focusing on miRNA expression in the setting of AML, but data on correlations between miRNA expression and macrophage polarization is mostly coming from studies involving normal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Neaga
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Bagacean
- Department of Hematology, Brest University Medical School Hospital, Brest, France.,U1227 B Lymphocytes and Autoimmunity, University of Brest, INSERM, IBSAM, Brest, France
| | - Adrian Tempescul
- Department of Hematology, Brest University Medical School Hospital, Brest, France.,U1227 B Lymphocytes and Autoimmunity, University of Brest, INSERM, IBSAM, Brest, France
| | - Laura Jimbu
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Mesaros
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Blag
- Department of Pediatrics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Gaman
- Department of Hematology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Zdrenghea
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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16
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Khalaj M, Woolthuis CM, Hu W, Durham BH, Chu SH, Qamar S, Armstrong SA, Park CY. miR-99 regulates normal and malignant hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. J Exp Med 2020; 214:2453-2470. [PMID: 28733386 PMCID: PMC5551568 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate self-renewal in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are poorly understood. Herein, Khalaj et al. identify microRNA-99 (miR-99) as a novel noncoding RNA critical for the maintenance of HSCs and LSCs and demonstrate that miR-99 mediates its role by suppressing multiple target genes, including HOXA1. The microRNA-99 (miR-99) family comprises a group of broadly conserved microRNAs that are highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and acute myeloid leukemia stem cells (LSCs) compared with their differentiated progeny. Herein, we show that miR-99 regulates self-renewal in both HSCs and LSCs. miR-99 maintains HSC long-term reconstitution activity by inhibiting differentiation and cell cycle entry. Moreover, miR-99 inhibition induced LSC differentiation and depletion in an MLL-AF9–driven mouse model of AML, leading to reduction in leukemia-initiating activity and improved survival in secondary transplants. Confirming miR-99’s role in established AML, miR-99 inhibition induced primary AML patient blasts to undergo differentiation. A forward genetic shRNA library screen revealed Hoxa1 as a critical mediator of miR-99 function in HSC maintenance, and this observation was independently confirmed in both HSCs and LSCs. Together, these studies demonstrate the importance of noncoding RNAs in the regulation of HSC and LSC function and identify miR-99 as a critical regulator of stem cell self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Khalaj
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.,Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Carolien M Woolthuis
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Wenhuo Hu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Benjamin H Durham
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - S Haihua Chu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Sarah Qamar
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.,Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Christopher Y Park
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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17
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Li M, Cui X, Guan H. MicroRNAs: pivotal regulators in acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:399-412. [PMID: 31932900 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-019-03887-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are 19-22 nucleotides in length and regulate a variety of biological processes at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNA dysregulation disrupts normal biological processes, resulting in tumorigenesis. Acute myeloid leukemia is an invasive hematological malignancy characterized by the abnormal proliferation and differentiation of immature myeloid cells. Due to the low 5-year survival rate, there is an urgent need to discover novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. In recent years, microRNAs have been shown to play important roles in hematological malignancies by acting as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. MicroRNAs have the potential to be a breakthrough in the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. In this review, we summarize the biology of microRNAs and discuss the relationships between microRNA dysregulation and acute myeloid leukemia in the following aspects: signaling pathways, the abnormal biological behavior of acute myeloid leukemia cells, the clinical application of microRNAs and competing endogenous RNA regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Li
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xianglun Cui
- Department of Inspection, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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19
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Du WB, Lin CH, Chen WB. High expression of APC is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in T4 gastric cancer patients. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:4452-4467. [PMID: 31496624 PMCID: PMC6710185 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i31.4452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenoma polyposis coli (APC) mutation is associated with tumorigenesis via the Wnt signaling pathway. AIM To investigate the clinical features and mechanism of APC expression in gastric cancer (GC). METHODS Based on APC expression profile, the related genome-wide mRNA expression, microRNA (miRNA) expression, and methylation profile in GC, the relationship between APC and GC, as well as the prognostic significance of APC were systematically analyzed by multi-dimensional methods. RESULTS We found that high expression of APC (APC high) was significantly associated with adverse outcomes of T4 GC patients. Genome-wide gene expression analysis revealed that varying APC expression levels in GC were associated with some important oncogenes, and corresponding cellular functional pathways. Genome-wide miRNA expression analysis indicated that most of miRNAs associated with high APC expression were downregulated. The mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analysis revealed that down-regulated miRNAs affected their inhibitory effect on tumor genes. Genome-wide methylation profiles associated with APC expression showed that there was differential methylation between the APC high and APC low groups. The number of hypermethylation sites was larger than that of hypomethylation sites, and most of hypermethylation sites were enriched in CpG islands. CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that high APC expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for T4 GC patients and may be used as a novel biomarker for pathogenesis research, diagnosis, and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen-Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Biao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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20
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Lambert M, Alioui M, Jambon S, Depauw S, Van Seuningen I, David-Cordonnier MH. Direct and Indirect Targeting of HOXA9 Transcription Factor in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060837. [PMID: 31213012 PMCID: PMC6627208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
HOXA9 (Homeobox A9) is a homeotic transcription factor known for more than two decades to be associated with leukemia. The expression of HOXA9 homeoprotein is associated with anterior-posterior patterning during embryonic development, and its expression is then abolished in most adult cells, with the exception of hematopoietic progenitor cells. The oncogenic function of HOXA9 was first assessed in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), particularly in the mixed-phenotype associated lineage leukemia (MPAL) subtype. HOXA9 expression in AML is associated with aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Since then, HOXA9 has been involved in other hematopoietic malignancies and an increasing number of solid tumors. Despite this, HOXA9 was for a long time not targeted to treat cancer, mainly since, as a transcription factor, it belongs to a class of protein long considered to be an "undruggable" target; however, things have now evolved. The aim of the present review is to focus on the different aspects of HOXA9 targeting that could be achieved through multiple ways: (1) indirectly, through the inhibition of its expression, a strategy acting principally at the epigenetic level; or (2) directly, through the inhibition of its transcription factor function by acting at either the protein/protein interaction or the protein/DNA interaction interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lambert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Meryem Alioui
