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Sakai Y, Kuwahara K. Carcinogenesis caused by transcription-coupled DNA damage through GANP and other components of the TREX-2 complex. Pathol Int 2024; 74:103-118. [PMID: 38411330 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Perturbation of genes is important for somatic hypermutation to increase antibody affinity during B-cell immunity; however, it may also promote carcinogenesis. Previous studies have revealed that transcription is an important process that can induce DNA damage and genomic instability. Transciption-export-2 (TREX-2) complex, which regulates messenger RNA (mRNA) nuclear export, has been studied in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, recent studies have started investigating the molecular function of the mammalian TREX-2 complex. The central molecule in the TREX-2 complex, that is, germinal center-associated nuclear protein (GANP), is closely associated with antibody affinity maturation as well as cancer etiology. In this review, we focus on carcinogenesis, lymphomagenesis, and teratomagenesis caused by transcription-coupled DNA damage through GANP and other components of the TREX-2 complex. We review the basic machinery of mRNA nuclear export and transcription-coupled DNA damage. We then briefly describe the immunological relationship between GANP and the affinity maturation of antibodies. Finally, we illustrate that the aberrant expression of the components of the TREX-2 complex, especially GANP, is associated with the etiology of various solid tumors, lymphomas, and testicular teratoma. These components serve as reliable predictors of cancer prognosis and response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kuwahara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Li C, Chen B, Zhang J, Yang J, Guo M, Ren Y, Zhou Z, Fung KM, Li M, Zhang L, Liu Z. SEM1 promotes tumor progression of glioblastoma via activating the akt signaling pathway. Cancer Lett 2023; 577:216368. [PMID: 37652287 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SEM1, a 26 S proteasome complex subunit, is an essential regulator of tumor growth. However, the underlying mechanism of SEM1 mediated glioma progression remains to be elucidated. METHODS Data from bulk-tumor, single-cell, and spatial sequencing were analyzed to reveal correlations between SEM1 and clinical traits, cell types, and functional enrichment in gliomas. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess SEM1 expression. MTT, flow cytometry, apoptosis signature, epithelial-mesenchymal transition signature, Transwell, and organoid assays were used to study SEM1's effect on the malignant behavior of glioma (U251 and LN229) cells. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to construct an SEM1-mediated malignant regulatory network. Accordingly, survival analysis, therapeutic response, drug prediction, and molecular docking analyses were performed. RESULTS High SEM1 expression was observed in gliomas and correlated with worse clinical features and prognosis. Moreover, SEM1 is mainly localized in malignant cells (glioma cells). SEM1 knockout inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of glioma cells and promoted their apoptosis. We also constructed an SEM1 malignant regulatory network that was bridged by the PI3K-Akt pathway. The network had a high prognostic value. Finally, drugs potentially targeting SEM1 were screened and docked to SEM1. CONCLUSIONS SEM1 is critically involved in the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of glioma cells. The SEM1 malignant regulatory network shows high significance for the prognosis and treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Hypothalamic-pituitary Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China; Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Muzi Guo
- Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Yu Ren
- Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Medicine, And Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; Hypothalamic-pituitary Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Hypothalamic-pituitary Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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Ando T, Ito D, Shiogama K, Sakai Y, Abe M, Ideta T, Kanbe A, Shimizu M, Ito H. Administration of spermidine attenuates concanavalin A-induced liver injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 648:44-49. [PMID: 36724559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A previous study revealed that treatment with the anticoagulant heparin attenuated concanavalin A (ConA)-induced liver injury. The administration of spermidine (SPD) increased urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) levels in the serum. uPA is clinically used for the treatment of some thrombotic diseases such as cerebral infarction. Therefore, SPD may attenuate ConA-induced liver injury that is exacerbated by blood coagulation. The present study investigated the effect of SPD on liver injury in mice with autoimmune hepatopathy induced by ConA. A model of liver injury was created by intravenous injection of ConA into mice. SPD was administered in free drinking water and was biochemically and pathologically examined over time. The administration of SPD to ConA-treated mice significantly reduced liver injury. However, SPD treatment upregulated the mRNA expression of TNF-α and IFN-ϒ in the livers of ConA-treated mice. In contrast, the mRNA expression of tissue factor in the livers of SPD-treated mice was decreased after ConA injection. The frequency of lymphocytes and lymphocyte activation were not affected by SPD administration in ConA-treated mice. SPD treatment increased uPA levels in the serum and decreased the level of D-dimer in ConA-treated mice. Moreover, SPD decreased fibrin in the livers of ConA-treated mice. These results indicated that SPD treatment increased anticoagulant ability by increasing of uPA and attenuated ConA-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatusya Ando
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi City, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido, Gifu City, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shiogama
- Department of Morphology and Pathological Diagnosis, Clinical and Educational Collaboration Unit, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi City, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi City, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Masato Abe
- Department of Morphology and Pathological Diagnosis, Clinical and Educational Collaboration Unit, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi City, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Takayasu Ideta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Japan International Medical Center, 1-1 Kenkonomachi, Minokamo, Gifu, 505-8510, Japan
| | - Ayumu Kanbe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gifu University Hospital, Yanagido, Gifu City, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido, Gifu City, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Ito
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi City, 470-1192, Japan.
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Debbabi I, Vacher S, Neuzillet C, Cros J, Revillon F, Petitalot A, Turpin A, Antonio S, Girard E, Dupain C, Kamal M, Hammel P, Bièche I, Masliah-Planchon J, Caputo SM. Identification of a large intra-exonic deletion in BRCA2 exon 18 in a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359221146132. [PMID: 36700131 PMCID: PMC9869184 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221146132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
By 2030, pancreatic cancer will become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and in Europe. The management of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer relies on chemotherapy and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for patients who carry BRCA1/2 inactivating alterations. Some variants, such as large insertion/deletions (Indels), inactivating BRCA1/2 and therefore of clinical relevance can be hard to detect by next-generation sequencing techniques. Here we report a 47-year-old patient presenting with pancreatic cancer whose tumour harbours a large somatic intra-exonic deletion of BRCA2 of 141 bp. This BRCA2 deletion, located in the C-terminal domain, can be considered as pathogenic and consequently affect tumorigenesis because it is involved in the interaction between the DSS1 protein and DNA. Thanks to the optimized bioinformatics algorithm, this intermediate size deletion in BRCA2 was identified, enabling personalized patient management via the inclusion of the patients in a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Debbabi
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Curie Institute, Versailles Saint Quentin University, Paris, France
| | - Jérome Cros
- INSERM UMR1149, Beaujon University Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France,Department of Pathology, Beaujon University, Hospital Paris 7 Diderot University, Paris, France
| | | | - Ambre Petitalot
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Turpin
- ULR9020-UMR-S 1277 Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France,Medical Oncology Department, CHU Lille, University of Lille, France
| | - Samantha Antonio
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - Célia Dupain
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris
| | - Maud Kamal
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris
| | - Pascal Hammel
- Department of Digestive and Medical Oncology, Paris-Saclay University, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France,Université de Paris, Paris, France
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