1
|
Chauhan AS, Jhujh SS, Stewart GS. E3 ligases: a ubiquitous link between DNA repair, DNA replication and human disease. Biochem J 2024; 481:923-944. [PMID: 38985307 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20240124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of genome stability is of paramount importance for the survival of an organism. However, genomic integrity is constantly being challenged by various endogenous and exogenous processes that damage DNA. Therefore, cells are heavily reliant on DNA repair pathways that have evolved to deal with every type of genotoxic insult that threatens to compromise genome stability. Notably, inherited mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in these protective pathways trigger the onset of disease that is driven by chromosome instability e.g. neurodevelopmental abnormalities, neurodegeneration, premature ageing, immunodeficiency and cancer development. The ability of cells to regulate the recruitment of specific DNA repair proteins to sites of DNA damage is extremely complex but is primarily mediated by protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). Ubiquitylation is one such PTM, which controls genome stability by regulating protein localisation, protein turnover, protein-protein interactions and intra-cellular signalling. Over the past two decades, numerous ubiquitin (Ub) E3 ligases have been identified to play a crucial role not only in the initiation of DNA replication and DNA damage repair but also in the efficient termination of these processes. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how different Ub E3 ligases (RNF168, TRAIP, HUWE1, TRIP12, FANCL, BRCA1, RFWD3) function to regulate DNA repair and replication and the pathological consequences arising from inheriting deleterious mutations that compromise the Ub-dependent DNA damage response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anoop S Chauhan
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Satpal S Jhujh
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Grant S Stewart
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao H, Xi Z, Dai J, Xue J, Guan X, Zhao L, Chen Z, Xing F. Drug resistance mechanisms and treatment strategies mediated by Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases (USPs) in cancers: new directions and therapeutic options. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:88. [PMID: 38702734 PMCID: PMC11067278 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance represents a significant obstacle in cancer treatment, underscoring the need for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs), a subclass of deubiquitinating enzymes, play a pivotal role in protein deubiquitination. As scientific research advances, USPs have been recognized as key regulators of drug resistance across a spectrum of treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. This comprehensive review examines the complex relationship between USPs and drug resistance mechanisms, focusing on specific treatment strategies and highlighting the influence of USPs on DNA damage repair, apoptosis, characteristics of cancer stem cells, immune evasion, and other crucial biological functions. Additionally, the review highlights the potential clinical significance of USP inhibitors as a means to counter drug resistance in cancer treatment. By inhibiting particular USP, cancer cells can become more susceptible to a variety of anti-cancer drugs. The integration of USP inhibitors with current anti-cancer therapies offers a promising strategy to circumvent drug resistance. Therefore, this review emphasizes the importance of USPs as viable therapeutic targets and offers insight into fruitful directions for future research and drug development. Targeting USPs presents an effective method to combat drug resistance across various cancer types, leading to enhanced treatment strategies and better patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhuo Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jingwei Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jinqi Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Zhiguang Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Griffith-Jones S, Álvarez L, Mukhopadhyay U, Gharbi S, Rettel M, Adams M, Hennig J, Bhogaraju S. Structural basis for RAD18 regulation by MAGEA4 and its implications for RING ubiquitin ligase binding by MAGE family proteins. EMBO J 2024; 43:1273-1300. [PMID: 38448672 PMCID: PMC10987633 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
MAGEA4 is a cancer-testis antigen primarily expressed in the testes but aberrantly overexpressed in several cancers. MAGEA4 interacts with the RING ubiquitin ligase RAD18 and activates trans-lesion DNA synthesis (TLS), potentially favouring tumour evolution. Here, we employed NMR and AlphaFold2 (AF) to elucidate the interaction mode between RAD18 and MAGEA4, and reveal that the RAD6-binding domain (R6BD) of RAD18 occupies a groove in the C-terminal winged-helix subdomain of MAGEA4. We found that MAGEA4 partially displaces RAD6 from the RAD18 R6BD and inhibits degradative RAD18 autoubiquitination, which could be countered by a competing peptide of the RAD18 R6BD. AlphaFold2 and cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) also revealed an evolutionary invariant intramolecular interaction between the catalytic RING and the DNA-binding SAP domains of RAD18, which is essential for PCNA mono-ubiquitination. Using interaction proteomics, we found that another Type-I MAGE, MAGE-C2, interacts with the RING ubiquitin ligase TRIM28 in a manner similar to the MAGEA4/RAD18 complex, suggesting that the MAGEA4 peptide-binding groove also serves as a ligase-binding cleft in other type-I MAGEs. Our data provide new insights into the mechanism and regulation of RAD18-mediated PCNA mono-ubiquitination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucía Álvarez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Urbi Mukhopadhyay
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Gharbi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Mandy Rettel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Adams
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Janosch Hennig
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
- Biochemistry IV, Biophysical Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sagar Bhogaraju
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng YJ, Zhuang Z, Miao YL, Song SS, Bao XB, Yang CH, He JX. Identification of YCH2823 as a novel USP7 inhibitor for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116071. [PMID: 38387527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of the human ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7), the key deubiquitylating enzyme in regulating p53 protein levels, has been considered an attractive anticancer strategy. In order to enhance the cellular activity of FT671, scaffold hopping strategy was employed. This endeavor resulted in the discovery of YCH2823, a novel and potent USP7 inhibitor.YCH2823 demonstrated remarkable efficacy in inhibiting the growth of a specific subset of TP53 wild-type, -mutant, and MYCN-amplified cell lines, surpassing the potency of FT671 by approximately 5-fold. The mechanism of action of YCH2823 involves direct interaction with the catalytic domain of USP7, thereby impeding the cleavage of ubiquitinated substrates. An increase in the expression of p53 and p21, accompanied by G1 phase arrest and apoptosis, was observed upon treatment with YCH2823. Subsequently, the knockdown of p53 or p21 in CHP-212 cells exhibited a substantial reduction in sensitivity to YCH2823, as evidenced by a considerable increase in IC50 values up to 690-fold. Furthermore, YCH2823 treatment specifically enhanced the transcriptional and protein levels of BCL6 in sensitive cells. Moreover, a synergistic effect between USP7 inhibitors and mTOR inhibitors was observed, suggesting the possibility of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. In conclusion, YCH2823 exhibits potential as an anticancer agent for the treatment of both TP53 wild-type and -mutant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian Lin Avenue, Nanjing 210046 China
| | - Zhen Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Ling Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shan-Shan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu-Bin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chun-Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jin-Xue He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Cancer Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xian Lin Avenue, Nanjing 210046 China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bolhuis DL, Emanuele MJ, Brown NG. Friend or foe? Reciprocal regulation between E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:BST20230454. [PMID: 38414432 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that entails the covalent attachment of the small protein ubiquitin (Ub), which acts as a signal to direct protein stability, localization, or interactions. The Ub code is written by a family of enzymes called E3 Ub ligases (∼600 members in humans), which can catalyze the transfer of either a single ubiquitin or the formation of a diverse array of polyubiquitin chains. This code can be edited or erased by a different set of enzymes termed deubiquitinases (DUBs; ∼100 members in humans). While enzymes from these distinct families have seemingly opposing activities, certain E3-DUB pairings can also synergize to regulate vital cellular processes like gene expression, autophagy, innate immunity, and cell proliferation. In this review, we highlight recent studies describing Ub ligase-DUB interactions and focus on their relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek L Bolhuis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, U.S.A
| | - Michael J Emanuele
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Care Center, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, U.S.A
| | - Nicholas G Brown
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Care Center, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu X, Lu R, Yang Q, He J, Huang C, Cao Y, Zhou Z, Huang J, Li L, Chen R, Wang Y, Huang J, Xie R, Zhao X, Yu J. USP7 reduces the level of nuclear DICER, impairing DNA damage response and promoting cancer progression. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:170-189. [PMID: 37867415 PMCID: PMC10766207 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoribonuclease DICER is an RNase III enzyme that mainly processes microRNAs in the cytoplasm but also participates in nuclear functions such as chromatin remodelling, epigenetic modification and DNA damage repair. The expression of nuclear DICER is low in most human cancers, suggesting a tight regulation mechanism that is not well understood. Here, we found that ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7 (USP7), a deubiquitinase, bounded to DICER and reduced its nuclear protein level by promoting its ubiquitination and degradation through MDM2, a newly identified E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase for DICER. This USP7-MDM2-DICER axis impaired histone γ-H2AX signalling and the recruitment of DNA damage response (DDR) factors, possibly by influencing the processing of small DDR noncoding RNAs. We also showed that this negative regulation of DICER by USP7 via MDM2 was relevant to human tumours using cellular and clinical data. Our findings revealed a new way to understand the role of DICER in malignant tumour development and may offer new insights into the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Runhui Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Jianfeng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Caihu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Yingting Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Zihan Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Ruiyu Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauChina
