1
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Kapil K, Jazani AM, Sobieski J, Madureira LP, Szczepaniak G, Martinez MR, Gorczyński A, Murata H, Kowalewski T, Matyjaszewski K. Hydrophilic Poly(meth)acrylates by Controlled Radical Branching Polymerization: Hyperbranching and Fragmentation. Macromolecules 2024; 57:5368-5379. [PMID: 38882197 PMCID: PMC11171460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Topology significantly impacts polymer properties and applications. Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using inimers typically exhibit broad molecular weight distributions and limited control over branching. Alternatively, copolymerization of inibramers (IB), such as α-chloro/bromo acrylates with vinyl monomers, yields HBPs with precise and uniform branching. Herein, we described the synthesis of hydrophilic HB polyacrylates in water by copolymerizing a water-soluble IB, oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether 2-bromoacrylate (OEOBA), with various hydrophilic acrylate comonomers. Visible-light-mediated controlled radical branching polymerization (CRBP) with dual catalysis using eosin Y (EY) and copper complexes resulted in HBPs with various molecular weights (M n = 38 000 to 170 000) and degrees of branching (2%-24%). Furthermore, the optimized conditions enabled the successful application of the OEOBA to synthesize linear-hyperbranched block copolymers and hyperbranched polymer protein hybrids (HB-PPH), demonstrating its potential to advance the synthesis of complex macromolecular architecture under environmentally benign conditions. Copolymerization of hydrophilic methacrylate monomer, oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA500), and inibramer OEOBA was accompanied by fragmentation via β-carbon C-C bond scission and subsequent growth of polymer chains from the fragments. Furthermore, computational studies investigating the fragmentation depending on the IB and comonomer structure supported the experimental observations. This work expands the toolkit of water-soluble inibramers for CRBP and highlights the critical influence of the inibramer structure on reaction outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Kapil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Arman Moini Jazani
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Julian Sobieski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Leticia P Madureira
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Michael R Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- PPG Industries, Inc., 4325 Rosanna Drive, Allison Park, Pennysylvania 15101, United States
| | - Adam Gorczyński
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań, 61-614, Poland
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Tomasz Kowalewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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2
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Pavón C, Benetti EM, Lorandi F. Polymer Brushes on Nanoparticles for Controlling the Interaction with Protein-Rich Physiological Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11843-11857. [PMID: 38787578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with biological environments triggers the formation of a protein corona (PC), which significantly influences their behavior in vivo. This review explores the evolving understanding of PC formation, focusing on the opportunity for decreasing or suppressing protein-NP interactions by macromolecular engineering of NP shells. The functionalization of NPs with a dense, hydrated polymer brush shell is a powerful strategy for imparting stealth properties in order to elude recognition by the immune system. While poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been extensively used for this purpose, concerns regarding its stability and immunogenicity have prompted the exploration of alternative polymers. The stealth properties of brush shells can be enhanced by tailoring functionalities and structural parameters, including the molar mass, grafting density, and polymer topology. Determining correlations between these parameters and biopassivity has enabled us to obtain polymer-grafted NPs with high colloidal stability and prolonged circulation time in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pavón
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry (MOC), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry (MOC), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry (MOC), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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3
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Saura-Sanmartin A. Light-responsive rotaxane-based materials: inducing motion in the solid state. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:873-880. [PMID: 37346498 PMCID: PMC10280056 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-responsive rotaxane-based solid-state materials are ideal scaffolds in order to develop smart materials due to the properties provided by the mechanical bond, such as control over the dynamics of the components upon application of external stimuli. This perspective aims to highlight the relevance of these materials, by pointing out recent examples of photoresponsive materials prepared from a rotaxanated architecture in which motion of the counterparts and/or macroscopic motion of the interlocked materials are achieved. Although further development is needed, these materials are envisioned as privileged scaffolds which will be used for different advanced applications in the area of molecular machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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4