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Samy Jambon
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Sabine Depauw
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène David-Cordonnier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
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21
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Fan Y, Zhu L, Sun X, Lyu W, Xu L, Yin Y, Zhao J, Huang J, Den Y, Jiang Z, Xu S, Mao X, Xu Z. Exploring the tissue tropism of pseudorabies virus based on miRNA level analysis. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:125. [PMID: 31185898 PMCID: PMC6558711 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudorabies virus (PRV, or suid herpesvirus, SuHV-1), a member of the herpesvirus family, has an extremely broad host range and threatens the pig industry in China. PRV can evade host innate immunity and infect the kidney, lung, brain and other tissues. At the same time, many studies have reported that microRNA (miRNA) can affect the replication of viruses by regulating gene expression levels. Results Here, to identify changes in miRNA expression and post-transcriptional regulation associated with PRV infection in the lung, spleen, and olfactory bulb, we sequenced small RNAs in tissues of rats infected or uninfected with PRV strain XJ (PRV-XJ). Sixty-one, 199 and 29 differentially-expressed miRNAs were identified in the lung, spleen, and olfactory bulb, respectively, of infected compared with uninfected rats. Among the miRNAs differentially-expressed in PRV-infected rats, 36, 171, and 15 miRNAs showed tissue-selective expression in the olfactory bulb, lung and spleen, respectively. All differentially-expressed miRNAs were analyzed for their GO functional annotations and KEGG pathway associations . Conclusions In PRV-XJ-infected rats, miRNAs were differentially expressed in the lung, spleen and olfactory bulb. These miRNAs were involved in regulating various pathways of the nervous, respiratory and immune systems, and may affect the tissue tropism of the virus and play pivotal roles in viral infection and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangang Sun
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenting Lyu
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yichao Den
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyi Jiang
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyao Xu
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiyu Mao
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Present Address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, weenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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22
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Liu Y, Cheng Z, Pang Y, Cui L, Qian T, Quan L, Zhao H, Shi J, Ke X, Fu L. Role of microRNAs, circRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:51. [PMID: 31126316 PMCID: PMC6534901 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant tumor of the immature myeloid hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow (BM). It is a highly heterogeneous disease, with rising morbidity and mortality in older patients. Although researches over the past decades have improved our understanding of AML, its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are three noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that regulate DNA transcription and translation. With the development of RNA-Seq technology, more and more ncRNAs that are closely related to AML leukemogenesis have been discovered. Numerous studies have found that these ncRNAs play an important role in leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Some may potentially be used as prognostic biomarkers. In this systematic review, we briefly described the characteristics and molecular functions of three groups of ncRNAs, including lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, and discussed their relationships with AML in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Zhiheng Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Yifan Pang
- Department of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Longzhen Cui
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Tingting Qian
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Liang Quan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hongyou Zhao
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. .,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. .,Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
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23
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Mardani R, Jafari Najaf Abadi MH, Motieian M, Taghizadeh-Boroujeni S, Bayat A, Farsinezhad A, Gheibi Hayat SM, Motieian M, Pourghadamyari H. MicroRNA in leukemia: Tumor suppressors and oncogenes with prognostic potential. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8465-8486. [PMID: 30515779 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is known as a progressive malignant disease, which destroys the blood-forming organs and results in adverse effects on the proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. There are four main classes of leukemia including acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, myelogenous leukemia, and lymphocytic leukemia. Given that a variety of internal and external factors could be associated with the initiation and progression of different types of leukemia. One of the important factors is epigenetic regulators such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (ncRNA). MiRNAs are short ncRNAs which act as tumor suppressor (i.e., miR-15, miR-16, let-7, and miR-127) or oncogene (i.e., miR-155, miR-17-92, miR-21, miR-125b, miR-93, miR-143-p3, miR-196b, and miR-223) in leukemia. It has been shown that deregulation of these molecules are associated with the initiation and progression of leukemia. Hence, miRNAs could be used as potential therapeutic candidates in the treatment of patients with leukemia. Moreover, increasing evidence revealed that miRNAs could be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in monitoring patients in early stages of disease or after received chemotherapy regimen. It seems that identification and development of new miRNAs could pave to the way to the development new therapeutic platforms for patients with leukemia. Here, we summarized various miRNAs as tumor suppressor and oncogene which could be introduced as therapeutic targets in treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajab Mardani
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Motieian
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sima Taghizadeh-Boroujeni
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Borujen, Iran
| | - Amir Bayat
- Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Science, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
| | - Alireza Farsinezhad
- Department of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mahtab Motieian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Montefiore New Rochelle Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Hossein Pourghadamyari
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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24
