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Zaryouh H, De Pauw I, Baysal H, Melis J, Van den Bossche V, Hermans C, Lau HW, Lambrechts H, Merlin C, Corbet C, Peeters M, Vermorken JB, De Waele J, Lardon F, Wouters A. Establishment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma mouse models for cetuximab resistance and sensitivity. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:709-728. [PMID: 38239393 PMCID: PMC10792481 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Aim: Acquired resistance to the targeted agent cetuximab poses a significant challenge in finding effective anti-cancer treatments for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). To accurately study novel combination treatments, suitable preclinical mouse models for cetuximab resistance are key yet currently limited. This study aimed to optimize an acquired cetuximab-resistant mouse model, with preservation of the innate immunity, ensuring intact antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) functionality. Methods: Cetuximab-sensitive and acquired-resistant HNSCC cell lines, generated in vitro, were subcutaneously engrafted in Rag2 knock-out (KO), BALB/c Nude and CB17 Scid mice with/without Matrigel or Geltrex. Once tumor growth was established, mice were intraperitoneally injected twice a week with cetuximab for a maximum of 3 weeks. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the tumor and its microenvironment. Results: Despite several adjustments in cell number, cell lines and the addition of Matrigel, Rag2 KO and BALB/C Nude mice proved to be unsuitable for xenografting our HNSCC cell lines. Durable tumor growth of resistant SC263-R cells could be induced in CB17 Scid mice. However, these cells had lost their resistance phenotype in vivo. Immunohistochemistry revealed a high infiltration of macrophages in cetuximab-treated SC263-R tumors. FaDu-S and FaDu-R cells successfully engrafted into CB17 Scid mice and maintained their sensitivity/resistance to cetuximab. Conclusion: We have established in vivo HNSCC mouse models with intact ADCC functionality for cetuximab resistance and sensitivity using the FaDu-R and FaDu-S cell lines, respectively. These models serve as valuable tools for investigating cetuximab resistance mechanisms and exploring novel drug combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Zaryouh
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Ines De Pauw
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Hasan Baysal
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Jöran Melis
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Valentin Van den Bossche
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
- Institut Roi Albert II, Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Christophe Hermans
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Ho Wa Lau
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Hilde Lambrechts
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Céline Merlin
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Cyril Corbet
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- Department of Medical Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem 2650, Belgium
| | - Jan Baptist Vermorken
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- Department of Medical Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem 2650, Belgium
| | - Jorrit De Waele
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Filip Lardon
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- The authors contributed equally
| | - An Wouters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- The authors contributed equally
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2
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Zhang H, Chen G, Feng X, Song H, Meng L, Fu Y, Yang J, Fan Z, Ding Y, Du Z, Wang J, Yang L, Zhang J, Sun L, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Li Q, Fan X. Targeting WDxR motif reprograms immune microenvironment and inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e15924. [PMID: 36947051 PMCID: PMC10165360 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202215924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The WD-repeat (WDR) family affects carcinogenesis, but its role in the immune microenvironment is poorly characterized. Although functional loss or gain of WDR6 does not markedly change in vitro proliferative and invasive capacity of HCC cells, its deficiency in hepa1-6 cells drastically inhibits the growth and lung metastasis of orthotopically implanted tumors in immune-competent C57BL/6J mice. Mechanistically, WDR6 targets tumor suppressor UVRAG to the CUL4A-DDB1-ROC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex through a unique WDxR motif and promotes its