1
|
Kahnt AS, Häfner AK, Steinhilber D. The role of human 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) in carcinogenesis - a question of canonical and non-canonical functions. Oncogene 2024; 43:1319-1327. [PMID: 38575760 PMCID: PMC11065698 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), a fatty acid oxygenase, is the central enzyme in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis, potent arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators released by innate immune cells, that control inflammatory and allergic responses. In addition, through interaction with 12- and 15-lipoxgenases, the enzyme is involved in the formation of omega-3 fatty acid-based oxylipins, which are thought to be involved in the resolution of inflammation. The expression of 5-LO is frequently deregulated in solid and liquid tumors, and there is strong evidence that the enzyme plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, global inhibition of LT formation and signaling has not yet shown the desired success in clinical trials. Curiously, the release of 5-LO-derived lipid mediators from tumor cells is often low, and the exact mechanism by which 5-LO influences tumor cell function is poorly understood. Recent data now show that in addition to releasing oxylipins, 5-LO can also influence gene expression in a lipid mediator-independent manner. These non-canonical functions, including modulation of miRNA processing and transcription factor shuttling, most likely influence cancer cell function and the tumor microenvironment and might explain the low clinical efficacy of pharmacological strategies that previously only targeted oxylipin formation and signaling by 5-LO. This review summarizes the canonical and non-canonical functions of 5-LO with a particular focus on tumorigenesis, highlights unresolved issues, and suggests future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid S Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao HY, Li L, Xue SL, Dai HP. Chidamide: Targeting epigenetic regulation in the treatment of hematological malignancy. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:301-309. [PMID: 36251458 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations frequently participate in the onset of hematological malignancies. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are essential for regulating gene transcription and various signaling pathways. Targeting HDACs has become a novel treatment option for hematological malignancies. Chidamide is the first oral selective HDAC inhibitor for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC10 and was first approved for the treatment of R/R peripheral T-cell lymphoma by the China Food and Drug Administration in 2014. Chidamide was also approved under the name Hiyasta (HBI-8000) in Japan in 2021. In vitro studies revealed that chidamide could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis via cell cycle arrest and the regulation of apoptotic proteins. In clinical studies, chidamide was also efficacious in multiple myeloma, acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. This review includes reported experimental and clinical data on chidamide monotherapy or chidamide treatment in combination with chemotherapy for various hematological malignancies, offering a rationale for the renewed exploration of this drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Cao
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Sheng-Li Xue
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hai-Ping Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kamens JL, Nance S, Koss C, Xu B, Cotton A, Lam JW, Garfinkle EAR, Nallagatla P, Smith AMR, Mitchell S, Ma J, Currier D, Wright WC, Kavdia K, Pagala VR, Kim W, Wallace LM, Cho JH, Fan Y, Seth A, Twarog N, Choi JK, Obeng EA, Hatley ME, Metzger ML, Inaba H, Jeha S, Rubnitz JE, Peng J, Chen T, Shelat AA, Guy RK, Gruber TA. Proteasome inhibition targets the KMT2A transcriptional complex in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:809. [PMID: 36781850 PMCID: PMC9925443 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rearrangments in Histone-lysine-N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2Ar) are associated with pediatric, adult and therapy-induced acute leukemias. Infants with KMT2Ar acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a poor prognosis with an event-free-survival of 38%. Herein we evaluate 1116 FDA approved compounds in primary KMT2Ar infant ALL specimens and identify a sensitivity to proteasome inhibition. Upon exposure to this class of agents, cells demonstrate a depletion of histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) and histone H3 lysine 79 dimethylation (H3K79me2) at KMT2A target genes in addition to a downregulation of the KMT2A gene expression signature, providing evidence that it targets the KMT2A transcriptional complex and alters the epigenome. A cohort of relapsed/refractory KMT2Ar patients treated with this approach on a compassionate basis had an overall response rate of 90%. In conclusion, we report on a high throughput drug screen in primary pediatric leukemia specimens whose results translate into clinically meaningful responses. This innovative treatment approach is now being evaluated in a multi-institutional upfront trial for infants with newly diagnosed ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Kamens
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Nance
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Cary Koss
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anitria Cotton
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jeannie W Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Pratima Nallagatla