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Spagnuolo M, Regazzo G, De Dominici M, Sacconi A, Pelosi A, Korita E, Marchesi F, Pisani F, Magenta A, Lulli V, Cordone I, Mengarelli A, Strano S, Blandino G, Rizzo MG, Calabretta B. Transcriptional activation of the miR-17-92 cluster is involved in the growth-promoting effects of MYB in human Ph-positive leukemia cells. Haematologica 2018; 104:82-92. [PMID: 30076175 PMCID: PMC6312025 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.191213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs, non-coding regulators of gene expression, are likely to function as important downstream effectors of many transcription factors including MYB. Optimal levels of MYB are required for transformation/maintenance of BCR-ABL-expressing cells. We investigated whether MYB silencing modulates microRNA expression in Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) leukemia cells and if MYB-regulated microRNAs are important for the “MYB addiction” of these cells. Thirty-five microRNAs were modulated by MYB silencing in lymphoid and erythromyeloid chronic myeloid leukemia-blast crisis BV173 and K562 cells; 15 of these were concordantly modulated in both lines. We focused on the miR-17-92 cluster because of its oncogenic role in tumors and found that: i) it is a direct MYB target; ii) it partially rescued the impaired proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of MYB-silenced BV173 cells. Moreover, we identified FRZB, a Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor, as a novel target of the miR-17-92 cluster. High expression of MYB in blast cells from 2 Ph+leukemia patients correlated positively with the miR-17-92 cluster and inversely with FRZB. This expression pattern was also observed in a microarray dataset of 122 Ph+acute lymphoblastic leukemias. In vivo experiments in NOD scid gamma mice injected with BV173 cells confirmed that FRZB functions as a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor even as they failed to demonstrate that this pathway is important for BV173-dependent leukemogenesis. These studies illustrate the global effects of MYB expression on the microRNAs profile of Ph+cells and supports the concept that the “MYB addiction” of these cells is, in part, caused by modulation of microRNA-regulated pathways affecting cell proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Spagnuolo
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Regazzo
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Dominici
- Department of Cancer Biology and Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelosi
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Etleva Korita
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marchesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology-Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology-Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Magenta
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, FLMM, Laboratorio di Patologia Vascolare, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lulli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Cordone
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Clinical Pathology Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Mengarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology-Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria G Rizzo
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Calabretta
- Department of Cancer Biology and Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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25
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Mortazavi D, Sharifi M. Antiproliferative effect of upregulation of hsa-let-7c-5p in human acute erythroleukemia cells. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1509-1518. [PMID: 30073438 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New achievements in the field of cancer treatment are results of recent advances in molecular medicine and gene therapy. Usage of microRNAs (miRNAs) which are small noncoding RNAs is one of the molecular research lines for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. miRNAs have an important role in post-transcriptional regulation of the gene expression and are involved in cellular activities such as growth, differentiation, cell death and cancer development. One of the miRNAs that showed downregulation in human acute erythroleukemia is hsa-let-7c-5p. Down-regulation of hsa-let-7c-5p has been reported in in vitro studies of different cancers. In the present study, upregulation of hsa-let-7c-5p is performed in human acute erythroleukemia cell line (KG-1) using miRNA mimic. qRT-PCR, MTT assay, Annexin-V, and propidium iodide staining at different time points after miRNA mimic transfection were accomplished to assess the expression level of hsa-let-7c-5p, cell viability, apoptosis and late apoptosis. In addition, the expression level of PBX2 oncogene, a validated target gene of hsa-let-7c-5p, is evaluated by RT-qPCR to show the effectivity of this approach on erythroleukemia cancer cells. Our results can be used in translational medicine for future investigation in acute erythroleukemia and to approach treatment based on miRNA mimic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Mortazavi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Sharifi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran.
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26
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Ding Y, Wang ZC, Zheng Y, Hu Z, Li Y, Luo DF, Wang SY. C-Myc functions as a competing endogenous RNA in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:56422-56430. [PMID: 27486764 PMCID: PMC5302924 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have described a new post-transcriptional regulation that RNA transcripts can crosstalk with each other by competing for their common microRNAs. These RNA transcripts termed competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulate the distribution of miRNAs on their targets. One corollary from ceRNA interaction is that chromosomal translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) would perturb ceRNA regulation due to altered expression of 3'UTRs. In our study, we demonstrate that expression of PML/RARα, the APL-associated fusion oncogene is repressed by c-Myc mRNA transcript independent of protein-coding function but dependent upon microRNA. Attenuation of c-Myc transcript results in PML/RARα-degraded cellular phenotypes in APL cells, but these Myc reduction-associated cell phenotypes are sufficient to abrogate in a microRNA dependent manner. We also show that let-7 microRNA family members promote differentiation of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (ATRA)-induced NB4 cells and their activities are affected by expression levels of both c-Myc and PML/RARα through altering miRNA targets. These results indicate that c-Myc mRNA represses PML/RARα expression via altering the distribution of let-7 miRNAs on their targets. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of c-Myc as a potential ceRNA for PML/RARα in APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ding
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Chuan Wang
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Feng Luo
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Yuan Wang
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, P.R. China
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27
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Differential regulation of the c-Myc/Lin28 axis discriminates subclasses of rearranged MLL leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:25208-23. [PMID: 27007052 PMCID: PMC5041898 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MLL rearrangements occur in myeloid and lymphoid leukemias and are generally associated with a poor prognosis, however this varies depending on the fusion partner. We modeled acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in mice using various MLL fusion proteins (MLL-FPs) and observed significantly different survival outcomes. To better understand the differences between these leukemias, we examined the genome wide expression profiles of leukemic cells transformed with different MLL-FPs. RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis identified the c-Myc transcriptional program as one of the top distinguishing features. c-Myc protein levels were highly correlative with AML disease latency in mice. Functionally, overexpression of c-Myc resulted in a more aggressive proliferation rate in MLL-FP cell lines. While all MLL-FP transformed cells displayed sensitivity to BET inhibitors, high c-Myc expressing cells showed greater resistance to Brd4 inhibition. The Myc target Lin28B was also differentially expressed in MLL-FP cell lines in agreement with c-Myc expression. Examination of Lin28B miRNAs targets revealed that let-7g was significantly increased in leukemic cells associated with the longest disease latency and forced let-7g expression induced differentiation of leukemic blasts. Thus, differential regulation of the c-Myc/Lin28/let-7g program by different MLL-FPs is functionally related to disease latency and BET inhibitor resistance in MLL leukemias.