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineChina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ren J, Yu P, Liu S, Li R, Niu X, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Zhou F, Zhang L. Deubiquitylating Enzymes in Cancer and Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303807. [PMID: 37888853 PMCID: PMC10754134 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) maintain relative homeostasis of the cellular ubiquitome by removing the post-translational modification ubiquitin moiety from substrates. Numerous DUBs have been demonstrated specificity for cleaving a certain type of ubiquitin linkage or positions within ubiquitin chains. Moreover, several DUBs perform functions through specific protein-protein interactions in a catalytically independent manner, which further expands the versatility and complexity of DUBs' functions. Dysregulation of DUBs disrupts the dynamic equilibrium of ubiquitome and causes various diseases, especially cancer and immune disorders. This review summarizes the Janus-faced roles of DUBs in cancer including proteasomal degradation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and tumor metastasis, as well as in immunity involving innate immune receptor signaling and inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. The prospects and challenges for the clinical development of DUB inhibitors are further discussed. The review provides a comprehensive understanding of the multi-faced roles of DUBs in cancer and immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ren
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
| | - Peng Yu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug DiscoveryShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesZhongshanGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Sijia Liu
- International Biomed‐X Research CenterSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou310058China
| | - Ran Li
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
| | - Xin Niu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450003P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Long Zhang
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
- International Biomed‐X Research CenterSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouP. R. China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu W, Lin L, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhang R. Protein modification regulated autophagy in Bombyx mori and Drosophila melanogaster. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1281555. [PMID: 38028759 PMCID: PMC10665574 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1281555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications refer to the chemical alterations of proteins following their biosynthesis, leading to changes in protein properties. These modifications, which encompass acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, SUMOylation, ubiquitination, and others, are pivotal in a myriad of cellular functions. Macroautophagy, also known as autophagy, is a major degradation of intracellular components to cope with stress conditions and strictly regulated by nutrient depletion, insulin signaling, and energy production in mammals. Intriguingly, in insects, 20-hydroxyecdysone signaling predominantly stimulates the expression of most autophagy-related genes while concurrently inhibiting mTOR activity, thereby initiating autophagy. In this review, we will outline post-translational modification-regulated autophagy in insects, including Bombyx mori and Drosophila melanogaster, in brief. A more profound understanding of the biological significance of post-translational modifications in autophagy machinery not only unveils novel opportunities for autophagy intervention strategies but also illuminates their potential roles in development, cell differentiation, and the process of learning and memory processes in both insects and mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenmei Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luobin Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuntao Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaqin Li
- Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park HB, Baek KH. Current and future directions of USP7 interactome in cancer study. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188992. [PMID: 37775071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is an essential protein quality controller for regulating protein homeostasis and autophagy. Ubiquitination is a protein modification process that involves the binding of one or more ubiquitins to substrates through a series of enzymatic processes. These include ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2), and ubiquitin ligases (E3). Conversely, deubiquitination is a reverse process that removes ubiquitin from substrates via deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Dysregulation of ubiquitination-related enzymes can lead to various human diseases, including cancer, through the modulation of protein ubiquitination. The most structurally and functionally studied DUB is the ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7). Both the TRAF and UBL domains of USP7 are known to bind to the [P/A/E]-X-X-S or K-X-X-X-K motif of substrates. USP7 has been shown to be involved in cancer pathogenesis by binding with numerous substrates. Recently, a novel substrate of USP7 was discovered through a systemic analysis of its binding motif. This review summarizes the currently discovered substrates and cellular functions of USP7 in cancer and suggests putative substrates of USP7 through a comprehensive systemic analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Beom Park
- Department of Convergence, CHA University, Gyeonggi-Do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Convergence, CHA University, Gyeonggi-Do 13488, Republic of Korea; International Ubiquitin Center(,) CHA University, Gyeonggi-Do 13488, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu H, Han J, Lv Y, Zhao Z, Zheng S, Sun Y, Sun T. Isorhamnetin and anti-PD-L1 antibody dual-functional mesoporous silica nanoparticles improve tumor immune microenvironment and inhibit YY1-mediated tumor progression. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:208. [PMID: 37408047 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody can inhibit the progress of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) can promote tumor migration and the formation of immune-suppression microenvironment, which affects the therapeutic effect of ICI. Yin-yang-1 (YY1) is an important transcription factor regulating proliferation, migration and EMT of tumor cells. This work proposed a drug-development strategy that combined the regulation of YY1-mediated tumor progression with ICIs for the treatment of HCC. METHODS We first studied the proteins that regulated YY1 expression by using pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, and duo-link assay. The active compound regulating YY1 content was screened by virtual screening and cell-function assay. Isorhamnetin (ISO) and anti-PD-L1 antibody dual-functional mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN-ISO@ProA-PD-L1 Ab) were prepared as an antitumor drug to play a synergistic anti-tumor role. RESULTS YY1 can specifically bind with the deubiquitination enzyme USP7. USP7 can prevent YY1 from ubiquitin-dependent degradation and stabilize YY1 expression, which can promote the proliferation, migration and EMT of HCC cells. Isorhamnetin (ISO) were screened out, which can target USP7 and promote YY1 ubiquitin-dependent degradation. The cell experiments revealed that the HMSN-ISO@ProA-PD-L1 Ab nanoparticles can specifically target tumor cells and play a role in the controlled release of ISO. HMSN-ISO@ProA-PD-L1 Ab nanoparticles inhibited the growth of Hepa1-6 transplanted tumors and the effect was better than that of PD-L1 Ab treatment group and ISO treatment group. HMSN-ISO@ProA-PD-L1 Ab nanoparticles also exerted a promising effect on reducing MDSC content in the tumor microenvironment and promoting T-cell infiltration in tumors. CONCLUSIONS The isorhamnetin and anti-PD-L1 antibody dual-functional nanoparticles can improve tumor immune microenvironment and inhibit YY1-mediated tumor progression. This study demonstrated the possibility of HCC treatment strategies based on inhibiting USP7-mediated YY1 deubiquitination combined with anti-PD-L1 monoclonal Ab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jingxia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saha G, Roy S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. USP7 - a crucial regulator of cancer hallmarks. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188903. [PMID: 37127084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the course of three decades of study, the deubiquitinase Herpesvirus associated Ubiquitin-Specific Protease/Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 7 (HAUSP/USP7) has gradually come to be recognized as a crucially important molecule in cellular physiology. The fact that USP7 is overexpressed in a number of cancers, including breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancers, supports the idea that USP7 is also an important regulator of tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss USP7's function in relation to the cancer hallmarks described by Hanahan and Weinberg. This post-translational modifier can support increased proliferation, block unfavorable growth signals, stop cell death, and support an unstable cellular genome by manipulating key players in the pertinent signalling circuit. It is interesting to note that USP7 also aids in the stabilization of molecules that support angiogenesis and metastasis. Targeting USP7 has now emerged as a crucial component of USP7 research because pharmacological inhibition of USP7 supports p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Efficacious USP7 inhibition is currently being investigated in both synthetic and natural compounds, but issues with selectivity and a lack of co-crystal structure have hindered USP7 inhibition from being tested in clinical settings. Moreover, the development of new, more effective USP7 inhibitors and their encouraging implications by numerous groups give us a glimmer of hope for USP7-targeting medications as effective substitutes for hazardous cancer chemotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India
