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Cui L, An S, Yit Loong Lee H, Liu GX, Wang H, Wang HY, Wu L, Dong Z, Wang L. Dynamic Ultrastrong Coupling in a 2 nm Gap Plasmonic Cavity at the Sub-Picosecond Scale. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 39038175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) can enhance the electromagnetic fields on metallic nanostructures upon light illumination, providing an approach for manipulating light-matter interactions at the sub-wavelength scale. However, currently, there is no thorough investigation of the physical mechanism in the dynamic formation of the strongly coupled LSPRs on sub-5 nm plasmonic cavities at the sub-picosecond scale. In this work, through femtosecond broadband transient absorption spectroscopy, we reveal the dynamic ultrastrong coupling processes in a nanoparticle-in-trench (NPiT) structure containing 2 nm gap cavities, and demonstrate a coherent motional coupling between vibrating AuNPs and the nanogaps. We achieve a maximum Rabi splitting energy of ∼660 meV in the sub-picosecond hot-electron relaxation time scale under the resonant excitation of the nanogap cavity's LSPR, reaching the ultrastrong coupling regime. This leads to a change of global vibration modes for the 2 nm gap cavity, potentially related to the dynamical Casimir effect with nanogap resonators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shu An
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Henry Yit Loong Lee
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Guang-Xin Liu
- Science, Mathematics, and Technology (SMT), Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hai-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Science, Mathematics, and Technology (SMT), Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #16-16, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhaogang Dong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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2
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Zhuang ZP, Zeng HL, Chen XD, He XT, Dong JW. Topological Nature of Radiation Asymmetry in Bilayer Metagratings. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:113801. [PMID: 38563935 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.113801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Manipulating radiation asymmetry of photonic structures is of particular interest in many photonic applications such as directional optical antenna, high efficiency on-chip lasers, and coherent light control. Here, we proposed a term of pseudopolarization to reveal the topological nature of radiation asymmetry in bilayer metagratings. Robust pseudopolarization vortex with an integer topological charge exists in P-symmetry metagrating, allowing for tunable directionality ranging from -1 to 1 in synthetic parameter space. When P-symmetry breaking, such vortex becomes pairs of C points due to the conservation law of charge, leading to the phase difference of radiation asymmetry from π/2 to 3π/2. Furthermore, topologically enabled coherent perfect absorption is robust with customized phase difference at will between two counterpropagating external light sources. This Letter can not only enrich the understanding of two particular topological photonic behaviors, i.e., bound state in the continuum and unidirectional guided resonance, but also provide a topological view on radiation asymmetry, opening an unexplored avenue for asymmetric light manipulation in on-chip laser, light-light switch, and quantum emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Peng Zhuang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hao-Long Zeng
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Chen
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xin-Tao He
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jian-Wen Dong
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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3
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Zhu Z, Wang Y, Jiang L. Multifunctional and wavelength division multiplexing all-optical logic gates based on four-port metal-insulator-metal waveguides coupled with a ring resonator. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:7731-7740. [PMID: 36256375 DOI: 10.1364/ao.459242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the past few years, designing multifunctional all-optical logic devices has attracted more and more attention in integrated optical computing. We report a metal-insulator-metal based four-port all-optical logic gate device containing two parallel straight waveguides and a ring resonator. We employ the scattering matrix method to analyze the coupling mechanisms of the hybrid waveguide and adopt the finite-difference time-domain method to design four fundamental logic functions of AND, OR, XOR, and NOT based on the all-optical coherent control of the four-port system under three symmetrically incident conditions. We demonstrate that these logic functions can be freely modulated by changing the phase difference of the input light at two resonant wavelengths or in a broad band. The logic gate device proposed shows a simple structure with multiple functions, multiple channels, and convenience in fabrication, and can be applied in parallel optical computing based on wavelength division multiplexing technology.