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28
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Picot T, Kesr S, Wu Y, Aanei CM, Flandrin-Gresta P, Tondeur S, Tavernier E, Wattel E, Guyotat D, Campos L. Potential Role of OCT4 in Leukemogenesis. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1637-1647. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiphanie Picot
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
| | - Sanae Kesr
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
| | - Yuenv Wu
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
| | - Carmen Mariana Aanei
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
| | - Pascale Flandrin-Gresta
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Tondeur
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Tavernier
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
- Département d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Eric Wattel
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
| | - Denis Guyotat
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
- Département d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Lydia Campos
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, UMR 5239, Lyon, France
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29
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Rowe RG, Mandelbaum J, Zon LI, Daley GQ. Engineering Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Lessons from Development. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 18:707-720. [PMID: 27257760 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell engineering has brought us tantalizingly close to the goal of deriving patient-specific hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). While directed differentiation and transcription factor-mediated conversion strategies have generated progenitor cells with multilineage potential, to date, therapy-grade engineered HSCs remain elusive due to insufficient long-term self-renewal and inadequate differentiated progeny functionality. A cross-species approach involving zebrafish and mammalian systems offers complementary methodologies to improve understanding of native HSCs. Here, we discuss the role of conserved developmental timing processes in vertebrate hematopoiesis, highlighting how identification and manipulation of stage-specific factors that specify HSC developmental state must be harnessed to engineer HSCs for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Grant Rowe
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph Mandelbaum
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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A Macro View of MicroRNAs: The Discovery of MicroRNAs and Their Role in Hematopoiesis and Hematologic Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 334:99-175. [PMID: 28838543 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are a class of endogenously encoded ~22 nucleotide, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs that contribute to development, body planning, stem cell differentiation, and tissue identity through posttranscriptional regulation and degradation of transcripts. Given their importance, it is predictable that dysregulation of MiRNAs, which target a wide variety of transcripts, can result in malignant transformation. In this review, we explore the discovery of MiRNAs, their mechanism of action, and the tools that aid in their discovery and study. Strikingly, many of the studies that have expanded our understanding of the contributions of MiRNAs to normal physiology and in the development of diseases have come from studies in the hematopoietic system and hematologic malignancies, with some of the earliest identified functions for mammalian MiRNAs coming from observations made in leukemias. So, with a special focus on the hematologic system, we will discuss how MiRNAs contribute to differentiation of stem cells and how dysregulation of MiRNAs contributes to the development of malignancy, by providing examples of specific MiRNAs that function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, as well as of defects in MiRNA processing. Finally, we will discuss the promise of MiRNA-based therapeutics and challenges for the future study of disease-causing MiRNAs.
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Shilo V, Mor-Yosef Levi I, Abel R, Mihailović A, Wasserman G, Naveh-Many T, Ben-Dov IZ. Let-7 and MicroRNA-148 Regulate Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Secondary Hyperparathyroidism. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2353-2363. [PMID: 28298326 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016050585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary hyperparathyroidism commonly complicates CKD and associates with morbidity and mortality. We profiled microRNA (miRNA) in parathyroid glands from experimental hyperparathyroidism models and patients receiving dialysis and studied the function of specific miRNAs. miRNA deep-sequencing showed that human and rodent parathyroids share similar profiles. Parathyroids from uremic and normal rats segregated on the basis of their miRNA expression profiles, and a similar finding was observed in humans. We identified parathyroid miRNAs that were dysregulated in experimental hyperparathyroidism, including miR-29, miR-21, miR-148, miR-30, and miR-141 (upregulated); and miR-10, miR-125, and miR-25 (downregulated). Inhibition of the abundant let-7 family increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in normal and uremic rats, as well as in mouse parathyroid organ cultures. Conversely, inhibition of the upregulated miR-148 family prevented the increase in serum PTH level in uremic rats and decreased levels of secreted PTH in parathyroid cultures. The evolutionary conservation of abundant miRNAs in normal parathyroid glands and the regulation of these miRNAs in secondary hyperparathyroidism indicates their importance for parathyroid function and the development of hyperparathyroidism. Specifically, let-7 and miR-148 antagonism modified PTH secretion in vivo and in vitro, implying roles for these specific miRNAs. These findings may be utilized for therapeutic interventions aimed at altering PTH expression in diseases such as osteoporosis and secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitali Shilo
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; and
| | - Irit Mor-Yosef Levi
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; and
| | - Roy Abel
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; and
| | | | - Gilad Wasserman
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; and
| | - Tally Naveh-Many
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; and
| | - Iddo Z Ben-Dov
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; and
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32
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A restricted signature of serum miRNAs distinguishes glioblastoma from lower grade gliomas. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:124. [PMID: 27476114 PMCID: PMC4967504 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Malignant gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults and challenging cancers for diagnosis and treatment. They remain a disease for which non-invasive, diagnostic and/or prognostic novel biomarkers are highly desirable. Altered microRNA (miRNA) profiles have been observed in tumor tissues and biological fluids. To date only a small set of circulating/serum miRNA is found to be differentially expressed in brain tumors compared to normal controls. Here a restricted signature of circulating/serum miRNA including miR-15b*,-23a, −99a, −125b, −133a, −150*, −197, −340, −497, −548b-5p and let-7c were investigated as potential non-invasive biomarkers in the diagnosis of glioma patients. Methods Serum and tissues miRNAs expression in patients with brain cancers (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 15) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Relative expression was calculated using the comparative Ct method. Statistical significance (p ≤ 0,05) was determined using the Mann–Whitney rank sum and Fisher’s exact test. Diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs in distinguishing glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) from lower grade cancer was assessed by the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. To validate the role of the identified miRNAs in cancer a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science (Core Collection) and Scopus databases. Results We observed a decrease of miR-497 and miR-125b serum levels depending on tumor stages with reduced level in GBM than lower grade tumors. The ROC curve analysis distinguishing GBM from lower grade cases yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87 (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.712–1) and of 0.75 (95 % CI = 0.533–0.967) for miR-497 and -125b, respectively. GBM patients are more likely to show a miR-497 and -125b down-regulation than the lower grade group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.024, respectively). These results were subsequently compared with evidence from 19 studies included in the final systematic review. Conclusions Although multiple biomarkers are currently leveraged in the clinic to detect specific cancer types, no such standard blood biomolecules are used as yet in gliomas. Our data suggest that serum miR-497 and -125b could be a novel diagnostic markers with good perspectives for future clinical applications in patients with glioma.
