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da Silva JLG, Viana AR, Passos DF, Krause LMF, Miron VV, Schetinger MRC, Pillat MM, Palma TV, Leal DBR. Istradefylline modulates purinergic enzymes and reduces malignancy-associated factors in B16F10 melanoma cells. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:633-650. [PMID: 36522571 PMCID: PMC10754812 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP and adenosine exert pivotal roles in the development, maintenance, and metastatic spreading of melanoma. The action of such key melanoma tumor microenvironment (TME) constituents might be complementary or opposed, and their effects are not exclusive to immune cells but also to other host cells and tumor cells. The effects of ATP are controlled by the axis CD39/73, resulting in adenosine, the main actor in the TME, and A2A is the crucial mediator of its effects. We evaluated ATP and adenosine signaling through A2A on B16F10 melanoma cells using istradefylline (IST) (antiparkinsonian A2A antagonist) and caffeine (CAF) treatments after exposure to ATP and adenosine. Adenosine increased melanoma cell viability and proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. ATP increases viability only as a substrate by CD39 to produce adenosine. Both IST and CAF are toxic to B16F10 cells, but only IST potentialized paclitaxel-induced cytotoxic effects, even decreasing its IC50 value. IST positively modulated CD39 and CD73 expression. CD39 activity was increased, and E-ADA was reduced, indicating that the melanoma cells promoted compensatory feedback in the production and maintenance of adenosine levels. A2A antagonism by IST reduced the factors associated with malignancy, like migration, adhesion, colony formation, and the capacity to produce melanin. Moreover, IST significantly increases nitric oxide (NO) production, which correlates to a decline in melanoma cell viability by apoptotic events. Altogether, our results suggest that adenosine signaling through A2A is essential for B16F10 cells, and its inhibition by IST causes compensatory purinergic enzymatic modulations. Furthermore, IST is a promising therapy that provides new ways to improve current melanoma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Lucas Gutknecht da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Altevir Rossato Viana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Nanociências, Laboratório de Biociências, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Ferreira Passos
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Valéria Miron
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Micheli Mainardi Pillat
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Taís Vidal Palma
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bitencourt Rosa Leal
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Departamento de Microbiologia E Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Deliktas O, Gedik ME, Koc I, Gunaydin G, Kiratli H. Modulation of AMPK Significantly Alters Uveal Melanoma Tumor Cell Viability. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 66:1230-1244. [PMID: 37647867 PMCID: PMC10614466 DOI: 10.1159/000533806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uveal melanoma (UM) responds poorly to targeted therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal serine/threonine protein kinase that coordinates vital processes such as cell growth. Targeting AMPK pathway, which represents a critical mechanism mediating the survival of UM cells, may prove to be a novel treatment strategy for UM. We aimed to demonstrate the effects of AMPK modulation on UM cells. METHODS In silico analyses were performed to compare UM and normal melanocyte cells via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The effects of AMPK modulation on cell viability and proliferation in UM cell lines with different molecular profiles (i.e., 92-1, MP46, OMM2.5, and Mel270) were investigated via XTT cell viability and proliferation assays after treating the cells with varying concentrations of A-769662 (AMPK activator) or dorsomorphin (AMPK inhibitor). RESULTS KEGG/GSEA studies demonstrated that genes implicated in the AMPK signaling pathway were differentially regulated in UM. Gene sets comprising genes involved in AMPK signaling and genes involved in energy-dependent regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin by liver kinase B1-AMPK were downregulated in UM. We observed gradual decreases in the numbers of viable UM cells as the concentration of A-769662 treatment increased. All UM cells demonstrated statistically significant decreases in cell viability when treated with 200 µm A-769662. Moreover, the effects of AMPK inhibition on UM cells were potent, since low doses of dorsomorphin treatment resulted in significant decreases in viabilities of UM cells. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values confirmed the potency of dorsomorphin treatment against UM in vitro. CONCLUSION AMPK may act like a friend or a foe in cancer depending on the context. As such, the current study contributes to the literature in determining the effects of therapeutic strategies targeting AMPK in several UM cells. We propose a new perspective in the treatment of UM. Targeting AMPK pathway may open up new avenues in developing novel therapeutic approaches to improve overall survival in UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Deliktas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bursa City Hospital, Nilufer, Turkey
| | - M. Emre Gedik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irem Koc
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hayyam Kiratli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
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Jeju Magma-Seawater Inhibits α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis via CaMKKβ-AMPK Signaling Pathways in B16F10 Melanoma Cells. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090473. [PMID: 32962063 PMCID: PMC7551477 DOI: 10.3390/md18090473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin protects skin from ultraviolet radiation, toxic drugs, and chemicals. Its synthesis is sophisticatedly regulated by multiple mechanisms, including transcriptional and enzymatic controls. However, uncontrolled excessive production of melanin can cause serious dermatological disorders, such as freckles, melasma, solar lentigo, and cancer. Moreover, melanogenesis disorders are also linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, there is a huge demand for safer and more potent inhibitors of melanogenesis. In the present study, we report novel inhibitory effects of Jeju magma-seawater (JMS) on melanogenesis induced by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in B16F10 melanoma cells. JMS is the abundant underground seawater found in Jeju Island, a volcanic island of Korea. Research into the physiological effects of JMS is rapidly increasing due to its high contents of various minerals that are essential to human health. However, little is known about the effects of JMS on melanogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that JMS safely and effectively inhibits α-MSH-induced melanogenesis via the CaMKKβ (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β)-AMPK (5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway. We further demonstrate that AMPK inhibits the signaling pathways of protein kinase A and MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinase), which are critical for melanogenesis-related gene expression. Our results highlight the potential of JMS as a novel therapeutic agent for ameliorating skin pigmentation-related disorders.