| | - Srija Roy
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, PIN - 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu J, Zhou T, Dong X, Guo Q, Zheng L, Wang X, Zhang N, Li D, Ren L, Yi F, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang X, Deng C, Li C, Xu H, Guan Y, Li X, Yu Y, Guo W, Wang Z, Jiang B, Wu X, Bai N, Feng Y, Ma M, Kong Q, Wei J, Wang Z, Li H, Lu S, Cao L, Xiao Y, Song X, Wang Z, Xing C, Cao L. De-ubiquitination of SAMHD1 by USP7 promotes DNA damage repair to overcome oncogenic stress and affect chemotherapy sensitivity. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02667-w. [PMID: 37081042 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02667-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic stress induces DNA damage repair (DDR) that permits escape from mitotic catastrophe and allows early precursor lesions during the evolution of cancer. SAMHD1, a dNTPase protecting cells from viral infections, has been recently found to participate in DNA damage repair process. However, its role in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we show that SAMHD1 is up-regulated in early-stage human carcinoma tissues and cell lines under oxidative stress or genotoxic insults. We further demonstrate that de-ubiquitinating enzyme USP7 interacts with SAMHD1 and de-ubiquitinates it at lysine 421, thus stabilizing SAMHD1 protein expression for further interaction with CtIP for DDR, which promotes tumor cell survival under genotoxic stress. Furthermore, SAMHD1 levels positively correlates with USP7 in various human carcinomas, and is associated with an unfavorable survival outcome in patients who underwent chemotherapy. Moreover, USP7 inhibitor sensitizes tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents by decreasing SAMHD1 in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that de-ubiquitination of SAMHD1 by USP7 promotes DDR to overcome oncogenic stress and affect chemotherapy sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiang Dong
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qiqiang Guo
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lixia Zheng
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoxun Wang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Danni Li
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ling Ren
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fei Yi
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiwen Wang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chengsi Deng
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunlu Li
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongde Xu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi Guan
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Yu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wendong Guo
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ning Bai
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mengtao Ma
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiayi Wei
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhenshuang Wang
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Songming Lu
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liangzi Cao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yutong Xiao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Liu Cao
- The College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang X, Xie XF, Li A, Song W, Li C, Li F, Li XZ, Fan XY, Zhou CY, Wang G, Sun QY, Ou XH. USP7 reduction leads to developmental failure of mouse early embryos. Exp Cell Res 2023; 427:113605. [PMID: 37080417 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
As a member of Ubiquitin-specific protease subfamily, ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) has been reported to participate in a variety of cellular processes, including cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage response, and epigenetic modification. However, its function in preimplantation embryos is still obscure. To investigate the functions of USP7 during preimplantation embryo development, we used siRNA to degrade endogenous USP7 messenger RNA. We found that USP7 knockdown significantly decreased the development rate of mouse early embryos. Moreover, depletion of USP7 induced the accumulation of the DNA lesions and apoptotic blastomeres in early embryos. In addition, USP7 knockdown caused an abnormal H3K27me3 modification in 2-cell embryos. Overall, our results indicate that USP7 maintains genome stability perhaps via regulating H3K27me3 and DNA damage, consequently controlling the embryo quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Feng Xie
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ang Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Song
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Yin Zhou
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Ou
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor promotes angiogenesis through Sp1/Sp3-mediated inhibition of notch signaling in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:731. [PMID: 36759621 PMCID: PMC9911748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36409-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical pathophysiological process involved in organ growth and various diseases. Transcription factors Sp1/Sp3 are necessary for fetal development and tumor growth. Sp1/Sp3 proteins were downregulated in the capillaries of the gastrocnemius in patients with critical limb ischemia samples. Endothelial-specific Sp1/Sp3 knockout reduces angiogenesis in retinal, pathological, and tumor models and induced activation of the Notch1 pathway. Further, the inactivation of VEGFR2 signaling by Notch1 contributes to the delayed angiogenesis phenotype. Mechanistically, endothelial Sp1 binds to the promoter of Notch1 and inhibits its transcription, which is enhanced by Sp3. The proangiogenic effect of ACEI is abolished in Sp1/Sp3-deletion male mice. We identify USP7 as an ACEI-activated deubiquitinating enzyme that translocated into the nucleus binding to Sp1/Sp3, which are deacetylated by HDAC1. Our findings demonstrate a central role for endothelial USP7-Sp1/Sp3-Notch1 signaling in pathophysiological angiogenesis in response to ACEI treatment.
Collapse
|
15
|
Al-Eidan A, Wang Y, Skipp P, Ewing RM. The USP7 protein interaction network and its roles in tumorigenesis. Genes Dis 2022; 9:41-50. [PMID: 35005106 PMCID: PMC8720671 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease (USP7), also known as Herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP), is a deubiquitinase. There has been significant recent attention on USP7 following the discovery that USP7 is a key regulator of the p53-MDM2 pathway. The USP7 protein is 130 kDa in size and has multiple domains which bind to a diverse set of proteins. These interactions mediate key developmental and homeostatic processes including the cell cycle, immune response, and modulation of transcription factor and epigenetic regulator activity and localization. USP7 also promotes carcinogenesis through aberrant activation of the Wnt signalling pathway and stabilization of HIF-1α. These findings have shown that USP7 may induce tumour progression and be a therapeutic target. Together with interest in developing USP7 as a target, several studies have defined new protein interactions and the regulatory networks within which USP7 functions. In this review, we focus on the protein interactions of USP7 that are most important for its cancer-associated roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahood Al-Eidan
- School of Biological Sciences, B85 Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yihua Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, B85 Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Paul Skipp
- School of Biological Sciences, B85 Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Rob M. Ewing
- School of Biological Sciences, B85 Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou L, Ouyang T, Li M, Hong T, Mhs A, Meng W, Zhang N. Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase 7: A Novel Deubiquitinase That Regulates Protein Homeostasis and Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:784672. [PMID: 34869041 PMCID: PMC8640129 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.784672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase 7 (USP7), or herpes virus-associated protease (HAUSP), is the largest family of the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Recent studies have shown that USP7 plays a vital role in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. Dysregulation of these processes mediated by USP7 may contribute to many diseases, such as cancers. Moreover, USP7 with aberrant expression levels and abnormal activity are found in cancers. Therefore, given the association between USP7 and cancers, targeting USP7 could be considered as an attractive and potential therapeutic approach in cancer treatment. This review describes the functions of USP7 and the regulatory mechanisms of its expression and activity, aiming to emphasize the necessity of research on USP7, and provide a better understanding of USP7-related biological processes and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Taohui Ouyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Alriashy Mhs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xiang M, Liang L, Kuang X, Xie Z, Liu J, Zhao S, Su J, Chen X, Liu H. Pharmacological inhibition of USP7 suppresses growth and metastasis of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9228-9240. [PMID: 34469054 PMCID: PMC8500953 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive type of skin cancer. The development of diverse resistance mechanisms and severe adverse effects significantly limit the efficiency of current therapeutic approaches. Identification of the new therapeutic targets involved in the pathogenesis will benefit the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The deubiquitinase ubiquitin–specific protease‐7, a potential target for cancer treatment, is deregulated in types of cancer, but its role in melanoma is still unclear. We investigated the role and the inhibitor P22077 of ubiquitin‐specific protease‐7 in melanoma treatment. We found that ubiquitin‐specific protease‐7 was overexpressed and correlated with poor prognosis in melanoma. Further, pharmacological inhibition of ubiquitin‐specific protease‐7 by P22077 can effectively inhibit proliferation, and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via ROS accumulation–induced DNA damage in melanoma cells. Inhibition of ubiquitin‐specific protease‐7 by P22077 also inhibits melanoma tumour growth in vivo. Moreover, inhibition of ubiquitin‐specific protease‐7 prevented migration and invasion of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo by decreasing the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway. Taken together, our study revealed that ubiquitin‐specific protease‐7 acted as an oncogene involved in melanoma cell proliferation and metastasis. Therefore, ubiquitin‐specific protease‐7 may serve as potential candidates for the treatment of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Long Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinwei Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zuozhong Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, China.,Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mohanty BK, Karam JA, Howley BV, Dalton AC, Grelet S, Dincman T, Streitfeld WS, Yoon JH, Balakrishnan L, Chazin WJ, Long DT, Howe PH. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 binds polycytosine DNA and monitors genome integrity. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/9/e202000995. [PMID: 34272328 PMCID: PMC8321654 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