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Rowe RG, Wang LD, Coma S, Han A, Mathieu R, Pearson DS, Ross S, Sousa P, Nguyen PT, Rodriguez A, Wagers AJ, Daley GQ. Developmental regulation of myeloerythroid progenitor function by the Lin28b-let-7-Hmga2 axis. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1497-512. [PMID: 27401346 PMCID: PMC4986532 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Daley and collaborators show that endogenous Lin28b drives erythroid-dominant fetal hematopoiesis and that decreases in Lin28b activate adult granulocyte-predominant hematopoiesis. For appropriate development, tissue and organ system morphogenesis and maturation must occur in synchrony with the overall developmental requirements of the host. Mistiming of such developmental events often results in disease. The hematopoietic system matures from the fetal state, characterized by robust erythrocytic output that supports prenatal growth in the hypoxic intrauterine environment, to the postnatal state wherein granulocytes predominate to provide innate immunity. Regulation of the developmental timing of these myeloerythroid states is not well understood. In this study, we find that expression of the heterochronic factor Lin28b decreases in common myeloid progenitors during hematopoietic maturation to adulthood in mice. This decrease in Lin28b coincides with accumulation of mature let-7 microRNAs, whose biogenesis is regulated by Lin28 proteins. We find that inhibition of let-7 in the adult hematopoietic system recapitulates fetal erythroid-dominant hematopoiesis. Conversely, deletion of Lin28b or ectopic activation of let-7 microRNAs in the fetal state induces a shift toward adult-like myeloid-dominant output. Furthermore, we identify Hmga2 as an effector of this genetic switch. These studies provide the first detailed analysis of the roles of endogenous Lin28b and let-7 in the timing of hematopoietic states during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Grant Rowe
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Leo D Wang
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Silvia Coma
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Areum Han
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ronald Mathieu
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Daniel S Pearson
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Samantha Ross
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Patricia Sousa
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Phi T Nguyen
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Antony Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Amy J Wagers
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215 Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Stem Cell Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115 Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115
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Khoury S, Tran N. Circulating microRNAs: potential biomarkers for common malignancies. Biomark Med 2015; 9:131-51. [PMID: 25689901 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.14.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a class of small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are approximately 22 nucleotide sequences in length and have been predicted to control expression of up to 30-60% of all protein-coding genes in mammals. Considering this wide involvement in gene control, aberrant miRNA expression has a strong association with the presence and progression of a disease, hence generating much anticipation in using miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of human cancers. The majority of these miRNAs are intracellular, but recently they have been discovered in bodily fluids. This review will provide an insight into these circulatory miRNA molecules and discuss their potential as cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Khoury
- School of Medical & Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Mi JQ, Chen SJ, Zhou GB, Yan XJ, Chen Z. Synergistic targeted therapy for acute promyelocytic leukaemia: a model of translational research in human cancer. J Intern Med 2015; 278:627-42. [PMID: 26058416 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), the M3 subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia, was once a lethal disease, yet nowadays the majority of patients with APL can be successfully cured by molecularly targeted therapy. This dramatic improvement in the survival rate is an example of the advantage of modern medicine. APL is characterized by a balanced reciprocal chromosomal translocation fusing the promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) gene on chromosome 15 with the retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) gene on chromosome 17. It has been found that all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) or arsenic trioxide (ATO) alone exerts therapeutic effect on APL patients with the PML-RARα fusion gene, and the combination of both drugs can act synergistically to further enhance the cure rate of the patients. Here, we provide an insight into the pathogenesis of APL and the mechanisms underlying the respective roles of ATRA and ATO. In addition, treatments that lead to more effective differentiation and apoptosis of APL cells, including leukaemia-initiating cells, and more thorough eradication of the disease will be discussed. Moreover, as a model of translational research, the development of a cure for APL has followed a bidirectional approach of 'bench to bedside' and 'bedside to bench', which can serve as a valuable example for the diagnosis and treatment of other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Q Mi
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics and Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Pôle Sino-Français des Sciences du Vivant et Genomique, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S-J Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics and Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Pôle Sino-Français des Sciences du Vivant et Genomique, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G-B Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X-J Yan
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Z Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics and Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Pôle Sino-Français des Sciences du Vivant et Genomique, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Up-Regulation of miR-21 Expression Predicate Advanced Clinicopathological Features and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2015; 22:161-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Tong HX, Zhou YH, Hou YY, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Xie B, Wang JY, Jiang Q, He JY, Shao YB, Han WM, Tan RY, Zhu J, Lu WQ. Expression profile of microRNAs in gastrointestinal stromal tumors revealed by high throughput quantitative RT-PCR microarray. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5843-5855. [PMID: 26019448 PMCID: PMC4438018 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i19.5843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) tissues that could serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker for GIST detection.
