1
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Lum SH, Minkov M, Jones SA, Hazelaar S, Sirait T, Potter JE, Stepensky P, Garban F, Pichler H, Stein J, Kaya Z, Schulz A, Mellgren K, Diaz de Heredia C, Pochon C, Riesco S, Diaz MA, Michel G, Lindemans C, Gruhn B, Albert MH, Lankester AC, Neven B, Wynn R. Outcome of haematopoietic cell transplantation in children with lysosomal acid lipase deficiency: a study on behalf of the EBMT Inborn Errors Working Party. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:594-596. [PMID: 36788366 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-01918-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Han Lum
- Children's Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle, UK.,Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Jane E Potter
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Frederic Garban
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Herbert Pichler
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jerry Stein
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Zuhre Kaya
- Unit of Pediatric Hematology and Pediatric BMT, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karin Mellgren
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg i, Sweden
| | - Cristina Diaz de Heredia
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecile Pochon
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Department, Nancy University Hospital, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Susana Riesco
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Gérard Michel
- La Timone Children's Hospital and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Lindemans
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bernd Gruhn
- Department of Pediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael H Albert
- Dr. von Hauner University Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation program, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Robert Wynn
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK.
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2
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Intracerebral lentiviral ABCD1 gene therapy in an early disease onset ALD mouse model. Gene Ther 2023; 30:18-30. [PMID: 35790794 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a genetic disorder of the ABCD1 gene. We aimed to treat ALD via direct intracerebral injection of lentiviral ABCD1 (LV.ABCD1). Lentiviral vectors (LVs) were injected into the brain of wild type mice to access toxicities and biodistribution. Confocal microscopy illustrated supraphysiological ABCD1 expression surrounding the injection sites, and LVs were also detected in the opposite site of the unilaterally injected brain. In multi-site bilateral injections (4, 6, 8, and 9 sites), LV.ABCD1 transduced most brain regions including the cerebellum. Investigation of neuronal loss, astrogliosis and microglia activation did not detect abnormality. For efficacy evaluation, a novel ALD knockout (KO) mouse model was established by deleting exons 3 to 9 of the ABCD1 gene based on CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. The KO mice showed behavioral deficit in open-field test (OFT) and reduced locomotor activities in rotarod test at 6 and 7 months of age, respectively. We treated 3-month-old KO mice with bilateral LV.ABCD1 injections into the external capsule and thalamus. ABCD1 expression was detected 15 days later, and the impaired motor ability was gradually alleviated. Our studies established an early onset ALD model and illustrated neurological improvement after LV.ABCD1 intracerebral injection without immunopathological toxicity.
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3
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Heller G, Bradbury AM, Sands MS, Bongarzone ER. Preclinical studies in Krabbe disease: A model for the investigation of novel combination therapies for lysosomal storage diseases. Mol Ther 2023; 31:7-23. [PMID: 36196048 PMCID: PMC9840155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Krabbe disease (KD) is a lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by mutations in the galc gene. There are over 50 monogenetic LSDs, which largely impede the normal development of children and often lead to premature death. At present, there are no cures for LSDs and the available treatments are generally insufficient, short acting, and not without co-morbidities or long-term side effects. The last 30 years have seen significant advances in our understanding of LSD pathology as well as treatment options. Two gene therapy-based clinical trials, NCT04693598 and NCT04771416, for KD were recently started based on those advances. This review will discuss how our knowledge of KD got to where it is today, focusing on preclinical investigations, and how what was discovered may prove beneficial for the treatment of other LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Heller
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St M/C 512, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Allison M Bradbury
- Center for Gene Therapy, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Abigail Wexner Research Institute Nationwide Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Mark S Sands
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue Box 8007, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue Box 8007, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Ernesto R Bongarzone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St M/C 512, Chicago, IL, USA.