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Farooq S, Shafique S, Ahsan Z, Cardozo O, Wali F. Tailoring the Scattering Response of Optical Nanocircuits Using Modular Assembly. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2962. [PMID: 36079999 PMCID: PMC9457608 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the localized plasmon resonance of an ensemble of interacting plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs), there has been a tremendous drive to conceptualize complex optical nanocircuits with versatile functionalities. In comparison to modern research, there is still not a sufficient level of sophistication to treat the nanostructures as lumped circuits that can be adjusted into complex systems on the basis of a metatronic touchstone. Here, we present the design, assembly, and characterization of single relatively complex photonic nanocircuits by accurately positioning several metallic and dielectric nanoparticles acting as modular lumped elements. In this research, Au NPs along with silica NPs were used to compare the proficiency and precision of our lumped circuit model analytically. On increasing the size of an individual Au NP, the spectral peak resonance not only modifies but also causes more scattering efficiency which increases the fringe capacitance linearly and decreases the nanoinductance of lumped circuit element. The NPs-based assembly induced the required spectral resonance ascribed by simple circuit methods and are depicted to be actively reconfigurable by tuning the direction or polarization of input signals. Our work demonstrates a vital step toward developing the modern modular designing tools of complex electronic circuits into nanophotonic-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Farooq
- Center for Lasers and Applications, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242-Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biomedical Optics and Imaging, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50000-000, Brazil
| | - Shareen Shafique
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaoting University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zishan Ahsan
- Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243000, China
| | | | - Faiz Wali
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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5
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Stanciu SG, Tranca DE, Zampini G, Hristu R, Stanciu GA, Chen X, Liu M, Stenmark HA, Latterini L. Scattering-type Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy of Polymer-Coated Gold Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11353-11362. [PMID: 35415325 PMCID: PMC8992282 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) has emerged over the past years as a powerful characterization tool that can probe important properties of advanced materials and biological samples in a label-free manner, with spatial resolutions lying in the nanoscale realm. In this work, we explore such usefulness in relationship with an interesting class of materials: polymer-coated gold nanoparticles (NPs). As thoroughly discussed in recent works, the interplay between the Au core and the polymeric shell has been found to be important in many applications devoted to biomedicine. We investigate bare Au NPs next to polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) coated ones under 532 nm laser excitation, an wavelength matching the surface plasmon band of the custom-synthesized nanoparticles. We observe consistent s-SNOM phase signals in the case of bare and shallow-coated Au NPs, whereas for thicker shell instances, these signals fade. For all investigated samples, the s-SNOM amplitude signals were found to be very weak, which may be related to reduced scattering efficiency due to absorption of the incident beam. We consider these observations important, as they may facilitate studies and applications in nanomedicine and nanotechnology where the precise positioning of polymer-coated Au NPs with nanoscale resolution is needed besides their dielectric function and related intrinsic optical properties, which are also quantitatively available with s-SNOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Denis E. Tranca
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Giulia Zampini
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia University, Via Elce di sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Radu Hristu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - George A. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Mengkun Liu
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Harald A. Stenmark
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0379, Norway
| | - Loredana Latterini
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia University, Via Elce di sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Shayegannia M, Montazeri AO, Dixon K, Prinja R, Kazemi-Zanjani N, Kherani NP. Adiabatic mode transformation in width-graded nano-gratings enabling multiwavelength light localization. Sci Rep 2021; 11:669. [PMID: 33436800 PMCID: PMC7804207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We delineate the four principal surface plasmon polariton coupling and interaction mechanisms in subwavelength gratings, and demonstrate their significant roles in shaping the optical response of plasmonic gratings. Within the framework of width-graded metal–insulator-metal nano-gratings, electromagnetic field confinement and wave guiding result in multiwavelength light localization provided conditions of adiabatic mode transformation are satisfied. The field is enhanced further through fine tuning of the groove-width (w), groove-depth (L) and groove-to-groove-separation (d). By juxtaposing the resonance modes of width-graded and non-graded gratings and defining the adiabaticity condition, we demonstrate the criticality of w and d in achieving adiabatic mode transformation among the grooves. We observe that the resonant wavelength of a graded grating corresponds to the properties of a single groove when the grooves are adiabatically coupled. We show that L plays an important function in defining the span of localized wavelengths. Specifically, we show that multiwavelength resonant modes with intensity enhancement exceeding three orders of magnitude are possible with w < 30 nm and 300 nm < d < 900 nm for a range of fixed values of L. This study presents a novel paradigm of deep-subwavelength adiabatically-coupled width-graded gratings—illustrating its versatility in design, hence its viability for applications ranging from surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy to multispectral imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Shayegannia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Arthur O Montazeri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Katelyn Dixon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Rajiv Prinja
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Nastaran Kazemi-Zanjani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Nazir P Kherani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada. .,Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E4, Canada.
