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Ram CVS, Muruganathan A, S M, Kumar M K. Indian Clinician's Perspective on the Approach to the Management of Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e57435. [PMID: 38699103 PMCID: PMC11063652 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension (HTN) is considered one of the most frequent life-threatening noncommunicable illnesses. Because HTN has a significant public health impact on cardiovascular health status and healthcare systems in India, it is critical to study Indian clinicians' approaches to HTN management. Methodology This was a cross-sectional, multicentric, non-interventional, and single-visit study that aimed to gather data from across India and examine sociodemographic characteristics and clinician treatment choices in the management of HTN in Indian individuals. As a result, building an information platform about HTN is critical to preventing and controlling this growing burden. Results A total of 5298 patients were recruited in the study from 1061 study centers across India. Among the study patients, 66.67% were females with a mean age of 53.95 ± 14.4, and 66.28% of hypertensive patients presented comorbidities. Among the known risk factors for HTN, 2227 (44.5%) were smokers, while 2587 (51.7%) had sedentary lifestyles. A family history of HTN in either one or both parents was seen in 1076 (21.50%) patients. In management, 40.40% of patients were on anti-hypertensive monotherapy. Amlodipine (41.8%) in monotherapy and amlodipine + metoprolol (32.34%) in combination therapy were the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive. Conclusion Management of HTN can be improved by imparting patient education and awareness about the need for medication compliance, lifestyle modifications, and regular follow-up clinic visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venkat S Ram
- Hypertension and Blood-Pressure Management Clinic, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, IND
| | - A Muruganathan
- Department of Public Health, Shristy AG Hospital, Tirupur, IND
| | - Manjula S
- Department of Medical Services, Micro Labs Ltd, Bengaluru, IND
| | - Krishna Kumar M
- Department of Medical Services, Micro Labs Ltd, Bengaluru, IND
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The association between altitude and the prevalence of hypertension among permanent highlanders. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:1754-1762. [PMID: 35941357 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-00985-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a growing contributor to the global disease burden, and it is prevalent among people living at high altitudes (H-ALTs). This study aimed to explore the relationship between altitude and the prevalence of HTN among inhabitants living at H-ALTs. We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, up to April 30, 2022. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for prevalence studies. A total of 1273 articles were screened, and 32 studies (86,487 participants) were eligible for further analyses. The pooled prevalence among highlanders was 28.7%. General additive model (GAM)-based meta-regression analysis was conducted to explore the association between altitude and the prevalence of HTN. A curve-shaped line was found between altitude and the prevalence of HTN (β = 0.998, p = 0.039) after adjusting for factors including publication year, sample size, age, sex, ethnic group, body mass index (BMI), smoking and alcohol consumption. The turning point was observed at 3300 m. The predictive parameter indicated that the smoothness and goodness of model fit were good (GCV = 0.014, R2 = 0.60, respectively). The findings may provide clues for further mechanistic studies that can improve HTN prevention among highlanders.
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Felix C, Baldeon ME, Zertuche F, Fornasini M, Paucar MJ, Ponce L, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Low levels of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Andean communities of Ecuador. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2020; 22:1530-1537. [PMID: 33245617 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The major burden of hypertension (HTN) occurs in low-middle-income countries (LMIC) and it is the main modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Few population studies on HTN prevalence have been carried out in Ecuador where there is limited information regarding its prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of HTN and its association with socio-economic, nutritional, and lifestyle habits in urban and rural Andean communities of Pichincha province in Ecuador. The authors studied 2020 individuals aged 35-70 years (mean age 50.8 years, 72% women), included in the Ecuadorian cohort of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, from February to December 2018. The hypertension prevalence (>140/90 mmHg) was 27% and was greater in urban than in rural communities, more common in men, in individuals older than 50 years of age, in people with low monthly income and low level of education. Higher prevalence was also observed in subjects with obesity, and among former smokers and those who consumed alcohol. Only 49% of those with HTN were aware of their condition, 40% were using antihypertensive medications, and 19% had their blood pressure under control (<140/90 mmHg). These results showed low levels of awareness, treatment, and control of HTN in the Andean region of Ecuador, suggesting the urgent necessity of implementing programs to improve the diagnosis and management of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Felix
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Manuel E Baldeon
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Federico Zertuche
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Marco Fornasini
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Maria Jose Paucar
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Liz Ponce
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador.,Masira Research Institute, Medical School, Santander University (UDES), Santander, Colombia
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Kang G. Risk factors of hypertension in acclimatized lowlanders staying at different altitudes. J Hum Hypertens 2019; 34:802-803. [PMID: 31548620 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-019-0262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- GuanYang Kang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan (also called Taiping People's Hospital of Dongguan), The Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
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