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4
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Hong SA, Seo JH, Wi S, Jung ES, Yu J, Hwang GH, Yu JH, Baek A, Park S, Bae S, Cho SR. In vivo gene editing via homology-independent targeted integration for adrenoleukodystrophy treatment. Mol Ther 2022; 30:119-129. [PMID: 34058389 PMCID: PMC8753287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is caused by various pathogenic mutations in the X-linked ABCD1 gene, which lead to metabolically abnormal accumulations of very long-chain fatty acids in many organs. However, curative treatment of ALD has not yet been achieved. To treat ALD, we applied two different gene-editing strategies, base editing and homology-independent targeted integration (HITI), in ALD patient-derived fibroblasts. Next, we performed in vivo HITI-mediated gene editing using AAV9 vectors delivered via intravenous administration in the ALD model mice. We found that the ABCD1 mRNA level was significantly increased in HITI-treated mice, and the plasma levels of C24:0-LysoPC (lysophosphatidylcholine) and C26:0-LysoPC, sensitive diagnostic markers for ALD, were significantly reduced. These results suggest that HITI-mediated mutant gene rescue could be a promising therapeutic strategy for human ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ah Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04673, South Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Seo
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Soohyun Wi
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Eul Sik Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; JES Clinic, Incheon 21550, South Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yu
- Division of Life Science, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Gue-Ho Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04673, South Korea
| | - Ji Hea Yu
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Ahreum Baek
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, South Korea
| | - Soeon Park
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04673, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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5
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Stütz AE, Thonhofer M, Weber P, Wolfsgruber A, Wrodnigg TM. Pharmacological Chaperones for β-Galactosidase Related to G M1 -Gangliosidosis and Morquio B: Recent Advances. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2980-2989. [PMID: 34816592 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A short survey on selected β-galactosidase inhibitors as potential pharmacological chaperones for GM1 -gangliosidosis and Morquio B associated mutants of human lysosomal β-galactosidase is provided highlighting recent developments in this particular area of lysosomal storage disorders and orphan diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold E Stütz
- Glycogroup, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Thonhofer
- Glycogroup, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Patrick Weber
- Glycogroup, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Wolfsgruber
- Glycogroup, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja M Wrodnigg
- Glycogroup, Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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6
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Fischell JM, Fishman PS. A Multifaceted Approach to Optimizing AAV Delivery to the Brain for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:747726. [PMID: 34630029 PMCID: PMC8497810 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.747726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major advancements in gene therapy technologies, there are no approved gene therapies for diseases which predominantly effect the brain. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have emerged as the most effective delivery vector for gene therapy owing to their simplicity, wide spread transduction and low immunogenicity. Unfortunately, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes IV delivery of AAVs, to the brain highly inefficient. At IV doses capable of widespread expression in the brain, there is a significant risk of severe immune-mediated toxicity. Direct intracerebral injection of vectors is being attempted. However, this method is invasive, and only provides localized delivery for diseases known to afflict the brain globally. More advanced methods for AAV delivery will likely be required for safe and effective gene therapy to the brain. Each step in AAV delivery, including delivery route, BBB transduction, cellular tropism and transgene expression provide opportunities for innovative solutions to optimize delivery efficiency. Intra-arterial delivery with mannitol, focused ultrasound, optimized AAV capsid evolution with machine learning algorithms, synthetic promotors are all examples of advanced strategies which have been developed in pre-clinical models, yet none are being investigated in clinical trials. This manuscript seeks to review these technological advancements, and others, to improve AAV delivery to the brain, and to propose novel strategies to build upon this research. Ultimately, it is hoped that the optimization of AAV delivery will allow for the human translation of many gene therapies for neurodegenerative and other neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Fischell
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paul S Fishman
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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7