degradation. This upregulates chromatin accessibility at the TNFα locus by blocking autophagic degradation of p65, elevates intratumoral myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) number, and reduces CD8+ T cell infiltration, thereby promoting HCC progression. These immunosuppressive effects are reversed by TNFα blockade. TNFα recruits NF-κB to activate the transcription of WDR6, establishing a WDR6-TNFα loop. Clinically, the WDR6/UVRAG/NF-κB pathway is hyperactivated in HCC, predicting a poor prognosis. Importantly, a WDxR-like peptide disrupts the WDR6/UVRAG complex and enhances the efficiency of anti-PD-L1 against HCC with WDR6 dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiang Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Huiwen Song
- Department of Cardiology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingbing Meng
- Departments of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Youxiang Ding
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijie Du
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianchao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Affiliated Wuhu hospital of ECNU, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Affiliated Wuhu hospital of ECNU, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Robert-Wood-Johnson Medical School University Hospital, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Quanhai Li
- Cell Therapy Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangshan Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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3
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Preclinical models in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1819-1827. [PMID: 36765175 PMCID: PMC10147614 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is the sixth most frequent cancer type. Drug resistance and toxicity are common challenges of the existing therapies, making the development of reliable preclinical models essential for the study of the involved molecular mechanisms as well as for eventual intervention approaches that improve the clinical outcome. Preclinical models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been traditionally based on cell lines and murine models. In this review, we will go over the most frequently used preclinical models, from immortalised-cell and primary tumour cultures in monolayer or 3D, to the currently available animal models. We will scrutinise their efficiency in mimicking the molecular and cellular complexity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Finally, the challenges and the opportunities of other envisaged putative approaches, as well as the potential of the preclinical models to further develop personalised therapies will be discussed.
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4
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Norouzian M, Mehdipour F, Ashraf MJ, Khademi B, Ghaderi A. Regulatory and effector T cell subsets in tumor-draining lymph nodes of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. BMC Immunol 2022; 23:56. [PMCID: PMC9664675 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-022-00530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A crucial role for the immune system has been proposed in the establishment and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this study, we investigated the cytokine and regulatory profiles of T cells in tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) of patients with HNSCC.
Results
The frequencies of CD4+TNF-α+ and CD4+TNF-αhi negatively were associated with poor prognostic factors such as LN involvement (P = 0.015 and P = 0.019, respectively), stage of the disease (P = 0.032 and P = 0.010, respectively) and tumor size (P = 0.026 and P = 0.032, respectively). Frequencies of CD8+IFN-γ+ and CD8+IFN-γ+ TNF-α+ T cells showed negative relationship with tumor grade (P = 0.035 and P = 0.043, respectively). While, the frequencies of CD4+IL-4+, CD8+IL-10+, CD8+IL-4+T cells were higher in advanced stages of the disease (P = 0.042, P = 0.041 and P = 0.030, respectively) and CD4+IFN-γ+TNF-α−, CD8+IL-4+ and CD8+IFN-γ+TNF-α− T cells were higher in patients with larger tumor size (P = 0.026 and P = 0.032, respectively). Negative associations were found between the frequencies of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+CD127low/− Treg cells and cancer stage (P = 0.015 and P = 0.059).
Conclusion
This study shed more lights on the changes in immune profile of T cells in TDLNs of HNSCC. Larger tumor size and/or LN involvement were associated with lower frequencies of CD4+TNF-α+, CD8+IFN-γ+ and CD8+IFN-γ+TNF-α+ but higher frequency of CD4+IL-4+ T cells. Moreover, Foxp3+Tregs correlated with good prognostic indicators.