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Qin Y, Sekine I, Hanazono M, Morinaga T, Fan M, Takiguchi Y, Tada Y, Shingyoji M, Yamaguchi N, Tagawa M. AMPK activation induced in pemetrexed-treated cells is associated with development of drug resistance independently of target enzyme expression. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1419-1432. [PMID: 31033201 PMCID: PMC6547620 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemetrexed (PEM) inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis and is currently one of the first‐line agents for mesothelioma. PEM suppresses the activities of several enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine synthesis, and elevated activity of these enzymes in tumors is often linked with resistance to PEM. The agent also stimulates AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and consequently influences the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathways. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether PEM resistance is linked to the AMPK or mTORC1 pathways. Here, we established two independent PEM‐resistant mesothelioma cell lines in which expression of the PEM‐target enzymes was not elevated, and found that levels of phosphorylated AMPK and p70S6K and, to a lesser extent, levels of phosphorylated AKT and p53, were increased in these cells as compared with the respective parent cells. PEM stimulation also augmented phosphorylation of AMPK, p70S6K, AKT and p53 in most cases. An AMPK activator increased phosphorylation and PEM resistance in parental cells, and the inhibitor decreased the resistance of PEM‐resistant cells. In contrast, inhibitors for p70S6K and AKT did not influence PEM resistance; furthermore, increased levels of endogenous p53 did not affect PEM sensitivity. These data collectively indicate that constitutive activation of AMPK is associated with PEM resistance, and that this is unconnected with elevated DNA and RNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Qin
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Ikuo Sekine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Michiko Hanazono
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Takao Morinaga
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Mengmeng Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takiguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Yuji Tada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | | | - Naoto Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tagawa
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
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Lim J, Nam S, Jeong JH, Kim MJ, Yang Y, Lee MS, Lee HG, Ryu JH, Lim JS. Kazinol U inhibits melanogenesis through the inhibition of tyrosinase-related proteins via AMP kinase activation. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:737-750. [PMID: 30579288 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Kazinol U is a prenylated flavan isolated from an extract of Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb (Moraceae). Kazinol U has shown cytoprotective effects against cytokine-induced apoptotic cell death and induces AMP kinase (AMPK) activation through LKB1 activation. However, kazinol U has not been tested as a regulator of melanogenesis, although bark extract of B. kazinoki has been used as a cosmetic ingredient for skin conditioning. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We cultured mouse, human melanoma cells and normal human melanocytes to demonstrate anti-melanogenic effects of kazinol U. A tyrosinase activity assay, Western blot, RT-qPCR and a luciferase reporter gene assay were performed to determine the anti-melanogenic mechanisms of kazinol U. We confirmed its effect on melanogenesis in vivo using zebrafish. KEY RESULTS Kazinol U inhibited the expression and activity of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis, and reduced tyrosinase expression and activity in response to cAMP-inducing agents. Kazinol U reduced the expression of other melanogenic enzymes, such as tyrosinase-related protein (Tyrp) 1 and Tyrp2, and down-regulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), the master regulator of the tyrosinase gene family. Moreover, kazinol U induced phosphorylation of AMPK and MAPK proteins, which are MITF inhibitors. It also exhibited anti-melanogenic effects in zebrafish, a recently developed in vivo model. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that kazinol U reduces melanogenesis via its inhibitory effect on MITF and its downstream target genes, tyrosinase, Tyrp1 and Tyrp2. This work may provide a basis for the application of kazinol U for the treatment of hyperpigmentation skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lim
- Department of Biological Science and Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sorim Nam
- Department of Biological Science and Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Jeong
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Biological Science and Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Medical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lim
- Department of Biological Science and Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ctortecka C, Palve V, Kuenzi BM, Fang B, Sumi NJ, Izumi V, Novakova S, Kinose F, Remsing Rix LL, Haura EB, Koomen JM, Rix U. Functional Proteomics and Deep Network Interrogation Reveal a Complex Mechanism of Action of Midostaurin in Lung Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:2434-2447. [PMID: 30217950 PMCID: PMC6283294 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is associated with high prevalence and mortality, and despite significant successes with targeted drugs in genomically defined subsets of lung cancer and immunotherapy, the majority of patients currently does not benefit from these therapies. Through a targeted drug screen, we found the recently approved multi-kinase inhibitor midostaurin to have potent activity in several lung cancer cells independent of its intended target, PKC, or a specific genomic marker. To determine the underlying mechanism of action we applied a layered functional proteomics approach and a new data integration method. Using chemical proteomics, we identified multiple midostaurin kinase targets in these cells. Network-based integration of these targets with quantitative tyrosine and global phosphoproteomics data using protein-protein interactions from the STRING database suggested multiple targets are relevant for the mode of action of midostaurin. Subsequent functional validation using RNA interference and selective small molecule probes showed that simultaneous inhibition of TBK1, PDPK1 and AURKA was required to elicit midostaurin's cellular effects. Immunoblot analysis of downstream signaling nodes showed that combined inhibition of these targets altered PI3K/AKT and cell cycle signaling pathways that in part converged on PLK1. Furthermore, rational combination of midostaurin with the potent PLK1 inhibitor BI2536 elicited strong synergy. Our results demonstrate that combination of complementary functional proteomics approaches and subsequent network-based data integration can reveal novel insight into the complex mode of action of multi-kinase inhibitors, actionable targets for drug discovery and cancer vulnerabilities. Finally, we illustrate how this knowledge can be used for the rational design of synergistic drug combinations with high potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ctortecka