hnRNP E1 binds polycytosine tracts of DNA and monitors genome integrity. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 (hnRNP E1) is a tumor suppressor protein that binds site- and structure-specifically to RNA sequences to regulate mRNA stability, facilitate alternative splicing, and suppress protein translation on several metastasis-associated mRNAs. Here, we show that hnRNP E1 binds polycytosine-rich DNA tracts present throughout the genome, including those at promoters of several oncogenes and telomeres and monitors genome integrity. It binds DNA in a site- and structure-specific manner. hnRNP E1-knockdown cells displayed increased DNA damage signals including γ-H2AX at its binding sites and also showed increased mutations. UV and hydroxyurea treatment of hnRNP E1-knockdown cells exacerbated the basal DNA damage signals with increased cell cycle arrest, activation of checkpoint proteins, and monoubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen despite no changes in deubiquitinating enzymes. DNA damage caused by genotoxin treatment localized to hnRNP E1 binding sites. Our work suggests that hnRNP E1 facilitates functions of DNA integrity proteins at polycytosine tracts and monitors DNA integrity at these sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bidyut K Mohanty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Joseph Aq Karam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Breege V Howley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Annamarie C Dalton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Simon Grelet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Toros Dincman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - William S Streitfeld
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Je-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lata Balakrishnan
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Walter J Chazin
- Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David T Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Philip H Howe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA .,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ashton NW, Valles GJ, Jaiswal N, Bezsonova I, Woodgate R. DNA Polymerase ι Interacts with Both the TRAF-like and UBL1-2 Domains of USP7. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:166733. [PMID: 33279577 PMCID: PMC7873624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.166733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reversible protein ubiquitination is an essential signaling mechanism within eukaryotes. Deubiquitinating enzymes are critical to this process, as they mediate removal of ubiquitin from substrate proteins. Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is a prominent deubiquitinating enzyme, with an extensive network of interacting partners and established roles in cell cycle activation, immune responses and DNA replication. Characterized USP7 substrates primarily interact with one of two major binding sites outside the catalytic domain. These are located on the USP7 N-terminal TRAF-like (TRAF) domain and the first and second UBL domains (UBL1-2) within the C-terminal tail. Here, we report that DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι) is a novel USP7 substrate that interacts with both TRAF and UBL1-2. Through the use of biophysical approaches and mutational analysis, we characterize both interfaces and demonstrate that bipartite binding to both USP7 domains is required for efficient Pol ι deubiquitination. Together, these data establish a new bipartite mode of USP7 substrate binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Ashton
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3371, USA.
| | - Gabrielle J Valles
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Nancy Jaiswal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Irina Bezsonova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Roger Woodgate
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3371, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bhattacharya U, Neizer-Ashun F, Mukherjee P, Bhattacharya R. When the chains do not break: the role of USP10 in physiology and pathology. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1033. [PMID: 33277473 PMCID: PMC7718870 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Deubiquitination is now understood to be as important as its partner ubiquitination for the maintenance of protein half-life, activity, and localization under both normal and pathological conditions. The enzymes that remove ubiquitin from target proteins are called deubiquitinases (DUBs) and they regulate a plethora of cellular processes. DUBs are essential enzymes that maintain intracellular protein homeostasis by recycling ubiquitin. Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification where ubiquitin molecules are added to proteins thus influencing activation, localization, and complex formation. Ubiquitin also acts as a tag for protein degradation, especially by proteasomal or lysosomal degradation systems. With ~100 members, DUBs are a large enzyme family; the ubiquitin-specific peptidases (USPs) being the largest group. USP10, an important member of this family, has enormous significance in diverse cellular processes and many human diseases. In this review, we discuss recent studies that define the roles of USP10 in maintaining cellular function, its involvement in human pathologies, and the molecular mechanisms underlying its association with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss efforts to modulate USPs as therapy in these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Udayan Bhattacharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Fiifi Neizer-Ashun
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. .,Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. .,Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cui L, Song W, Zeng Y, Wu Q, Fan Z, Huang T, Zeng B, Zhang M, Ni Q, Li Y, Wang T, Li D, Mao X, Lian T, Yang D, Yang M, Fan X. Deubiquitinase USP7 regulates Drosophila aging through ubiquitination and autophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:23082-23095. [PMID: 33221768 PMCID: PMC7746378 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation is the selective degradation of diverse forms of damaged proteins that are tagged with ubiquitin, while deubiquitinating enzymes reverse ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation by removing the ubiquitin chain from the target protein. The interactions of ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes are required to maintain protein homeostasis. The ubiquitin-specific protease USP7 is a deubiquitinating enzyme that indirectly plays a role in repairing DNA damage and development. However, the mechanism of its participation in aging has not been fully explored. Regarding this issue, we found that USP7 was necessary to maintain the normal lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster, and knockdown of dusp7 shortened the lifespan and reduced the ability of Drosophila to cope with starvation, oxidative stress and heat stress. Furthermore, we showed that the ability of USP7 to regulate aging depends on the autophagy and ubiquitin signaling pathways. Furthermore, 2,5-dimethyl-celecoxib (DMC), a derivative of celecoxib, can partially restore the shortened lifespan and aberrant phenotypes caused by dusp7 knockdown. Our results suggest that USP7 is an important factor involved in the regulation of aging, and related components in this regulatory pathway may become new targets for anti-aging treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Cui
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Song
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiang Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Huang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingyong Ni
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueping Mao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Lian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wilkinson NA, Mnuskin KS, Ashton NW, Woodgate R. Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Like Proteins Are Essential Regulators of DNA Damage Bypass. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102848. [PMID: 33023096 PMCID: PMC7600381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins are conjugated to many other proteins within the cell, to regulate their stability, localization, and activity. These modifications are essential for normal cellular function and the disruption of these processes contributes to numerous cancer types. In this review, we discuss how ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins regulate the specialized replication pathways of DNA damage bypass, as well as how the disruption of these processes can contribute to cancer development. We also discuss how cancer cell survival relies on DNA damage bypass, and how targeting the regulation of these pathways by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins might be an effective strategy in anti-cancer therapies. Abstract Many endogenous and exogenous factors can induce genomic instability in human cells, in the form of DNA damage and mutations, that predispose them to cancer development. Normal cells rely on DNA damage bypass pathways such as translesion synthesis (TLS) and template switching (TS) to replicate past lesions that might otherwise result in prolonged replication stress and lethal double-strand breaks (DSBs). However, due to the lower fidelity of the specialized polymerases involved in TLS, the activation and suppression of these pathways must be tightly regulated by post-translational modifications such as ubiquitination in order to limit the risk of mutagenesis. Many cancer cells rely on the deregulation of DNA damage bypass to promote carcinogenesis and tumor formation, often giving them heightened resistance to DNA damage from chemotherapeutic agents. In this review, we discuss the key functions of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins in regulating DNA damage bypass in human cells, and highlight ways in which these processes are both deregulated in cancer progression and might be targeted in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicholas W. Ashton
- Correspondence: (N.W.A.); (R.W.); Tel.: +1-301-435-1115 (N.W.A.); +1-301-435-0740 (R.W.)