METHODS: We performed a quantitative real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay to analyze the expression of 1888 miRNAs in a sample set that included 54 GIST tissue samples.
RESULTS: We found that dysregulation of several miRNAs may be related to the malignant potential of GISTs. Six of these miRNAs, hsa-let-7c, miR-218, miR-488#, miR-4683, miR-34c-5p and miR-4773, were selected as the final list of biomarkers to separate the malignant GISTs (M group) from the benign GISTs (B group). In addition, MiR-29b-2#, hsa-let-7c, miR-891b, miR-218, miR-204, miR-204-3p, miR-628-5p, miR-744, miR-29c#, miR-625 and miR-196a were used to distinguish between the borderline (BO group) and M groups. There were 11 common miRNAs selected to separate the benign and borderline (BB) group from the M group, including hsa-let-7c, miR-218, miR-628-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-204, miR-891b, miR-488#, miR-145, miR-891a, miR-34c-5p and miR-196a.
CONCLUSION: The identified miRNAs appear to be novel biomarkers to distinguish malignant from benign GISTs, which may be helpful to understand the mechanisms of GIST oncogenesis and progression, and to further elucidate the characteristics of GIST subtypes.
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Abstract
A genome-wide screen had previously shown that knocking down miR-98 and let-7g, two miRNAs of the let-7 family, leads to a dramatic increase in terminal myogenic differentiation. In the present paper, we report that a transcriptomic analysis of human myoblasts, where miR-98 was knocked down, revealed that approximately 240 genes were sensitive to miR-98 depletion. Among these potential targets of miR-98, we identified the transcriptional repressor E2F5 and showed that it is a direct target of miR-98. Knocking down simultaneously E2F5 and miR-98 almost fully restored normal differentiation, indicating that E2F5 is involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle differentiation. We subsequently show that E2F5 can bind to the promoters of two inhibitors of terminal muscle differentiation, ID1 (inhibitor of DNA binding 1) and HMOX1 (heme oxygenase 1), which decreases their expression in skeletal myoblasts. We conclude that miR-98 regulates muscle differentiation by altering the expression of the transcription factor E2F5 and, in turn, of multiple E2F5 targets.
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Arteaga MF, Mikesch JH, Fung TK, So CWE. Epigenetics in acute promyelocytic leukaemia pathogenesis and treatment response: a TRAnsition to targeted therapies. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:413-8. [PMID: 25247321 PMCID: PMC4453638 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional deregulation plays a key role in a large array of cancers, and successful targeting of oncogenic transcription factors that sustain diseases has been a holy grail in the field. Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) driven by chimeric transcription factors encoding retinoic acid receptor alpha fusions is the paradigm of targeted cancer therapy, in which the application of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatments have markedly transformed this highly fatal cancer to a highly manageable disease. The extremely high complete remission rate resulted from targeted therapies using ATRA in combination with arsenic trioxide will likely be able to minimise or even totally eliminate the use of highly toxic chemotherapeutic agents in APL. In this article, we will review the molecular basis and the upcoming challenges of these targeted therapies in APL, and discuss the recent advance in our understanding of epigenetics underlying ATRA response and their potential use to further improve treatment response and overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Arteaga
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - J-H Mikesch
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - T-K Fung
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - C W E So
- Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9NU, UK
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40
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Stepicheva N, Nigam PA, Siddam AD, Peng CF, Song JL. microRNAs regulate β-catenin of the Wnt signaling pathway in early sea urchin development. Dev Biol 2015; 402:127-41. [PMID: 25614238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Development of complex multicellular organisms requires careful regulation at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Post-transcriptional gene regulation is in part mediated by a class of non-coding RNAs of 21-25 nucleotides in length known as microRNAs (miRNAs). β-catenin, regulated by the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, has a highly evolutionarily conserved function in patterning early metazoan embryos, in forming the Anterior-Posterior axis, and in establishing the endomesoderm. Using reporter constructs and site-directed mutagenesis, we identified at least three miRNA binding sites within the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the sea urchin β-catenin. Further, blocking these three miRNA binding sites within the β-catenin 3'UTR to prevent regulation of endogenous β-catenin by miRNAs resulted in a minor increase in β-catenin protein accumulation that is sufficient to induce aberrant gut morphology and circumesophageal musculature. These phenotypes are likely the result of increased transcript levels of Wnt responsive endomesodermal regulatory genes. This study demonstrates the importance of miRNA regulation of β-catenin in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Stepicheva
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 323 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Priya A Nigam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 323 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Archana D Siddam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 323 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Chieh Fu Peng
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA
| | - Jia L Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, 323 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Li XX, Gao SY, Wang PY, Zhou X, Li YJ, Yu Y, Yan YF, Zhang HH, Lv CJ, Zhou HH, Xie SY. Reduced expression levels of let-7c in human breast cancer patients. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:1207-1212. [PMID: 25663883 PMCID: PMC4315068 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.2877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are important in the diagnosis of a number of diseases, since serum or plasma miRNAs are more stable compared with miRNA isolated from blood samples. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the expression levels of serum let-7c miRNA and the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). The circulating let-7c levels of 90 BC patients and 64 healthy controls were determined by performing a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The results demonstrated that let-7c expression was downregulated in the BC tissues compared with the paracarcinoma control tissues. In addition, the let-7c expression in the serum of BC patients was significantly lower compared with the healthy controls (P<0.01). Using a cutoff value of 0.374×103 copies/ml, the serum expression levels of let-7c exhibited 87.5% sensitivity and 78.9% specificity for distinguishing BC patients from healthy controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.848; 95% confidence interval, 0.785-0.911). Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the serum expression levels of let-7c were significantly higher in premenopausal compared with postmenopausal patients (P<0.05), supporting the hypothesis that postmenopausal status may affect the serum expression levels of let-7c. However, no statistically significant differences were detected in the serum levels of let-7c between ER (or PR)-positive and -negative patients. Therefore, the current study hypothesized that serum let-7c may be used as a novel and valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yan Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - You-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Fei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Han-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Jun Lv