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Vinayak Palve
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Brent M Kuenzi
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612; Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620
| | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Natalia J Sumi
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612; Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620
| | - Victoria Izumi
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Silvia Novakova
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Fumi Kinose
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Lily L Remsing Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - John Matthew Koomen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Uwe Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612.
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Ishoey M, Chorn S, Singh N, Jaeger MG, Brand M, Paulk J, Bauer S, Erb MA, Parapatics K, Müller AC, Bennett KL, Ecker GF, Bradner JE, Winter GE. Translation Termination Factor GSPT1 Is a Phenotypically Relevant Off-Target of Heterobifunctional Phthalimide Degraders. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:553-560. [PMID: 29356495 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein degradation is an emerging therapeutic strategy with a unique molecular pharmacology that enables the disruption of all functions associated with a target. This is particularly relevant for proteins depending on molecular scaffolding, such as transcription factors or receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). To address tractability of multiple RTKs for chemical degradation by the E3 ligase CUL4-RBX1-DDB1-CRBN (CRL4CRBN), we synthesized a series of phthalimide degraders based on the promiscuous kinase inhibitors sunitinib and PHA665752. While both series failed to induce degradation of their consensus targets, individual molecules displayed pronounced efficacy in leukemia cell lines. Orthogonal target identification supported by molecular docking led us to identify the translation termination factor G1 to S phase transition 1 (GSPT1) as a converging off-target, resulting from inadvertent E3 ligase modulation. This research highlights the importance of monitoring degradation events that are independent of the respective targeting ligand as a unique feature of small-molecule degraders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Ishoey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana−Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Someth Chorn
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Natesh Singh
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin G. Jaeger
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Brand
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joshiawa Paulk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana−Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sophie Bauer
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A. Erb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana−Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Katja Parapatics
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - André C. Müller
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Keiryn L. Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard F. Ecker
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - James E. Bradner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana−Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Georg E. Winter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH Bt. 25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Bang S, Won KH, Moon HR, Yoo H, Hong A, Song Y, Chang SE. Novel regulation of melanogenesis by adiponectin via the AMPK/CRTC pathway. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 30:553-557. [PMID: 28481450 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Several studies observed that adiponectin, an important adipokine that improves glucose metabolism by regulating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, is dermatologically beneficial. In our recent microarray data, we found that adiponectin expression was lower in lesional skin than in non-lesional skin of melasma patients. Given that AMPK is a key adiponectin signaling mediator, we investigated the role of adiponectin and AICAR, a cell-permeable AMPK activator, in melanogenesis. We herein showed that adiponectin and AICAR downregulated MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and DCT expression and reduced melanin content in normal human and mouse melanocytes. The depigmenting effect of adiponectin was mediated via AMPK activation, which induced the inhibitory phosphorylation of CREB-regulated transcription co-activators (CRTCs) and subsequent suppression of the novel CRTC/CREB pathway in melanocytes. These findings suggest that adiponectin and its analogs are useful as a clinical strategy for treating hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Hee Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanju Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Areum Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngsup Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Li J, Zhong L, Wang F, Zhu H. Dissecting the role of AMP-activated protein kinase in human diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:249-259. [PMID: 28540163 PMCID: PMC5430814 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), known as a sensor and a master of cellular energy balance, integrates various regulatory signals including anabolic and catabolic metabolic processes. Accompanying the application of genetic methods and a plethora of AMPK agonists, rapid progress has identified AMPK as an attractive therapeutic target for several human diseases, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and neurodegenerative disease. The role of AMPK in metabolic and energetic modulation both at the intracellular and whole body levels has been reviewed elsewhere. In the present review, we summarize and update the paradoxical role of AMPK implicated in the diseases mentioned above and put forward the challenge encountered. Thus it will be expected to provide important clues for exploring rational methods of intervention in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liping Zhong
- Life Science College of Tarim University, Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +86 10 62810295.
