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Li H, Yu Z, Zhong T, Lai P. Performance enhancement in wavefront shaping of multiply scattered light: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2024; 29:S11512. [PMID: 38125718 PMCID: PMC10732255 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.s1.s11512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Significance In nonballistic regime, optical scattering impedes high-resolution imaging through/inside complex media, such as milky liquid, fog, multimode fiber, and biological tissues, where confocal and multiphoton modalities fail. The significant tissue inhomogeneity-induced distortions need to be overcome and a technique referred as optical wavefront shaping (WFS), first proposed in 2007, has been becoming a promising solution, allowing for flexible and powerful light control. Understanding the principle and development of WFS may inspire exciting innovations for effective optical manipulation, imaging, stimulation, and therapy at depths in tissue or tissue-like complex media. Aim We aim to provide insights about what limits the WFS towards biomedical applications, and how recent efforts advance the performance of WFS among different trade-offs. Approach By differentiating the two implementation directions in the field, i.e., precompensation WFS and optical phase conjugation (OPC), improvement strategies are summarized and discussed. Results For biomedical applications, improving the speed of WFS is most essential in both directions, and a system-compatible wavefront modulator driven by fast apparatus is desired. In addition to that, algorithm efficiency and adaptability to perturbations/noise is of concern in precompensation WFS, while for OPC significant improvements rely heavily on integrating physical mechanisms and delicate system design for faster response and higher energy gain. Conclusions Substantial improvements in WFS implementations, from the aspects of physics, engineering, and computing, have inspired many novel and exciting optical applications that used to be optically inaccessible. It is envisioned that continuous efforts in the field can further advance WFS towards biomedical applications and guide our vision into deep biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhao Li
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianting Zhong
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Puxiang Lai
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Photonics Research Institute, Hong Kong, China
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Liu X, Wu S, Wu H, Zhang T, Qin H, Lin Y, Li B, Jiang X, Zheng X. Fully Active Delivery of Nanodrugs In Vivo via Remote Optical Manipulation. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301112. [PMID: 37880897 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The active delivery of nanodrugs has been a bottleneck problem in nanomedicine. While modification of nanodrugs with targeting agents can enhance their retention at the lesion location, the transportation of nanodrugs in the circulation system is still a passive process. The navigation of nanodrugs with external forces such as magnetic field has been shown to be effective for active delivery, but the existing techniques are limited to specific materials like magnetic nanoparticles. In this study, an alternative actuation method is proposed based on optical manipulation for remote navigation of nanodrugs in vivo, which is compatible with most of the common drug carriers and exhibits significantly higher manipulation precision. By the programmable scanning of the laser beam, the motion trajectory and velocity of the nanodrugs can be precisely controlled in real time, making it possible for intelligent drug delivery, such as inverse-flow transportation, selective entry into specific vascular branch, and dynamic circumvention across obstacles. In addition, the controlled mass delivery of nanodrugs can be realized through indirect actuation by the microflow field. The developed optical manipulation method provides a new solution for the active delivery of nanodrugs, with promising potential for the treatment of blood diseases such as leukemia and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Huaying Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Tiange Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Haifeng Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yufeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xianchuang Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
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Liu X, Wu H, Wu S, Qin H, Zhang T, Lin Y, Zheng X, Li B. Optically Programmable Living Microrouter in Vivo. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304103. [PMID: 37749869 PMCID: PMC10646234 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
With high reconfigurability and swarming intelligence, programmable medical micromachines (PMMs) represent a revolution in microrobots for executing complex coordinated tasks, especially for dynamic routing of various targets along their respective routes. However, it is difficult to achieve a biocompatible implantation into the body due to their exogenous building blocks. Herein, a living microrouter based on an organic integration of endogenous red blood cells (RBCs), programmable scanning optical tweezers and flexible optofluidic strategy is reported. By harvesting energy from a designed optical force landscape, five RBCs are optically rotated in a controlled velocity and direction, under which, a specific actuation flow is achieved to exert the well-defined hydrodynamic forces on various biological targets, thus enabling a selective routing by integrating three successive functions, i.e., dynamic input, inner processing, and controlled output. Benefited from the optofluidic manipulation, various blood cells, such as the platelets and white blood cells, are transported toward the damaged vessel and cell debris for the dynamic hemostasis and targeted clearance, respectively. Moreover, the microrouter enables a precise transport of nanodrugs for active and targeted delivery in a large quantity. The proposed RBC microrouter might provide a biocompatible medical platform for cell separation, drug delivery, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