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amelia M R Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sharnise Mitchell
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Duane Currier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - William C Wright
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kanisha Kavdia
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vishwajeeth R Pagala
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wonil Kim
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - LaShanale M Wallace
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ji-Hoon Cho
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yiping Fan
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Aman Seth
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nathaniel Twarog
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John K Choi
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Esther A Obeng
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mark E Hatley
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Monika L Metzger
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hiroto Inaba
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sima Jeha
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Tanja A Gruber
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Windisch R, Kreissig S, Wichmann C. Defined Human Leukemic CD34+ Liquid Cultures to Study HDAC/Transcriptional Repressor Complexes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2589:27-49. [PMID: 36255616 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2788-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Defined human primary cell model systems with growth dependence on oncogenes are highly requested to investigate tumor pathogenesis and to validate pharmacological inhibitors that specifically target oncoproteins and their executing protein complex partners. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), transcription factors such as RUNX1 and MLL1, which are important for normal blood cell development, frequently harbor mutations including chromosomal translocations with other coding genes, resulting in tumor-promoting gain-of-function fusion proteins. These oncoproteins completely modify transcriptional programs, thereby inducing malignant cell phenotypes. A common theme of the chimeric gene products is their physical interaction with a variety of chromatin-modifying effector molecules, including histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). These aberrant multiprotein machineries disturb gene expression and promote malignant cell growth. In this chapter, we briefly summarize the current understanding regarding AML-associated oncogene-driven human CD34+ blood progenitor cell expansion in ex vivo liquid cultures. We provide a step-by-step protocol to establish oncogene-induced human CD34+ blood progenitor cell cultures suitable to analyze the impact of transcriptional repressor/HDAC activity in these human AML cell models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Windisch
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Kreissig
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kreiß M, Oberlis JH, Seuter S, Bischoff-Kont I, Sürün D, Thomas D, Göbel T, Schmid T, Rådmark O, Brandes RP, Fürst R, Häfner AK, Steinhilber D. Human 5-lipoxygenase regulates transcription by association to euchromatin. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 203:115187. [PMID: 35878796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) is the key enzyme of leukotriene biosynthesis, mostly expressed in leukocytes and thus a crucial component of the innate immune system. In this study, we show that 5-LO, besides its canonical function as an arachidonic acid metabolizing enzyme, is a regulator of gene expression associated with euchromatin. By Crispr-Cas9-mediated 5-LO knockout (KO) in MonoMac6 (MM6) cells and subsequent RNA-Seq analysis, we identified 5-LO regulated genes which could be clustered to immune/defense response, cell adhesion, transcription and growth/developmental processes. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEG) identified cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2, PTGS2) and kynureninase (KYNU) as strongly regulated 5-LO target genes. 5-LO knockout affected MM6 cell adhesion and tryptophan metabolism via inhibition of the degradation of the immunoregulator kynurenine. By subsequent FAIRE-Seq and 5-LO ChIP-Seq analyses, we found an association of 5-LO with euchromatin, with prominent 5-LO binding to promoter regions in actively transcribed genes. By enrichment analysis of the ChIP-Seq results, we identified potential 5-LO interaction partners. Furthermore, 5-LO ChIP-Seq peaks resemble patterns of H3K27ac histone marks, suggesting that 5-LO recruitment mainly takes place at acetylated histones. In summary, we demonstrate a noncanonical function of 5-LO as transcriptional regulator in monocytic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Kreiß
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia H Oberlis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sabine Seuter
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Medical Faculty, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Iris Bischoff-Kont
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Duran Sürün
- Medical Systems Biology, UCC,TU Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, Medical Faculty, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tamara Göbel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University, Medical Faculty, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Olof Rådmark