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El Yousfi R, Brahmi M, Dalli M, Achalhi N, Azougagh O, Tahani A, Touzani R, El Idrissi A. Recent Advances in Nanoparticle Development for Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Review of Polycaprolactone-Based Multi-Arm Architectures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081835. [PMID: 37111982 PMCID: PMC10142392 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery is a crucial area of study for improving the targeted availability of drugs; several polymer systems have been applied for the formulation of drug delivery vehicles, including linear amphiphilic block copolymers, but with some limitations manifested in their ability to form only nanoaggregates such as polymersomes or vesicles within a narrow range of hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, which can be problematic. For this, multi-arm architecture has emerged as an efficient alternative that overcame these challenges, with many interesting advantages such as reducing critical micellar concentrations, producing smaller particles, allowing for various functional compositions, and ensuring prolonged and continuous drug release. This review focuses on examining the key variables that influence the customization of multi-arm architecture assemblies based on polycaprolactone and their impact on drug loading and delivery. Specifically, this study focuses on the investigation of the structure-property relationships in these formulations, including the thermal properties presented by this architecture. Furthermore, this work will emphasize the importance of the type of architecture, chain topology, self-assembly parameters, and comparison between multi-arm structures and linear counterparts in relation to their impact on their performance as nanocarriers. By understanding these relationships, more effective multi-arm polymers can be designed with appropriate characteristics for their intended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridouan El Yousfi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Brahmi
- Physical Chemistry of Natural Substances and Process Team, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE-CPSUNAP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Dalli
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Nafea Achalhi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Omar Azougagh
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Environment (LMCME), Department of Chemistry, Faculty Multidisciplinary Nador, University Mohamed Premier, P. B. 300, Nador 62700, Morocco
| | - Abdesselam Tahani
- Physical Chemistry of Natural Substances and Process Team, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE-CPSUNAP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Rachid Touzani
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahmane El Idrissi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
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5
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Hirao T. Macromolecular architectures constructed by biscalix[5]arene–[60]fullerene host–guest interactions. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Esmaeilpour D, Broscheit JA, Shityakov S. Cyclodextrin-Based Polymeric Materials Bound to Corona Protein for Theranostic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13505. [PMID: 36362293 PMCID: PMC9656986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharide structures that could be used for theranostic applications in personalized medicine. These compounds have been widely utilized not only for enhancing drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability but also for controlled and targeted delivery of small molecules. These compounds can be complexed with various biomolecules, such as peptides or proteins, via host-guest interactions. CDs are amphiphilic compounds with water-hating holes and water-absorbing surfaces. Architectures of CDs allow the drawing and preparation of CD-based polymers (CDbPs) with optimal pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. These polymers can be cloaked with protein corona consisting of adsorbed plasma or extracellular proteins to improve nanoparticle biodistribution and half-life. Besides, CDs have become famous in applications ranging from biomedicine to environmental sciences. In this review, we emphasize ongoing research in biomedical fields using CD-based centered, pendant, and terminated polymers and their interactions with protein corona for theranostic applications. Overall, a perusal of information concerning this novel approach in biomedicine will help to implement this methodology based on host-guest interaction to improve therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donya Esmaeilpour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 713451583, Iran
| | - Jens Albert Broscheit
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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7
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Wu Y, Nan T, Ji X, Liu B, Cui D. A Facile Approach to Produce Star Polymers Based on Coordination Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205894. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Tianhao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xiangling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
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8
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Wu Y, Nan T, Ji X, Liu B, Cui D. A Facile Approach to Produce Star Polymers Based on Coordination Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Tianhao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xiangling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China
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9
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Jabedul HM, Toda M, Mase N. Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclodextrin-Based Polyhemiaminal Composites with Enhanced Thermal Stability. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081562. [PMID: 35458312 PMCID: PMC9032068 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhemiaminal (PHA) polymers are a new class of thermosetting polymers that have recently gained attention owing to their high mechanical strength and excellent recycling behavior. However, low thermal stability is a common issue in PHA polymers due to the thermally labile crosslinked knots. Herein, crosslinked PHA polymer composites were synthesized by reacting formaldehyde with a precursor solution of 4,4ʹ-oxydianiline (ODA) and cyclodextrins (CDs) (α-, β-, and γ-). The material obtained under optimal conditions (ODA:CD molar ratio of 1:0.5, 37% aqueous solution of formaldehyde (formalin)) exhibited good film formability and high thermal stability with two characteristic decomposition phenomena and a high char yield. The early decomposition of CDs and char formation led to high thermal stability. Time-resolved NMR analysis was conducted to study hemiaminal bond formation via a condensation reaction between ODA and formaldehyde. Furthermore, PHA matrix formation was confirmed by the dissolution of the deposited CD layer in a solution of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone containing 8–9 wt.% LiBr at 80 °C and FTIR analysis. Based on the elemental analysis results, PHA network formation was confirmed by considering a single unit of the PHA network with CD composition, including the solvent and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoque Mohammed Jabedul
- Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Shizuoka, Japan;
- Correspondence: (H.M.J.); (M.T.); Tel.: +81-478-1146 (M.T.)