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
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Chen PH, Shih CM, Chang WC, Cheng CH, Lin CW, Ho KH, Su PC, Chen KC. MicroRNA-302b-inhibited E2F3 transcription factor is related to all trans retinoic acid-induced glioma cell apoptosis. J Neurochem 2014; 131:731-42. [PMID: 25040912 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a derivative of retinoid, is involved in the onset of differentiation and apoptosis in a wide variety of normal and cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression. Several miRNAs were identified to participate in ATRA-mediated cell differentiation. However, no studies have demonstrated whether miRNA can enhance ATRA cytotoxicity, thereby resulting in cell apoptosis. This study investigated the effects of ATRA-mediated miRNA expression in activating apoptotic pathways in glioblastoma. First, we found that high-dose ATRA treatment significantly reduced cell viability, caspase-dependent apoptosis, endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress activation, and intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation. From microarray data, miR-302b was analyzed as a putative downstream regulator upon ATRA treatment. Furthermore, we found that ATRA up-regulated miR-302b expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner through retinoic acid receptor α-mediated pathway. Overexpression and knockdown of miR-302b significantly influenced ATRA-mediated cytotoxicity. E2F3, an important transcriptional regulator of glioma proliferation, was validated to be a direct target gene of miR-302b. The miR-302b-reduced E2F3 levels were also identified to be associated with ATRA-mediated glioma cell death. These results emphasize that an ATRA-mediated miR-302b network may provide novel therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma therapy. We propose that high-dose all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment, a derivative of retinoid, significantly induces glioblastoma cell apoptosis via caspase-dependent apoptosis, endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The miR-302b overexpression enhanced by ATRA-mediated retinoic acid receptor (RAR)α pathway was also identified. The E2F3 repression, a novel target gene of miR-302b, was involved in ATRA-induced glioblastoma cell cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Hsu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sahin U, Ferhi O, Carnec X, Zamborlini A, Peres L, Jollivet F, Vitaliano-Prunier A, de Thé H, Lallemand-Breitenbach V. Interferon controls SUMO availability via the Lin28 and let-7 axis to impede virus replication. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4187. [PMID: 24942926 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) protein conjugation onto target proteins regulates multiple cellular functions, including defence against pathogens, stemness and senescence. SUMO1 peptides are limiting in quantity and are thus mainly conjugated to high-affinity targets. Conjugation of SUMO2/3 paralogues is primarily stress inducible and may initiate target degradation. Here we demonstrate that the expression of SUMO1/2/3 is dramatically enhanced by interferons through an miRNA-based mechanism involving the Lin28/let-7 axis, a master regulator of stemness. Normal haematopoietic progenitors indeed display much higher SUMO contents than their differentiated progeny. Critically, SUMOs contribute to the antiviral effects of interferons against HSV1 or HIV. Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies are interferon-induced domains, which facilitate sumoylation of a subset of targets. Our findings thus identify an integrated interferon-responsive PML/SUMO pathway that impedes viral replication by enhancing SUMO conjugation and possibly also modifying the repertoire of targets. Interferon-enhanced post-translational modifications may be essential for senescence or stem cell self-renewal, and initiate SUMO-dependent proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Sahin
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Omar Ferhi
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Xavier Carnec
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Alessia Zamborlini
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [4] Department CASER, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris 75003, France
| | - Laurent Peres
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Florence Jollivet
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Adeline Vitaliano-Prunier
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Hugues de Thé
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [4]
| | - Valérie Lallemand-Breitenbach
- 1] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [2] INSERM U944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France [3] CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
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Emmrich S, Rasche M, Schöning J, Reimer C, Keihani S, Maroz A, Xie Y, Li Z, Schambach A, Reinhardt D, Klusmann JH. miR-99a/100~125b tricistrons regulate hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homeostasis by shifting the balance between TGFβ and Wnt signaling. Genes Dev 2014; 28:858-74. [PMID: 24736844 PMCID: PMC4003278 DOI: 10.1101/gad.233791.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
miR-99a/100, let-7, and miR-125b paralogs are encoded in two tricistrons and are highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Emmrich et al. demonstrate that miR-99a/100∼125b tricistrons are transcribed as a polycistronic message and functionally converge at the combinatorial block of the TGFβ pathway. Down-regulating tumor suppressor genes APC/APC2 stabilized active β-catenin and enhanced Wnt signaling. These tricistronic miRNAs promoted sustained expansion of murine and human HSCs by switching the balance between Wnt and TGFβ signaling. Although regulation of stem cell homeostasis by microRNAs (miRNAs) is well studied, it is unclear how individual miRNAs genomically encoded within an organized polycistron can interact to induce an integrated phenotype. miR-99a/100, let-7, and miR-125b paralogs are encoded in two tricistrons on human chromosomes 11 and 21. They are highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL), an aggressive form of leukemia with poor prognosis. Here, we show that miR-99a/100∼125b tricistrons are transcribed as a polycistronic message transactivated by the homeobox transcription factor HOXA10. Integrative analysis of global gene expression profiling, miRNA target prediction, and pathway architecture revealed that miR-99a/100, let-7, and miR-125b functionally converge at the combinatorial block of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway by targeting four receptor subunits and two SMAD signaling transducers. In addition, down-regulation of tumor suppressor genes adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/APC2 stabilizes active β-catenin and enhances Wnt signaling. By switching the balance between Wnt and TGFβ signaling, the concerted action of these tricistronic miRNAs promoted sustained expansion of murine and human HSCs in vitro or in vivo while favoring megakaryocytic differentiation. Hence, our study explains the high phylogenetic conservation of the miR-99a/100∼125b tricistrons controlling stem cell homeostasis, the deregulation of which contributes to the development of AMKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Emmrich
