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Radushev V, Karkossa I, Berg J, von Bergen M, Engelmann B, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Blüher M, Wagner U, Schubert K, Rossol M. Dysregulated cytokine and oxidative response in hyper-glycolytic monocytes in obesity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1416543. [PMID: 39050851 PMCID: PMC11266186 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1416543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is associated with a plethora of health complications, including increased susceptibility to infections or decreased vaccine efficacy, partly due to dysregulated immune responses. Monocytes play a crucial role in innate immunity, yet their functional alterations in obesity remain poorly understood. Methods Here, we employed proteomic and metabolomic analyses to investigate monocyte characteristics in individuals with overweight, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), compared to lean donors. Results and discussion Our results revealed distinct molecular signatures in monocytes from individuals with obesity, with significant alterations in pathways related to metabolism, cellular migration, and phagocytosis. Moreover, LPS-induced activation of monocytes unveiled heightened metabolic reprogramming towards glycolysis in subjects with obesity accompanied by dysregulated cytokine responses and elevated oxidative stress. Additionally, monocytes from donors with obesity exhibited increased lipid droplet accumulation. These findings shed light on the immunometabolic dysregulation underlying obesity-associated immune dysfunction, highlighting potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veselina Radushev
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Karkossa
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janina Berg
- Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulf Wagner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manuela Rossol
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
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Guan Y, Wei X, Li J, Zhu Y, Luo P, Luo M. Obesity-related glomerulopathy: recent advances in inflammatory mechanisms and related treatments. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:819-839. [PMID: 38427925 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related glomerulopathy, which is an obesity-triggered kidney damage, has become a significant threat to human health. Several studies have recently highlighted the critical role of inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy development. Additionally, excess adipose tissue and adipocytes in patients with obesity produce various inflammatory factors that cause systemic low-grade inflammation with consequent damage to vascular endothelial cells, exacerbating glomerular injury. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive review of obesity-related glomerulopathy and addressed the critical role of obesity-induced chronic inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy pathogenesis and progression, which leads to tubular damage and proteinuria, ultimately impairing renal function. The relationship between obesity and obesity-related glomerulopathy is facilitated by a network of various inflammation-associated cells (including macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells) and a series of inflammatory mediators (such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) and their inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, we discuss a recently discovered relationship between micronutrients and obesity-related glomerulopathy inflammation and the important role of micronutrients in the body's anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, assessing these inflammatory molecules and pathways will provide a strong theoretical basis for developing therapeutic strategies based on anti-inflammatory effects to prevent or delay the onset of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucan Guan
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xianping Wei
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Jicui Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Yuexin Zhu
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Manyu Luo
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
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Gutowska K, Koźniewski K, Wąsowski M, Jonas MI, Bartoszewicz Z, Lisik W, Jonas M, Binda A, Jaworski P, Tarnowski W, Noszczyk B, Puzianowska-Kuźnicka M, Czajkowski K, Kuryłowicz A. AGER-1 Long Non-Coding RNA Levels Correlate with the Expression of the Advanced Glycosylation End-Product Receptor, a Regulator of the Inflammatory Response in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Women with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17447. [PMID: 38139276 PMCID: PMC10743952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The advanced glycosylation end-product receptor (AGER) is involved in the development of metabolic inflammation and related complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Tissue expression of the AGER gene (AGER) is regulated by epigenetic mediators, including a long non-coding RNA AGER-1 (lncAGER-1). This study aimed to investigate whether human obesity and T2DM are associated with an altered expression of AGER and lncAGER-1 in adipose tissue and, if so, whether these changes affect the local inflammatory milieu. The expression of genes encoding AGER, selected adipokines, and lncAGER-1 was assessed using real-time PCR in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue. VAT and SAT samples were obtained from 62 obese (BMI > 40 kg/m2; N = 24 diabetic) and 20 normal weight (BMI = 20-24.9 kg/m2) women, while a further 15 SAT samples were obtained from patients who were 18 to 24 months post-bariatric surgery. Tissue concentrations of adipokines were measured at the protein level using an ELISA-based method. Obesity was associated with increased AGER mRNA levels in SAT compared to normal weight status (p = 0.04) and surgical weight loss led to their significant decrease compared to pre-surgery levels (p = 0.01). Stratification by diabetic status revealed that AGER mRNA levels in VAT were higher in diabetic compared to non-diabetic women (p = 0.018). Elevated AGER mRNA levels in VAT of obese diabetic patients correlated with lncAGER-1 (p = 0.04, rs = 0.487) and with interleukin 1β (p = 0.008, rs = 0.525) and resistin (p = 0.004, rs = 0.6) mRNA concentrations. In conclusion, obesity in women is associated with increased expression of AGER in SAT, while T2DM is associated with increased AGER mRNA levels and pro-inflammatory adipokines in VAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Gutowska
- II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warsaw Medical University, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (K.G.); (K.C.)
