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Hidese S. Search for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in patients with major psychiatric disorders: Multiplex immunoassay findings and proximity extension assay prospects. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2024; 44:314-320. [PMID: 38686540 PMCID: PMC11144604 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiplex immunoassays have been developed to detect multiple proteins simultaneously and are used to search for biomarkers, including those present in major psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to review multiplex immunoassay studies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) and examine future research directions using improved proteomic techniques. According to the results of previous multiplex immunoassay studies, increased CSF IFN-β, IL-8, MCP-2, MMP-2, PAI-1, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 and decreased CSF ACE, APP, fibrinogen, and GDNF were observed in patients with schizophrenia, while CSF HGF and S100B were positively correlated with psychotic symptom and CSF IL-11, IL-29/IFN-λ1, and TSLP were negatively correlated. Increased CSF IFN-β and IL-1β and decreased CSF Aβ42, APP, IL-6, and NCAM-1 were observed, while CSF S100B was positively correlated with manic symptom in patients with BD. Increased CSF IL-4, MCP-1, MIP-1β, and MMP-2 were observed in patients with MDD, while CSF HGF and MMP-2 were positively correlated with depressive symptom and CSF IL-15 and MCP-1 were negatively correlated. However, signal cross-talk and cross-reactivity problems have been observed in previous studies using multiplex immunoassay. The proximity extension assay can be used to overcome cross-reactivity and enable ultrasensitive multiplexed detection and quantification of more than 1000 target proteins. However, proteomic studies using proximity extension assay technology in patients with schizophrenia, BD, or MDD are still scarce. Therefore, future high-quality proteomic studies are required to identify CSF biomarkers for larger sets of target proteins in patients with major psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Hidese
- Department of PsychiatryTeikyo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Center of Neurology and PsychiatryNational Institute of NeuroscienceKodaira, TokyoJapan
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Xu F, Su Y, Wang X, Zhang T, Xie T, Wang Y. Olink proteomics analysis uncovers inflammatory proteins in patients with different states of bipolar disorder. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111816. [PMID: 38484669 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A prospective study. BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the relationship between different states of bipolar disorder (BD) and plasma inflammatory proteins, which may be used as their biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We totally collected admission plasma from 16 healthy subjects and 32 BD patients, including 16 patients with BD manic episodes (BD-M) and 16 patients with BD depressive episodes (BD-D). Ten samples in each group were analyzed by proximity extension assays of 92 inflammation-related proteins, and all samples were verified by ELISA. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to identify the diagnostic ability and cut-off values of potential biomarkers. RESULTS Our findings showed that BD patients had significantly higher levels of IL6, MCP-1, TGF-α, IL8, and IL10-RB in comparison with healthy subjects, and their cut-off values were 0.531 pg/ml, 0.531 pg/ml, 0.469 pg/ml, 0.406 pg/ml, and 0.406 pg/ml, respectively. The levels of IL6, MCP-1, TGF-α, and IL8 in BD-M patients were significantly greater than in healthy individuals, and their cut-off values were 0.813 pg/ml, 0.688 pg/ml, 0.438 pg/ml, and 0.625 pg/ml, respectively. Moreover, we found cut-off values of 0.500 pg/mL and 0.688 ng/mL for TGF-α and β-NGF, respectively, even though the levels in the BD-D group were much higher than in the control group. Furthermore, BD-M patients had significantly higher levels of IL6, FGF-19, IFN-γ, and IL-17C in comparison with BD-D patients. Likewise, 0.687 pg/ml, 0.500 pg/ml, 0.438 pg/ml, and 0.375 pg/ml were their cut-off values, respectively. Our findings also showed that the combination of these proteins had the highest diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that plasma inflammatory proteins were related to BD and its subtypes, which may be utilized as potential biomarkers of different stages of BD. Furthermore, we also found their cut-off values and their combinations to have the highest diagnostic accuracy, providing clinicians with a new method to rapidly differentiate BD and its subtypes and manage early targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangming Xu
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University and Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Department of Psychiatry, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Brain Ageing and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Yu Su
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University and Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Department of Psychiatry, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Brain Ageing and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University and Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Department of Psychiatry, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Brain Ageing and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Tianle Zhang
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Tingting Xie
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University and Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Department of Psychiatry, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Brain Ageing and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Mental Health Center, Hebei Medical University and Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Institute of Mental Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Department of Psychiatry, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Hebei Brain Ageing and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China; Department of Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China.