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Sheth J, Nair A. Treatment for Lysosomal Storage Disorders. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:5110-5118. [PMID: 33059565 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201015154932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders comprise a group of approximately 70 types of inherited diseases resulting due to lysosomal gene defects. The outcome of the defect is a deficiency in either of the three: namely, lysosomal enzymes, activator protein, or transmembrane protein, as a result of which there is an unwanted accumulation of biomolecules inside the lysosomes. The pathophysiology of these conditions is complex affecting several organ systems and nervous system involvement in a majority of cases. Several research studies have well elucidated the mechanism underlying the disease condition leading to the development in devising the treatment strategies for the same. Currently, these approaches aim to reduce the severity of symptoms or delay the disease progression but do not provide a complete cure. The main treatment methods include Enzyme replacement therapy, Bone marrow transplantation, Substrate reduction therapy, use of molecular chaperones, and Gene therapy. This review article presents an elaborate description of these strategies and discusses the ongoing studies for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- Foundation for Research in Genetics and Endocrinology, Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Aadhira Nair
- Foundation for Research in Genetics and Endocrinology, Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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8
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Rosenberg JB, Chen A, De BP, Dyke JP, Ballon DJ, Monette S, Ricart Arbona RJ, Kaminsky SM, Crystal RG, Sondhi D. Safety of Direct Intraparenchymal AAVrh.10-Mediated Central Nervous System Gene Therapy for Metachromatic Leukodystrophy. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:563-580. [PMID: 33380277 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy, a fatal pediatric neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) gene, is characterized by intracellular accumulation of sulfatides in the lysosomes of cells of the central nervous system (CNS). In previous studies, we have demonstrated efficacy of AAVrh.10hARSA, an adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype rh.10 vector coding for the human ARSA gene to the CNS of a mouse model of the disease, and that catheter-based intraparenchymal administration of AAVrh.10hARSA to the CNS of nonhuman primates (NHPs) white matter results in widespread expression of ARSA. As a formal dose-escalating safety/toxicology study, we assessed the safety of intraparenchymal delivery of AAVrh.10hARSA vector to 12 sites in the white matter of the CNS of NHPs at 2.85 × 1010 (total low dose, 2.4 × 109 genome copies [gc]/site) and 1.5 × 1012 (total high dose, 1.3 × 1011 gc/site) gc, compared to AAVrh.10Null (1.5 × 1012 gc total, 1.3 × 1011 gc/site) as a vector control, and phosphate buffered saline for a sham surgical control. No significant adverse effects were observed in animals treated with low dose AAVrh.10hARSA. However, animals treated with the high dose AAVrh.10ARSA and the high dose Null vector had highly localized CNS abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging scans at the sites of catheter infusions, and histopathology demonstrated that these sites were associated with infiltrates of T cells, B cells, microglial cells, and/or macrophages. Although these findings had no clinical consequences, these safety data contribute to understanding the dose limits for CNS white matter direct intraparenchymal administration of AAVrh.10 vectors for treatment of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Rosenberg
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alvin Chen
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bishnu P De
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan P Dyke
- Department of Radiology, Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Douglas J Ballon
- Department of Radiology, Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen M Kaminsky
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Evaluation of HIV-1 derived lentiviral vectors as transductors of Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV a fibroblasts. Gene 2021; 780:145527. [PMID: 33636292 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA) is a lysosomal storage disease produced by the deficiency of the N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) enzyme, leading to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) accumulation. Since currently available treatments remain limited and unspecific, novel therapeutic approaches are essential for the disease treatment. In an attempt to reduce treatment limitations, gene therapy rises as a more effective and specific alternative. We present in this study the delivery assessment of GALNS and sulfatase-modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) genes via HIV-1 derived lentiviral vectors into fibroblasts from MPS IVA patients. After transduction, we determined GALNS enzymatic activity, lysosomal mass change, and autophagy pathway impairment. Additionally, we computationally assessed the effect of mutations over the enzyme-substrate interaction and phenotypic effects. The results showed that the co-transduction of MPS IVA fibroblasts with GALNS and SUMF1 cDNAs led to a significant increase in GALNS enzyme activity and a reduction of lysosomal mass. We show that patient-specific differences in cellular response are directly associated with the set of mutations on each patient. Lastly, we present new evidence supporting autophagy impairment in MPS IVA due to the presence and changes in autophagy proteins in treated MPS IVA fibroblasts. Our results offer new evidence that demonstrate the potential of lentiviral vectors as a strategy to correct GALNS deficiency.