| | - Roger Woodgate
- Correspondence: (N.W.A.); (R.W.); Tel.: +1-301-435-1115 (N.W.A.); +1-301-435-0740 (R.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Q, Cao C, Gong W, Bao K, Wang Q, Wang Y, Bi L, Ma S, Zhao J, Liu L, Tian S, Zhang K, Yang J, Yao Z, Song N, Shi L. A feedforward circuit shaped by ECT2 and USP7 contributes to breast carcinogenesis. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:10769-10790. [PMID: 32929379 PMCID: PMC7482815 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: A number of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) including epithelial cell transforming factor ECT2 are believed to drive carcinogenesis through activating distinct oncogenic GTPases. Yet, whether GEF-independent activity of ECT2 also plays a role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. Methods: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, colony formation and xenograft assays were used to examine the role of ECT2 in breast carcinogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescent stainings, in vivo deubiquitination and in vitro deubiquitination experiments were performed to examine the physical and functional interaction between ECT2 and ubiquitin-specific protease USP7. High-throughput RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting were employed to investigate the biological significance of the interplay between ECT2 and USP7. Results: We report that ECT2 plays a tumor-promoting role in breast cancer, and GEF activity-deficient ECT2 is able to alleviate ECT2 depletion associated growth defects in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ECT2 physically interacts with ubiquitin-specific protease USP7 and functionally facilitates USP7 intermolecular self-association, -deubiquitination and -stabilization in a GEF activity-independent manner. USP7 in turn, deubiquitinates and stabilizes ECT2, resulting in a feedforward regulatory circuit that ultimately sustains the expression of oncogenic protein MDM2. Conclusion: Our study uncovers a GEF-independent role of ECT2 in promoting survival of breast cancer cells, provides a molecular insight for the reciprocal regulation of ECT2 and USP7, and supports the pursuit of ECT2/USP7 as potential targets for breast cancer intervention.
Collapse
|
24
|
Valles GJ, Bezsonova I, Woodgate R, Ashton NW. USP7 Is a Master Regulator of Genome Stability. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:717. [PMID: 32850836 PMCID: PMC7419626 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations, including DNA mutations and chromosomal abnormalities, are primary drivers of tumor formation and cancer progression. These alterations can endow cells with a selective growth advantage, enabling cancers to evade cell death, proliferation limits, and immune checkpoints, to metastasize throughout the body. Genetic alterations occur due to failures of the genome stability pathways. In many cancers, the rate of alteration is further accelerated by the deregulation of these processes. The deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) has recently emerged as a key regulator of ubiquitination in the genome stability pathways. USP7 is also deregulated in many cancer types, where deviances in USP7 protein levels are correlated with cancer progression. In this work, we review the increasingly evident role of USP7 in maintaining genome stability, the links between USP7 deregulation and cancer progression, as well as the rationale of targeting USP7 in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle J Valles
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Irina Bezsonova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Roger Woodgate
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nicholas W Ashton
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ma X, Tang TS, Guo C. Regulation of translesion DNA synthesis in mammalian cells. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:680-692. [PMID: 31983077 DOI: 10.1002/em.22359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The genomes of all living cells are under endogenous and exogenous attacks every day, causing diverse genomic lesions. Most of the lesions can be timely repaired by multiple DNA repair pathways. However, some may persist during S-phase, block DNA replication, and challenge genome integrity. Eukaryotic cells have evolved DNA damage tolerance (DDT) to mitigate the lethal effects of arrested DNA replication without prior removal of the offending DNA damage. As one important mode of DDT, translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) utilizes multiple low-fidelity DNA polymerases to incorporate nucleotides opposite DNA lesions to maintain genome integrity. Three different mechanisms have been proposed to regulate the polymerase switching between high-fidelity DNA polymerases in the replicative machinery and one or more specialized enzymes. Additionally, it is known that proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mono-ubiquitination is essential for optimal TLS. Given its error-prone property, TLS is closely associated with spontaneous and drug-induced mutations in cells, which can potentially lead to tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, TLS process must be tightly modulated to avoid unwanted mutagenesis. In this review, we will focus on polymerase switching and PCNA mono-ubiquitination, the two key events in TLS pathway in mammalian cells, and summarize current understandings of regulation of TLS process at the levels of protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications as well as transcription and noncoding RNAs. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 61:680-692, 2020. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Ma
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tie-Shan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomics and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gutierrez-Diaz BT, Gu W, Ntziachristos P. Deubiquitinases: Pro-oncogenic Activity and Therapeutic Targeting in Blood Malignancies. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:327-340. [PMID: 32139316 PMCID: PMC7258259 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Deubiquitinases are enzymes that remove ubiquitin moieties from the vast majority of cellular proteins, controlling their stability, interactions, and localization. The expression and activity of deubiquitinases are critical for physiology and can go awry in various diseases, including cancer. Based on recent findings in human blood cancers, we discuss the functions of selected deubiquitinases in acute leukemia and efforts to target these enzymes with the aim of blocking leukemia growth and improving disease outcomes. We focus on the emergence of the newest generation of preclinical inhibitors by discussing their modes of inhibition and their effects on leukemia biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca T Gutierrez-Diaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Panagiotis Ntziachristos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nielsen CP, MacGurn JA. Coupling Conjugation and Deconjugation Activities to Achieve Cellular Ubiquitin Dynamics. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:427-439. [PMID: 32311336 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, proteome remodeling is mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which regulates protein degradation, trafficking, and signaling events in the cell. Interplay between the cellular proteome and ubiquitin is complex and dynamic and many regulatory features that support this system have only recently come into focus. An unexpected recurring feature in this system is the physical interaction between E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitylases (DUBs). Recent studies have reported on the regulatory significance of DUB-E3 interactions and it is becoming clear that they play important but complicated roles in the regulation of diverse cellular processes. Here, we summarize the current understanding of interactions between ubiquitin conjugation and deconjugation machineries and we examine the regulatory logic of these enigmatic complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey P Nielsen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jason A MacGurn
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gagarina V, Bojagora A, Lacdao IK, Luthra N, Pfoh R, Mohseni S, Chaharlangi D, Tan N, Saridakis V. Structural Basis of the Interaction Between Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 and Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:897-912. [PMID: 31866294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
USP7 is a deubiquitinase that regulates many diverse cellular processes, including tumor suppression, epigenetics, and genome stability. Several substrates, including GMPS, UHRF1, and ICP0, were shown to bear a specific KxxxK motif that interacts within the C-terminal region of USP7. We identified a similar motif in Enhancer of Zeste 2 (EZH2), the histone methyltransferase found within Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). PRC2 is responsible for the methylation of Histone 3 Lys27 (H3K27) leading to gene silencing. GST pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that USP7 interacts with EZH2. We determined the structural basis of interaction between USP7 and EZH2 and identified residues mediating the interaction. Mutations in these critical residues disrupted the interaction between USP7 and EZH2. Furthermore, USP7 silencing and knockout experiments showed decreased EZH2 levels in HCT116 carcinoma cells. Finally, we demonstrated decreased H3K27Me3 levels in HCT116 USP7 knockout cells. These results indicate that USP7 interacts with EZH2 and regulates both its stability and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Gagarina
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Anna Bojagora
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Ira Kay Lacdao
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Niharika Luthra
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Roland Pfoh
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Sadaf Mohseni
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Danica Chaharlangi
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Nadine Tan
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Vivian Saridakis
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J1P3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cellular redox sensor HSCARG negatively regulates the translesion synthesis pathway and exacerbates mammary tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:25624-25633. [PMID: 31796584 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910250116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The translesion synthesis (TLS) pathway is a double-edged sword in terms of genome integrity. Deficiency in TLS leads to generation of DNA double strand break (DSB) during replication stress, while excessive activation of the TLS pathway increases the risk of point mutation. Here we demonstrate that HSCARG, a cellular redox sensor, directly interacts with the key protein PCNA in the TLS pathway. HSCARG enhances the interaction between PCNA and the deubiquitinase complex USP1/UAF1 and inhibits the monoubiquitination of PCNA, thereby impairing the recruitment of Y-family polymerases and increasing cell sensitivity to stimuli that trigger replication fork blockades. In response to oxidative stress, disaggregation of HSCARG dimers into monomers and the nuclear transport of HSCARG activate the regulatory function of HSCARG in the TLS pathway. Moreover, HSCARG, which is highly expressed in breast carcinoma, promotes the accumulation of DSBs and mutations. HSCARG knockout PyMT transgenic mice exhibit delayed mammary tumorigenesis compared with that in HSCARG wild-type or heterozygous PyMT mice. Taken together, these findings expand our understanding of TLS regulatory mechanisms and establish a link between the cellular redox status and the DNA damage response (DDR).