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Beijing 100050, China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. Tel./fax: +86 10 63188106.
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Song W, Yan CY, Zhou QQ, Zhen LL. Galangin potentiates human breast cancer to apoptosis induced by TRAIL through activating AMPK. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:845-856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Aida S, Sonobe Y, Yuhki M, Sakata K, Fujii T, Sakamoto H, Mizuno T. MITF suppression by CH5552074 inhibits cell growth in melanoma cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:1187-1193. [PMID: 28447210 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although treatment of melanoma with BRAF inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors achieves a high response rate, a subset of melanoma patients with intrinsic and acquired resistance are insensitive to these therapeutics, so to improve melanoma therapy other target molecules need to be found. Here, we screened our chemical library to identify an anti-melanoma agent and examined its action mechanisms to show cell growth inhibition activity. METHODS We screened a chemical library against multiple skin cancer cell lines and conducted ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) to investigate the mechanisms of CH5552074 activity. Suppression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression levels was determined in melanoma cells treated with CH5552074. Cell growth inhibition activity of CH5552074 was evaluated in MITF-dependent melanoma cell lines. RESULTS We identified an anti-melanoma compound, CH5552074, which showed remarkable cell growth inhibition activity in melanoma cell lines. The IPA results suggested that CH5552074-sensitive cell lines had activated MITF. In further in vitro studies in the melanoma cell lines, a knockdown of MITF with siRNA resulted in cell growth inhibition, which showed that CH5552074 inhibited cell growth by reducing the expression level of MITF protein. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that CH5552074 can inhibit cell growth in melanoma cells by reducing the protein level of MITF. MITF inhibition by CH5552074 would be an attractive option for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Aida
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Sonobe
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Munehiro Yuhki
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Sakata
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Fujii
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakamoto
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
| | - Takakazu Mizuno
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8530, Japan
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12
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Zhou F, Xu X, Wang D, Wu J, Wang J. Identification of novel NF-κB transcriptional targets in TNFα-treated HeLa and HepG2 cells. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:555-569. [PMID: 28276104 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Identification of target genes of NF-κB is critical for deeply understanding its biological functions. Here, we identified five novel NF-κB target genes. Firstly, we found that 20 NF-κB potential target genes (PTGs) identified by ChIP-Seq and Genechip assay were enriched into the KEGG term of Pathways in cancer, 16 of them were enriched into the KEGG pathways of small cell lung cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, basal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. Among these PTGs, there are many documented NF-κB target genes. Therefore, NF-κB may play important role in cancer progression by transcriptionally regulating these genes. Apart from the known target genes, we also found some novel PTGs including CYCS, MITF, FZD1, FZD8, and PIAS1. We subsequently demonstrated whether NF-κB transcriptionally control the five PTGs. The ChIP-Seq assay revealed that NF-κB/p65 bound to these genes in TNFα-treated HeLa. The bioinformatic analysis indicated that the NF-κB binding regions (i.e., ChIP-Seq peaks) contained κB sites and NF-κB/RelA DNA-binding motif. The ChIP-qPCR assay also confirmed that NF-κB bound to these regions in both TNFα-treated HeLa and HepG2 cells. The reporter construct showed that NF-κB could regulate luciferase expression via its binding region. Finally, qPCR and Western blot assay demonstrated that NF-κB indeed regulated the expression of these genes in the TNFα-treated HeLa and HepG2 cells. In a word, CYCS, MITF, FZD1, FZD8, and PIAS1 were identified as bona fide NF-κB target genes. These findings provide more insights into the role of NF-κB in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.,School of Life Sciences and Food Technology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Xinhui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jinke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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13