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Medical Faculty, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wander P, Arentsen-Peters STCJM, Vrenken KS, Pinhanҫos SM, Koopmans B, Dolman MEM, Jones L, Garrido Castro P, Schneider P, Kerstjens M, Molenaar JJ, Pieters R, Zwaan CM, Stam RW. High-Throughput Drug Library Screening in Primary KMT2A-Rearranged Infant ALL Cells Favors the Identification of Drug Candidates That Activate P53 Signaling. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030638. [PMID: 35327440 PMCID: PMC8945716 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
KMT2A-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in infants (<1 year of age) represents an aggressive type of childhood leukemia characterized by a poor clinical outcome with a survival chance of <50%. Implementing novel therapeutic approaches for these patients is a slow-paced and costly process. Here, we utilized a drug-repurposing strategy to identify potent drugs that could expeditiously be translated into clinical applications. We performed high-throughput screens of various drug libraries, comprising 4191 different (mostly FDA-approved) compounds in primary KMT2A-rearranged infant ALL patient samples (n = 2). The most effective drugs were then tested on non-leukemic whole bone marrow samples (n = 2) to select drugs with a favorable therapeutic index for bone marrow toxicity. The identified agents frequently belonged to several recurrent drug classes, including BCL-2, histone deacetylase, topoisomerase, microtubule, and MDM2/p53 inhibitors, as well as cardiac glycosides and corticosteroids. The in vitro efficacy of these drug classes was successfully validated in additional primary KMT2A-rearranged infant ALL samples (n = 7) and KMT2A-rearranged ALL cell line models (n = 5). Based on literature studies, most of the identified drugs remarkably appeared to lead to activation of p53 signaling. In line with this notion, subsequent experiments showed that forced expression of wild-type p53 in KMT2A-rearranged ALL cells rapidly led to apoptosis induction. We conclude that KMT2A-rearranged infant ALL cells are vulnerable to p53 activation, and that drug-induced p53 activation may represent an essential condition for successful treatment results. Moreover, the present study provides an attractive collection of approved drugs that are highly effective against KMT2A-rearranged infant ALL cells while showing far less toxicity towards non-leukemic bone marrow, urging further (pre)clinical testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Wander
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Susan T. C. J. M. Arentsen-Peters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Kirsten S. Vrenken
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Sandra Mimoso Pinhanҫos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bianca Koopmans
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - M. Emmy M. Dolman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Luke Jones
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Patricia Garrido Castro
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Pauline Schneider
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Mark Kerstjens
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Jan J. Molenaar
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
| | - Christian Michel Zwaan
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Ronald W. Stam
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.W.); (S.T.C.J.M.A.-P.); (K.S.V.); (S.M.P.); (B.K.); (M.E.M.D.); (L.J.); (P.G.C.); (P.S.); (J.J.M.); (R.P.); (C.M.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)88-9727672
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Z, Zhang J, Zhou M, Li JL, Qiu QC, Fu JH, Xue SL, Qiu HY. Epigenetic therapy with chidamide alone or combined with 5‑azacitidine exerts antitumour effects on acute myeloid leukaemia cells in vitro. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:66. [PMID: 35103292 PMCID: PMC8848469 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chidamide, a selective histone deacetylase inhibitor, has antitumour effects. 5‑azacitidine (5‑AZA), a hypomethylating agent, is effective in treating acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effect of chidamide and 5‑AZA on AML cell lines has not been fully investigated. In the present study, the antileukaemia activity of chidamide, alone and in combination with 5‑AZA, was assessed on different subtypes of AML cell lines (M1‑M5) and primary samples from several patients with AML in vitro. The results indicated that the proliferation of leukaemia cells was significantly and dose‑dependently inhibited by chidamide and 5‑AZA alone or in combination. The combination also had marked synergistic effects to induce apoptosis of AML cells. The apoptosis of leukaemia cells was induced via downregulation of BCL‑2 and myeloid‑cell leukemia 1 (MCL‑1) levels. Of note, chidamide also degraded the MCL‑1 protein in venetoclax‑resistant U937 cells, in which the MCL‑1 protein is upregulated. In addition, chidamide was able to induce myeloid differentiation (with CD11b upregulation) of AML cell lines or monocytic/dendritic differentiation (with CD86 upregulation) of primary cultured cells from several patients with AML. Chidamide was also able to promote the differentiation of the venetoclax‑resistant U937 cell line by upregulating CD11b expression. In conclusion, chidamide alone or combined with 5‑AZA may be an effective therapy for AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Changshu Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changshu, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Oncology Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Qiao-Cheng Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hong Fu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Li Xue