Collapse
|
30
|
Masuda Y, Masutani C. Spatiotemporal regulation of PCNA ubiquitination in damage tolerance pathways. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 54:418-442. [PMID: 31736364 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2019.1687420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
DNA is constantly exposed to a wide variety of exogenous and endogenous agents, and most DNA lesions inhibit DNA synthesis. To cope with such problems during replication, cells have molecular mechanisms to resume DNA synthesis in the presence of DNA lesions, which are known as DNA damage tolerance (DDT) pathways. The concept of ubiquitination-mediated regulation of DDT pathways in eukaryotes was established via genetic studies in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which two branches of the DDT pathway are regulated via ubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA): translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and homology-dependent repair (HDR), which are stimulated by mono- and polyubiquitination of PCNA, respectively. Over the subsequent nearly two decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that regulate DDT pathways in other eukaryotes. Importantly, TLS is intrinsically error-prone because of the miscoding nature of most damaged nucleotides and inaccurate replication of undamaged templates by TLS polymerases (pols), whereas HDR is theoretically error-free because the DNA synthesis is thought to be predominantly performed by pol δ, an accurate replicative DNA pol, using the undamaged sister chromatid as its template. Thus, the regulation of the choice between the TLS and HDR pathways is critical to determine the appropriate biological outcomes caused by DNA damage. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the species-specific regulatory mechanisms of PCNA ubiquitination and how cells choose between TLS and HDR. We then provide a hypothetical model for the spatiotemporal regulation of DDT pathways in human cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Masuda
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chikahide Masutani
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Infections by DNA viruses including, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), typically induce cellular DNA damage responses (DDR), in particular double-stranded break signaling. To avoid apoptosis associated with constitutive DDR signaling, downstream steps of this pathway must be inactivated. EBV has developed multiple ways of disabling the DDR using several different viral proteins expressed at various stages of EBV infection. Here the interplay between EBV and host DDRs is discussed at each stage of EBV infection, along with the EBV proteins and miRNAs that are known to interfere with DDR signaling. The newly discovered APOBEC editing of EBV DNA and protection from this mutation is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Frappier
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang Z, Kang W, You Y, Pang J, Ren H, Suo Z, Liu H, Zheng Y. USP7: Novel Drug Target in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:427. [PMID: 31114498 PMCID: PMC6502913 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) is one of the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUB) that erases ubiquitin and protects substrate protein from degradation. Full activity of USP7 requires the C-terminal Ub-like domains fold back onto the catalytic domain, allowing the remodeling of the active site to a catalytically competent state by the C-terminal peptide. Until now, numerous proteins have been identified as substrates of USP7, which play a key role in cell cycle, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, and epigenetic regulation. Aberrant activation or overexpression of USP7 may promote oncogenesis and viral disease, making it a target for therapeutic intervention. Currently, several synthetic small molecules have been identified as inhibitors of USP7, and applied in the treatment of diverse diseases. Hence, USP7 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiru Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China.,Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenting Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinghua You
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingru Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenhe Suo
- Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hongmin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yichao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rawat R, Starczynowski DT, Ntziachristos P. Nuclear deubiquitination in the spotlight: the multifaceted nature of USP7 biology in disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 58:85-94. [PMID: 30897496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a versatile and tightly regulated post-translational protein modification with many distinct outcomes affecting protein stability, localization, interactions, and activity. Ubiquitin chain linkages anchored on substrates can be further modified by additional post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and SUMOylation. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) reverse these ubiquitin marks with matched levels of precision. Over hundred known DUBs regulate a wide variety of cellular events. In this review, we focus on ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7, also known as herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease, or HAUSP) as one of the best studied, disease-associated DUBs. By highlighting the functions of USP7, particularly in the nucleus, and the emergence of the newest generation of USP7 inhibitors, we illustrate the importance of individual DUBs in the nucleus, and the therapeutic prospects of DUB targeting in human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Rawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Daniel T Starczynowski
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Panagiotis Ntziachristos
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liang L, Peng Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Roy M, Han X, Xiao X, Sun S, Liu H, Nie L, Kuang Y, Zhu Z, Deng J, Xia Y, Sankaran VG, Hillyer CD, Mohandas N, Ye M, An X, Liu J. Deubiquitylase USP7 regulates human terminal erythroid differentiation by stabilizing GATA1. Haematologica 2019; 104:2178-2187. [PMID: 30872372 PMCID: PMC6821630 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.206227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is an enzymatic post-translational modification that affects protein fate. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) was first discovered in reticulocytes where it plays important roles in reticulocyte maturation. Recent studies have revealed that ubiquitination is a dynamic and reversible process and that deubiquitylases are capable of removing ubiquitin from their protein substrates. Given the fact that the UPS is highly active in reticulocytes, it is speculated that deubiquitylases may play important roles in erythropoiesis. Yet, the role of deubiquitylases in erythropoiesis remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we found that the expression of deubiquitylase USP7 is significantly increased during human terminal erythroid differentiation. We further showed that interfering with USP7 function, either by short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown or USP7-specific inhibitors, impaired human terminal erythroid differentiation due to decreased GATA1 level and that restoration of GATA1 levels rescued the differentiation defect. Mechanistically, USP7 deficiency led to a decreased GATA1 protein level that could be reversed by proteasome inhibitors. Furthermore, USP7 interacts directly with GATA1 and catalyzes the removal of K48-linked poly ubiquitylation chains conjugated onto GATA1, thereby stabilizing GATA1 protein. Collectively, our findings have identified an important role of a deubiquitylase in human terminal erythroid differentiation by stabilizing GATA1, the master regulator of erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Liang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanliang Peng
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieying Zhang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yibin Zhang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Mridul Roy
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Han
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiao
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yijin Kuang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zesen Zhu
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinghui Deng
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Narla Mohandas
- Red Cell Physiology Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mao Ye
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiuli An
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA .,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China .,Erythropoiesis Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Role of deubiquitinases in DNA damage response. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 76:89-98. [PMID: 30831436 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) serves as an integrated cellular network to detect cellular stress and react by activating pathways responsible for halting cell cycle progression, stimulating DNA damage repair, and initiating apoptosis. Efficient DDR protects cells from genomic instability while defective DDR can allow DNA lesions to go unrepaired, causing permanent mutations that will affect future generations of cells and possibly cause disease conditions such as cancer. Therefore, DDR mechanisms must be tightly regulated in order to ensure organismal health and viability. One major way of DDR regulation is ubiquitination, which has been long known to control DDR protein localization, activity, and stability. The reversal of this process, deubiquitination, has more recently come to the forefront of DDR research as an important new angle in ubiquitin-mediated regulation of DDR. As such, deubiquitinases have emerged as key factors in DDR. Importantly, deubiquitinases are attractive small-molecule drug targets due to their well-defined catalytic residues that provide a promising avenue for developing new cancer therapeutics. This review focuses on the emerging roles of deubiquitinases in various DNA repair pathways.
Collapse
|
36
|
USP7: Structure, substrate specificity, and inhibition. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 76:30-39. [PMID: 30807924 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Turnover of cellular proteins is regulated by Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS). Components of this pathway, including the proteasome, ubiquitinating enzymes and deubiquitinating enzymes, are highly specialized and tightly regulated. In this mini-review we focus on the de-ubiquitinating enzyme USP7, and summarize latest advances in understanding its structure, substrate specificity and relevance to human cancers. There is increasing interest in UPS components as targets for cancer therapy and here we also overview the recent progress in the development of small molecule inhibitors that target USP7.