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Khan AS, Frigo DE. A spatiotemporal hypothesis for the regulation, role, and targeting of AMPK in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2017; 14:164-180. [PMID: 28169991 PMCID: PMC5672799 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2016.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master regulator of cellular homeostasis. Despite AMPK's known function in physiology, its role in pathological processes such as prostate cancer is enigmatic. However, emerging evidence is now beginning to decode the paradoxical role of AMPK in cancer and, therefore, inform clinicians if - and how - AMPK could be therapeutically targeted. Spatiotemporal regulation of AMPK complexes could be one of the mechanisms that governs this kinase's role in cancer. We hypothesize that different upstream stimuli will activate select subcellular AMPK complexes. This hypothesis is supported by the distinct subcellular locations of the various AMPK subunits. Each of these unique AMPK complexes regulates discrete downstream processes that can be tumour suppressive or oncogenic. AMPK's final biological output is then determined by the weighted net function of these downstream signalling events, influenced by additional prostate-specific signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha S. Khan
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Daniel E. Frigo
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
- Genomic Medicine Program, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
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14
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Radic-Sarikas B, Tsafou KP, Emdal KB, Papamarkou T, Huber KVM, Mutz C, Toretsky JA, Bennett KL, Olsen JV, Brunak S, Kovar H, Superti-Furga G. Combinatorial Drug Screening Identifies Ewing Sarcoma-specific Sensitivities. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:88-101. [PMID: 28062706 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in survival for Ewing sarcoma pediatric and adolescent patients have been modest over the past 20 years. Combinations of anticancer agents endure as an option to overcome resistance to single treatments caused by compensatory pathways. Moreover, combinations are thought to lessen any associated adverse side effects through reduced dosing, which is particularly important in childhood tumors. Using a parallel phenotypic combinatorial screening approach of cells derived from three pediatric tumor types, we identified Ewing sarcoma-specific interactions of a diverse set of targeted agents including approved drugs. We were able to retrieve highly synergistic drug combinations specific for Ewing sarcoma and identified signaling processes important for Ewing sarcoma cell proliferation determined by EWS-FLI1 We generated a molecular target profile of PKC412, a multikinase inhibitor with strong synergistic propensity in Ewing sarcoma, revealing its targets in critical Ewing sarcoma signaling routes. Using a multilevel experimental approach including quantitative phosphoproteomics, we analyzed the molecular rationale behind the disease-specific synergistic effect of simultaneous application of PKC412 and IGF1R inhibitors. The mechanism of the drug synergy between these inhibitors is different from the sum of the mechanisms of the single agents. The combination effectively inhibited pathway crosstalk and averted feedback loop repression, in EWS-FLI1-dependent manner. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(1); 88-101. ©2016 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Computational Biology/methods
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Discovery
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Drug Interactions
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Humans
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/antagonists & inhibitors
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Proteomics/methods
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, IGF Type 1
- Receptor, Insulin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Somatomedin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Sarcoma, Ewing/drug therapy
- Sarcoma, Ewing/genetics
- Sarcoma, Ewing/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Ewing/pathology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Staurosporine/analogs & derivatives
- Staurosporine/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka Radic-Sarikas
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kalliopi P Tsafou
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Kristina B Emdal
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Theodore Papamarkou
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kilian V M Huber
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Mutz
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jeffrey A Toretsky
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Keiryn L Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Heinrich Kovar
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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15
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Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important mediator in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK is activated in response to a shortage of energy. Once activated, AMPK can promote ATP production and regulate metabolic energy. AMPK is a known target for treating metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes; however, recently AMPK is emerging as a possible metabolic tumor suppressor and target for cancer prevention and treatment. Recent epidemiological studies indicate that treatment with metformin, an AMPK activator reduces the incidence of cancer. In this article we review the role of AMPK in regulating inflammation, metabolism, and other regulatory processes with an emphasis on cancer, as well as, discuss the potential for targeting AMPK to treat various types of cancer. Activation of AMPK has been found to oppose tumor progression in several cancer types and offers a promising cancer therapy. This review evaluates the evidence linking AMPK with tumor suppressor function and analyzes the molecular mechanisms involved. AMPK activity opposes tumor development and progression in part by regulating inflammation and metabolism.