| | - Mitsuo Toda
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Shizuoka, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.M.J.); (M.T.); Tel.: +81-478-1146 (M.T.)
| | - Nobuyuki Mase
- Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Shizuoka, Japan;
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Shizuoka, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Shizuoka, Japan
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10
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Sato H, Aoki D, Marubayashi H, Uchida S, Sogawa H, Nojima S, Liang X, Nakajima K, Hayakawa T, Takata T. Topology-transformable block copolymers based on a rotaxane structure: change in bulk properties with same composition. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6175. [PMID: 34702810 PMCID: PMC8548399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The topology of polymers affects their characteristic features, i.e., their microscopic structure and macroscopic properties. However, the topology of a polymer is usually fixed during the construction of the polymer chain and cannot be transformed after its determination during the synthesis. In this study, topology-transformable block copolymers that are connected via rotaxane linkages are introduced. We will present systems in which the topology transformation of block copolymers changes their 1) microphase-separated structures and 2) macroscopic mechanical properties. The combination of a rotaxane structure at the junction point and block copolymers that spontaneously form microphase-separated structures in the bulk provides access to systems that cannot be attained using conventional covalent bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hironori Marubayashi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Sogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shuichi Nojima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Xiaobin Liang
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Ken Nakajima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Teruaki Hayakawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan.
- JST-CREST, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan.
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan.
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11
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Dabrowski-Tumanski P, Rubach P, Niemyska W, Gren BA, Sulkowska JI. Topoly: Python package to analyze topology of polymers. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:bbaa196. [PMID: 32935829 PMCID: PMC8138882 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing role of topology in (bio)physical properties of matter creates a need for an efficient method of detecting the topology of a (bio)polymer. However, the existing tools allow one to classify only the simplest knots and cannot be used in automated sample analysis. To answer this need, we created the Topoly Python package. This package enables the distinguishing of knots, slipknots, links and spatial graphs through the calculation of different topological polynomial invariants. It also enables one to create the minimal spanning surface on a given loop, e.g. to detect a lasso motif or to generate random closed polymers. It is capable of reading various file formats, including PDB. The extensive documentation along with test cases and the simplicity of the Python programming language make it a very simple to use yet powerful tool, suitable even for inexperienced users. Topoly can be obtained from https://topoly.cent.uw.edu.pl.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Ida Sulkowska
- Corresponding author: Joanna Ida Sulkowska, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-097, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland. Tel.: +48-22-55-43678 E-mail:
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12
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13
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Wang TW, Golder MR. Advancing macromolecular hoop construction: recent developments in synthetic cyclic polymer chemistry. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01655a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic methodology to access cyclic macromolecules continues to develop via two distinct mechanistic classes: ring-expansion of macrocyclic initiators and ring-closure of functionalized linear polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
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14
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Huo Y, He Z, Wang C, Zhang L, Xuan Q, Wei S, Wang Y, Pan D, Dong B, Wei R, Naik N, Guo Z. The recent progress of synergistic supramolecular polymers: preparation, properties and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1413-1429. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07247h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Interactions for forming supramolecular polymers were reviewed together with their unique properties and applications with detailed examples.