Collapse
|
37
|
Fu C, Zhu X, Xu P, Li Y. Pharmacological inhibition of USP7 promotes antitumor immunity and contributes to colon cancer therapy. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:609-617. [PMID: 30697058 PMCID: PMC6339463 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s182806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effectiveness of clinical therapy such as chemotherapy for solid tumors is limited by acquired drug resistance and side effects. Available antitumor immunity methods showed promising prospect of cancer therapy. However, more drug targets for boosting antitumor immunity still need to be explored and selective and effective compounds are yet to be developed. Purpose To study the effect and possible mechanism of compound P5091, a selective USP7 inhibitor, on CT26 xenografts growth in mice. Materials and methods CT26 xenografts model was employed to examine the anti-tumor effect of P5091. RT-PCR and ELISA analysis were used to detect the level of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10 in tumor tissue and serum, respectively. IFN-γ expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was analyzed by intracellular stain. The level of FOXP3 in Treg cells was confirmed by intracellular stain and western blotting. Results Compound P5091, a selective USP7 inhibitor, was found to inhibit CT26 xenografts growth in mice, which is comparable to the effect of Anti-PD-1 antibody. RT-PCR analysis showed that P5091 treatment decreased IL-10 mRNA level in tumor tissue while elevated mRNA level of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Moreover, ELISA analysis manifested decreased of IL-10 and elevation of IFN-γ and TNF-α in serum from tumor bearing mice. Intracellular stain showed increased IFN-g expression both in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells after P5091 treatment. Furthermore, P5091 treatment caused FOXP3 loss in Treg cells decreased the proportion of Treg cells in tumor bearing mice. Conclusion Our study here showed that P5091 may be a candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Fu
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhangjiagang Fifth People's Hospital, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215621, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojue Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215600, People's Republic of China,
| | - Peiqi Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215600, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yonghao Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215600, People's Republic of China,
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Leung W, Baxley RM, Moldovan GL, Bielinsky AK. Mechanisms of DNA Damage Tolerance: Post-Translational Regulation of PCNA. Genes (Basel) 2018; 10:genes10010010. [PMID: 30586904 PMCID: PMC6356670 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage is a constant source of stress challenging genomic integrity. To ensure faithful duplication of our genomes, mechanisms have evolved to deal with damage encountered during replication. One such mechanism is referred to as DNA damage tolerance (DDT). DDT allows for replication to continue in the presence of a DNA lesion by promoting damage bypass. Two major DDT pathways exist: error-prone translesion synthesis (TLS) and error-free template switching (TS). TLS recruits low-fidelity DNA polymerases to directly replicate across the damaged template, whereas TS uses the nascent sister chromatid as a template for bypass. Both pathways must be tightly controlled to prevent the accumulation of mutations that can occur from the dysregulation of DDT proteins. A key regulator of error-prone versus error-free DDT is the replication clamp, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of PCNA, mainly by ubiquitin and SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier), play a critical role in DDT. In this review, we will discuss the different types of PTMs of PCNA and how they regulate DDT in response to replication stress. We will also cover the roles of PCNA PTMs in lagging strand synthesis, meiotic recombination, as well as somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Leung
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Ryan M Baxley
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - George-Lucian Moldovan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Anja-Katrin Bielinsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Regulation of Mammalian DNA Replication via the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1042:421-454. [PMID: 29357069 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6955-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Proper regulation of DNA replication ensures the faithful transmission of genetic material essential for optimal cellular and organismal physiology. Central to this regulation is the activity of a set of enzymes that induce or reverse posttranslational modifications of various proteins critical for the initiation, progression, and termination of DNA replication. This is particularly important when DNA replication proceeds in cancer cells with elevated rates of genomic instability and increased proliferative capacities. Here, we describe how DNA replication in mammalian cells is regulated via the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system as well as the consequence of derailed ubiquitylation signaling involved in this important cellular activity.
Collapse
|
40
|
Emerging insights into HAUSP (USP7) in physiology, cancer and other diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2018; 3:17. [PMID: 29967688 PMCID: PMC6023882 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-018-0012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP) is a USP family deubiquitinase. HAUSP is a protein of immense biological importance as it is involved in several cellular processes, including host-virus interactions, oncogenesis and tumor suppression, DNA damage and repair processes, DNA dynamics and epigenetic modulations, regulation of gene expression and protein function, spatio-temporal distribution, and immune functions. Since its discovery in the late 1990s as a protein interacting with a herpes virus regulatory protein, extensive studies have assessed its complex roles in p53-MDM2-related networks, identified numerous additional interacting partners, and elucidated the different roles of HAUSP in the context of cancer, development, and metabolic and neurological pathologies. Recent analyses have provided new insights into its biochemical and functional dynamics. In this review, we provide a comprehensive account of our current knowledge about emerging insights into HAUSP in physiology and diseases, which shed light on fundamental biological questions and promise to provide a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Improved understandings of a molecular-tag-removing enzyme could lead to the development of therapies for many diseases. Dr. Mrinal K Ghosh of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB) and colleagues reviewed 20 years of research on herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP), involved in a wide range of cellular processes through its role in removing the ubiquitin from molecules, thus signaling their fate. It was first discovered in/as a herpes virus infected cells, ultimately enhancing infection. It was later found to have a wide range of functions depending on the molecules it interacts with under normal physiological and disease conditions. Targeting HAUSP with drugs shows promise for suppressing prostate, lung, colon, breast, blood, and other cancers. It could also impact treatment of neurological conditions such as Huntington’s disease, and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes.
Collapse
|
41
|
Yeasmin Khusbu F, Chen FZ, Chen HC. Targeting ubiquitin specific protease 7 in cancer: A deubiquitinase with great prospects. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 36:244-254. [PMID: 29781103 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deubiquitinase (DUB)-mediated cleavage of ubiquitin chain balances ubiquitination and deubiquitination for determining protein fate. USP7 is one of the best characterized DUBs and functionally important. Numerous proteins have been identified as potential substrates and binding partners of USP7; those play crucial roles in diverse array of cellular and biological processes including tumour suppression, cell cycle, DNA repair, chromatin remodelling, and epigenetic regulation. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge of this wide association of USP7 with many cellular processes that enlightens the possibility of abnormal USP7 activity in promoting oncogenesis and the importance of identification of specific inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farjana Yeasmin Khusbu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang-Zhi Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Han-Chun Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
USP7-Specific Inhibitors Target and Modify the Enzyme's Active Site via Distinct Chemical Mechanisms. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:1501-1512.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
43
|
Morris JR, Garvin AJ. SUMO in the DNA Double-Stranded Break Response: Similarities, Differences, and Cooperation with Ubiquitin. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:3376-3387. [PMID: 28527786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, our knowledge of the varied role that ubiquitination plays in promoting signal amplification, novel protein interactions, and protein turnover has progressed rapidly. This is particularly remarkable in the examination of how DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) are repaired, with many components of the ubiquitin (Ub) conjugation, de-conjugation, and recognition machinery now identified as key factors in DSB repair. In addition, a member of the Ub-like family, small Ub-like modifier (SUMO), has also been recognised as integral for efficient repair. Here, we summarise our emerging understanding of SUMOylation both as a distinct modification and as a cooperative modification with Ub, using the cellular response to DNA DSBs as the primary setting to compare these modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna R Morris
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology and Institute of Cancer and Genomics, Medical and Dental School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Alexander J Garvin
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology and Institute of Cancer and Genomics, Medical and Dental School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kim RQ, Sixma TK. Regulation of USP7: A High Incidence of E3 Complexes. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:3395-3408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
