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Fang W, Chen X, He J. Cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons mediated inhibitory transmission and plasticity in basolateral amygdala modulate stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 33:100680. [PMID: 39502835 PMCID: PMC11536064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) hyperactivity has been implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. We recently found that enhancing inhibitory transmission in BLA by chemo-genetic activation of local interneurons (INs) can reduce stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Cholecystokinin interneurons (CCK-INs) are a major part of INs in BLA. It remains unknown whether CCK-INs modulated inhibition in BLA can mediate anxiety. In the present study, we found that BLA CCK-INs project extensively to most local excitatory neurons. Activating these CCK-INs using chemo-genetics and optogenetics can both effectively suppress electrical-induced neuronal activity within the BLA. Additionally, we observed that direct and sustained activation of CCK-INs within the BLA via chemo-genetics can mitigate stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice and reduce stress-induced hyperactivity within the BLA itself. Furthermore, augmenting inhibitory plasticity within the BLA through a brief, 10-min high-frequency laser stimulation (HFLS) of CCK-INs also reduce stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Collectively, these findings underscore the pivotal role of BLA CCK-IN-mediated inhibitory transmission and plasticity in modulating anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jufang He
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Nabi-Afjadi M, Ostadhadi S, Liaghat M, Pasupulla AP, Masoumi S, Aziziyan F, Zalpoor H, Abkhooie L, Tarhriz V. Revolutionizing type 1 diabetes management: Exploring oral insulin and adjunctive treatments. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116808. [PMID: 38805967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Insulin pumps or injections are the standard treatment options for this condition. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the several type 1 diabetes treatment options, focusing on oral insulin. The article is divided into parts that include immune-focused treatments, antigen vaccination, cell-directed interventions, cytokine-directed interventions, and non-immunomodulatory adjuvant therapy. Under the section on non-immunomodulatory adjunctive treatment, the benefits and drawbacks of medications such as metformin, amylin, sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 Ras), and verapamil are discussed. The article also discusses the advantages of oral insulin, including increased patient compliance and more dependable and regular blood sugar control. However, several variables, including the enzymatic and physical barriers of the digestive system, impair the administration of insulin via the mouth. Researchers have looked at a few ways to get over these challenges, such as changing the structure of the insulin molecule, improving absorption with the use of absorption enhancers or nanoparticles, and taking oral insulin together with other medications. Even with great advancements in the use of these treatment strategies, T1D still needs improvement in the therapeutic difficulties. Future studies in these areas should focus on creating tailored immunological treatments, looking into combination medications, and refining oral insulin formulations in an attempt to better control Type 1 Diabetes. The ultimate objective is to create accurate, customized strategies that will enhance glycemic management and the quality of life for individuals with the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samane Ostadhadi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Liaghat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ajay Prakash Pasupulla
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Medicine, Colllege of health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - Sajjad Masoumi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Abkhooie
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Sánchez-Zavaleta R, Segovia J, Ruiz-Contreras AE, Herrera-Solís A, Méndez-Díaz M, de la Mora MP, Prospéro-García OE. GPR55 activation prevents amphetamine-induced conditioned place preference and decrease the amphetamine-stimulated inflammatory response in the ventral hippocampus in male rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 120:110636. [PMID: 36099968 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory response in the Central Nervous System (CNS) induced by psychostimulants seems to be a crucial factor in the development and maintenance of drug addiction. The ventral hippocampus (vHp) is part of the reward system involved in substance addiction and expresses abundant G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55). This receptor modulates the inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo, but there is no information regarding its anti-inflammatory effects and its impact on psychostimulant consumption. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether vHp GPR55 activation prevents both the inflammatory response induced by amphetamine (AMPH) in the vHp and the AMPH-induced conditioned place preference (A-CPP). Wistar adult male rats with a bilateral cannula into the vHp or intact males were subjected to A-CPP (5 mg/kg). Upon the completion of A-CPP, the vHp was dissected to evaluate IL-1β and IL-6 expression through RT-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence. Our results reveal that AMPH induces both A-CPP and an increase of IL-1β and IL-6 in the vHp. The GPR55 agonist lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI, 10 μM) infused into the vHp prevented A-CPP and the AMPH-induced IL-1β increase. CID 16020046 (CID, 10 μM), a selective GPR55 antagonist, abolished LPI effects. To evaluate the effect of the inflammatory response, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 μg/μl) was infused bilaterally into the vHp during A-CPP acquisition. LPS strengthened A-CPP and increased IL-1β/IL-6 mRNA and protein levels in the vHp. LPS also increased CD68, Iba1, GFAP and vimentin expression. All LPS-induced effects were blocked by LPI. Our results suggest that GPR55 activation in the vHp prevents A-CPP while decreasing the local neuro-inflammatory response. These findings indicate that vHp GPR55 is a crucial factor in preventing the rewarding effects of AMPH due to its capacity to interfere with proinflammatory responses in the vHp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Sánchez-Zavaleta