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7
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Etxebarria-Elezgarai J, Mowat M, Lopez E, Rodríguez C, Olaetxea I, Seifert A. Gaussian Beam Shaping and Multivariate Analysis in Plasmonic Sensing. Anal Chem 2020; 92:16236-16244. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Mowat
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Eneko Lopez
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodríguez
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ion Olaetxea
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Andreas Seifert
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Plaza 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
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8
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Zhu Z, Yuan J, Jiang L. Multifunctional and multichannel all-optical logic gates based on the in-plane coherent control of localized surface plasmons. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:6362-6365. [PMID: 33258812 DOI: 10.1364/ol.402085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we report a scheme to design multifunctional and multichannel all-optical logic gates based on the in-plane coherent control of localized surface plasmons in an Au nanorod (NR) array on the Si substrate. By using theoretical analysis and structural optimization, we numerically demonstrate a four-channel all-optical logic gate device that can switch three basic logic operations on each NR only by controlling the phase differences of incident beams. This device is ultra-compact in size and shows high extensibility for parallel logic operations, which may be applied in future high-speed on-chip integrated optical computing.
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9
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Xia J, Tang J, Bao F, Sun Y, Fang M, Cao G, Evans J, He S. Turning a hot spot into a cold spot: polarization-controlled Fano-shaped local-field responses probed by a quantum dot. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:166. [PMID: 33024554 PMCID: PMC7505841 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical nanoantennas can convert propagating light to local fields. The local-field responses can be engineered to exhibit nontrivial features in spatial, spectral and temporal domains, where local-field interferences play a key role. Here, we design nearly fully controllable local-field interferences in the nanogap of a nanoantenna, and experimentally demonstrate that in the nanogap, the spectral dispersion of the local-field response can exhibit tuneable Fano lineshapes with nearly vanishing Fano dips. A single quantum dot is precisely positioned in the nanogap to probe the spectral dispersions of the local-field responses. By controlling the excitation polarization, the asymmetry parameter q of the probed Fano lineshapes can be tuned from negative to positive values, and correspondingly, the Fano dips can be tuned across a broad spectral range. Notably, at the Fano dips, the local-field intensity is strongly suppressed by up to ~50-fold, implying that the hot spot in the nanogap can be turned into a cold spot. The results may inspire diverse designs of local-field responses with novel spatial distributions, spectral dispersions and temporal dynamics, and expand the available toolbox for nanoscopy, spectroscopy, nano-optical quantum control and nanolithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xia
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Tang
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Fanglin Bao
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongcheng Sun
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Maodong Fang
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanjun Cao
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Julian Evans
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Sailing He
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instrumentation, JORCEP, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Department of Electromagnetic Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Wang Y, Zhang X. Ultrafast optical switching based on mutually enhanced resonance modes in gold nanowire gratings. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:17807-17814. [PMID: 31552993 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05648c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report an efficient ultrafast optical switching device consisting of periodically arranged gold nanowires, which were produced by the multistage deposition of colloidal gold nanoparticles into deep grooves, so that they are as high as 220 nm and continuous as long as 20 mm. Due to the large thickness of the gold nanowires, two resonance modes became efficient and mutually enhanced: the waveguide resonance mode and the Bragg microcavity resonance mode. These resonance modes are based on the same diffraction conditions and have a completely overlapped spectroscopic response. Thus, a sharp resonance mode with a large amplitude and a steep rising edge is observed in the optical extinction spectrum at normal incidence. Strong optical excitation induced a red shift of the resonance spectrum and resulted in an enhanced optical transmission spectrum with a narrow bandwidth and a high response speed. Such an optical switching device with new physics has potential applications in optical logic circuits and integrated optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and College of Applied Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
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