1
|
Savarese M, Jokela M, Udd B. Distal myopathy. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 195:497-519. [PMID: 37562883 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98818-6.00002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are a group of genetic, primary muscle diseases. Patients develop progressive weakness and atrophy of the muscles of forearm, hands, lower leg, or feet. Currently, over 20 different forms, presenting a variable age of onset, clinical presentation, disease progression, muscle involvement, and histological findings, are known. Some of them are dominant and some recessive. Different variants in the same gene are often associated with either dominant or recessive forms, although there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the genotype-phenotype correlations. This chapter provides a description of the clinicopathologic and genetic aspects of distal myopathies emphasizing known etiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manu Jokela
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yoshioka W, Iida A, Sonehara K, Yamamoto K, Oya Y, Mori-Yoshimura M, Kurashige T, Okubo M, Ogawa M, Matsuda F, Higasa K, Hayashi S, Nakamura H, Sekijima M, Okada Y, Noguchi S, Nishino I. Multidimensional analyses of the pathomechanism caused by the non-catalytic GNE variant, c.620A>T, in patients with GNE myopathy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21806. [PMID: 36526893 PMCID: PMC9758176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
GNE myopathy is a distal myopathy caused by biallelic variants in GNE, which encodes a protein involved in sialic acid biosynthesis. Compound heterozygosity of the second most frequent variant among Japanese GNE myopathy patients, GNE c.620A>T encoding p.D207V, occurs in the expected number of patients; however, homozygotes for this variant are rare; three patients identified while 238 homozygotes are estimated to exist in Japan. The aim of this study was to elucidate the pathomechanism caused by c.620A>T. Identity-by-descent mapping indicated two distinct c.620A>T haplotypes, which were not correlated with age onset or development of myopathy. Patients homozygous for c.620A>T had mildly decreased sialylation, and no additional pathogenic variants in GNE or abnormalities in transcript structure or expression of other genes related to sialic acid biosynthesis in skeletal muscle. Structural modeling of full-length GNE dimers revealed that the variant amino acid localized close to the monomer interface, but far from catalytic sites, suggesting functions in enzymatic product transfer between the epimerase and kinase domains on GNE oligomerization. In conclusion, homozygotes for c.620A>T rarely develop myopathy, while symptoms occur in compound heterozygotes, probably because of mildly decreased sialylation, due to partial defects in oligomerization and product trafficking by the mutated GNE protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Yoshioka
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502 Japan ,grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Aritoshi Iida
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Kyuto Sonehara
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamamoto
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Oya
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, NCNP, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Madoka Mori-Yoshimura
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, NCNP, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Takashi Kurashige
- grid.440118.80000 0004 0569 3483Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan
| | - Mariko Okubo
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502 Japan ,grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Megumu Ogawa
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502 Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Higasa
- grid.410783.90000 0001 2172 5041Department of Genome Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Hayashi
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502 Japan
| | - Harumasa Nakamura
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Clinical Research Support, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center Hospital, NCNP, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Masakazu Sekijima
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502 Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502 Japan ,grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Medical Genome Center, NCNP, Kodaira, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Genetic and Clinical Spectrum of GNE Myopathy in Russia. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13111991. [PMID: 36360228 PMCID: PMC9690815 DOI: 10.3390/genes13111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
GNE myopathy (GNEM) is a rare hereditary disease, but at the same time, it is the most common distal myopathy in several countries due to a founder effect of some pathogenic variants in the GNE gene. We collected the largest cohort of patients with GNEM from Russia and analyzed their mutational spectrum and clinical data. In our cohort, 10 novel variants were found, including 2 frameshift variants and 2 large deletions. One novel missense variant c.169_170delGCinsTT (p.(Ala57Phe)) was detected in 4 families in a homozygous state and in 3 unrelated patients in a compound heterozygous state. It was the second most frequent variant in our cohort. All families with this novel frequent variant were non-consanguineous and originated from the 3 neighboring areas in the European part of Russia. The clinical picture of the patients carrying this novel variant was typical, but the severity of clinical manifestation differed significantly. In our study, we reported two atypical cases expanding the phenotypic spectrum of GNEM. One female patient had severe quadriceps atrophy, hand joint contractures, keloid scars, and non-classical pattern on leg muscle magnetic resonance imaging, which was more similar to atypical collagenopathy rather than GNEM. Another patient initially had been observed with spinal muscular atrophy due to asymmetric atrophy of hand muscles and results of electromyography. The peculiar pattern of muscle involvement on magnetic resonance imaging consisted of pronounced changes in the posterior thigh muscle group with relatively spared muscles of the lower legs, apart from the soleus muscles. Different variants in the GNE gene were found in both atypical cases. Thus, our data expand the mutational and clinical spectrum of GNEM.