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ying Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang J, Gao X, Yu L. Roles of Histone Deacetylases in Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Fusion Proteins. Front Oncol 2021; 11:741746. [PMID: 34540702 PMCID: PMC8440836 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.741746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate orchestration of gene expression is critical for the process of normal hematopoiesis, and dysregulation is closely associated with leukemogenesis. Epigenetic aberration is one of the major causes contributing to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), where chromosomal rearrangements are frequently found. Increasing evidences have shown the pivotal roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in chromatin remodeling, which are involved in stemness maintenance, cell fate determination, proliferation and differentiation, via mastering the transcriptional switch of key genes. In abnormal, these functions can be bloomed to elicit carcinogenesis. Presently, HDAC family members are appealing targets for drug exploration, many of which have been deployed to the AML treatment. As the majority of AML events are associated with chromosomal translocation resulting in oncogenic fusion proteins, it is valuable to comprehensively understand the mutual interactions between HDACs and oncogenic proteins. Therefore, we reviewed the process of leukemogenesis and roles of HDAC members acting in this progress, providing an insight for the target anchoring, investigation of hyperacetylated-agents, and how the current knowledge could be applied in AML treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ge M, Li D, Qiao Z, Sun Y, Kang T, Zhu S, Wang S, Xiao H, Zhao C, Shen S, Xu Z, Liu H. Restoring MLL reactivates latent tumor suppression-mediated vulnerability to proteasome inhibitors. Oncogene 2020; 39:5888-5901. [PMID: 32733069 PMCID: PMC7471105 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MLL undergoes multiple distinct chromosomal translocations to yield aggressive leukemia with dismal outcomes. Besides their well-established role in leukemogenesis, MLL fusions also possess latent tumor-suppressive activity, which can be exploited as effective cancer treatment strategies using pharmacological means such as proteasome inhibitors (PIs). Here, using MLL-rearranged xenografts and MLL leukemic cells as models, we show that wild-type MLL is indispensable for the latent tumor-suppressive activity of MLL fusions. MLL dysfunction, shown as loss of the chromatin accumulation and subsequent degradation of MLL, compromises the latent tumor suppression of MLL-AF4 and is instrumental for the acquired PI resistance. Mechanistically, MLL dysfunction is caused by chronic PI treatment-induced epigenetic reprogramming through the H2Bub-ASH2L-MLL axis and can be specifically restored by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which induce histone acetylation and recruits MLL on chromatin to promote cell cycle gene expression. Our findings not only demonstrate the mechanism underlying the inevitable acquisition of PI resistance in MLL leukemic cells, but also illustrate that preventing the emergence of PI-resistant cells constitutes a novel rationale for combination therapy with PIs and HDAC inhibitors in MLL leukemias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouhai Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifen Wang
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 350001, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjun Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200127, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenshu Xu
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 350001, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Han Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The reciprocal world of MLL fusions: A personal view. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194547. [PMID: 32294539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 15 years the Diagnostic Center of Acute Leukemia (DCAL) at the Frankfurt University has diagnosed and elucidated the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) recombinome with >100 MLL fusion partners. When analyzing all these different events, balanced chromosomal translocations were found to comprise the majority of these cases (~70%), while other types of genetic rearrangements (3-way-translocations, spliced fusions, 11q inversions, interstitial deletions or insertion of chromosomal fragments into other chromosomes) account for about 30%. In nearly all those complex cases, functional fusion proteins can be produced by transcription, splicing and translation. With a few exceptions (10 out of 102 fusion genes which were per se out-of-frame), all these genetic rearrangements produced a direct MLL fusion gene, and in 94% of cases an additional reciprocal fusion gene. So far, 114 patients (out of 2454 = ~5%) have been diagnosed only with the reciprocal fusion allele, displaying no MLL-X allele. The fact that so many MLL rearrangements bear at least two fusion alleles, but also our findings that several direct MLL fusions were either out-of-frame fusions or missing, raises the question about the function and importance of reciprocal MLL fusions. Recent findings also demonstrate the presence of reciprocal MLL fusions in sarcoma patients. Here, we want to discuss the role of reciprocal MLL fusion proteins for leukemogenesis and beyond.
