Pregnant women's opinions toward prenatal pretest genetic counseling in Japan

The growing needs of genetic counselling-Feasibility in utilization of tele-genetic counselling in Asia and Hong Kong

The need for the expansion of genomic services has been at a record time high in the past decade. As technological advancement continues to strengthen the entire genetic and genomic pipeline and clinical operational workflow, the major challenge remains to be the speed of workforce development to meet service growth. In particular, the international expansion of genetic counselling (GC) services has been a topic of interest for the past few years. GC is an emerging profession in most of Asia, and in many countries the profession of GC often refers to physicians or front-line health workers with expertise in genetics to provide GC services rather than being a specific independent profession. As genetic and genomic services, especially pre-test and post-test GC, expand globally, the need to tackle the longstanding obstacles of GC personnel shortage and funding issues must not be overlooked. There is an urgent need internationally, and especially in Asia, where GC profession is comparatively less well-established, to seek alternative approaches to meet service demand. The present review examines the global development and feasibility of tele-genetics and tele-genetic counselling (TGC), and serves as the foundation to explore a possible roadmap in Hong Kong via the Hong Kong Genome Project.

Multisite assessment of the impact of a prenatal testing educational App on patient knowledge and preparedness for prenatal testing decision making

In this study, we wanted to assess the impact of the use of a patient educational app on patient knowledge about noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and preparedness for prenatal screening decision-making. A randomized control study was carried out at three international sites between January 2019 and October 2020. Study participants completed a pre-consultation survey and post-consultation survey to assess knowledge, satisfaction, and preparedness for prenatal screening consultation. Providers completed a post-consultation survey. In the control arm, the pre-consultation survey was completed prior to consultation with their prenatal care provider. In the intervention arm, the pre-consultation survey was completed after using the app but prior to consultation with their prenatal care provider. Mean knowledge scores in the 203 participants using the app were significantly higher pre-consultation (p < 0.001) and post-consultation (p < 0.005) than those not using the app. Higher pre-consultation knowledge scores in the intervention group were observed at all sites. Most (86%) app users stated they were "Satisfied" or "Very Satisfied" with it as a tool. Providers rated the intervention group as more prepared than controls (p = 0.027); provider assessment of knowledge was not significantly different (p = 0.073). This study shows that clinical implementation of a patient educational app in a real-world setting was feasible, acceptable to pregnant people, and positively impacted patient knowledge.

Awareness of paternal age effect disorders among Japanese pregnant women: implications for prenatal genetic counseling for advanced paternal age

The increasing prevalence of advanced paternal age (APA) has mirrored the rise in maternal age. APA is associated with an increased risk of de novo pathogenic single-nucleotide variants, but this topic has been much less frequently discussed than advanced maternal age (AMA). To explore the awareness of pregnant women regarding paternal age effect (PAE) disorders, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted for pregnant women at their first prenatal visit before 17 weeks of gestation. A total of 120 valid respondents (95.2%) were included in the analyses. Of these, 63.3% of pregnant women were aware of PAE disorders. This was markedly lower than the 90.8% recognition of maternal age effect (MAE) disorders. One-third of women with awareness of MAE disorders were not aware of PAE disorders. Pregnant women who were parous, older than their male partners, with knowledge of prenatal testing prior to this pregnancy, and with experience of prenatal testing in a prior pregnancy were significantly more aware of PAE disorders than others. Awareness of PAE disorders was not associated with undergoing prenatal testing during the present pregnancy. Our results show that the prevalence of pregnant women's awareness of PAE disorders was lower than that of MAE disorders. The current study served as a preliminary baseline of information about pregnant women's awareness of PAE disorders. With the introduction of non-invasive prenatal testing, which has the potential to identify PAE disorders, these findings will help the development of a framework for comprehensive prenatal genetic counseling for APA pregnancies.