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5
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Lamkin DM, Chen S, Bradshaw KP, Xu S, Faull KF, Sloan EK, Cole SW. Low-dose exposure to PBDE disrupts genomic integrity and innate immunity in mammary tissue. Front Genet 2022; 13:904607. [PMID: 36035174 PMCID: PMC9413140 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.904607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-dose mixture hypothesis of carcinogenesis proposes that exposure to an environmental chemical that is not individually oncogenic may nonetheless be capable of enabling carcinogenesis when it acts in concert with other factors. A class of ubiquitous environmental chemicals that are hypothesized to potentially function in this low-dose capacity are synthesized polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PBDEs can affect correlates of carcinogenesis that include genomic instability and inflammation. However, the effect of low-dose PBDE exposure on such correlates in mammary tissue has not been examined. In the present study, low-dose long-term (16 weeks) administration of PBDE to mice modulated transcriptomic indicators of genomic integrity and innate immunity in normal mammary tissue. PBDE increased transcriptome signatures for the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 Like 2 (NFE2L2) response to oxidative stress and decreased signatures for non-homologous end joining DNA repair (NHEJ). PBDE also decreased transcriptome signatures for the cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase - Stimulator of Interferon Genes (cGAS-STING) response, decreased indication of Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3 (ISGF3) and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor activity, and increased digital cytometry estimates of immature dendritic cells (DCs) in mammary tissue. Replication of the PBDE exposure protocol in mice susceptible to mammary carcinogenesis resulted in greater tumor development. The results support the notion that ongoing exposure to low levels of PBDE can disrupt facets of genomic integrity and innate immunity in mammary tissue. Such effects affirm that synthesized PBDEs are a class of environmental chemicals that reasonably fit the low-dose mixture hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M. Lamkin
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Donald M. Lamkin,
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Karen P. Bradshaw
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Shili Xu
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kym F. Faull
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Erica K. Sloan
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre-Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Austalia
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Norman Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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6
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Affolter A, Kern J, Bieback K, Scherl C, Rotter N, Lammert A. Biomarkers and 3D models predicting response to immune checkpoint blockade in head and neck cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:88. [PMID: 35642667 PMCID: PMC9183766 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has evolved into a powerful tool in the fight against a number of types of cancer, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Although checkpoint inhibition (CPI) has definitely enriched the treatment options for advanced stage HNSCC during the past decade, the percentage of patients responding to treatment is widely varying between 14-32% in second-line setting in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC with a sporadic durability. Clinical response and, consecutively, treatment success remain unpredictable in most of the cases. One potential factor is the expression of target molecules of the tumor allowing cancer cells to acquire therapy resistance mechanisms. Accordingly, analyzing and modeling the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is key to i) stratify subgroups of patients most likely to respond to CPI and ii) to define new combinatorial treatment regimens. Particularly in a heterogeneous disease such as HNSCC, thoroughly studying the interactions and crosstalking between tumor and TME cells is one of the biggest challenges. Sophisticated 3D models are therefore urgently needed to be able to validate such basic science hypotheses and to test novel immuno-oncologic treatment regimens in consideration of the individual biology of each tumor. The present review will first summarize recent findings on immunotherapy, predictive biomarkers, the role of the TME and signaling cascades eliciting during CPI. Second, it will highlight the significance of current promising approaches to establish HNSCC 3D models for new immunotherapies. The results are encouraging and indicate that data obtained from patient-specific tumors in a dish might be finally translated into personalized immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Affolter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johann Kern
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden‑Württemberg‑Hessen, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Scherl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Lammert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Mogensen FLH, Delle C, Nedergaard M. The Glymphatic System (En)during Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7491. [PMID: 34299111 PMCID: PMC8305763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system is a fluid-transport system that accesses all regions of the brain. It facilitates the exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid and clears waste from the metabolically active brain. Astrocytic endfeet and their dense expression of the aquaporin-4 water channels promote fluid exchange between the perivascular spaces and the neuropil. Cerebrospinal and interstitial fluids are together transported back to the vascular compartment by meningeal and cervical lymphatic vessels. Multiple lines of work show that neurological diseases in general impair glymphatic fluid transport. Insofar as the glymphatic system plays a pseudo-lymphatic role in the central nervous system, it is poised to play a role in neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss how the association of the glymphatic system with the meningeal lymphatic vessel calls for a renewal of established concepts on the CNS as an immune-privileged site. We also discuss potential approaches to target the glymphatic system to combat neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Lind-Holm Mogensen
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (F.L.-H.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Christine Delle
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (F.L.-H.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (F.L.-H.M.); (C.D.)
