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Soğukpınar M, Utine GE, Boduroğlu K, Şimşek-Kiper PÖ. A spectrum of TP63-related disorders with eight affected individuals in five unrelated families. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 68:104911. [PMID: 38281558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
TP63-related disdorders broadly involve varying combinations of ectodermal dysplasia (sparse hair, hypohydrosis, tooth abnormalities, nail dysplasia), cleft lip/palate, acromelic malformation, split-hand/foot malformation/syndactyly, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum, lacrimal duct obstruction, hypopigmentation, and hypoplastic breasts and/or nipples. TP63-related disorders are associated with heterozygous pathogenic variants in TP63 and include seven overlapping phenotypes; Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome (AEC), Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip/palate syndrome 3 (EEC3), Limb-mammary syndrome (LMS), Acro-dermo-ungual-lacrimal-tooth syndrome (ADULT), Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome (RHS), Split-hand/foot malformation 4 (SHFM4), and Orofacial cleft 8. We report on five unrelated families with 8 affected individuals in which the probands presented with varying combinations of ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate, split-hand/foot malformation, lacrimal duct obstruction, and ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum. The clinical diagnosis involved AEC syndrome (2 patients), EEC3 syndrome (2 patients), and a yet hitherto unclassified TP63-related disorder. Sanger sequence analysis of the TP63 gene was performed revealing five different variants among which four were novel and three were de novo. The identificated TP63 variants co-segregated with the other affected individuals in the families. The abnormalities of ectoderm derived structures including hair, nails, sweat glands, and teeth should alert the physician to the possibility of TP63-related disorders particularly in the presence of orofacial clefting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Soğukpınar
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gülen Eda Utine
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Koray Boduroğlu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Abdullah, Hussain S, Ji W, Khan H, Mis EK, Mushtaq R, Chodhary M, Raza MH, Jan A, Ullah I, Khokha MK, Lakhani SA, Ahmad W. Sequence variants in DLX5, HOXD13 and 445 kb-microduplication surrounding BTRC cause split-hand/foot malformation in three different families. Clin Genet 2024; 105:109-111. [PMID: 37776184 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shabir Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Weizhen Ji
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hammal Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Emily K Mis
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rabiha Mushtaq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mirub Chodhary
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hassan Raza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Jan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science &Technology (KUST), Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Imran Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa K Khokha
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Saquib A Lakhani
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Zhang L, Fang Z, Cheng G, He M, Lin Y. A novel Hoxd13 mutation causes synpolydactyly and promotes osteoclast differentiation by regulating pSmad5/p65/c-Fos/Rank axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:145. [PMID: 36804539 PMCID: PMC9941469 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05681-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The mutations of HOXD13 gene have been involved in synpolydactyly (SPD), and the polyalanine extension mutation of Hoxd13 gene could lead to SPD in mice. In this study, a novel missense mutation of Hoxd13 (NM_000523: exon2: c.G917T: p.R306L) was identified in a Chinese family with SPD. The mice carrying the corresponding Hoxd13mutation were generated. The results showed that the homozygous mutation of Hoxd13 also caused SPD, but heterozygous mutation did not affect limbs development, which was different from that of SPD patients. With the increasing generation, the mice with homozygous Hoxd13 mutation presented more severe syndactyly. Western blotting showed that this mutation did not affect the protein expression of Hoxd13, suggesting that this mutation did not result in haploinsufficiency. Further analysis demonstrated that this homozygous Hoxd13mutation promoted osteoclast differentiation and bone loss, and enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of osteoclast-related genes Rank, c-Fos, and p65. Meanwhile, this homozygous Hoxd13 mutation elevated the level of phosphorylated Smad5 (pSmad5). Co-immunoprecipitation verified that this mutation attenuated the interaction between pSmad5 and HOXD13, suggesting that this mutation released more pSmad5. Inhibition of pSmad5 reduced the expression of Rank, c-Fos, and p65 despite in the mutation group. In addition, inhibition of pSmad5 repressed the osteoclast differentiation. ChIP assay confirmed that p65 and c-Fos could bind to the promoter of Rank. These results suggested that this novel Hoxd13 mutation promoted osteoclast differentiation by regulating Smad5/p65/c-Fos/Rank axis, which might provide a new insight into SPD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Zhang
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Ziqi Fang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Guangdong Cheng
- grid.410638.80000 0000 8910 6733Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Mengting He
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000 China
| | - Yanliang Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China. .,Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.
