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Kim JH, Koo BH, Kim SU, Kim JY. Measurement of 3D Wrist Angles by Combining Textile Stretch Sensors and AI Algorithm. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1685. [PMID: 38475221 DOI: 10.3390/s24051685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The wrist is one of the most complex joints in our body, composed of eight bones. Therefore, measuring the angles of this intricate wrist movement can prove valuable in various fields such as sports analysis and rehabilitation. Textile stretch sensors can be easily produced by immersing an E-band in a SWCNT solution. The lightweight, cost-effective, and reproducible nature of textile stretch sensors makes them well suited for practical applications in clothing. In this paper, wrist angles were measured by attaching textile stretch sensors to an arm sleeve. Three sensors were utilized to measure all three axes of the wrist. Additionally, sensor precision was heightened through the utilization of the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) technique, a subtype of deep learning. Rather than fixing the measurement values of each sensor to specific axes, we created an algorithm utilizing the coupling between sensors, allowing the measurement of wrist angles in three dimensions. Using this algorithm, the error angle of wrist angles measured with textile stretch sensors could be measured at less than 4.5°. This demonstrated higher accuracy compared to other soft sensors available for measuring wrist angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ha Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Hak Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Un Kim
- Department of Smartwearable Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
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Chen Y, Qu S, Song Q, Shi W, Li H, Yao Q, Chen L. Synergistically Optimized Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties in Copper Phthalocyanine-Based Organic Small Molecule with Nanoscale Phase Separations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:15064-15072. [PMID: 33779147 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)-based organic small molecules were prepared through vapor-phase reaction. Nanoscale phase separation was observed with tunable CuPc and copper phthalocyaninato iodide (CuPcI) phase content by changing the iodine ratio. The Seebeck coefficient of the samples was significantly enhanced, which is considered to be attributed to the enhanced surface polarization effect due to the formation of a great number of nanoscale interfaces between the CuPc phase and the CuPcI phase. In addition, these nanointerfaces also gave rise to increased phonon scattering and therefore significantly reduced the lattice thermal conductivity of the small-molecule samples. As a result of the combination of the synergistically optimized electrical and thermal transport properties, the maximum ZT value reaches 3.0 × 10-2 at room temperature, which is among the highest values for small-molecule charge-transfer complex reported so far. Our results shed light on optimizing the thermoelectric performance of organic small molecules by introducing nanoscale phase separations and tailoring the nanoscale interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sanyin Qu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Qingfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Qin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Lidong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Hwang SW, Shin MJ, Shin JS, Kim CH. Dielectric Responses of Polyurethane Films Related to Temperature and Frequency. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Hwang
- Department of Chemistry; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 South Korea
| | - Min Jae Shin
- School of Integrated Oriental Medical Bioscience; Semyung University; Jecheon 27136 South Korea
| | - Jae Sup Shin
- Department of Chemistry; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 South Korea
| | - Chy Hyung Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Cheongju University; Cheongju 28503 South Korea
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Ruan M, Yang D, Guo W, Huang S, Wu Y, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang L. Improved electromechanical properties of brominated butyl rubber filled with modified barium titanate. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05667b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Barium titanate (BT) particles, BT-KH570 particles, and polar plasticizer tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) were added into BIIR matrix to form a dielectric elastomer composite, which had a high dielectric constant, good mechanical properties, and large actuated strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Ruan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials
| | - Dan Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
| | - Wenli Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Shuo Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials
| | - Yibo Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology
- Beijing
- China
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials
| | - Huaming Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
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Chen T, Qiu J, Zhu K, Li J, Wang J, Li S, Wang X. Achieving High Performance Electric Field Induced Strain: A Rational Design of Hyperbranched Aromatic Polyamide Functionalized Graphene–Polyurethane Dielectric Elastomer Composites. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4521-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp508864b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
- College
of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Jinhao Qiu
- State
Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
- College
of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Kongjun Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
- College
of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Jinhuan Li
- College
of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- College
of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- College
of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Key
Laboratory of High-Performance Polymers Materials and Technology of
Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Investigations on the Structural and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Resins Based on Cu(II)phthalocyanines. INT J POLYM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/461390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work report was reported on the effect of the addition of organic filler, that is, 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-octahydroxycopper(II)phthalocyanine [(OH)8CuPc] (3), on the thermal, tensile, and morphological properties of a polyurethane matrix. The mechanical and dynamic mechanical thermal tests together with microstructural characterization of CuPc/PU composites were performed. The three PU composite films containing up to 1, 15, and 30 wt% of CuPc have different behaviors in terms of their morphological issues, thermal properties, and tensile behavior in comparison with the PU film as the reference material. Very high elongations at break from 910% to 1230%, as well as high tensile strengths, illustrate excellent ultimate tensile properties of the prepared samples. The best mechanical and thermomechanical properties were found for the sample filled with 30 wt% of CuPc.
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