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Le Bourvellec M, Delpech N, Hervo J, Bosquet L, Enea C. Effect of exercise modalities on postexercise hypotension in pre- and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:864-876. [PMID: 38328822 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00684.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hormonal changes associated with menopause increase the risk of hypertension. Postexercise hypotension (PEH) is an important tool in the prevention and management of hypertension; however, menopause may alter this response. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis [International Prospective Registered of Systematic Review (PROSPERO): CRD42023297557] was to evaluate the effect of exercise modalities (aerobic, AE; resistance, RE; and combined exercise, CE: AE + RE) on PEH in women, according to their menopausal status (premenopausal or postmenopausal). We searched controlled trials in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Science Direct published between 1990 and March 2023. Inclusion criteria were normotensive, pre- and hypertensive, pre- and postmenopausal women who performed an exercise session compared with a control session and reported systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for at least 30 min after the sessions. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Standardized mean differences (Hedge's g) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and Q-test and Z-test were conducted to assess differences between moderators. Forty-one trials with 718 women (474 menopausal) were included. Overall, we found with moderate evidence that SBP and DBP decreased significantly after exercise session (SBP: g = -0.69, 95% CI -0.87 to -0.51; DBP: g = -0.31, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.14), with no difference between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Regarding exercise modalities, RE is more effective than AE and CE in lowering blood pressure (BP) in women regardless of menopausal status. In conclusion, women's menopausal status does not influence the magnitude of PEH, and the best modality to reduce BP in women seems to be RE.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This meta-analysis has demonstrated that a single bout of exercise induces postexercise hypotension (PEH) in women and that the hormonal shift occurring with menopause does not influence the magnitude of PEH. However, we have shown with moderate evidence that the effectiveness of exercise modalities differs between pre- and postmenopausal women. Resistance and combined exercises are the best modalities to induce PEH in premenopausal women, whereas resistance and aerobic exercises are more effective in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Le Bourvellec
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Delpech
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jéromine Hervo
- Laboratoire de Traitement de l'information Médicale (LaTIM), UMR1101, Université Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Carina Enea
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Lei T, Wang I, Chen Y, Liu X, Fujii N, Koga S, Perry B, Mundel T, Wang F, Cao Y, Dobashi K, Kondo N, Li H, Goulding RP. Critical power is a key threshold determining the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension in non-hypertensive young males. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1409-1421. [PMID: 37712355 PMCID: PMC10988428 DOI: 10.1113/ep091429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of different exercise intensities on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension has not been rigorously clarified with respect to the metabolic thresholds that partition discrete exercise intensity domains (i.e., critical power and the gas exchange threshold (GET)). We hypothesized that the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension would be greater following isocaloric exercise performed above versus below critical power. Twelve non-hypertensive men completed a ramp incremental exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake and the GET, followed by five exhaustive constant load trials to determine critical power and W' (work available above critical power). Subsequently, criterion trials were performed at four discrete intensities matched for total work performed (i.e., isocaloric) to determine the impact of exercise intensity on post-exercise hypotension: 10% above critical power (10% > CP), 10% below critical power (10% < CP), 10% above GET (10% > GET) and 10% below GET (10% < GET). The post-exercise decrease (i.e., the minimum post-exercise values) in mean arterial (10% > CP: -12.7 ± 8.3 vs. 10% < CP: v3.5 ± 2.9 mmHg), diastolic (10% > CP: -9.6 ± 9.8 vs. 10% < CP: -1.4 ± 5.0 mmHg) and systolic (10% > CP: -23.8 ± 7.0 vs. 10% < CP: -9.9 ± 4.3 mmHg) blood pressures were greater following exercise performed 10% > CP compared to all other trials (all P < 0.01). No effects of exercise intensity on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension were observed during exercise performed below critical power (all P > 0.05). Critical power represents a threshold above which the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension is greatly augmented. NEW FINDINGS: What is the central questions of this study? What is the influence of exercise intensity on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension with respect to metabolic thresholds? What is the main finding and its importance? The magnitude of post-exercise hypotension is greatly increased following exercise performed above critical power. However, below critical power, there was no clear effect of exercise intensity on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze‐Huan Lei
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - I‐Lin Wang
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - Yi‐Ming Chen
- Department of Food ScienceFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Xin‐Hao Liu
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - Naoto Fujii
- Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Shunsaku Koga
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryKobe Design UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Blake Perry
- School of Health SciencesMassey UniversityWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Toby Mundel
- Department of KinesiologyBrock UniversitySt CatharinesCanada
| | - Faming Wang
- Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST)KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Yinhang Cao
- School of Athletic PerformanceShanghai Sport UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kohei Dobashi
- Faculty of EducationHokkaido University of EducationAsahikawaJapan
| | - Narihiko Kondo
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and EnvironmentKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Hao‐Yu Li
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - Richie P. Goulding