Collapse
|
11
|
AFF1 acetylation by p300 temporally inhibits transcription during genotoxic stress response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:22140-22151. [PMID: 31611376 PMCID: PMC6823056 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907097116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells are constantly exposed to genotoxic agents that can lead to DNA damage, genomic instability, and diseases, including cancers. Maintenance of genomic stability, a prerequisite for survival and proper functions of cells, is facilitated by the cellular DNA repair machinery. One of the earliest responses to DNA damage is a transient inhibition of transcription to avoid fatal collisions between the DNA repair and transcriptional machineries. However, the mechanisms underlying this early transcriptional inhibition are poorly understood. Our study establishes a critical role for AFF1, a key component of super elongation complex, in early transcription inhibition and cell survival upon DNA damage, as well as a mechanism involving p300-mediated acetylation of AFF1 and consequent inactivation of the super elongation complex. Soon after exposure to genotoxic reagents, mammalian cells inhibit transcription to prevent collisions with repair machinery and to mount a proper DNA damage response. However, mechanisms underlying early transcriptional inhibition are poorly understood. In this report, we show that site-specific acetylation of super elongation complex (SEC) subunit AFF1 by p300 reduces its interaction with other SEC components and impairs P-TEFb−mediated C-terminal domain phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II both in vitro and in vivo. Reexpression of wild-type AFF1, but not an acetylation mimic mutant, restores SEC component recruitment and target gene expression in AFF1 knockdown cells. Physiologically, we show that, upon genotoxic exposure, p300-mediated AFF1 acetylation is dynamic and strongly correlated with concomitant global down-regulation of transcription—and that this can be reversed by overexpression of an acetylation-defective AFF1 mutant. Therefore, we describe a mechanism of dynamic transcriptional regulation involving p300-mediated acetylation of a key elongation factor during genotoxic stress.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lambert M, Alioui M, Jambon S, Depauw S, Van Seuningen I, David-Cordonnier MH. Direct and Indirect Targeting of HOXA9 Transcription Factor in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060837. [PMID: 31213012 PMCID: PMC6627208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
HOXA9 (Homeobox A9) is a homeotic transcription factor known for more than two decades to be associated with leukemia. The expression of HOXA9 homeoprotein is associated with anterior-posterior patterning during embryonic development, and its expression is then abolished in most adult cells, with the exception of hematopoietic progenitor cells. The oncogenic function of HOXA9 was first assessed in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), particularly in the mixed-phenotype associated lineage leukemia (MPAL) subtype. HOXA9 expression in AML is associated with aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Since then, HOXA9 has been involved in other hematopoietic malignancies and an increasing number of solid tumors. Despite this, HOXA9 was for a long time not targeted to treat cancer, mainly since, as a transcription factor, it belongs to a class of protein long considered to be an "undruggable" target; however, things have now evolved. The aim of the present review is to focus on the different aspects of HOXA9 targeting that could be achieved through multiple ways: (1) indirectly, through the inhibition of its expression, a strategy acting principally at the epigenetic level; or (2) directly, through the inhibition of its transcription factor function by acting at either the protein/protein interaction or the protein/DNA interaction interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lambert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Meryem Alioui
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Samy Jambon
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Sabine Depauw
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène David-Cordonnier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Häfner AK, Kahnt AS, Steinhilber D. Beyond leukotriene formation—The noncanonical functions of 5-lipoxygenase. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 142:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
14
|
Vega-García N, Malatesta R, Estella C, Pérez-Jaume S, Esperanza-Cebollada E, Torrebadell M, Català A, Gassiot S, Berrueco R, Ruiz-Llobet A, Alonso-Saladrigues A, Mesegué M, Pont-Martí S, Rives S, Camós M. Paediatric patients with acute leukaemia andKMT2A (MLL)rearrangement show a distinctive expression pattern of histone deacetylases. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:542-553. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Vega-García
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Roberta Malatesta
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Camino Estella
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Sara Pérez-Jaume
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory; Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Elena Esperanza-Cebollada
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Montserrat Torrebadell
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Albert Català
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Susanna Gassiot
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Rubén Berrueco
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Anna Ruiz-Llobet
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Anna Alonso-Saladrigues