| | - Krzysztof Koźniewski
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.I.J.); (M.P.-K.)
| | - Michał Wąsowski
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 00-401 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marta Izabela Jonas
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.I.J.); (M.P.-K.)
| | - Zbigniew Bartoszewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, The Medical University of Warsaw, 02- 097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Lisik
- Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, The Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Maurycy Jonas
- Department of General Surgery, Barska Hospital, 02-315 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Artur Binda
- Department of General, Oncological and Bariatric Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 00-401 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (P.J.); (W.T.)
| | - Paweł Jaworski
- Department of General, Oncological and Bariatric Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 00-401 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (P.J.); (W.T.)
| | - Wiesław Tarnowski
- Department of General, Oncological and Bariatric Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 00-401 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (P.J.); (W.T.)
| | - Bartłomiej Noszczyk
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 00-401 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.I.J.); (M.P.-K.)
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czajkowski
- II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warsaw Medical University, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (K.G.); (K.C.)
| | - Alina Kuryłowicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.I.J.); (M.P.-K.)
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatric Cardiology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 00-401 Warsaw, Poland;
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Werner LE, Wagner U. Calcium-sensing receptor-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rheumatoid arthritis and autoinflammation. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1078569. [PMID: 36685206 PMCID: PMC9854345 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1078569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is expressed in many cell types - including immune cells and in particular circulating monocytes. Here, the receptor plays an important physiological role as a regulator of constitutive macropinocytosis. This review article provides an overview of the literature on the role of the calcium sensing receptor in the context of inflammatory processes. Special emphasis is laid upon the importance for monocytes in the context of rheumatoid arthritis. We have shown previously, that stimulation of the receptor by increased extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]ex) triggers a pro-inflammatory response due to NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and interleukin (IL)-1β release. The underlying mechanism includes macropinocytosis of calciprotein particles (CPPs), which are taken up in a [Ca2+]ex-induced, CaSR dependent manner, and leads to strong IL-1β release. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this uptake and the resulting IL-1β release is significantly increased due to increased expression of the receptor. Moreover, increased [Ca2+]ex-induced CPP uptake and IL-1β release is associated with more active disease, while CaSR overexpression has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular complications of RA. Most importantly, however, in animal experiments with arthritic mice, increased local calcium concentrations are present, which in combination with release of fetuin-A from eroded bone could contribute to formation of CPPs. We propose, that increased [Ca2+]ex, CPPs and pro-inflammatory cytokines drive a vicious cycle of inflammation and bone destruction which in turn offers new potential therapeutic approaches.
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Iamartino L, Brandi ML. The calcium-sensing receptor in inflammation: Recent updates. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1059369. [PMID: 36467702 PMCID: PMC9716066 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1059369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR) is a member of the class C of G-proteins coupled receptors (GPCRs), it plays a pivotal role in calcium homeostasis by directly controlling calcium excretion in the kidneys and indirectly by regulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) release from the parathyroid glands. The CaSR is found to be ubiquitously expressed in the body, playing a plethora of additional functions spanning from fluid secretion, insulin release, neuronal development, vessel tone to cell proliferation and apoptosis, to name but a few. The present review aims to elucidate and clarify the emerging regulatory effects that the CaSR plays in inflammation in several tissues, where it mostly promotes pro-inflammatory responses, with the exception of the large intestine, where contradictory roles have been recently reported. The CaSR has been found to be expressed even in immune cells, where it stimulates immune response and chemokinesis. On the other hand, CaSR expression seems to be boosted under inflammatory stimulus, in particular, by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Because of this, the CaSR has been addressed as a key factor responsible for hypocalcemia and low levels of PTH that are commonly found in critically ill patients under sepsis or after burn injury. Moreover, the CaSR has been found to be implicated in autoimmune-hypoparathyroidism, recently found also in patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Given the tight bound between the CaSR, calcium and vitamin D metabolism, we also speculate about their roles in the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-19 (SARS-COVID-19) infection and their impact on patients' prognosis. We will further explore the therapeutic potential of pharmacological targeting of the CaSR for the treatment and management of aberrant inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Iamartino
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- F.I.R.M.O. (Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases), Florence, Italy
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