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Li XP, Song JT, Dai YT, Zhang WN, Zhao BT, Mao JY, Gao Y, Jiang L, Liang Y. Integrative single-cell analysis of longitudinal t(8;21) AML reveals heterogeneous immune cell infiltration and prognostic signatures. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1424933. [PMID: 39086485 PMCID: PMC11288856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immunotherapies targeting T cells in solid cancers are revolutionizing clinical treatment. Novel immunotherapies have had extremely limited benefit for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we characterized the immune microenvironment of t(8;21) AML patients to determine how immune cell infiltration status influenced prognosis. Methods Through multi-omics studies of primary and longitudinal t(8;21) AML samples, we characterized the heterogeneous immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment and their immune checkpoint gene expression. Further external cohorts were also included in this research. Results CD8+ T cells were enriched and HAVCR2 and TIGIT were upregulated in the CD34+CD117dim%-High group; these features are known to be associated with immune exhaustion. Data integration analysis of single-cell dynamics revealed that a subset of T cells (cluster_2) (highly expressing GZMB, NKG7, PRF1 and GNLY) evolved and expanded markedly in the drug-resistant stage after relapse. External cohort analysis confirmed that the cluster_2 T-cell signature could be utilized to stratify patients by overall survival outcome. Discussion In conclusion, we discovered a distinct T-cell signature by scRNA-seq that was correlated with disease progression and drug resistance. Our research provides a novel system for classifying patients based on their immune microenvironment.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Single-Cell Analysis/methods
- Prognosis
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Male
- Female
- Translocation, Genetic
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Adult
- Middle Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Li
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Song
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ting Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Na Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bai-Tian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ying Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Santoro N, Salutari P, Di Ianni M, Marra A. Precision Medicine Approaches in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Adverse Genetics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4259. [PMID: 38673842 PMCID: PMC11050344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with adverse genetics remains unsatisfactory, with very low response rates to standard chemotherapy and shorter durations of remission commonly observed in these patients. The complex biology of AML with adverse genetics is continuously evolving. Herein, we discuss recent advances in the field focusing on the contribution of molecular drivers of leukemia biogenesis and evolution and on the alterations of the immune system that can be exploited with immune-based therapeutic strategies. We focus on the biological rationales for combining targeted therapy and immunotherapy, which are currently being investigated in ongoing trials, and could hopefully ameliorate the poor outcomes of patients affected by AML with adverse genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Santoro
- Hematology Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ospedale Civile “Santo Spirito”, 65122 Pescara, Italy; (P.S.); (M.D.I.)
| | - Prassede Salutari
- Hematology Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ospedale Civile “Santo Spirito”, 65122 Pescara, Italy; (P.S.); (M.D.I.)
| | - Mauro Di Ianni
- Hematology Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ospedale Civile “Santo Spirito”, 65122 Pescara, Italy; (P.S.); (M.D.I.)
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G.D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Marra
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 00196 Rome, Italy
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Janani G, Girigoswami A, Girigoswami K. Advantages of nanomedicine over the conventional treatment in Acute myeloid leukemia. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:415-441. [PMID: 38113194 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2294541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is a cancer of blood cells that mainly affects the white blood cells. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) sudden growth of cancerous cells occurs in blood and bone marrow, and it disrupts normal blood cell production. Most patients are asymptomatic, but it spreads rapidly and can become fatal if left untreated. AML is the prevalent form of leukemia in children. Risk factors of AML include chemical exposure, radiation, genetics, etc. Conventional diagnostic methods of AML are complete blood count tests and bone marrow aspiration, while conventional treatment methods involve chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and bone marrow transplant. There is a risk of cancer cells spreading progressively to the other organs if left untreated, and hence, early diagnosis is required. The conventional diagnostic methods are time- consuming and have drawbacks like harmful side effects and recurrence of the disease. To overcome these difficulties, nanoparticles are employed in treating and diagnosing AML. These nanoparticles can be surface- modified and can be used against cancer cells. Due to their enhanced permeability effect and high surface-to-volume ratio they will be able to reach the tumour site which cannot be reached by traditional drugs. This review article talks about how nanotechnology is more advantageous over the traditional methods in the treatment and diagnosis of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalarethinam Janani
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Magliulo D, Simoni M, Caserta C, Fracassi C, Belluschi S, Giannetti K, Pini R, Zapparoli E, Beretta S, Uggè M, Draghi E, Rossari F, Coltella N, Tresoldi C, Morelli MJ, Di Micco R, Gentner B, Vago L, Bernardi R. The transcription factor HIF2α partakes in the differentiation block of acute myeloid leukemia. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17810. [PMID: 37807875 PMCID: PMC10630882 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the defining features of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an arrest of myeloid differentiation whose molecular determinants are still poorly defined. Pharmacological removal of the differentiation block contributes to the cure of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in the absence of cytotoxic chemotherapy, but this approach has not yet been translated to non-APL AMLs. Here, by investigating the function of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF1α and HIF2α, we found that both genes exert oncogenic functions in AML and that HIF2α is a novel regulator of the AML differentiation block. Mechanistically, we found that HIF2α promotes the expression of transcriptional repressors that have been implicated in suppressing AML myeloid differentiation programs. Importantly, we positioned HIF2α under direct transcriptional control by the prodifferentiation agent all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and demonstrated that HIF2α blockade cooperates with ATRA to trigger AML cell differentiation. In conclusion, we propose that HIF2α inhibition may open new therapeutic avenues for AML treatment by licensing blasts maturation and leukemia debulking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Magliulo
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Matilde Simoni
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Carolina Caserta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Cristina Fracassi
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Serena Belluschi
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University School of MedicineMilanItaly
- Present address:
MogrifyCambridgeUK
| | - Kety Giannetti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Raffaella Pini
- Center for Omics SciencesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics SciencesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Stefano Beretta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Martina Uggè
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Eleonora Draghi
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and ImmunobiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Federico Rossari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University School of MedicineMilanItaly
| | - Nadia Coltella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Marco J Morelli
- Center for Omics SciencesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Present address:
Ludwig Institute for Cancer researchLausanne UniversityLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Luca Vago
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and ImmunobiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Rosa Bernardi
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
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