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo X, Zhao Z, Shen H, Bing Q, Li N, Chen J, Hu J. Gene analysis and clinical features of 22 GNE myopathy patients. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:5049-5056. [PMID: 35438352 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION GNE myopathy is an autosomal recessive distal myopathy caused by a biallelic mutation in UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epomerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase. In this study, we discuss the clinical features, pathological characteristics, genetic profiles, and atypical clinical manifestations of 22 Chinese GNE patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis was performed for GNE myopathy patients at our institute between 2005 and 2021. Histopathological analysis and gene testing were done according to standard protocols. RESULTS Molecular analysis revealed 14-reported and 7 novel mutations, including c.125G > A (p.P42Q), c.226G > A (p.V76I), c.970C > G (p.H324D), c.155A > G (p.D52G), c.1055G > A (p.R352H), c.1064G > A (p.G355E), and c.491 T > C (p.I164T) in GNE. D207V was the most frequent mutation showing an allele frequency of 25%. A total of 21 patients presented classic clinical manifestation, and only 1 patient had signs of proximal muscle weakness. A patient containing p.V603L and p.R160X mutations showed idiopathic thrombocytopenia and distal weakness. There were 4 female patients who experienced rapid deterioration after pregnancy. DISCUSSION Our study revealed 7 novel mutations in GNE, where p.D207V was shown as a potential hotspot mutation in Chinese patients. Idiopathic thrombocytopenia should be a concern in GNE myopathy patients. Twenty-seven percent of female patients experienced rapid deterioration during pregnancy or after delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Guo
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongrui Shen
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Bing
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lv XQ, Xu L, Lin PF, Yan CZ. Clinical, genetic, and pathological characterization of GNE myopathy in China. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:4483-4491. [PMID: 35138478 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-05938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GNE myopathy is the most common distal myopathy in China. We summarized the clinical, genetic, and pathological characteristics of 125 Chinese patients with GNE myopathy. METHODS We collected clinical data of 21 patients diagnosed at our hospital and 104 patients from previous reports. Clinical, genetic, and pathological characteristics were summarized. According to the location of mutations, patients were classified into groups to analyze genotype-phenotype correlation. We reviewed the pathological features and studied the expressions of neural cell adhesion molecule. RESULTS The severity of involvement of lower limb muscles was in the following order: tibialis anterior > biceps femoris > gastrocnemius > iliopsoas > quadriceps femoris. Mutation p.D207V was the most common variant in China. Patients carrying p.D207V tended to show later disease onset. In the epimerase/epimerase group, men had earlier disease onset than women (p < 0.05). In other groups, age at disease onset in females was earlier than that in males. Protein analysis showed decreased sialylation of NCAM and upregulation of LC3 in patients with different mutations. CONCLUSIONS Mutation p.D207V is the most common GNE variant in China. Involvement of flexor muscles in lower limbs was more obvious than extensor muscles. NCAM expression in patients with various mutations may be a useful diagnostic biomarker in GNE myopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Lv
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Peng-Fei Lin
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Chuan-Zhu Yan
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Sun A, Zheng D, Fan D, Liu X. Different electrophysiology patterns in GNE myopathy. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:206. [PMID: 35590323 PMCID: PMC9118620 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GNE myopathy is a rare distal myopathy caused by mutations of the GNE gene. A few cases of GNE myopathy accompanied by neurogenic features of electrophysiology mimicking hereditary motor neuropathy were reported recently. We confirmed this feature and described the clinical phenotype and mutations of GNE myopathy in these rare cases. Results The absence of lower limb tendon reflexes, decreased compound muscle action potentials in lower leg motor nerves, and neurogenic pattern of electromyography suggested neuropathy in four patients. However, muscle pathology revealed a predominantly myogenic pattern. The follow-up electroneurography results implied that the compound motor action potential amplitudes deteriorated over time. Next-generation sequencing identified three novel variants of the GNE gene, c.2054T > C (p.Val685Ala), c.424G > A (p.Gly142Arg) and c.944T > C (p.Phe315Ser), as well as two hotspot mutations, c.115C > T(p.Arg39*) and c.620A > T(p.Asp207Val), in these patients. These novel mutations cosegregated with disease in the family. Conclusions These rare cases supported the existence of neurogenic features of electrophysiology different from the typical myopathic pattern of GNE myopathy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-022-02355-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yingshuang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Aping Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Danfeng Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang KY, Duan HQ, Li QX, Luo YB, Bi FF, Huang K, Yang H. Expanding the clinicopathological-genetic spectrum of GNE myopathy by a Chinese neuromuscular centre. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10494-10503. [PMID: 34676965 PMCID: PMC8581342 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GNE myopathy is a heterogeneous group of ultrarare neuromuscular disorders caused by mutations in the GNE gene. An estimated prevalence of 1~21/1,000,000 leads to a deficiency of data and a lack of availability of samples to conduct clinical research on this neuromuscular disorder. Although GNE, which is the mutated gene responsible for the disease, is well known as the key enzyme in the biosynthesis pathway of sialic acid, the clinicopathological-genetic spectrum of GNE mutant patients is still unclear and expanding. This study presents ten unrelated patients with GNE myopathy, discovering five novel missense mutations. Clinical, electrophysiological, imaging, pathological and genetic data are presented in a retrospective manner. Interestingly, several patients in the cohort were found to have peripheral neuropathy and inflammatory cell infiltration in muscle biopsies, which have seldom been reported. This study, conducted by a neuromuscular centre in China, is the first attempt to highlight these abnormal clinicopathological features and associate them with genetic mutations in GNE myopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinic Medicine of 8-year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui-Qian Duan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Xiang Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue-Bei Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang-Fang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine and Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xi J, Wang X, Yue D, Dou T, Wu Q, Lu J, Liu Y, Yu W, Qiao K, Lin J, Luo S, Li J, Du A, Dong J, Chen Y, Luo L, Yang J, Niu Z, Liang Z, Zhao C, Lu J, Zhu W, Zhou Y. 5' UTR CGG repeat expansion in GIPC1 is associated with oculopharyngodistal myopathy. Brain 2021; 144:601-614. [PMID: 33374016 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oculopharyngodistal myopathy is a late-onset degenerative muscle disorder characterized by ptosis and weakness of the facial, pharyngeal, and distal limb muscles. A recent report suggested a non-coding trinucleotide repeat expansion in LRP12 to be associated with the disease. Here we report a genetic study in a Chinese cohort of 41 patients with the clinical diagnosis of oculopharyngodistal myopathy (21 cases from seven families and 20 sporadic cases). In a large family with 12 affected individuals, combined haplotype and linkage analysis revealed a maximum two-point logarithm of the odds (LOD) score of 3.3 in chromosomal region chr19p13.11-p13.2 and narrowed the candidate region to an interval of 4.5 Mb. Using a comprehensive strategy combining whole-exome sequencing, long-read sequencing, repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction and GC-rich polymerase chain reaction, we identified an abnormal CGG repeat expansion in the 5' UTR of the GIPC1 gene that co-segregated with disease. Overall, the repeat expansion in GIPC1 was identified in 51.9% independent pedigrees (4/7 families and 10/20 sporadic cases), while the repeat expansion in LRP12 was only identified in one sporadic case (3.7%) in our cohort. The number of CGG repeats was <30 in controls but >60 in affected individuals. There was a slight correlation between repeat size and the age at onset. Both repeat expansion and retraction were observed during transmission but somatic instability was not evident. These results further support that non-coding CGG repeat expansion plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of oculopharyngodistal myopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Xi
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xilu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Dongyue Yue
- Department of Neurology, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Tonghai Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qunfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yiqi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Kai Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Sushan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ailian Du
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jihong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430021, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430021, China
| | - Zhenmin Niu
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zonghui Liang
- Department of Radiology, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jiahong Lu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Savarese M, Sarparanta J, Vihola A, Jonson PH, Johari M, Rusanen S, Hackman P, Udd B. Panorama of the distal myopathies. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2020; 39:245-265. [PMID: 33458580 PMCID: PMC7783427 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are genetic primary muscle disorders with a prominent weakness at onset in hands and/or feet. The age of onset (from early childhood to adulthood), the distribution of muscle weakness (upper versus lower limbs) and the histological findings (ranging from nonspecific myopathic changes to myofibrillar disarrays and rimmed vacuoles) are extremely variable. However, despite being characterized by a wide clinical and genetic heterogeneity, the distal myopathies are a category of muscular dystrophies: genetic diseases with progressive loss of muscle fibers. Myopathic congenital arthrogryposis is also a form of distal myopathy usually caused by focal amyoplasia. Massive parallel sequencing has further expanded the long list of genes associated with a distal myopathy, and contributed identifying as distal myopathy-causative rare variants in genes more often related with other skeletal or cardiac muscle diseases. Currently, almost 20 genes (ACTN2, CAV3, CRYAB, DNAJB6, DNM2, FLNC, HNRNPA1, HSPB8, KHLH9, LDB3, MATR3, MB, MYOT, PLIN4, TIA1, VCP, NOTCH2NLC, LRP12, GIPS1) have been associated with an autosomal dominant form of distal myopathy. Pathogenic changes in four genes (ADSSL, ANO5, DYSF, GNE) cause an autosomal recessive form; and disease-causing variants in five genes (DES, MYH7, NEB, RYR1 and TTN) result either in a dominant or in a recessive distal myopathy. Finally, a digenic mechanism, underlying a Welander-like form of distal myopathy, has been recently elucidated. Rare pathogenic mutations in SQSTM1, previously identified with a bone disease (Paget disease), unexpectedly cause a distal myopathy when combined with a common polymorphism in TIA1. The present review aims at describing the genetic basis of distal myopathy and at summarizing the clinical features of the different forms described so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Sarparanta
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Vihola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Genetics, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Per Harald Jonson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mridul Johari
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salla Rusanen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li X, Li Y, Lei M, Tian J, Yang Z, Kuang S, Tan Y, Bo T. Congenital thrombocytopenia associated with GNE mutations in twin sisters: a case report and literature review. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:224. [PMID: 33198675 PMCID: PMC7670786 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Neonatal thrombocytopenia is common in preterm and term neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units. The etiology behind neonatal thrombocytopenia is complex. Inherited thrombocytopenia is rare and usually results from genetic mutations. Case presentation Here we report a case of twins with severe inherited thrombocytopenia presented in the neonatal period who were shown to be compound heterozygotes for 2 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (GNE) gene mutations, c.1351C > T and c.1330G > T, of which c.1330G > T is a novel mutation. Conclusion These two GNE mutations may help in the diagnosis and management of thrombocytopenia diagnosed in neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China.,Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Min Lei
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zuocheng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shoujin Kuang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yanjuan Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Tao Bo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road NO.138, Changsha, 410013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chakravorty S, Nallamilli BRR, Khadilkar SV, Singla MB, Bhutada A, Dastur R, Gaitonde PS, Rufibach LE, Gloster L, Hegde M. Clinical and Genomic Evaluation of 207 Genetic Myopathies in the Indian Subcontinent. Front Neurol 2020; 11:559327. [PMID: 33250842 PMCID: PMC7674836 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.559327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Inherited myopathies comprise more than 200 different individually rare disease-subtypes, but when combined together they have a high prevalence of 1 in 6,000 individuals across the world. Our goal was to determine for the first time the clinical- and gene-variant spectrum of genetic myopathies in a substantial cohort study of the Indian subcontinent. Methods: In this cohort study, we performed the first large clinical exome sequencing (ES) study with phenotype correlation on 207 clinically well-characterized inherited myopathy-suspected patients from the Indian subcontinent with diverse ethnicities. Results: Clinical-correlation driven definitive molecular diagnosis was established in 49% (101 cases; 95% CI, 42–56%) of patients with the major contributing pathogenicity in either of three genes, GNE (28%; GNE-myopathy), DYSF (25%; Dysferlinopathy), and CAPN3 (19%; Calpainopathy). We identified 65 variant alleles comprising 37 unique variants in these three major genes. Seventy-eight percent of the DYSF patients were homozygous for the detected pathogenic variant, suggesting the need for carrier-testing for autosomal-recessive disorders like Dysferlinopathy that are common in India. We describe the observed clinical spectrum of myopathies including uncommon and rare subtypes in India: Sarcoglycanopathies (SGCA/B/D/G), Collagenopathy (COL6A1/2/3), Anoctaminopathy (ANO5), telethoninopathy (TCAP), Pompe-disease (GAA), Myoadenylate-deaminase-deficiency-myopathy (AMPD1), myotilinopathy (MYOT), laminopathy (LMNA), HSP40-proteinopathy (DNAJB6), Emery-Dreifuss-muscular-dystrophy (EMD), Filaminopathy (FLNC), TRIM32-proteinopathy (TRIM32), POMT1-proteinopathy (POMT1), and Merosin-deficiency-congenital-muscular-dystrophy-type-1 (LAMA2). Thirteen patients harbored pathogenic variants in >1 gene and had unusual clinical features suggesting a possible role of synergistic-heterozygosity/digenic-contribution to disease presentation and progression. Conclusions: Application of clinically correlated ES to myopathy diagnosis has improved our understanding of the clinical and genetic spectrum of different subtypes and their overlaps in Indian patients. This, in turn, will enhance the global gene-variant-disease databases by including data from developing countries/continents for more efficient clinically driven molecular diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samya Chakravorty
- Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Emory University Department of Human Genetics, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Division of Neurosciences, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States.,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Satish Vasant Khadilkar
- Department of Neurology, Bombay Hospital, Mumbai, India.,Department of Neurology, Sir J J Group of Hospitals, Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India.,Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Madhu Bala Singla
- Department of Neurology, Bombay Hospital, Mumbai, India.,Department of Neurology, Sir J J Group of Hospitals, Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India.,Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Rashna Dastur
- Centre for Advanced Molecular Diagnostics in Neuromuscular Disorders (CAMDND), Mumbai, India
| | - Pradnya Satish Gaitonde
- Centre for Advanced Molecular Diagnostics in Neuromuscular Disorders (CAMDND), Mumbai, India
| | | | - Logan Gloster
- Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, United States.,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Madhuri Hegde
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States.,PerkinElmer Genomics, Global Laboratory Services, Waltham, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Distal myopathy due to TCAP variants in four unrelated Chinese patients. Neurogenetics 2020; 22:1-10. [PMID: 32761539 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-020-00623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Distal myopathies are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous hereditary muscle disorders characterized by progressive muscular weakness starting in the distal parts of the limbs. The most common subtype of distal myopathy is GNE myopathy, a rare muscle disease with autosomal recessive inheritance. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2G (LGMD2G) is a rare autosomal recessive subtype of LGMDs caused by TCAP variant. Patients with LGMD2G can present with distal myopathy and rimmed vacuoles on muscle pathology. Thus far, the most reported TCAP mutations related to LGMD2G were recessive frameshift or nonsense variants. Here, we described four Chinese patients from unrelated families with LGMD2G due to TCAP mutations. The clinical symptoms of our patients were similar to those previously reported in LGMD2G patients. Three different pathogenic TCAP variants were identified in these patients, including two frameshift variants and one intronic variant. Autophagolysosomes have been observed in one patient by electron microscopy. Our research expands the genetic spectrum of TCAP mutations in China, indicating c.165-166insG is likely the common pathogenic variant. We also provide evidences that autophagy may be involved in the pathophysiology of LGMD2G.
Collapse
|
13
|
Differential Expression of KCNJ12 Gene and Association Analysis of Its Missense Mutation with Growth Traits in Chinese Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9050273. [PMID: 31137608 PMCID: PMC6562504 DOI: 10.3390/ani9050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A central goal of livestock genomic study is to find causal genes underlying economic traits and identify effective variations which can be used as molecular markers for livestock breeding. The cattle KCNJ12 gene is an important candidate gene. To date, however, there have been no reports about the use of its missense mutation as a marker in cattle stature. In this study, missense mutation in KCNJ12 was firstly verified, which led to a change in its protein sequence. Further, a significant association was detected between the mutation of KCNJ12 and cattle stature, and we determined that the mutation in KCNJ12 could be used as a molecular marker in beef breeding programs. In addition, expression analysis of the KCNJ12 gene revealed high abundance in muscle and potential roles in bovine myocyte differentiation, which may be the subject of our future research. Abstract The potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 12 (KCNJ12) gene is a promising candidate for economic traits because of its crucial roles in myoblast development. Here, a missense mutation (Cys > Arg) was first detected to be located in exon 3 of KCNJ12 from three Chinese cattle breeds by DNA-pool sequencing. Then, we performed an association analysis of this single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with stature in three Chinese cattle populations (n = 820). A significantly positive correlation was revealed by a reduced animal general linear model and the CC genotype was the most favorable in three breeds. Further, we measured the expression profile of the KCNJ12 gene in various cattle tissues and primary bovine skeletal muscle cells. Ubiquitous expression with high abundance in muscle was observed. Further, in primary bovine skeletal muscle cells, the KCNJ12 mRNA expression was gradually up-regulated in differentiation medium (DM) compared with that in growth medium (GM), suggesting that the KCNJ12 gene is involved in bovine myocyte differentiation. Conclusively, the KCNJ12 gene is a functional candidate gene which can be used as a molecular marker for cattle breeding.
Collapse
|