- Laboratorio de Canabinoides, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
| | - José Segovia
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico
| | - Alejandra E Ruiz-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Coordinación de Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Facultad de Psicología, México
| | - Andrea Herrera-Solís
- Laboratorio de Efectos Terapéuticos de los Cannabinoides, Subdirección de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, México
| | - Mónica Méndez-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Canabinoides, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | | | - Oscar E Prospéro-García
- Laboratorio de Canabinoides, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
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Dehestani B, Stratford NR, le Roux CW. Amylin as a Future Obesity Treatment. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:320-325. [PMID: 34929674 PMCID: PMC8735818 DOI: 10.7570/jomes21071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that contributes to detrimental health impacts. One-third of the population suffers from obesity, and it is important to consider obesity as a chronic disease requiring chronic treatment. Amylin is co-secreted with insulin from β pancreatic cells upon nutrient delivery to the small intestine as a satiety signal, acts upon sub-cortical homeostatic and hedonic brain regions, slows gastric emptying, and suppresses post-prandial glucagon responses to meals. Therefore, new pharmacological amylin analogues can be used as potential anti-obesity medications in individuals who are overweight or obese. In this narrative review, we analyse the efficacy, potency, and safety of amylin analogues. The synthetic amylin analogue pramlintide is an approved treatment for diabetes mellitus which promotes better glycaemic control and small but significant weight loss. AM833 (cagrilintide), an investigational novel long-acting acylated amylin analogue, acts as a non-selective amylin receptor. This calcitonin G protein-coupled receptor agonist can serve as an attractive novel treatment for obesity, resulting in reduction of food intake and significant weight loss in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Dehestani
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicholas Rs Stratford
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carel W le Roux
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Mannekote Thippaiah S, Iyengar SS, Vinod KY. Exo- and Endo-cannabinoids in Depressive and Suicidal Behaviors. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:636228. [PMID: 33967855 PMCID: PMC8102729 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.636228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis (marijuana) has been known to humans for thousands of years but its neurophysiological effects were sparsely understood until recently. Preclinical and clinical studies in the past two decades have indisputably supported the clinical proposition that the endocannabinoid system plays an important role in the etiopathogeneses of many neuropsychiatric disorders, including mood and addictive disorders. In this review, we discuss the existing knowledge of exo- and endo-cannabinoids, and role of the endocannabinoid system in depressive and suicidal behavior. A dysfunction in this system, located in brain regions such as prefrontal cortex and limbic structures is implicated in mood regulation, impulsivity and decision-making, may increase the risk of negative mood and cognition as well as suicidality. The literature discussed here also suggests that the endocannabinoid system may be a viable target for treatments of these neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinagesh Mannekote Thippaiah
- Valleywise Behavioral Health, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Sloka S Iyengar
- The American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, United States
| | - K Yaragudri Vinod
- Department of Analytical Psychopharmacology, The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States.,Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States.,Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
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Banasikowski TJ, Hawken ER. The Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis, Homeostatic Satiety, and Compulsions: What Can We Learn From Polydipsia? Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:170. [PMID: 31417376 PMCID: PMC6686835 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A compulsive phenotype characterizes several neuropsychiatric illnesses - including but not limited to - schizophrenia and obsessive compulsive disorder. Because of its perceived etiological heterogeneity, it is challenging to disentangle the specific neurophysiology that precipitates compulsive behaving. Using polydipsia (or non-regulatory water drinking), we describe candidate neural substrates of compulsivity. We further postulate that aberrant neuroplasticity within cortically projecting structures [i.e., the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST)] and circuits that encode homeostatic emotions (thirst, hunger, satiety, etc.) underlie compulsive drinking. By transducing an inaccurate signal that fails to represent true homeostatic state, cortical structures cannot select appropriate and adaptive actions. Additionally, augmented dopamine (DA) reactivity in striatal projections to and from the frontal cortex contribute to aberrant homeostatic signal propagation that ultimately biases cortex-dependent behavioral selection. Responding becomes rigid and corresponds with both erroneous, inflexible encoding in both bottom-up structures and in top-down pathways. How aberrant neuroplasticity in circuits that encode homeostatic emotion result in the genesis and maintenance of compulsive behaviors needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomek J Banasikowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Emily R Hawken
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
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