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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8
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Lin B, Wang S, Yao Y, Shen Y, Yang H. Comprehensive co-expression analysis reveals TMC8 as a prognostic immune-associated gene in head and neck squamous cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:498. [PMID: 33981360 PMCID: PMC8108259 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSC) is closely associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Transmembrane channel-like 8 (TMC8) is a key gene affecting the susceptibility of HPV and that plays an important role in T cell regulation. However, the mechanism by which TMC8 affects T cells and whether it further affects the prognosis of patients with HNSC remains unclear. In the present study, oral cancer cell lines and independent tumor specimens were used to detect TMC8 expression in HNSC. Differential expression of TMC8, methylation status, function and associated signaling pathways were further analyzed. Then, multiple databases were cross-analyzed for the relationship of TMC8 with immune cell infiltration and its impact on the prognosis of numerous types of cancer. The results showed that TMC8 was upregulated in HNSC and high expression was predictive of an improved prognosis. Furthermore, TMC8 was concentrated in multiple immune-associated signaling pathways and the expression of TMC8 was associated with the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and their subsets, including CD8+ T cells, B cells and macrophages, suggesting that TMC8 may play an anti-HPV role by regulating CD4+ T cells. Thus, TMC8 plays an anti-HPV role by regulating the infiltration level of CD4+ T cells, and could therefore be used as a potential prognostic marker for patients with HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Shunji Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Youdan Yao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yuehong Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
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9
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Lin B, Li H, Zhang T, Ye X, Yang H, Shen Y. Comprehensive analysis of macrophage-related multigene signature in the tumor microenvironment of head and neck squamous cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5718-5747. [PMID: 33592580 PMCID: PMC7950226 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are among the most abundant cells of the tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cancer (HNSC). Although the marker gene sets of macrophages have been found, the mechanism by which they affect macrophages and whether they further predict the clinical outcome is unclear. In this study, a univariate COX analysis and a random forest algorithm were used to construct a prognostic model. Differential expression of the key gene, methylation status, function, and signaling pathways were further analyzed. We cross-analyzed multiple databases to detect the relationship between the most critical gene and the infiltration of multiple immune cells, as well as its impact on the prognosis of pan-cancer. FANCE is recognized as hub gene by different algorithms. It was overexpressed in HNSC, and high expression was predictive of better prognosis. It might promote apoptosis through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The expression of FANCE is inversely proportional to the infiltration of CD4 + T cells and their subsets, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), M2 macrophages, but positively co-expressed with M1 macrophages. In summary, FANCE was identified as the hub gene from the macrophage marker gene set, and it may improve the prognosis of HNSC patients by inhibiting lymphocytes and tumor-associated macrophages infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianwen Zhang
- Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuehong Shen
- Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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10
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Harrandah AM, Chukkapalli SS, Bhattacharyya I, Progulske-Fox A, Chan EKL. Fusobacteria modulate oral carcinogenesis and promote cancer progression. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 13:1849493. [PMID: 33391626 PMCID: PMC7717872 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1849493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence suggest periodontal bacterial infection can contribute to oral cancer initiation and progression. Aim: To investigate the effects of periodontal bacteria on oral cancer cell behavior using a cell-based system and a mouse carcinogenesis model. Methods: Oral cancer cell lines were polyinfected with four periodontal bacteria. Cytokine levels and relative changes in oncogene mRNA expression were determined post-infection. Oral tumours in mice induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) were compared with and without administrating periodontal bacteria. Results: Polyinfected oral cancer cells had upregulated MMP1, MMP9, and IL-8. The expression of cell survival markers MYC, JAK1, and STAT3 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers ZEB1 and TGF-β were also significantly elevated. Monoinfections showed F. nucleatum alone had comparable or greater effects than the four bacteria together. Fusobacterial culture supernatant, primarily LPS, was sufficient to induce IL-8 secretion, demonstrating that direct contact of live Fusobacteria with cancer cells might not be required to exert changes in cancer cell behaviour. In the 4NQO-induced oral tumour model, mice infected with bacteria developed significantly larger and more numerous lesions compared to those not infected. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Fusobacteria could potentially enhance cancer cell invasiveness, survival, and EMT when presented in the oral tumour microenvironment. Abbreviations: 4NQO, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition; IL-8, interleukin-8; JAK1, Janus kinase 1; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; OSCCs, oral squamous cell carcinomas; PK, proteinase K; PMB, Polymyxin B; qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta; ZEB1, zinc finger E-Box binding homeobox 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani M Harrandah