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16
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Overcoming MITF-conferred drug resistance through dual AURKA/MAPK targeting in human melanoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2135. [PMID: 26962685 PMCID: PMC4823922 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor) is a frequently amplified lineage-specific oncogene in human melanoma, whose role in intrinsic drug resistance has not been systematically investigated. Utilizing chemical inhibitors for major signaling pathways/cellular processes, we witness MITF as an elicitor of intrinsic drug resistance. To search kinase(s) targets able to bypass MITF-conferred drug resistance, we employed a multi-kinase inhibitor-directed chemical proteomics-based differential affinity screen in human melanocytes carrying ectopic MITF overexpression. A subsequent methodical interrogation informed mitotic Ser/Thr kinase Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) as a crucial regulator of melanoma cell proliferation and migration, independent of the underlying molecular alterations, including TP53 functional status and MITF levels. Crucially, assessing the efficacy of investigational AURKA inhibitor MLN8237, we pre-emptively witness the procurement of a molecular program consistent with acquired drug resistance. This involved induction of multiple MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway components and their downstream proliferation effectors (Cyclin D1 and c-JUN) and apoptotic regulators (MITF and Bcl-2). A concomitant AURKA/BRAF and AURKA/MEK targeting overcame MAPK signaling activation-associated resistance signature in BRAF- and NRAS-mutated melanomas, respectively, and elicited heightened anti-proliferative activity and apoptotic cell death. These findings reveal a previously unreported MAPK signaling-mediated mechanism of immediate resistance to AURKA inhibitors. These findings could bear significant implications for the application and the success of anti-AURKA approaches that have already entered phase-II clinical trials for human melanoma.
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17
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Radic-Sarikas B, Rix U, Stukalov A, Gridling M, Müller AC, Colinge J, Superti-Furga G, Bennett KL. Enhancing cognate target elution efficiency in gel-free chemical proteomics. EUPA OPEN PROTEOMICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euprot.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Senft D, Ronai ZA. Immunogenic, cellular, and angiogenic drivers of tumor dormancy--a melanoma view. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2015; 29:27-42. [PMID: 26514653 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In tumor cells, the ability to maintain viability over long time periods without proliferation is referred to as a state of dormancy. Maintenance of dormancy is controlled by numerous cellular and environmental factors, from immune surveillance and tumor-stroma interaction to intracellular signaling. Interference of dormancy (to an 'awaken' state) is associated with reduced response to therapy, resulting in relapse or in metastatic burst. Thus, maintaining a dormant state should prolong therapeutic responses and delay metastasis. Technical obstacles in studying tumor dormancy have limited our understanding of underlying mechanisms and hampered our ability to target dormant cells. In this review, we summarize the progress of research in the field of immunogenic, angiogenic, and cellular dormancy in diverse malignancies with particular attention to our current understanding in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Senft
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ze'ev A Ronai
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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19
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Is 5´-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Both Jekyll and Hyde in Bladder Cancer? Int Neurourol J 2015; 19:55-66. [PMID: 26126434 PMCID: PMC4490316 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2015.19.2.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5´-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis in mammalian tissues. Metabolic adaptation is a critical step in ensuring cell survival during metabolic stress. Because of its critical role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, AMPK is involved in many human diseases, including cancers. Although AMPK signaling was originally characterized as a tumor-suppressive signaling pathway, several lines of evidence suggest that AMPK plays a much broader role and cannot simply be defined as either an oncogenic regulator or tumor suppressor. Notably, several recent studies demonstrated that the antitumorigenic effects of many indirect AMPK activators, such as metformin, do not depend on AMPK. Conversely, activation of AMPK induces the progression of cancers, emphasizing its oncogenic effect. Bladder cancer can be divided into two groups: non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The molecular mechanisms underlying these two types of cancer are distinct: NMIBC is associated with activation of the Ras pathway, whereas MIBC is characterized by loss of major tumor suppressors. Importantly, both pathways are connected to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. In addition, our recent metabolomic findings suggest that β-oxidation of fatty acids is an important factor in the development of bladder cancer. Both mTOR and β-oxidation are tightly associated with the AMPK pathway. Here, I summarize and discuss the recent findings on the two distinct roles of AMPK in cancer, as well as the relationship between bladder cancer and AMPK.
