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Izawa H, Ishisaka S, Saimoto H, Ifuku S. Drying-induced surface wrinkles generated on chitosan films having polyion complex skin layers: effects of physical properties of skin layers and substrates on surface wrinkling upon drying. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Izawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shota Ishisaka
- Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
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Ma J, Lin S, Jiang Y, Li P, Zhang H, Xu Z, Wu H, Lin P, Breu J, Gao W, Gao C. Digital Programming Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystalline Hybrid Hydrogel by Shearing Microlithography. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2336-2344. [PMID: 31951370 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Designing anisotropic architectures enables the creation of soft materials with rich properties and functions to artificially simulate the evolutionary diversity of biology. In the important liquid crystalline hybrid (LCH) hydrogels, free manipulation of liquid crystalline order in high accuracy and efficiency has been long pursued to design properties and functions but remains a challenge. Here, we realize digital programing LC order in graphene oxide LCH hydrogels in high size resolution (∼20 μm) and efficiency by using shearing microlithography. The localized shear-induced LC order organization is immobilized by cross-linking gelation, and we prepare graphene oxide LCH hydrogels with digital programmed patterns in a large area. The shearing order generates a vertical alignment of graphene oxide sheets in hydrogels and a considerable mechanical anisotropy controlled by the shearing angle and interval spacing. By diversely organizing geometry of LC order, the mechanical response behaviors of LCH hydrogels are designed to exhibit localized deformations, steered cracking, and programmable swelling actuations. Our work offers a versatile avenue to scalably digital program LCH hydrogels in a high efficiency and accuracy. The digital designed hydrogel promises wide uses in actuators, bioscaffolds, biomimetic materials, and soft designer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Senpeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of E&M, Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Yanqiu Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Hengjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of E&M, Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Zhen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Huaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of E&M, Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Pengcheng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Materials and Energy School , Guangdong University of Technology , Panyu District, Guangzhou , 510006 , China
| | - Josef Breu
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I , University of Bayreuth , Universitatsstraße 30 , 95440 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Weiwei Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road , Hangzhou 310027 , P. R. China
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Daban JR. Supramolecular multilayer organization of chromosomes: possible functional roles of planar chromatin in gene expression and DNA replication and repair. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:395-411. [PMID: 31879954 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental evidence indicates that the chromatin filament is self-organized into a multilayer planar structure that is densely stacked in metaphase and unstacked in interphase. This chromatin organization is unexpected, but it is shown that diverse supramolecular assemblies, including dinoflagellate chromosomes, are multilayered. The mechanical strength of planar chromatin protects the genome integrity, even when double-strand breaks are produced. Here, it is hypothesized that the chromatin filament in the loops and topologically associating domains is folded within the thin layers of the multilaminar chromosomes. It is also proposed that multilayer chromatin has two states: inactive when layers are stacked and active when layers are unstacked. Importantly, the well-defined topology of planar chromatin may facilitate DNA replication without entanglements and DNA repair by homologous recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan-Ramon Daban
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Daban JR. The energy components of stacked chromatin layers explain the morphology, dimensions and mechanical properties of metaphase chromosomes. J R Soc Interface 2014; 11:20131043. [PMID: 24402918 PMCID: PMC3899872 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The measurement of the dimensions of metaphase chromosomes in different animal and plant karyotypes prepared in different laboratories indicates that chromatids have a great variety of sizes which are dependent on the amount of DNA that they contain. However, all chromatids are elongated cylinders that have relatively similar shape proportions (length to diameter ratio approx. 13). To explain this geometry, it is considered that chromosomes are self-organizing structures formed by stacked layers of planar chromatin and that the energy of nucleosome-nucleosome interactions between chromatin layers inside the chromatid is approximately 3.6 × 10(-20) J per nucleosome, which is the value reported by other authors for internucleosome interactions in chromatin fibres. Nucleosomes in the periphery of the chromatid are in contact with the medium; they cannot fully interact with bulk chromatin within layers and this generates a surface potential that destabilizes the structure. Chromatids are smooth cylinders because this morphology has a lower surface energy than structures having irregular surfaces. The elongated shape of chromatids can be explained if the destabilizing surface potential is higher in the telomeres (approx. 0.16 mJ m(-2)) than in the lateral surface (approx. 0.012 mJ m(-2)). The results obtained by other authors in experimental studies of chromosome mechanics have been used to test the proposed supramolecular structure. It is demonstrated quantitatively that internucleosome interactions between chromatin layers can justify the work required for elastic chromosome stretching (approx. 0.1 pJ for large chromosomes). The high amount of work (up to approx. 10 pJ) required for large chromosome extensions is probably absorbed by chromatin layers through a mechanism involving nucleosome unwrapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan-Ramon Daban
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
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