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Mary L, Fradin M, Pasquier L, Quelin C, Loget P, Le Lous M, Le Bouar G, Nivot-Adamiak S, Lokchine A, Dubourg C, Jauffret V, Nouyou B, Henry C, Launay E, Odent S, Jaillard S, Belaud-Rotureau MA. Role of chromosomal imbalances in the pathogenesis of DSD: A retrospective analysis of 115 prenatal samples. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104748. [PMID: 36948288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Differences of sex development (DSDs) are a group of congenital conditions characterized by a discrepancy between chromosomal, gonadal, and genital sex development of an individual, with significant impact on medical, psychological and reproductive life. The genetic heterogeneity of DSDs complicates the diagnosis and almost half of the patients remains undiagnosed. In this context, chromosomal imbalances in syndromic DSD patients may help to identify new genes implicated in DSDs. In this study, we aimed at describing the burden of chromosomal imbalances including submicroscopic ones (copy number variants or CNVs) in a cohort of prenatal syndromic DSD patients, and review their role in DSDs. Our patients carried at least one pathogenic or likely pathogenic chromosomal imbalance/CNV or low-level mosaicism for aneuploidy. Almost half of the cases resulted from an unbalanced chromosomal rearrangement. Chromosome 9p/q, 4p/q, 3q and 11q anomalies were more frequently observed. Review of the literature confirmed the causative role of CNVs in DSDs, either in disruption of known DSD-causing genes (SOX9, NR0B1, NR5A1, AR, ATRX, …) or as a tool to suspect new genes in DSDs (HOXD cluster, ADCY2, EMX2, CAMK1D, …). Recurrent CNVs of regulatory elements without coding sequence content (i.e. duplications/deletions upstream of SOX3 or SOX9) confirm detection of CNVs as a mean to explore our non-coding genome. Thus, CNV detection remains a powerful tool to explore undiagnosed DSDs, either through routine techniques or through emerging technologies such as long-read whole genome sequencing or optical genome mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mary
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset, UMR_S, 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - M Fradin
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Anomalies Du Développement, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - L Pasquier
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Anomalies Du Développement, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement), CNRS UMR 6290, INSERM ERL 1305, Rennes, France
| | - C Quelin
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Anomalies Du Développement, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - P Loget
- Service D'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - M Le Lous
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - G Le Bouar
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - S Nivot-Adamiak
- Service D'endocrinologie Pédiatrique, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - A Lokchine
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - C Dubourg
- Université de Rennes, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement), CNRS UMR 6290, INSERM ERL 1305, Rennes, France; Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, 35033, France
| | - V Jauffret
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - B Nouyou
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - C Henry
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - E Launay
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France
| | - S Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Anomalies Du Développement, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement), CNRS UMR 6290, INSERM ERL 1305, Rennes, France
| | - S Jaillard
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset, UMR_S, 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - M A Belaud-Rotureau
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset, UMR_S, 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
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Zhan P, Hao T, Yang X, Zhang Y. Association between chromosome 22q11.2 translocation and male oligozoospermia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30790. [PMID: 36181097 PMCID: PMC9524881 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood are a major cause of reproductive disorders for the infertile couples. Reciprocal translocation is closely related to male infertility. The breakpoint of translocation may disrupt or dysregulate important genes related to spermatogenesis. The relationship between some breakpoints of chromosome and male infertility has been paid attention. Chromosome 22q11.2 translocation has not been reported with male infertility. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between chromosome 22q11.2 translocation and male infertility. All patients were collected from the second hospital of Jilin University. Semen parameters were detected using the computer-aided semen analysis system. Cytogenetic analysis was performed using standard operating procedure. Related genes on chromosomal breakpoints were searched using online mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM). The association between this breakpoint and spermatogenesis is also discussed. We report 6 cases of translocation in chromosome 22. Of 7 breakpoints involved in these translocations, the common feature is that they all included chromosome 22q11.2 translocation and presented with oligozoospermia. The analysis of breakpoint related genes showed testis-specific serine/threonine kinase 2 (TSSK2) gene is associated with human spermatogenesis impairment. Overall, these results suggest that the breakpoint involved in translocation deserves attention from physicians in genetic counseling. The breakpoint rearrangement has the possibility of disrupting spermatogenesis. The relationship between 22q11.2 breakpoint and male infertility deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhan
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Hao
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Yang, Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, China (e-mail: )
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Moiseeva AV, Kudryavtseva VA, Nikolenko VN, Gevorgyan MM, Unanyan AL, Bakhmet AA, Sinelnikov MY. Genetic determination of the ovarian reserve: a literature review. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:102. [PMID: 34362406 PMCID: PMC8349022 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ovarian reserve is one of the most important indicators of female fertility. It allows for the evaluation of the number of viable oocytes. This parameter is actively used in pregnancy planning and in assisted reproductive technology application, as it determines chances of successful fertilization and healthy pregnancy. Due to increased attention towards diagnostic tests evaluating the ovarian reserve, there has been a growing interest in factors that influence the state of the ovarian reserve. True reasons for pathological changes in the ovarian reserve and volume have not yet been explored in depth, and current diagnostic screening methods often fall short in efficacy. In the following review we analyze existing data relating to the study of the ovarian reserve through genetic testing, determining specific characteristics of the ovarian reserve through genetic profiling. We explore existing studies dedicated to finding specific genetic targets influencing the state of the ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- Sechenov University, Mohovaya 11c10, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Ara L Unanyan
- Sechenov University, Mohovaya 11c10, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Mikhail Y Sinelnikov
- Sechenov University, Mohovaya 11c10, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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