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, Umm AlQura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sasanka S Chukkapalli
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Center for Molecular Microbiology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Indraneel Bhattacharyya
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ann Progulske-Fox
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Center for Molecular Microbiology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Edward K L Chan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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11
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Liu KX, Joshi S. "Re-educating" Tumor Associated Macrophages as a Novel Immunotherapy Strategy for Neuroblastoma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1947. [PMID: 32983125 PMCID: PMC7493646 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial pediatric tumor and often presents with metastatic disease, and patients with high-risk neuroblastoma have survival rates of ~50%. Neuroblastoma tumorigenesis is associated with the infiltration of various types of immune cells, including myeloid derived suppressor cells, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), and regulatory T cells, which foster tumor growth and harbor immunosuppressive functions. In particular, TAMs predict poor clinical outcomes in neuroblastoma, and among these immune cells, TAMs with an M2 phenotype comprise an immune cell population that promotes tumor metastasis, contributes to immunosuppression, and leads to failure of radiation or checkpoint inhibitor therapy. This review article summarizes the role of macrophages in tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunosuppression in neuroblastoma and discusses the recent advances in "macrophage-targeting strategies" in neuroblastoma with a focus on three aspects: (1) inhibition of macrophage recruitment, (2) targeting macrophage survival, and (3) reprogramming of macrophages into an immunostimulatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin X. Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shweta Joshi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD Rady's Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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12
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Marcazzan S, Dadbin A, Brachi G, Blanco E, Varoni EM, Lodi G, Ferrari M. Development of lung metastases in mouse models of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2020; 27:494-505. [PMID: 32767730 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 3%-4% of all cancers. Despite the increasing incidence of OSCC distant metastasis and poor prognosis, few animal models of OSCC distant metastasis have been reported. In this study, we established mouse models of OSCC lung metastasis by orthotopic and tail vein injection of new OSCC cell lines. METHODS For the tail vein model, we used a novel cell line isolated from lung metastases reproduced in vivo after intravenous injection of HSC-3 GFP/luciferase cells and sorted for GFP expression (HSC-3 M1 GFP/luciferase). Lung metastases were assessed by imaging techniques and further confirmed by histology. For the orthotopic model, HSC-3 GFP/luciferase cells were injected into the tongue of athymic nude mice. The primary tumor and metastases were assessed by in vivo imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The orthotopic model presented spontaneous lung metastases in 50% of the animals and lymph node metastases were present in 83% of cases. In the tail vein model, a lung metastasis rate of 60% was observed. CONCLUSIONS Lung metastases were successfully reproduced by orthotopic and tail vein injection. Since lymph node metastases were present, the orthotopic model with HSC-3 GFP/luciferase cells may be suitable to investigate metastatic dissemination in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Marcazzan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ali Dadbin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giulia Brachi
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elvin Blanco
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lodi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Sugio CYC, Garcia AAMN, Albach T, Moraes GS, Bonfante EA, Urban VM, Neppelenbroek KH. Candida-Associated Denture Stomatitis and Murine Models: What Is the Importance and Scientific Evidence? J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6020070. [PMID: 32456172 PMCID: PMC7344758 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the high prevalence and recurrence of Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS), in vivo studies in animal models are necessary before those in humans to evaluate new therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to review the literature on murine models of CADS induction using acrylic intraoral devices simulating dentures. Rats are recommended as experimental animals in these models as well as the adoption of a pasty diet. For maintenance in the proper position during the experiments, intraoral appliances must be obtained by individual impressions, using and retained exclusively by cementation on the molars. The region of interest for histopathological analysis was standardized as that corresponding to the area between the first molars. However, there is no consensus among the studies on the CADS induction rat models in relation to the Candida albicans inoculation and need for immunosuppression and/or administration of antibacterial drugs of animals. The greatest difficulty of the available models refers to maintaining the course of the lesion for a sufficient period to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed treatment, considering the rapid and efficient murine immune response to candidal colonization. Therefore, future studies are necessary for the development of a robust and reproducible CADS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Yoshi Campos Sugio
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Amanda Aparecida Maia Neves Garcia
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Thaís Albach
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (T.A.); (G.S.M.); (V.M.U.)