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10
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Zittersteijn HA, Gonçalves MA, Hoeben RC. A primer to gene therapy: Progress, prospects, and problems. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:54-71. [PMID: 32510617 PMCID: PMC7891367 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic therapies based on gene addition have witnessed a variety of clinical successes and the first therapeutic products have been approved for clinical use. Moreover, innovative gene editing techniques are starting to offer new opportunities in which the mutations that underlie genetic diseases can be directly corrected in afflicted somatic cells. The toolboxes underpinning these DNA modifying technologies are expanding with great pace. Concerning the ongoing efforts for their implementation, viral vector-based gene delivery systems have acquired center-stage, providing new hopes for patients with inherited and acquired disorders. Specifically, the application of genetic therapies using viral vectors for the treatment of inborn metabolic disorders is growing and clinical applications are starting to appear. While the field has matured from the technology perspective and has yielded efficacious products, it is the perception of many stakeholders that from the regulatory side further developments are urgently needed. In this review, we summarize the features of state-of-the-art viral vector systems and the corresponding gene-centered therapies they seek to deliver. Moreover, a brief summary is also given on emerging gene editing approaches built on CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases and, more recently, nickases, including base editors and prime editors. Finally, we will point at some regulatory aspects that may deserve further attention for translating these technological developments into actual advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidde A. Zittersteijn
- Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Manuel A.F.V. Gonçalves
- Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Rob C. Hoeben
- Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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11
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Conniot J, Talebian S, Simões S, Ferreira L, Conde J. Revisiting gene delivery to the brain: silencing and editing. Biomater Sci 2020; 9:1065-1087. [PMID: 33315025 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01278e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, ischemic brain diseases, and brain tumors are debilitating diseases that severely impact a person's life and could possibly lead to their demise if left untreated. Many of these diseases do not respond to small molecule therapeutics and have no effective long-term therapy. Gene therapy offers the promise of treatment or even a cure for both genetic and acquired brain diseases, mediated by either silencing or editing disease-specific genes. Indeed, in the last 5 years, significant progress has been made in the delivery of non-coding RNAs as well as gene-editing formulations to the brain. Unfortunately, the delivery is a major limiting factor for the success of gene therapies. Both viral and non-viral vectors have been used to deliver genetic information into a target cell, but they have limitations. Viral vectors provide excellent transduction efficiency but are associated with toxic effects and have limited packaging capacity; however, non-viral vectors are less toxic and show a high packaging capacity at the price of low transfection efficiency. Herein, we review the progress made in the field of brain gene therapy, particularly in the design of non-toxic and trackable non-viral vectors, capable of controlled release of genes in response to internal/external triggers, and in the delivery of formulations for gene editing. The application of these systems in the context of various brain diseases in pre-clinical and clinical tests will be discussed. Such promising approaches could potentially pave the way for clinical realization of brain gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Conniot
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
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12
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Mendell JR, Al-Zaidy SA, Rodino-Klapac LR, Goodspeed K, Gray SJ, Kay CN, Boye SL, Boye SE, George LA, Salabarria S, Corti M, Byrne BJ, Tremblay JP. Current Clinical Applications of In Vivo Gene Therapy with AAVs. Mol Ther 2020; 29:464-488. [PMID: 33309881 PMCID: PMC7854298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary diseases are caused by mutations in genes, and more than 7,000 rare diseases affect over 30 million Americans. For more than 30 years, hundreds of researchers have maintained that genetic modifications would provide effective treatments for many inherited human diseases, offering durable and possibly curative clinical benefit with a single treatment. This review is limited to gene therapy using adeno-associated virus (AAV) because the gene delivered by this vector does not integrate into the patient genome and has a low immunogenicity. There are now five treatments approved for commercialization and currently available, i.e., Luxturna, Zolgensma, the two chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapies (Yescarta and Kymriah), and Strimvelis (the gammaretrovirus approved for adenosine deaminase-severe combined immunodeficiency [ADA-SCID] in Europe). Dozens of other treatments are under clinical trials. The review article presents a broad overview of the field of therapy by in vivo gene transfer. We review gene therapy for neuromuscular disorders (spinal muscular atrophy [SMA]; Duchenne muscular dystrophy [DMD]; X-linked myotubular myopathy [XLMTM]; and diseases of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Canavan disease, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase [AADC] deficiency, and giant axonal neuropathy), ocular disorders (Leber congenital amaurosis, age-related macular degeneration [AMD], choroideremia, achromatopsia, retinitis pigmentosa, and X-linked retinoschisis), the bleeding disorder hemophilia, and lysosomal storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry R Mendell