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15
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Huo Z, Xia L, Li G, Xiao X. A "Polymer Template" Strategy for Carbonized Polymer Dots with Controllable Properties. Chemistry 2020; 26:14754-14764. [PMID: 32841406 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Limited avenues are available for property control of carbonized polymer dots (PDs) owing to the unsatisfactory understanding of PDs" formation. Herein, a de novo "polymer template" strategy is presented for PDs with customizable functional surface groups (FSG), size, and underlying fluorescence, with a detailed mechanism. The strategy relies on novel di-active site polymers (DASPs) prepared from alkenyl azides via [3+2] cycloaddition and guanidino hydrolysis. Benefiting from these specific reactions, the DASPs were convenient for mass production and stable for storage, and could be transformed to PDs upon addition of nucleophilic agents through nucleophilic addition and substitution at 70 °C. By regulating the types of alkenyl azides, nucleophilic agents, and reaction conditions, the as-prepare PDs could be tailored with controlled types of core, FSG, and particle size, as well as fluorescence properties of quantum yield from 8.2-55.6 %, and emission maximum from 380-500 nm. These specialties make this "polymer template" strategy a promising start for building PDs-based sensor platforms. Moreover, the strategy could further our understanding towards PDs' formation, and open up a new way to customize PDs for specific needs in the fields of analysis, catalysis, images, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Huo
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ling Xia
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Xiao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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16
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17
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18
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Sinawang G, Osaki M, Takashima Y, Yamaguchi H, Harada A. Biofunctional hydrogels based on host–guest interactions. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-0352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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19
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Hirao T, Fukuta K, Haino T. Supramolecular Approach to Polymer-Shape Transformation via Calixarene–Fullerene Complexation. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Hirao
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kazushi Fukuta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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20
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Zou W, Jin B, Wu Y, Song H, Luo Y, Huang F, Qian J, Zhao Q, Xie T. Light-triggered topological programmability in a dynamic covalent polymer network. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz2362. [PMID: 32258406 PMCID: PMC7101221 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent polymer networks exhibit unusual adaptability while maintaining the robustness of conventional covalent networks. Typically, their network topology is statistically nonchangeable, and their material properties are therefore nonprogrammable. By introducing topological heterogeneity, we demonstrate a concept of topology isomerizable network (TIN) that can be programmed into many topological states. Using a photo-latent catalyst that controls the isomerization reaction, spatiotemporal manipulation of the topology is realized. The overall result is that the network polymer can be programmed into numerous polymers with distinctive and spatially definable (thermo-) mechanical properties. Among many opportunities for practical applications, the unique attributes of TIN can be explored for use as shape-shifting structures, adaptive robotic arms, and fracture-resistant stretchable devices, showing a high degree of design versatility. The TIN concept enriches the design of polymers, with potential expansion into other materials with variations in dynamic covalent chemistries, isomerizable topologies, and programmable macroscopic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weike Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Binjie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Huijie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yingwu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
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21
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Takata T. Switchable Polymer Materials Controlled by Rotaxane Macromolecular Switches. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:129-143. [PMID: 32123731 PMCID: PMC7047276 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and dynamic nature of macromolecular systems controlled by rotaxane macromolecular switches are introduced to discuss the significance of rotaxane linking of polymer chains and its topological switching. Macromolecular switches have been synthesized from macromolecular [2]rotaxanes (M2Rs) using sec-ammonium salt/crown ether couples. The successful synthesis of M2Rs possessing a single polymer axle and one crown ether wheel, constituting a key component of the macromolecular switch, has allowed us to develop various unique applications such as the development of topology-transformable polymers. Polymer topological transformations (e.g., linear-star and linear-cyclic) are achieved using rotaxane-linked polymers and rotaxane macromolecular switches. The pronounced dynamic nature of these polymer systems is sufficiently interesting to design sophisticated stimuli-responsive molecules, polymers, and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Takata
- School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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22
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Nakamura T, Mori Y, Naito M, Okuma Y, Miyagawa S, Takaya H, Kawasaki T, Tokunaga Y. Rotaxanes comprising cyclic phenylenedioxydiacetamides and secondary mono- and bis-dialkylammonium ions: effect of macrocyclic ring size on pseudorotaxane formation. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01359h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