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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Ketelhut S, Möhle M, Gürlich T, Hottenrott L, Hottenrott K. Comparing Post-Exercise Hypotension after Different Sprint Interval Training Protocols in a Matched Sample of Younger and Older Adults. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020640. [PMID: 36675569 PMCID: PMC9861373 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the post-exercise hypotension (PEH) effect in a sample of matched young and older adults after different sprint interval training (SIT) protocols. From forty-three participants enrolled in this study, twelve younger (24 ± 3 years) and 12 older (50 ± 7 years) participants, matched for the body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and VO2max-percentiles, were selected. The participants completed two SIT protocols consisting of 4 × 30 s exercise bouts interspersed by either one (SIT1) or three minutes (SIT3) of active rest. The peripheral systolic (pSBP) and diastolic (pDBP) blood pressure, central systolic (cSBP) and diastolic (cDBP) blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and heart rate (HR) were obtained before and at different measurement time points (t5, t15, t30, t45) after the exercise. No significant time × group interactions were detected in pSBP (p = 0.242, η² = 0.060), pDBP (p = 0.379, η² = 0.046), cSBP (p = 0.091, η² = 0.861), cDBP (p = 0.625, η² = 0.033), PWV (p = 0.133, η² = 0.076), and HR (p = 0.190, η² = 0.123) after SIT1. For SIT3 no significant time × group interactions could be detected for pSBP (p = 0.773, η² = 0.020), pDBP (p = 0.972, η² = 0.006), cSBP (p = 0.239, η² = 0.060), cDBP (p = 0.535, η² = 0.036), PWV (p = 0.402, η² = 0.044), and HR (p = 0.933, η² = 0.009). Matched samples of young and older adults reveal similar PEH effects after HIIT. Accordingly, age does not seem to affect PEH after SIT. These results show that rest interval length and age modulate the PEH effect after SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ketelhut
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Martin Möhle
- Institute of Sport Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Tina Gürlich
- Institute of Sport Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laura Hottenrott
- Institute of Performance Diagnostics and Health Promotion, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kuno Hottenrott
- Institute of Sport Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Performance Diagnostics and Health Promotion, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Ketelhut S, Möhle M, Gürlich T, Hottenrott L, Hottenrott K. Optimizing sprint interval exercise for post-exercise hypotension: A randomized crossover trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 23:571-579. [PMID: 35200094 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2046860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of manipulating the rest intervals during sprint interval training (SIT) on post-exercise hypotension and within-session oxygen consumption.Thirty healthy, trained adults (aged 30.9 ± 8.7 years; 14 males, 16 females; BMI 22.1 ± 2.3 kg/m2; VO2max 50.7 ± 7.8 ml/kg/min) completed two different SIT protocols (4x 30-seconds all-out cycling sprints) with a one-week washout period. Sprint bouts were separated by either 1 (R1) or 3 (R3) minutes of active recovery. Both before and throughout the 45 minutes after the training, peripheral systolic (pSBP) and diastolic (pDBP) blood pressure, central systolic (cSBP) and diastolic (cDBP) blood pressure, aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), stroke volume (SV), and heart rate (HR) were assessed. Throughout the SIT protocols, oxygen consumption (VO2) was monitored.There were no significant differences in time spent at 75%, 85%, 95%, and 100% of maximal VO2 between R1 and R3. After R3, there was a significant reduction in pSBP, pDBP, cSBP, cDBP, and aPWV. After R1, there were no changes in the respective parameters. There were significant interaction effects in pSBD (p<0.001), pDBP (p<0.001), cSBP (p<0.001), cDBP (p=0.001), and aPWV (p=0.033). HR significantly increased after both conditions. Only R1 resulted in a significant reduction in SV.Longer resting intervals during SIT bouts seem to result in more substantial post-exercise hypotension effects. Time spent at a high percentage of maximal VO2 was not affected by rest interval manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ketelhut
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin Möhle
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tina Gürlich
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laurra Hottenrott
- Institute of performance diagnostics and health promotion, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kuno Hottenrott
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of performance diagnostics and health promotion, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Kanegusuku H, Cucato GG, Longano P, Okamoto E, Piemonte MEP, Correia MA, Ritti-Dias RM. Acute Cardiovascular Responses to Self-selected Intensity Exercise in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:177-182. [PMID: 34380151 DOI: 10.1055/a-1529-6480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease patients frequently present cardiovascular dysfunction. Exercise with a self-selected intensity has emerged as a new strategy for exercise prescription aiming to increase exercise adherence. Thus, the current study evaluated the acute cardiovascular responses after a session of aerobic exercise at a traditional intensity and at a self-selected intensity in Parkinson's disease patients. Twenty patients (≥ 50 years old, Hoehn & Yahr 1-3 stages) performed 3 experimental sessions in random order: Traditional session (cycle ergometer, 25 min, 50 rpm, 60-80% maximum heart rate); Self-selected intensity: (cycle ergometer, 25 min, 50 rpm with self-selected intensity); and Control session (resting for 25 min). Before and after 30 min of intervention, brachial and central blood pressure (auscultatory method and pulse wave analysis, respectively), cardiac autonomic modulation (heart rate variability), and arterial stiffness (pulse wave analysis) were evaluated. Brachial and central systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the augmentation index increased after the control session, whereas no changes were observed after the exercise sessions (P<0.01). Pulse wave velocity and cardiac autonomic modulation parameters did not change after the three interventions. In conclusion, a single session of traditional intensity or self-selected intensity exercises similarly blunted the increase in brachial and central blood pressure and the augmentation index compared to a non-exercise control session in Parkinson's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Grizzo Cucato
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.,Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Paulo Longano
- Universidade Nove de Julho - Campus Vergueiro, São Paulo, Brazil
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