- Center of Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Kimberly Goodspeed
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Steven J Gray
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Sanford L Boye
- Department of Pediatrics, Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shannon E Boye
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lindsey A George
- Division of Hematology and the Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie Salabarria
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Manuela Corti
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Barry J Byrne
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Luciani M, Gritti A, Meneghini V. Human iPSC-Based Models for the Development of Therapeutics Targeting Neurodegenerative Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:224. [PMID: 33062642 PMCID: PMC7530250 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of rare genetic conditions. The absence or deficiency of lysosomal proteins leads to excessive storage of undigested materials and drives secondary pathological mechanisms including autophagy, calcium homeostasis, ER stress, and mitochondrial abnormalities. A large number of LSDs display mild to severe central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Animal disease models and post-mortem tissues partially recapitulate the disease or represent the final stage of CNS pathology, respectively. In the last decades, human models based on induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been extensively applied to investigate LSD pathology in several tissues and organs, including the CNS. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) derived from patient-specific hiPSCs (hiPS-NSCs) are a promising tool to define the effects of the pathological storage on neurodevelopment, survival and function of neurons and glial cells in neurodegenerative LSDs. Additionally, the development of novel 2D co-culture systems and 3D hiPSC-based models is fostering the investigation of neuron-glia functional and dysfunctional interactions, also contributing to define the role of neurodevelopment and neuroinflammation in the onset and progression of the disease, with important implications in terms of timing and efficacy of treatments. Here, we discuss the advantages and limits of the application of hiPS-NSC-based models in the study and treatment of CNS pathology in different LSDs. Additionally, we review the state-of-the-art and the prospective applications of NSC-based therapy, highlighting the potential exploitation of hiPS-NSCs for gene and cell therapy approaches in the treatment of neurodegenerative LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Luciani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Gritti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vasco Meneghini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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14
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Leal AF, Benincore-Flórez E, Solano-Galarza D, Garzón Jaramillo RG, Echeverri-Peña OY, Suarez DA, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Espejo-Mojica AJ. GM2 Gangliosidoses: Clinical Features, Pathophysiological Aspects, and Current Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176213. [PMID: 32867370 PMCID: PMC7503724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GM2 gangliosidoses are a group of pathologies characterized by GM2 ganglioside accumulation into the lysosome due to mutations on the genes encoding for the β-hexosaminidases subunits or the GM2 activator protein. Three GM2 gangliosidoses have been described: Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease, and the AB variant. Central nervous system dysfunction is the main characteristic of GM2 gangliosidoses patients that include neurodevelopment alterations, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. Currently, there is not approved therapy for GM2 gangliosidoses, but different therapeutic strategies have been studied including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy, pharmacological chaperones, and gene therapy. The blood-brain barrier represents a challenge for the development of therapeutic agents for these disorders. In this sense, alternative routes of administration (e.g., intrathecal or intracerebroventricular) have been evaluated, as well as the design of fusion peptides that allow the protein transport from the brain capillaries to the central nervous system. In this review, we outline the current knowledge about clinical and physiopathological findings of GM2 gangliosidoses, as well as the ongoing proposals to overcome some limitations of the traditional alternatives by using novel strategies such as molecular Trojan horses or advanced tools of genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Felipe Leal
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Eliana Benincore-Flórez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Daniela Solano-Galarza
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Rafael Guillermo Garzón Jaramillo
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Olga Yaneth Echeverri-Peña
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Diego A. Suarez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Carlos Javier Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.J.A.-D.); (A.J.E.-M.); Tel.: +57-1-3208320 (ext. 4140) (C.J.A.-D.); +57-1-3208320 (ext. 4099) (A.J.E.-M.)
| | - Angela Johana Espejo-Mojica
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.F.L.); (E.B.-F); (D.S.-G.); (R.G.G.J.); (O.Y.E.-P.); (D.A.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.J.A.-D.); (A.J.E.-M.); Tel.: +57-1-3208320 (ext. 4140) (C.J.A.-D.); +57-1-3208320 (ext. 4099) (A.J.E.-M.)