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20
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Muellner MK, Mair B, Ibrahim Y, Kerzendorfer C, Lechtermann H, Trefzer C, Klepsch F, Müller AC, Leitner E, Macho-Maschler S, Superti-Furga G, Bennett KL, Baselga J, Rix U, Kubicek S, Colinge J, Serra V, Nijman SMB. Targeting a cell state common to triple-negative breast cancers. Mol Syst Biol 2015; 11:789. [PMID: 25699542 PMCID: PMC4358660 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20145664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Some mutations in cancer cells can be exploited for therapeutic intervention. However, for many cancer subtypes, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), no frequently recurring aberrations could be identified to make such an approach clinically feasible. Characterized by a highly heterogeneous mutational landscape with few common features, many TNBCs cluster together based on their ‘basal-like’ transcriptional profiles. We therefore hypothesized that targeting TNBC cells on a systems level by exploiting the transcriptional cell state might be a viable strategy to find novel therapies for this highly aggressive disease. We performed a large-scale chemical genetic screen and identified a group of compounds related to the drug PKC412 (midostaurin). PKC412 induced apoptosis in a subset of TNBC cells enriched for the basal-like subtype and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. We employed a multi-omics approach and computational modeling to address the mechanism of action and identified spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) as a novel and unexpected target in TNBC. Quantitative phosphoproteomics revealed that SYK inhibition abrogates signaling to STAT3, explaining the selectivity for basal-like breast cancer cells. This non-oncogene addiction suggests that chemical SYK inhibition may be beneficial for a specific subset of TNBC patients and demonstrates that targeting cell states could be a viable strategy to discover novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus K Muellner
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Mair
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yasir Ibrahim
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Kerzendorfer
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannelore Lechtermann
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Trefzer
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Freya Klepsch
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - André C Müller
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernestine Leitner
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keiryn L Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - José Baselga
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Uwe Rix
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Stefan Kubicek
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacques Colinge
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Violeta Serra
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastian M B Nijman
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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21
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The double-edged sword of AMPK signaling in cancer and its therapeutic implications. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:346-57. [PMID: 25575627 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a pivotal role in maintaining energy and redox homeostasis under various metabolic stress conditions. Metabolic adaptation, which can be triggered by the activation of AMPK during metabolic stress, is the critical process for cell survival through the maintenance of ATP and NADPH levels. The importance of such regulation of fundamental process poses the AMPK signaling pathway in one of the most attractive therapeutic targets in many pathologies such as diabetes and cancer. In cancer, however, accumulating data suggest that the role of AMPK would not be simply defined as anti- or pro-tumorigenic, but it seems to have two faces like a double-edged sword. Importantly, recent studies showed that the anti-tumorigenic effects of many 'indirect' AMPK activators such as anti-diabetic biguanides are not dependent on AMPK; rather the activation of AMPK induces the resistance to their cytotoxic effects, emphasizing the pro-tumorigenic effect of AMPK. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent findings suggesting the two faces of AMPK in cancer, and discuss how we can exploit this unique feature of AMPK for novel therapeutic intervention.
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22
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Gridling M, Ficarro SB, Breitwieser FP, Song L, Parapatics K, Colinge J, Haura EB, Marto JA, Superti-Furga G, Bennett KL, Rix U. Identification of kinase inhibitor targets in the lung cancer microenvironment by chemical and phosphoproteomics. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2751-62. [PMID: 25189542 PMCID: PMC4221415 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of gene mutations, which are recognized as cancer drivers, can be successfully targeted with drugs. The redundant and dynamic nature of oncogenic signaling networks and complex interactions between cancer cells and the microenvironment, however, can cause drug resistance. While these challenges can be addressed by developing drug combinations or polypharmacology drugs, this benefits greatly from a detailed understanding of the proteome-wide target profiles. Using mass spectrometry-based chemical proteomics, we report the comprehensive characterization of the drug-protein interaction networks for the multikinase inhibitors dasatinib and sunitinib in primary lung cancer tissue specimens derived from patients. We observed in excess of 100 protein kinase targets plus various protein complexes involving, for instance, AMPK, TBK1 (sunitinib), and ILK (dasatinib). Importantly, comparison with lung cancer cell lines and mouse xenografts thereof showed that most targets were shared between cell lines and tissues. Several targets, however, were only present in tumor tissues. In xenografts, most of these proteins were of mouse origin suggesting that they originate from the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, intersection with subsequent global phosphoproteomic analysis identified several activated signaling pathways. These included MAPK, immune, and integrin signaling, which were affected by these drugs in both cancer cells and the microenvironment. Thus, the combination of chemical and phosphoproteomics can generate a systems view of proteins, complexes, and signaling pathways that are simultaneously engaged by multitargeted drugs in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. This may allow for the design of novel anticancer therapies that concurrently target multiple tumor compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Gridling
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria
| | - Scott B Ficarro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Florian P Breitwieser
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria
| | - Lanxi Song
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Katja Parapatics
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacques Colinge
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria
| | - Keiryn L Bennett
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria
| | - Uwe Rix
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria. Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.