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Kyriazis Z, Kollia P, Grivea I, Sotiriou S, Dailiana ZH. Genetics of congenital anomalies of the hand. World J Orthop 2022; 13:949-954. [PMID: 36439370 PMCID: PMC9685634 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v13.i11.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the hand are malformations occurring during the development of the human limb, and present as isolated disorders or as a part of a syndrome. During the last years, molecular analysis techniques have offered increasing knowledge about the molecular basis of hand malformations. Disturbances in the signaling pathways during the development of the upper limb result in malformations of the upper extremity. At present, several genes have been identified as responsible for hand anomalies and other have been recognized as suspect genes related to them. Different and new high throughput methods have been introduced for the identification of the gene mutations. In the current editorial, we summarize concisely the current molecular status of isolated hand genetic disorders and the recent progress in molecular genetics, including the genes related to the disorder. This progress improves the knowledge of these disorders and has implications on genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisis Kyriazis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Panagoula Kollia
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 10679, Greece
| | - Ioanna Grivea
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Sotirios Sotiriou
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Zoe H Dailiana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
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Wang L, Qiao C, Cao L, Cai S, Ma X, Song X, Jiang Q, Huang C, Wang J. Significance of HOXD transcription factors family in progression, migration and angiogenesis of cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 179:103809. [PMID: 36108961 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors (TFs) of the HOX family play significant roles during early embryonic development and cellular processes. They also play a key role in tumorigenesis as tumor oncogenes or suppressors. Furthermore, TFs of the HOXD geFIne cluster affect proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumors. Consequently, dysregulated activity of HOXD TFs has been linked to clinicopathological characteristics of cancer. HOXD TFs are regulated by non-coding RNAs and methylation of DNA on promoter and enhancer regions. In addition, HOXD genes modulate the biological function of cancer cells via the MEK and AKT signaling pathways, thus, making HOXD TFs, a suitable molecular marker for cancer prognosis and therapy. In this review, we summarized the roles of HOXD TFs in different cancers and highlighted its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chenyang Qiao
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xinqiu Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Institute of precision medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
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Zaib T, Rashid H, Khan H, Zhou X, Sun P. Recent Advances in Syndactyly: Basis, Current Status and Future Perspectives. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:771. [PMID: 35627156 PMCID: PMC9141913 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive summary of recent knowledge in syndactyly (SD) is important for understanding the genetic etiology of SD and disease management. Thus, this review article provides background information on SD, as well as insights into phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, newly identified gene mutations in various SD types, the role of HOXD13 in limb deformities, and recently introduced modern surgical techniques for SD. This article also proposes a procedure for genetic analysis to obtain a clearer genotype-phenotype correlation for SD in the future. We briefly describe the classification of non-syndromic SD based on variable phenotypes to explain different phenotypic features and mutations in the various genes responsible for the pathogenesis of different types of SD. We describe how different types of mutation in HOXD13 cause various types of SD, and how a mutation in HOXD13 could affect its interaction with other genes, which may be one of the reasons behind the differential phenotypes and incomplete penetrance. Furthermore, we also discuss some recently introduced modern surgical techniques, such as free skin grafting, improved flap techniques, and dermal fat grafting in combination with the Z-method incision, which have been successfully practiced clinically with no post-operative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Zaib
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- (T.Z.)
- (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hibba Rashid
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Hanif Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- (T.Z.)
- (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Pingnan Sun
- Stem Cell Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- (T.Z.)
- (X.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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