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15
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Precision Medicine for Lysosomal Disorders. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081110. [PMID: 32722587 PMCID: PMC7463721 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine (PM) is an emerging approach for disease treatment and prevention that accounts for the individual variability in the genes, environment, and lifestyle of each person. Lysosomal diseases (LDs) are a group of genetic metabolic disorders that include approximately 70 monogenic conditions caused by a defect in lysosomal function. LDs may result from primary lysosomal enzyme deficiencies or impairments in membrane-associated proteins, lysosomal enzyme activators, or modifiers that affect lysosomal function. LDs are heterogeneous disorders, and the phenotype of the affected individual depends on the type of substrate and where it accumulates, which may be impacted by the type of genetic change and residual enzymatic activity. LDs are individually rare, with a combined incidence of approximately 1:4000 individuals. Specific therapies are already available for several LDs, and many more are in development. Early identification may enable disease course prediction and a specific intervention, which is very important for clinical outcome. Driven by advances in omics technology, PM aims to provide the most appropriate management for each patient based on the disease susceptibility or treatment response predictions for specific subgroups. In this review, we focused on the emerging diagnostic technologies that may help to optimize the management of each LD patient and the therapeutic options available, as well as in clinical developments that enable customized approaches to be selected for each subject, according to the principles of PM.
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Novel biomarkers for lysosomal storage disorders: Metabolomic and proteomic approaches. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 509:195-209. [PMID: 32561345 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are characterized by the accumulation of specific disease substrates inside the lysosomes of various cells, eventually leading to the deterioration of cellular function and multisystem organ damage. With the continuous discovery and validation of novel and advanced therapies for most LSDs, there is an urgent need to discover more versatile and clinically relevant biomarkers. The utility of these biomarkers should ideally extend beyond the screening and diagnosis of LSDs to the evaluation of disease severity and monitoring of therapy. Metabolomic and proteomic approaches provide the means to the discovery and validation of such novel biomarkers. This is achieved mainly through the application of various mass spectrometric techniques to common and easily accessible biological samples, such as plasma, urine and dried blood spots. In this review, we tried to summarize the complexity of the lysosomal disorders phenotypes, their current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the various techniques supporting metabolomic and proteomic studies and finally we tried to explore the newly discovered biomarkers for most LSDs and their reported clinical values.
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Leal AF, Espejo-Mojica AJ, Sánchez OF, Ramírez CM, Reyes LH, Cruz JC, Alméciga-Díaz CJ. Lysosomal storage diseases: current therapies and future alternatives. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:931-946. [PMID: 32529345 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of monogenic diseases characterized by progressive accumulation of undegraded substrates into the lysosome, due to mutations in genes that encode for proteins involved in normal lysosomal function. In recent years, several approaches have been explored to find effective and successful therapies, including enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy, pharmacological chaperones, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and gene therapy. In the case of gene therapy, genome editing technologies have opened new horizons to accelerate the development of novel treatment alternatives for LSD patients. In this review, we discuss the current therapies for this group of disorders and present a detailed description of major genome editing technologies, as well as the most recent advances in the treatment of LSDs. We will further highlight the challenges and current bioethical debates of genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Felipe Leal
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 No. 43-82 Building 54, Room 305A, Bogotá D.C, 110231, Colombia
| | - Angela Johana Espejo-Mojica
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 No. 43-82 Building 54, Room 305A, Bogotá D.C, 110231, Colombia
| | - Oscar F Sánchez
- Neurobiochemistry and Systems Physiology, Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Carlos Manuel Ramírez
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Luis Humberto Reyes
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Juan C Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Carlos Javier Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 No. 43-82 Building 54, Room 305A, Bogotá D.C, 110231, Colombia.
