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Diebold AV, Pendry JB, Favaro A, Imani MF, Smith DR. Spatial coherence in 2D holography. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2021; 38:727-736. [PMID: 33983278 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.419420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Holography is a long-established technique to encode an object's spatial information into a lower-dimensional representation. We investigate the role of the illumination's spatial coherence properties in the success of such an imaging system through point spread function and Fourier domain analysis. Incoherent illumination is shown to result in more robust imaging performance free of diffraction artifacts at the cost of incurring background noise and sacrificing phase retrieval. Numerical studies confirm that this background noise reduces image sensitivity as the image size increases, in agreement with other similar systems. Following this analysis, we demonstrate a 2D holographic imaging system realized with lensless, 1D measurements of microwave fields generated by dynamic metasurface apertures.
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Spies RM, Cole GH, Engevik MA, Nordberg BG, Scharnick EA, Vliem IM, Brolo AG, Lindquist NC. Digital plasmonic holography with iterative phase retrieval for sensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:3026-3037. [PMID: 33770910 DOI: 10.1364/oe.412844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Propagating surface plasmon waves have been used for many applications including imaging and sensing. However, direct in-plane imaging of micro-objects with surface plasmon waves suffers from the lack of simple, two-dimensional lenses, mirrors, and other optical elements. In this paper, we apply lensless digital holographic techniques and leakage radiation microscopy to achieve in-plane surface imaging with propagating surface plasmon waves. As plasmons propagate in two-dimensions and scatter from various objects, a hologram is formed over the surface. Iterative phase retrieval techniques applied to this hologram remove twin image interference for high-resolution in-plane imaging and enable further applications in real-time plasmonic phase sensing.
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Ohannesian N, Misbah I, Lin SH, Shih WC. Plasmonic nano-aperture label-free imaging (PANORAMA). Nat Commun 2020; 11:5805. [PMID: 33199716 PMCID: PMC7670455 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19678-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Label-free optical imaging of nanoscale objects faces fundamental challenges. Techniques based on propagating surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) have shown promises. However, challenges remain to achieve diffraction-limited resolution and better surface localization in SPR imaging. LSPR imaging with dark-field microscopy on metallic nanostructures suffers from low light throughput and insufficient imaging capacity. Here we show ultra-near-field index modulated PlAsmonic NanO-apeRture lAbel-free iMAging (PANORAMA) which uniquely relies on unscattered light to detect sub-100 nm dielectric nanoparticles. PANORAMA provides diffraction-limited resolution, higher surface sensitivity, and wide-field imaging with dense spatial sampling. Its system is identical to a standard bright-field microscope with a lamp and a camera – no laser or interferometry is needed. In a parallel fashion, PANORAMA can detect, count and size individual dielectric nanoparticles beyond 25 nm, and dynamically monitor their distance to the plasmonic surface at millisecond timescale. Here, the authors report on an imaging method based on localized surface plasmon resonance excitation, employing gold nanodisk arrays as substrates that enable imaging of transparent dielectric particles of several sizes. They demonstrate the ability to detect and image particles smaller than the diffraction limit at 25 nm with standard bright-field imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nareg Ohannesian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Ibrahim Misbah
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Wei-Chuan Shih
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA. .,Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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Yang Y, Zhai C, Zeng Q, Khan AL, Yu H. Quantitative Amplitude and Phase Imaging with Interferometric Plasmonic Microscopy. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13595-13601. [PMID: 31697072 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic microscopy is a powerful tool for nanoscopic bio- and chemical sample analysis due to its high sensitivity. Phase quantification in plasmonic microscopy would provide inherent information, i.e., refractive index, for identification of nanomaterials. However, it usually relies on complex optics to acquire quantitative phase images. Here, we demonstrated the quantitative amplitude and phase imaging capabilities through holographical reconstructions of the plasmonic patterns recorded in the interferometric plasmonic microscopy. Operating the plasmonic microscopy over the surface plasmon resonance angle separates the twin images and allows for accurate mapping of the amplitude and phase distribution of surface plasmon near fields. Results show that the imaging capabilities enable direct visualization of complex surface plasmon fields arising from interactions with nanoparticles and nanowires, without the need for nanoscopic scanning probes. Theoretical and experimental analysis also suggests future applications in the identification of nanoparticles and super-resolution imaging. The proposed technology is thus promising for nanoplasmonic study and various sensing purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
| | - Chunhui Zhai
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
| | - Ab Lateef Khan
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
| | - Hui Yu
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
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Abstract
In this paper, a metal-dielectric-metal structure based on a Fabry–Perot cavity was proposed, which can provide near 100% perfect narrow-band absorption. The lossy ultrathin silver film was used as the top layer spaced by a lossless silicon oxide layer from the bottom silver mirror. We demonstrated a narrow bandwidth of 20 nm with 99.37% maximum absorption and the absorption peaks can be tuned by altering the thickness of the middle SiO2 layer. In addition, we established a deep understanding of the physics mechanism, which provides a new perspective in designing such a narrow-band perfect absorber. The proposed absorber can be easily fabricated by the mature thin film technology independent of any nano structure, which make it an appropriate candidate for photodetectors, sensing, and spectroscopy.
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Frese D, Wei Q, Wang Y, Huang L, Zentgraf T. Nonreciprocal Asymmetric Polarization Encryption by Layered Plasmonic Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3976-3980. [PMID: 31050899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As flexible optical devices that can manipulate the phase and amplitude of light, metasurfaces would clearly benefit from directional optical properties. However, single layer metasurface systems consisting of two-dimensional nanoparticle arrays exhibit only a weak spatial asymmetry perpendicular to the surface and therefore have mostly symmetric transmission features. Here, we present a metasurface design principle for nonreciprocal polarization encryption of holographic images. Our approach is based on a two-layer plasmonic metasurface design that introduces a local asymmetry and generates a bidirectional functionality with full phase and amplitude control of the transmitted light. The encoded hologram is designed to appear in a particular linear cross-polarization channel, while it is disappearing in the reverse propagation direction. Hence, layered metasurface systems can feature asymmetric transmission with full phase and amplitude control and therefore expand the design freedom in nanoscale optical devices toward asymmetric information processing and security features for anticounterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Frese
- Department of Physics , Paderborn University , Warburger Straße 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
| | - Qunshuo Wei
- School of Optics and Photonics , Beijing Institute of Technology , 100081 , Beijing , China
| | - Yongtian Wang
- School of Optics and Photonics , Beijing Institute of Technology , 100081 , Beijing , China
| | - Lingling Huang
- School of Optics and Photonics , Beijing Institute of Technology , 100081 , Beijing , China
| | - Thomas Zentgraf
- Department of Physics , Paderborn University , Warburger Straße 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
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Dvořák P, Kvapil M, Bouchal P, Édes Z, Šamořil T, Hrtoň M, Ligmajer F, Křápek V, Šikola T. Near-field digital holography: a tool for plasmon phase imaging. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21363-21368. [PMID: 30427021 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07438k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of the phase distribution of the near electromagnetic field has become very important for many applications. However, its experimental observation is still technologically a very demanding task. In this work, we propose a novel method for the measurement of the phase distribution of the near electric field based on the principles of phase-shifting digital holography. In contrast to previous methods the holographic interference occurs already in the near field and the phase distribution can be determined purely from the scanning near-field optical microscopy measurements without the need for additional far-field interferometric methods. This opens a way towards on-chip phase imaging. We demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method by reconstruction of the phase difference between interfering surface plasmon waves and by imaging the phase of a single surface plasmon wave. We also demonstrate a selectivity of the method towards individual components of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Dvořák
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic.
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