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Montserrat Mesegué
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Sandra Pont-Martí
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Susana Rives
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Mireia Camós
- Haematology Laboratory; Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lambert M, Jambon S, Depauw S, David-Cordonnier MH. Targeting Transcription Factors for Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061479. [PMID: 29921764 PMCID: PMC6100431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are involved in a large number of human diseases such as cancers for which they account for about 20% of all oncogenes identified so far. For long time, with the exception of ligand-inducible nuclear receptors, transcription factors were considered as “undruggable” targets. Advances knowledge of these transcription factors, in terms of structure, function (expression, degradation, interaction with co-factors and other proteins) and the dynamics of their mode of binding to DNA has changed this postulate and paved the way for new therapies targeted against transcription factors. Here, we discuss various ways to target transcription factors in cancer models: by modulating their expression or degradation, by blocking protein/protein interactions, by targeting the transcription factor itself to prevent its DNA binding either through a binding pocket or at the DNA-interacting site, some of these inhibitors being currently used or evaluated for cancer treatment. Such different targeting of transcription factors by small molecules is facilitated by modern chemistry developing a wide variety of original molecules designed to specifically abort transcription factor and by an increased knowledge of their pathological implication through the use of new technologies in order to make it possible to improve therapeutic control of transcription factor oncogenic functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lambert
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Samy Jambon
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Sabine Depauw
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène David-Cordonnier
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The IRX1/HOXA connection: insights into a novel t(4;11)- specific cancer mechanism. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35341-52. [PMID: 27175594 PMCID: PMC5085233 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One hallmark of MLL-r leukemia is the highly specific gene expression signature indicative for commonly deregulated target genes. An usual read-out for this transcriptional deregulation is the HOXA gene cluster, where upregulated HOXA genes are detected in MLL-r AML and ALL patients. In case of t(4;11) leukemia, this simple picture becomes challenged, because these patients separate into HOXAhi- and HOXAlo-patients. HOXAlo-patients showed a reduced HOXA gene transcription, but instead overexpressed the homeobox gene IRX1. This transcriptional pattern was associated with a higher relapse rate and worse outcome. Here, we demonstrate that IRX1 binds to the MLL-AF4 complex at target gene promotors and counteract its promotor activating function. In addition, IRX1 induces transcription of HOXB4 and EGR family members. HOXB4 is usually a downstream target of c-KIT, WNT and TPO signaling pathways and necessary for maintaining and expanding in hematopoietic stem cells. EGR proteins control a p21-dependent quiescence program for hematopoietic stem cells. Both IRX1-dependend actions may help t(4;11) leukemia cells to establish a stem cell compartment. We also demonstrate that HDACi administration is functionally interfering with IRX1 and MLL-AF4, a finding which could help to improve new treatment options for t(4;11) patients.
Collapse
|
17
|
Saul MJ, Groher F, Hegewald AB, Müller-McNicoll M, Marschalek R, Suess B, Steinhilber D. TGFβ/SMAD signalling modulates MLL and MLL-AF4 mediated 5-lipoxygenase promoter activation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 133:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
18
|
Steinhilber D, Marschalek R. How to effectively treat acute leukemia patients bearing MLL-rearrangements ? Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 147:183-190. [PMID: 28943239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations - leading to the expression of fusion genes - are well-studied genetic abberrations associated with the development of leukemias. Most of them represent altered transcription factors that affect transcription or epigenetics, while others - like BCR-ABL - are enhancing signaling. BCR-ABL has become the prototype for rational drug design, and drugs like Imatinib and subsequently improved drugs have a great impact on cancer treatments. By contrast, MLL-translocations in acute leukemia patients are hard to treat, display a high relapse rate and the overall survival rate is still very poor. Therefore, new treatment modalities are urgently needed. Based on the molecular insights of the most frequent MLL rearrangements, BET-, DOT1L-, SET- and MEN1/LEDGF-inhibitors have been developed and first clinical studies were initiated. Not all results of these studies have are yet available, however, a first paper reports a failure in the DOT1L-inhibitor study although it was the most promising drug based on literature data. One possible explanation is that all of the above mentioned drugs also target the cognate wildtype proteins. Here, we want to strengthen the fact that efforts should be made to develop drugs or strategies to selectively inhibit only the fusion proteins. Some examples will be given that follow exactly this guideline, and proof-of-concept experiments have already demonstrated their feasibility and effectiveness. Some of the mentioned approaches were using drugs that are already on the market, indicating that there are existing opportunities for the future which should be implemented in future therapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharm. Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharm. Biology/DCAL, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Marschalek R. Systematic Classification of Mixed-Lineage Leukemia Fusion Partners Predicts Additional Cancer Pathways. Ann Lab Med 2017; 36:85-100. [PMID: 26709255 PMCID: PMC4713862 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2016.36.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations of the human mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene have been analyzed for more than 20 yr at the molecular level. So far, we have collected about 80 direct MLL fusions (MLL-X alleles) and about 120 reciprocal MLL fusions (X-MLL alleles). The reason for the higher amount of reciprocal MLL fusions is that the excess is caused by 3-way translocations with known direct fusion partners. This review is aiming to propose a solution for an obvious problem, namely why so many and completely different MLL fusion alleles are always leading to the same leukemia phenotypes (ALL, AML, or MLL). This review is aiming to explain the molecular consequences of MLL translocations, and secondly, the contribution of the different fusion partners. A new hypothesis will be posed that can be used for future research, aiming to find new avenues for the treatment of this particular leukemia entity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology/DCAL, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Biocenter, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Winters AC, Bernt KM. MLL-Rearranged Leukemias-An Update on Science and Clinical Approaches. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:4. [PMID: 28232907 PMCID: PMC5299633 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) gene (now renamed Lysine [K]-specific MethylTransferase 2A or KMT2A) on chromosome 11q23 is disrupted in a unique group of acute leukemias. More than 80 different partner genes in these fusions have been described, although the majority of leukemias result from MLL1 fusions with one of about six common partner genes. Approximately 10% of all leukemias harbor MLL1 translocations. Of these, two patient populations comprise the majority of cases: patients younger than 1 year of age at diagnosis (primarily acute lymphoblastic leukemias) and young- to-middle-aged adults (primarily acute myeloid leukemias). A much rarer subgroup of patients with MLL1 rearrangements develop leukemia that is attributable to prior treatment with certain chemotherapeutic agents-so-called therapy-related leukemias. In general, outcomes for all of these patients remain poor when compared to patients with non-MLL1 rearranged leukemias. In this review, we will discuss the normal biological roles of MLL1 and its fusion partners, how these roles are hypothesized to be dysregulated in the context of MLL1 rearrangements, and the clinical manifestations of this group of leukemias. We will go on to discuss the progress in clinical management and promising new avenues of research, which may lead to more effective targeted therapies for affected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Winters
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, CO , USA
| | - Kathrin M Bernt
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora, CO , USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ahmad K, Scholz B, Capelo R, Schweighöfer I, Kahnt AS, Marschalek R, Steinhilber D. AF4 and AF4-MLL mediate transcriptional elongation of 5-lipoxygenase mRNA by 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Oncotarget 2016; 6:25784-800. [PMID: 26329759 PMCID: PMC4694866 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), encoded by the ALOX5 gene, is the key enzyme in the formation of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. ALOX5 gene transcription is strongly stimulated by calcitriol (1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) and TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β). Here, we investigated the influence of MLL (activator of transcript initiation), AF4 (activator of transcriptional elongation) as well as of the leukemogenic fusion proteins MLL-AF4 (ectopic activator of transcript initiation) and AF4-MLL (ectopic activator of transcriptional elongation) on calcitriol/TGFβ-dependent 5-LO transcript elongation. We present evidence that the AF4 complex directly interacts with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and promotes calcitriol-dependent ALOX5 transcript elongation. Activation of transcript elongation was strongly enhanced by the AF4-MLL fusion protein but was sensitive to Flavopiridol. By contrast, MLL-AF4 displayed no effect on transcriptional elongation. Furthermore, HDAC class I inhibitors inhibited the ectopic effects caused by AF4-MLL on transcriptional elongation, suggesting that HDAC class I inhibitors are potential therapeutics for the treatment of t(4;11)(q21;q23) leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Ahmad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry / ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bastian Scholz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology / ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ricardo Capelo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry / ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ilona Schweighöfer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry / ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Astrid Stefanie Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry / ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology / ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry / ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|