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Favret JM, Weinstock NI, Feltri ML, Shin D. Pre-clinical Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:57. [PMID: 32351971 PMCID: PMC7174556 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are over 50 lysosomal hydrolase deficiencies, many of which cause neurodegeneration, cognitive decline and death. In recent years, a number of broad innovative therapies have been proposed and investigated for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), such as enzyme replacement, substrate reduction, pharmacologic chaperones, stem cell transplantation, and various forms of gene therapy. Murine models that accurately reflect the phenotypes observed in human LSDs are critical for the development, assessment and implementation of novel translational therapies. The goal of this review is to summarize the neurodegenerative murine LSD models available that recapitulate human disease, and the pre-clinical studies previously conducted. We also describe some limitations and difficulties in working with mouse models of neurodegenerative LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daesung Shin
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Puentes-Tellez MA, Lerma-Barbosa PA, Garzón-Jaramillo RG, Suarez DA, Espejo-Mojica AJ, Guevara JM, Echeverri OY, Solano-Galarza D, Uribe-Ardila A, Alméciga-Díaz CJ. A perspective on research, diagnosis, and management of lysosomal storage disorders in Colombia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03635. [PMID: 32258481 PMCID: PMC7113438 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of about 50 inborn errors of metabolism characterized by the lysosomal accumulation of partially or non-degraded molecules due to mutations in proteins involved in the degradation of macromolecules, transport, lysosomal biogenesis or modulators of lysosomal environment. Significant advances have been achieved in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of LSDs patients. In terms of approved therapies, these include enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), substrate reduction therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and pharmacological chaperone therapy. In this review, we summarize the Colombian experience in LSDs thorough the evidence published. We identified 113 articles published between 1995 and 2019 that included Colombian researchers or physicians, and which were mainly focused in Mucopolysaccharidoses, Pompe disease, Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, and Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff diseases. Most of these articles focused on basic research, clinical cases, and mutation reports. Noteworthy, implementation of the enzyme assay in dried blood samples, led to a 5-fold increase in the identification of LSD patients, suggesting that these disorders still remain undiagnosed in the country. We consider that the information presented in this review will contribute to the knowledge of a broad spectrum of LSDs in Colombia and will also contribute to the development of public policies and the identification of research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Alejandra Puentes-Tellez
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Paula Andrea Lerma-Barbosa
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | | | - Diego A. Suarez
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Angela J. Espejo-Mojica
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Johana M. Guevara
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Olga Yaneth Echeverri
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Daniela Solano-Galarza
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Alfredo Uribe-Ardila
- Research Center in Biochemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Carlos J. Alméciga-Díaz
- Instituto de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Ismail IT, Showalter MR, Fiehn O. Inborn Errors of Metabolism in the Era of Untargeted Metabolomics and Lipidomics. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100242. [PMID: 31640247 PMCID: PMC6835511 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of inherited diseases with variable incidences. IEMs are caused by disrupting enzyme activities in specific metabolic pathways by genetic mutations, either directly or indirectly by cofactor deficiencies, causing altered levels of compounds associated with these pathways. While IEMs may present with multiple overlapping symptoms and metabolites, early and accurate diagnosis of IEMs is critical for the long-term health of affected subjects. The prevalence of IEMs differs between countries, likely because different IEM classifications and IEM screening methods are used. Currently, newborn screening programs exclusively use targeted metabolic assays that focus on limited panels of compounds for selected IEM diseases. Such targeted approaches face the problem of false negative and false positive diagnoses that could be overcome if metabolic screening adopted analyses of a broader range of analytes. Hence, we here review the prospects of using untargeted metabolomics for IEM screening. Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics do not rely on predefined target lists and can detect as many metabolites as possible in a sample, allowing to screen for many metabolic pathways simultaneously. Examples are given for nontargeted analyses of IEMs, and prospects and limitations of different metabolomics methods are discussed. We conclude that dedicated studies are needed to compare accuracy and robustness of targeted and untargeted methods with respect to widening the scope of IEM diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa T Ismail
- National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebeen El Kom 55955, Egypt.
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Megan R Showalter
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Hunter P. Advances in stem cell-based regenerative medicine: Despite setbacks and failures, therapies to replace damaged tissue are making their way into the clinic. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201948172. [PMID: 30962206 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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