[2]Rotaxanes, stabilized through multiple and cooperative hydrogen bonding system, were synthesized from dialkylammonium ions and macrocycle possessing two phenylenedioxydiacetamide units and appropriate spacers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Nakamura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Yuka Mori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Masaya Naito
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Yukari Okuma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Shinobu Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Hikaru Takaya
- International Research Center for Elements Science
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Uji 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601
- Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
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23
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Dattler D, Fuks G, Heiser J, Moulin E, Perrot A, Yao X, Giuseppone N. Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors. Chem Rev 2019; 120:310-433. [PMID: 31869214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Joakim Heiser
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Xuyang Yao
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
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24
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Praban S, Yimthachote S, Kiriratnikom J, Chotchatchawankul S, Tantirungrotechai J, Phomphrai K. Synthesis and characterizations of bis(phenoxy)‐amine tin(II) complexes for ring‐opening polymerization of lactide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Praban
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMahidol University Rama 6 Road Bangkok 10400 Thailand
| | - Supajittra Yimthachote
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Jiraya Kiriratnikom
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMahidol University Rama 6 Road Bangkok 10400 Thailand
| | - Sucheewin Chotchatchawankul
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Jonggol Tantirungrotechai
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMahidol University Rama 6 Road Bangkok 10400 Thailand
| | - Khamphee Phomphrai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
- Research Network of NANOTEC‐VISTEC on Nanotechnology for Energy, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
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25
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Ree BJ, Aoki D, Kim J, Satoh T, Takata T, Ree M. Phase Transition Behaviors and Nanoscale Film Morphologies of Poly(δ-valerolactone) Axles Bearing Movable and Fixed Rotaxane Wheels. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900334. [PMID: 31490609 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, poly(δ-valerolactone) (PVL) axles bearing movable and fixed dibenzo-24-crown-8-ether wheels (rot-M and rot-F) are investigated for the first time in the terms of phase transition and nanoscale film morphology: PVL-rot-M and PVL-rot-F. Interestingly, the PVL axles reveal a strong tendency to form a horizontal lamellar structure with three different rotational crystal lattice domains in nanoscale films. The morphological structural parameters are discernibly varied by the movable and fixed rotaxane wheels. In particular, the rot-M wheel tends to be populated in both the interfacial and amorphous layers. The rot-M wheel is found to significantly influence the phase transition characteristics of the PVL axle because of its movability along the polymer backbone chain. In contrast, the rot-F wheel tends to be more localized in the interfacial layer rather than in the amorphous layer because of its immovability constrained at the polymer chain end. The rot-F wheel causes severe thermal instability in the PVL axle, which can be attributed mainly to the presence of its counter anion (PF6 - ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Ree
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 (H-126), Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Jehan Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 (H-126), Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Moonhor Ree
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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26
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Da X, Zhang W. Active Template Synthesis of Protein Heterocatenanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11097-11104. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Di Da
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of EducationCenter for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Bin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of EducationCenter for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Di Da
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of EducationCenter for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Bin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of EducationCenter for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
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28
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Ree BJ, Aoki D, Kim J, Satoh T, Takata T, Ree M. Macromolecular [2]Rotaxanes Linked with Polystyrene: Properties and Nanoscale Film Morphologies. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 (H-126), Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | | | | | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 (H-126), Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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29
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Gibson HW, Huang F, Zhao R, Shao L, Zakharov LN, Slebodnick C, Rheingold AL. An Inhospitable Cryptand: The Importance of Conformational Freedom in Host-Guest Complexation. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry W. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry; Virginia Tech; 24060 Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Feihe Huang
- Department of Chemistry; Virginia Tech; 24060 Blacksburg VA USA
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P R China
| | - Run Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P R China
| | - Li Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P R China
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; 92093-0358 San Diego, La Jolla CA USA
| | | | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; 92093-0358 San Diego, La Jolla CA USA
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30
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Yagai S, Kitamoto Y, Datta S, Adhikari B. Supramolecular Polymers Capable of Controlling Their Topology. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1325-1335. [PMID: 30788954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One important class of supramolecular materials is one-dimensionally elongated supramolecular polymers, in which monomers are associated by reversible intermolecular interactions, yielding a fibrous morphology. Unlike frequently reported conventional supramolecular polymers based on, for instance, host-guest interactions, those composed of one-dimensionally stacked π-conjugated molecules can be encoded with high degrees of internal order by cooperative association of the rigid aromatic monomers, endowing such supramolecular polymers with extraordinary properties and functionality. However, their internal order has not yet been exploited to manipulate the complex landscape of well-defined states of the supramolecular polymer backbone, which may induce new functionalities beyond the intrinsic properties of the backbones. This Account will focus on the inceptive phase of our research on supramolecular polymers with high degrees of internal order able to impart intrinsic curvature to their backbones. Initially, we developed a naphthalene molecule functionalized with barbituric acid, which forms uniform toroidal short fibers with diameters of approximately 16 nm via the formation of hydrogen-bonded cyclic hexamers (rosettes). As we thought the uniformity of the toroid size to arise from the intrinsic curvature generated upon stacking of the rosettes, we exploited this intrinsic curvature to design continuously curved extended supramolecular polymers by extension of such molecular π-systems. The intrinsic curvature produced by the monomers with more expanded π-systems indeed gave us access to higher-order structures (topologies) ranging from randomly folded to helically folded coils in extended supramolecular polymers. We will discuss the kinetic aspects of the generation of intrinsic curvature for topology control, including the formation of toroidal structures resulting from ring-closing processes. For extended supramolecular polymers with well-defined topologies, we will discuss manipulation of a complex landscape of well-defined states by external stimuli. The incorporation of a photoresponsive azobenzene chromophore in the original naphthalene molecular scaffold allowed us to reversibly destroy or recover the curvature of the main chain through trans- cis photoisomerization. By means of this photocontrollable curvature, we have demonstrated light-induced unfolding of helically folded structures into entirely stretched structures. Furthermore, a direct extension of the π-conjugated core provided us with access to unprecedented supramolecular polymers with emergent time-dependent topology transitions. Molecules with a naphthalene core conjugated with two phenylene units kinetically afforded supramolecular polymers that consist of helically folded and misfolded domains. Upon aging the supramolecular polymer solution, we observed spontaneous folding of the misfolded domains in a time scale of days, eventually obtaining a supramolecular polymer topology analogous to the tertiary structure of proteins. These supramolecular polymers with unrivaled and active topologies provide new prospects for supramolecular polymers as one-dimensional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitamoto
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Sougata Datta
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Bimalendu Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273009, India
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31
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Takata T. Stimuli-Responsive Molecular and Macromolecular Systems Controlled by Rotaxane Molecular Switches. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (RIPST), Tokyo Institute of Technology, and JST-CREST, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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32
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Okuma Y, Tsukamoto T, Inagaki T, Miyagawa S, Kimura M, Naito M, Takaya H, Kawasaki T, Tokunaga Y. Rotational isomerism of the amide units in rotaxanes based on a cyclic tetraamide and secondary ammonium ions. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of [2]rotaxanes consisting of a macrocyclic tetraamide and mono- and bis-ammonium ions and their conformational isomerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Okuma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Takayuki Inagaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Shinobu Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Masaki Kimura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Masaya Naito
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Hikaru Takaya
- International Research Center for Elements Science
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Uji 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601
- Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
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33
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Zheng W, Wang W, Jiang ST, Yang G, Li Z, Wang XQ, Yin GQ, Zhang Y, Tan H, Li X, Ding H, Chen G, Yang HB. Supramolecular Transformation of Metallacycle-linked Star Polymers Driven by Simple Phosphine Ligand-Exchange Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:583-591. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Ting Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Qiang Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Hongming Ding
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P. R. China
| | - Guosong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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34
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Wang XW, Zhang WB. Chemical Topology and Complexity of Protein Architectures. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:806-817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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