45
|
Kanao R, Masutani C. Regulation of DNA damage tolerance in mammalian cells by post-translational modifications of PCNA. Mutat Res 2017; 803-805:82-88. [PMID: 28666590 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage tolerance pathways, which include translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and template switching, are crucial for prevention of DNA replication arrest and maintenance of genomic stability. However, these pathways utilize error-prone DNA polymerases or template exchange between sister DNA strands, and consequently have the potential to induce mutations or chromosomal rearrangements. Post-translational modifications of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) play important roles in controlling these pathways. For example, TLS is mediated by mono-ubiquitination of PCNA at lysine 164, for which RAD6-RAD18 is the primary E2-E3 complex. Elaborate protein-protein interactions between mono-ubiquitinated PCNA and Y-family DNA polymerases constitute the core of the TLS regulatory system, and enhancers of PCNA mono-ubiquitination and de-ubiquitinating enzymes finely regulate TLS and suppress TLS-mediated mutagenesis. The template switching pathway is promoted by K63-linked poly-ubiquitination of PCNA at lysine 164. Poly-ubiquitination is achieved by a coupled reaction mediated by two sets of E2-E3 complexes, RAD6-RAD18 and MMS2-UBC13-HTLF/SHPRH. In addition to these mono- and poly-ubiquitinations, simultaneous mono-ubiquitinations on multiple units of the PCNA homotrimeric ring promote an unidentified damage tolerance mechanism that remains to be fully characterized. Furthermore, SUMOylation of PCNA in mammalian cells can negatively regulate recombination. Other modifications, including ISGylation, acetylation, methylation, or phosphorylation, may also play roles in DNA damage tolerance and control of genomic stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rie Kanao
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chikahide Masutani
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
USP7 inhibition alters homologous recombination repair and targets CLL cells independently of ATM/p53 functional status. Blood 2017; 130:156-166. [PMID: 28495793 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-12-758219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of deubiquitylase ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) in the regulation of the p53-dependent DNA damage response (DDR) pathway is well established. Whereas previous studies have mostly focused on the mechanisms underlying how USP7 directly controls p53 stability, we recently showed that USP7 modulates the stability of the DNA damage responsive E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18. This suggests that targeting USP7 may have therapeutic potential even in tumors with defective p53 or ibrutinib resistance. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effect of USP7 inhibition in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) where the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-p53 pathway is inactivated with relatively high frequency, leading to treatment resistance and poor clinical outcome. We demonstrate that USP7 is upregulated in CLL cells, and its loss or inhibition disrupts homologous recombination repair (HRR). Consequently, USP7 inhibition induces significant tumor-cell killing independently of ATM and p53 through the accumulation of genotoxic levels of DNA damage. Moreover, USP7 inhibition sensitized p53-defective, chemotherapy-resistant CLL cells to clinically achievable doses of HRR-inducing chemotherapeutic agents in vitro and in vivo in a murine xenograft model. Together, these results identify USP7 as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of hematological malignancies with DDR defects, where ATM/p53-dependent apoptosis is compromised.
Collapse
|
47
|
USP7 deubiquitinase controls HIV-1 production by stabilizing Tat protein. Biochem J 2017; 474:1653-1668. [PMID: 28280111 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are key regulators of complex cellular processes. HIV-1 Tat is synthesized early after infection and is mainly responsible for enhancing viral production. Here, we report that one of the DUBs, USP7, stabilized the HIV-1 Tat protein through its deubiquitination. Treatment with either a general DUB inhibitor (PR-619) or USP7-specific inhibitor (P5091) resulted in Tat protein degradation. The USP7-specific inhibitor reduced virus production in a latently infected T-lymphocytic cell line J1.1, which produces large amounts of HIV-1 upon stimulation. A potent increase in Tat-mediated HIV-1 production was observed with USP7 in a dose-dependent manner. As expected, deletion of the USP7 gene using the CRISPR-Cas9 method reduced the Tat protein and supported less virus production. Interestingly, the levels of endogenous USP7 increased after HIV-1 infection in human T-cells (MOLT-3) and in mammalian cells transfected with HIV-1 proviral DNA. Thus, HIV-1 Tat is stabilized by the host cell deubiquitinase USP7, leading to enhanced viral production, and HIV-1 in turn up-regulates the USP7 protein level.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Loading of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) and receptor-associated protein 80 (RAP80) at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) drives cell cycle checkpoint activation but is counterproductive to high-fidelity DNA repair. ring finger protein 169 (RNF169) maintains the balance by limiting the deposition of DNA damage mediator proteins at the damaged chromatin. We report here that this attribute is accomplished, in part, by a predicted nuclear localization signal (NLS) that not only shuttles RNF169 into the nucleus but also promotes its stability by mediating a direct interaction with the ubiquitin-specific protease USP7. Guided by the crystal structure of USP7 in complex with the RNF169 NLS, we uncoupled USP7 binding from its nuclear import function and showed that perturbing the USP7-RNF169 complex destabilized RNF169, compromised high-fidelity DSB repair, and hypersensitized cells to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition. Finally, expression of USP7 and RNF169 positively correlated in breast cancer specimens. Collectively, our findings uncover an NLS-mediated bipartite mechanism that supports the nuclear function of a DSB response protein.
Collapse
|
49
|
Hernández-Pérez S, Cabrera E, Salido E, Lim M, Reid L, Lakhani SR, Khanna KK, Saunus JM, Freire R. DUB3 and USP7 de-ubiquitinating enzymes control replication inhibitor Geminin: molecular characterization and associations with breast cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:4802-4809. [PMID: 28288134 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Correct control of DNA replication is crucial to maintain genomic stability in dividing cells. Inappropriate re-licensing of replicated origins is associated with chromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of cancer progression that at the same time provides potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Geminin is a critical inhibitor of the DNA replication licensing factor Cdt1. To properly achieve its functions, Geminin levels are tightly regulated through the cell cycle by ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation, but the de-ubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) involved had not been identified. Here we report that DUB3 and USP7 control human Geminin. Overexpression of either DUB3 or USP7 increases Geminin levels through reduced ubiquitination. Conversely, depletion of DUB3 or USP7 reduces Geminin levels, and DUB3 knockdown increases re-replication events, analogous to the effect of Geminin depletion. In exploring potential clinical implications, we found that USP7 and Geminin are strongly correlated in a cohort of invasive breast cancers (P<1.01E-08). As expected, Geminin expression is highly prognostic. Interestingly, we found a non-monotonic relationship between USP7 and breast cancer-specific survival, with both very low or high levels of USP7 associated with poor outcome, independent of estrogen receptor status. Altogether, our data identify DUB3 and USP7 as factors that regulate DNA replication by controlling Geminin protein stability, and suggest that USP7 may be involved in Geminin dysregulation during breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Hernández-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, La Laguna, Spain
| | - E Cabrera
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, La Laguna, Spain
| | - E Salido
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, La Laguna, Spain
| | - M Lim
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - L Reid
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - S R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - K K Khanna
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J M Saunus
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - R Freire
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, La Laguna, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chitale S, Richly H. Timing of DNA lesion recognition: Ubiquitin signaling in the NER pathway. Cell Cycle 2016; 16:163-171. [PMID: 27929739 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1261227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Damaged DNA is repaired by specialized repair factors that are recruited in a well-orchestrated manner to the damage site. The DNA damage response at UV inflicted DNA lesions is accompanied by posttranslational modifications of DNA repair factors and the chromatin environment sourrounding the lesion. In particular, mono- and poly-ubiquitylation events are an integral part of the DNA damage signaling. Whereas ubiquitin signaling at DNA doublestrand breaks has been subject to intensive studies comparatively little is known about the intricacies of ubiquitylation events occurring during nucleotide excision repair (NER), the major pathway to remove bulky helix lesions. Both, the global genomic (GG-NER) and the transcription-coupled (TC-NER) branches of NER are subject to ubiquitylation and deubiquitylation processes.Here we summarize our current knowledge of the ubiquitylation network that drives DNA repair in the NER pathway and we discuss the crosstalk of ubiquitin signaling with other prominent post-translational modfications that might be essential to time the DNA damage recognition step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka Chitale
- a Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) , Mainz , Germany.,b Faculty of Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz , Germany
| | - Holger Richly
- a Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) , Mainz , Germany
| |
Collapse
|