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
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Blandino G, Fazi F, Donzelli S, Kedmi M, Sas-Chen A, Muti P, Strano S, Yarden Y. Tumor suppressor microRNAs: a novel non-coding alliance against cancer. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2639-52. [PMID: 24681102 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor initiation and progression are the outcomes of a stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations. Among these, gene amplification and aberrant expression of oncogenic proteins, as well as deletion or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, represent hallmark steps. Mounting evidence collected over the last few years has identified different populations of non-coding RNAs as major players in tumor suppression in almost all cancer types. Elucidating the diverse molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression might provide illuminating insights, potentially able to assist improved diagnosis, better staging and effective treatments of human cancers. Here we focus on several groups of tumor suppressor microRNAs, whose downregulation exerts a profound oncologic impact and might be harnessed for the benefit of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Merav Kedmi
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biological Regulation, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aldema Sas-Chen
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biological Regulation, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biological Regulation, Rehovot, Israel
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Pelosi A, Careccia S, Sagrestani G, Nanni S, Manni I, Schinzari V, Martens JH, Farsetti A, Stunnenberg HG, Gentileschi MP, Del Bufalo D, De Maria R, Piaggio G, Rizzo MG. Dual Promoter Usage as Regulatory Mechanism of let-7c Expression in Leukemic and Solid Tumors. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 12:878-89. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
MicroRNA MicroRNA s (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs acting as endogenous regulators of gene expression. Their discovery is one of the major recent breakthroughs in molecular biology. miRNAs establish a multiplicity of relationships with target mRNAs and exert pleiotropic biological effects in many cell physiological pathways during development and adult life. The dynamic nature of gene expression regulation by Retinoic Acid Retinoic acid (RA) is consistent with an extensive functional interplay with miRNA activities. In fact, RA regulates the expression of many different miRNAs, thus suggesting a relevant function of miRNAs in RA-controlled gene expression programmes. miRNAs have been extensively studied as targets and mediators of the biological activity of RA during embryonic development as well as in normal and neoplastic cells. However, relatively few studies have experimentally explored the direct contribution of miRNA function to the RA signalling pathway. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanistic aspects that allow miRNA biogenesis, functional activation and regulation, focusing on recent evidence that highlights a functional interplay between miRNAs and RA-regulated molecular networks. We report examples of tissue-specific roles of miRNAs modulated by RA in stem cell pluripotency maintenance and regeneration, embryonic development, hematopoietic and neural differentiation, and other biological model systems, underlining their role in disease pathogenesis. We also address novel areas of research linking the RA signalling pathway to the nuclear activity of miRNAs.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Differentiation
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Embryonic Development
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology
- Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Multimerization
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism
- Retinoid X Receptors/genetics
- Retinoid X Receptors/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tretinoin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Nervi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy,
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Abstract
The discovery of retinoic acid receptors arose from research into how vitamins are essential for life. Early studies indicated that Vitamin A was metabolized into an active factor, retinoic acid (RA), which regulates RNA and protein expression in cells. Each step forward in our understanding of retinoic acid in human health was accomplished by the development and application of new technologies. Development cDNA cloning techniques and discovery of nuclear receptors for steroid hormones provided the basis for identification of two classes of retinoic acid receptors, RARs and RXRs, each of which has three isoforms, α, β and ɣ. DNA manipulation and crystallographic studies revealed that the receptors contain discrete functional domains responsible for binding to DNA, ligands and cofactors. Ligand binding was shown to induce conformational changes in the receptors that cause release of corepressors and recruitment of coactivators to create functional complexes that are bound to consensus promoter DNA sequences called retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) and that cause opening of chromatin and transcription of adjacent genes. Homologous recombination technology allowed the development of mice lacking expression of retinoic acid receptors, individually or in various combinations, which demonstrated that the receptors exhibit vital, but redundant, functions in fetal development and in vision, reproduction, and other functions required for maintenance of adult life. More recent advancements in sequencing and proteomic technologies reveal the complexity of retinoic acid receptor involvement in cellular function through regulation of gene expression and kinase activity. Future directions will require systems biology approaches to decipher how these integrated networks affect human stem cells, health, and disease.
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Dai CW, Bai QW, Zhang GS, Cao YX, Shen JK, Pei MF, Yin CC. MicroRNA let-7f is down-regulated in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia and is involved in chemotherapy resistance of adriamycin-resistant leukemic cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1645-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.847936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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