| | - Huaying Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
| | - Haifeng Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
| | - Tiange Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
| | - Yufeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
| | - Xianchuang Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
| | - Baojun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou511443China
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Barreiro R, Sanabria-Macías F, Posada J, Martín-Mateos P, de Dios C. Experimental demonstration of a new near-infrared spectroscopy technique based on optical dual-comb: DC-NIRS. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10924. [PMID: 37407676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37940-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a novel near-infrared spectroscopy technique based on Dual-Comb optical interrogation (DC-NIRS) applied to dispersive media. The technique recovers the frequency response of the medium under investigation by sampling its spectral response in amplitude and phase. The DC-NIRS reference and sample signals are generated using electro-optic modulation which offers a cost-effective, integrable solution while providing high adaptability to the interrogated medium. A careful choice of both line spacing and optical span of the frequency comb ensures that the retrieved information enables the reconstruction of the temporal impulse response of the medium, known as the diffuse-time-of-flight (DTOF), to obtain its optical properties with a 70 µs temporal resolution and 32 ps photon propagation delay resolution. Furthermore, the DC-NIRS technique also offers enhanced penetration due to noiseless optical amplification (interferometric detection). The presented technique was demonstrated on a static bio-mimetic phantom of known optical properties reproducing a typical brain's optical response. The DTOF and optical properties of the phantom were measured, showing the capabilities of this new technique on the estimation of absolute optical properties with a deviation under 3%. Compared to current technologies, our DC-NIRS technique provides enhanced temporal resolution, spatial location capabilities, and penetration depth, with an integrable and configurable cost-effective architecture, paving the way to next-generation, non-invasive and portable systems for functional brain imaging, and brain-computer interfaces, among other. The system is patent pending PCT/ES2022/070176.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Barreiro
- Arquimea Research Center, Quantum Technologies, 38320, San Cristobal De La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Frank Sanabria-Macías
- Arquimea Research Center, Quantum Technologies, 38320, San Cristobal De La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Julio Posada
- Arquimea Research Center, Quantum Technologies, 38320, San Cristobal De La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Cristina de Dios
- Arquimea Research Center, Quantum Technologies, 38320, San Cristobal De La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- University Carlos III of Madrid, SITe Group, 28911, Madrid, Spain
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Li B, Zhu L, Li B, Feng W, Lian X, Ji X. Efficient framework of solving time-gated reflection matrix for imaging through turbid medium. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:15461-15473. [PMID: 37157647 DOI: 10.1364/oe.488257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Imaging through turbid medium is a long pursuit in many research fields, such as biomedicine, astronomy and automatic vehicle, in which the reflection matrix-based method is a promising solution. However, the epi-detection geometry suffers from round-trip distortion and it is challenging to isolate the input and output aberrations in non-ideal cases due to system imperfections and measurement noises. Here, we present an efficient framework based on single scattering accumulation together with phase unwrapping that can accurately separate input and output aberrations from the noise-affected reflection matrix. We propose to only correct the output aberration while suppressing the input aberration by incoherent averaging. The proposed method is faster in convergence and more robust against noise, avoiding precise and tedious system adjustments. In both simulations and experiments, we demonstrate the diffraction-limited resolution capability under optical thickness beyond 10 scattering mean free paths, showing the potential of applications in neuroscience and dermatology.
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Yu Z, Li H, Zhong T, Lai P. Enhancing spatiotemporal focusing of light deep inside scattering media with Time-Gated Reflection Matrix. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:167. [PMID: 35650180 PMCID: PMC9160227 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00858-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Time-gated reflection matrix (RM) has been successfully used for optical imaging deep inside scattering media. Recently, this method was extended to enhance the spatiotemporal focusing of light ultra-deep inside scattering media. This is achieved by calibrating the decomposition of the RM with the Tikhonov regularization parameter to convert multiply scattered photons that share the same time of flight with the singly scattered photons into singly scattered photons. Such a capability suggests a reshaping to the interaction mechanism between light and scattering media, which may benefit or inspire wide optical applications that desire enhanced spatiotemporal focusing of light at depths inside scattering media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanhao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianting Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Puxiang Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China.
- Photonics Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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