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23
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Bendale DS, Karpe PA, Chhabra R, Shete SP, Shah H, Tikoo K. 17-β Oestradiol prevents cardiovascular dysfunction in post-menopausal metabolic syndrome by affecting SIRT1/AMPK/H3 acetylation. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:779-95. [PMID: 23826814 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Oestrogen therapy is known to induce cardioprotection in post-menopausal metabolic syndrome (PMS). Hence, we investigated the effect of 17-β oestradiol (E2) on functional responses to angiotensin II and cardiovascular dysfunction in a rat model of PMS. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH PMS was induced in ovariectomized rats by feeding a high-fat diet for 10 weeks. Isometric tension responses of aortic rings to angiotensin II were recorded using an isometric force transducer. TUNEL assay and immunoblotting was performed to assess apoptosis and protein expression respectively in PMS. KEY RESULTS Endothelial dysfunction in PMS was characterized by enhanced angiotensin II-induced contractile responses and impaired endothelial dependent vasodilatation. This was associated with an increased protein expression of AT1 receptors in the aorta and heart in PMS. PMS induced cardiac apoptosis by activating Bax and PARP protein expression. These changes were associated with a down-regulation in the expression of silent information regulation 2 homologue (SIRT1)/P-AMP-activated PK (AMPK) and increased H3 acetylation in aorta and heart. E2 partially suppressed angiotensin II-induced contractions, restored the protein expression of SIRT1/P-AMPK and suppressed H3 acetylation. The role of SIRT1/AMPK was further highlighted by administration of sirtinol and compound C (ex vivo), which enhanced angiotensin II contractile responses and ablated the protective effect of E2 on PMS. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results provide novel mechanisms for PMS-induced cardiovascular dysfunction involving SIRT1/AMPK/ histone H3 acetylation, which was prevented by E2. The study suggests that therapies targeting SIRT1/AMPK/epigenetic modifications may be beneficial in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval Sharad Bendale
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, Punjab, India
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Inhibition of melanogenesis by the antidiabetic metformin. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:2589-2597. [PMID: 24756109 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Several reports have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of metformin, a widely used drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, on the proliferation of many cancers including melanoma. Recently, it has been shown that metformin is able to modulate the cAMP level in the liver. As cAMP has a crucial role in melanin synthesis and skin pigmentation, we investigated the effect of metformin on melanogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. We showed that metformin led to reduced melanin content in melanoma cells and in normal human melanocytes by decreasing cAMP accumulation and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein phosphorylation. This inhibitory effect is correlated with decreased expression of master genes of melanogenesis, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, dopachrome tautomerase, and tyrosinase-related protein 1. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the antimelanogenic effect of metformin is independent of the AMPK pathway. Interestingly, topical application of metformin induced tail whitening in mice. Finally, we confirmed the antimelanogenic effect of metformin on reconstituted human epidermis and on human skin biopsies. These data emphasize the depigmenting effect of metformin and suggest a clinical strategy for using metformin in the topical treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Bhandaru M, Martinka M, Li G, Rotte A. Loss of AMPKα1 expression is associated with poor survival in melanoma patients. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:1763-1766. [PMID: 24441100 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Bhandaru
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Magdalena Martinka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anand Rotte
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Bizzozero L, Cazzato D, Cervia D, Assi E, Simbari F, Pagni F, De Palma C, Monno A, Verdelli C, Querini PR, Russo V, Clementi E, Perrotta C. Acid sphingomyelinase determines melanoma progression and metastatic behaviour via the microphtalmia-associated transcription factor signalling pathway. Cell Death Differ 2013; 21:507-20. [PMID: 24317198 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a rapidly growing and highly metastatic cancer with high mortality rates, for which a resolutive treatment is lacking. Identification of novel therapeutic strategies and biomarkers of tumour stage is thus of particular relevance. We report here on a novel biomarker and possible candidate therapeutic target, the sphingolipid metabolising enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (A-SMase). A-SMase expression correlates inversely with tumour stage in human melanoma biopsies. Studies in a mouse model of melanoma and on cell lines derived from mouse and human melanomas demonstrated that A-SMase levels of expression actually determine the malignant phenotype of melanoma cells in terms of pigmentation, tumour progression, invasiveness and metastatic ability. The action of A-SMase is mediated by the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase, the subsequent proteasomal degradation of the Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf) and inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 2, Bcl-2 and c-Met, downstream targets of Mitf involved in tumour cell proliferation, survival and metastatisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bizzozero
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - D Cazzato
- 1] Scientific Institute IRCCS E Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy [2] Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - D Cervia
- 1] Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy [2] Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems, Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - E Assi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F Simbari
- Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Pagni
- Department of Pathology, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C De Palma
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Monno
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Verdelli
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P R Querini
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - V Russo
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - E Clementi
- 1] Scientific Institute IRCCS E Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy [2] Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Perrotta
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
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