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Xie C, Yang Y, Yu H, He Q, Yuan M, Dong B, Zhang L, Yang M. RNA velocity prediction via neural ordinary differential equation. iScience 2024; 27:109635. [PMID: 38623336 PMCID: PMC11016905 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA velocity is a crucial tool for unraveling the trajectory of cellular responses. Several approaches, including ordinary differential equations and machine learning models, have been proposed to interpret velocity. However, the practicality of these methods is constrained by underlying assumptions. In this study, we introduce SymVelo, a dual-path framework that effectively integrates high- and low-dimensional information. Rigorous benchmarking and extensive studies demonstrate that SymVelo is capable of inferring differentiation trajectories in developing organs, analyzing gene responses to stimulation, and uncovering transcription dynamics. Moreover, the adaptable architecture of SymVelo enables customization to accommodate intricate data and diverse modalities in forthcoming research, thereby providing a promising avenue for advancing our understanding of cellular behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Xie
- MGI, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | | | - Hao Yu
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiushun He
- MGI, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | | | - Bin Dong
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Meng Yang
- MGI, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
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Serretti A. Clinical Utility of Fluid Biomarker in Depressive Disorder. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 20:585-591. [PMID: 36263634 PMCID: PMC9606424 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2022.20.4.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorders are ranked as the single largest contributor to non-fatal health loss and biomarkers could largely improve our routine clinical activity by predicting disease course and guiding treatment. However there is still a dearth of valid biomarkers in the field of psychiatry. The initial assumption that a single biomarker can capture the myriad of complex processes proved to be naive. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the field and to illustrate the possible practical application for routine clinical care. Biomarkers derived from DNA analysis are the ones that have received the most attention. Other potential candidates include circulating transcription products, proteins, and inflammatory markers. DNA polygenic risk scores proved to be useful in other fields of medicine and preliminary results suggest that they could be useful both as risk and diagnostic biomarkers also in depression and for the choice of treatment. A number of other possible fluid biomarkers are currently under investigation for diagnosis, outcome prediction, staging, and stratification of interventions, however research is still needed before they can be used for routine clinical care. When available, clinicians may be able to receive a lab report with detailed information about disease risk, outcome prediction, and specific indications about preferred treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Address for correspondence: Alessandro Serretti Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Pepoli 5, 40123 Bologna, Italy, E-mail: , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4363-3759
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A serum proteomic study of two case-control cohorts identifies novel biomarkers for bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:55. [PMID: 35136035 PMCID: PMC8826439 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We set out to identify novel protein associations with potential as clinically viable biomarkers for bipolar disorder. To this end, we used proximity extension assay to analyze 201 unique proteins in blood serum from two independent cohorts comprising patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls (total n = 493). We identified 32 proteins significantly associated with bipolar disorder in both case-control cohorts after adjusting for relevant covariates. Twenty-two findings are novel to bipolar disorder, but 10 proteins have previously been associated with bipolar disorder: chitinase-3-like protein 1, C-C motif chemokine 3 (CCL3), CCL4, CCL20, CCL25, interleukin 10, growth/differentiation factor-15, matrilysin (MMP-7), pro-adrenomedullin, and TNF-R1. Next, we estimated the variance in serum protein concentrations explained by psychiatric drugs and found that some case-control associations may have been driven by psychiatric drugs. The highest variance explained was observed between lithium use and MMP-7, and in post-hoc analyses and found that the serum concentration of MMP-7 was positively associated with serum lithium concentration, duration of lithium therapy, and inversely associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate in an interaction with lithium. This is noteworthy given that MMP-7 has been suggested as a mediator of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which is characteristic of lithium-induced nephropathy. Finally, we used machine learning to evaluate the classification performance of the studied biomarkers but the average performance in unseen data was fair to moderate (area under the receiver operating curve = 0.72). Taken together, our serum biomarker findings provide novel insight to the etiopathology of bipolar disorder, and we present a suggestive biomarker for lithium-induced nephropathy.
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