| | - Gustavo Simão Moraes
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (T.A.); (G.S.M.); (V.M.U.)
| | - Estevam Augusto Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Vanessa Migliorini Urban
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (T.A.); (G.S.M.); (V.M.U.)
| | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP 17012-901, Brazil; (C.Y.C.S.); (A.A.M.N.G.); (E.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-14-3235-8245; Fax: +55-14-3235-8277
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14
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Chen L, Yang QC, Li YC, Yang LL, Liu JF, Li H, Xiao Y, Bu LL, Zhang WF, Sun ZJ. Targeting CMTM6 Suppresses Stem Cell-Like Properties and Enhances Antitumor Immunity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 8:179-191. [PMID: 31771985 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CMTM6, a regulator of PD-L1 expression, also modulates tumor immunity. Little is known about the function of CMTM6 and its mechanism of action in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this study, we found by IHC analysis that CMTM6 overexpression predicted a poor prognosis for patients with HNSCC. We discovered that CMTM6 expression was correlated with increased activity through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is essential for tumorigenesis, maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSC), and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristic of multiple cancers. We used short hairpin RNA to eliminate expression of CMTM6, which led, in HNSCC cells, to reduced expression of nuclear β-catenin as well as inhibition of stem cell-like properties, TGFβ-induced EMT, and cell proliferation. Consistent with these results, we identified a significant positive correlation between expression of CMTM6 and EMT- and CSC-related genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We found positive correlations for both RNA and protein between expression of CMTM6 and immune checkpoint components. CMTM6 silencing-induced PD-L1 downregulation delayed SCC7 tumor growth and increased CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell infiltration. The proportions of PD-1+, TIM-3+, VISTA+, LAG-3+, and B7-H3+ exhausted T cells were decreased significantly in the CMTM6 knockdown group. CMTM6 thus regulates stemness, EMT, and T-cell dysfunction and may be a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Chao Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Cun Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei-Lei Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin-Lin Bu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Feng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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15
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Rossa C, D'Silva NJ. Non-murine models to investigate tumor-immune interactions in head and neck cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:4902-4914. [PMID: 30872793 PMCID: PMC6586515 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The immune response has important roles in the biology of solid tumors, including oncogenesis, tumor growth, invasion and metastasis, and response to treatment. Improved understanding of tumor-immune system interactions has provided promising therapeutic options that are based on the rescue and enhancement of the anti-tumoral host response. Immune-based treatments have been approved for clinical use in various types of cancer, including head and neck cancer (HNC); other strategies involving combination therapies are currently in development. These novel therapies were developed based on knowledge derived from in vitro, in silico, and in vivo pre-clinical studies. However, clinical trials seldom replicate the efficacy observed in pre-clinical animal studies. This lack of correlation between pre-clinical studies and clinical trials may be related to limitations of the models used; which highlights the relevance of considering immune-related aspects of different pre-clinical models. Murine models are the most frequently used pre-clinical models of HNC and are discussed elsewhere. Non-murine models have characteristics that offer unique opportunities for the study of HNC etiology, therapeutic strategies, and tumor-immune system interactions. The current review focuses on immune-related aspects of non-murine models, including dog, cat, pig, zebrafish, and frog, that could be used to investigate tumor-immune interactions in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rossa
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, UNESP-State University of Sao Paulo, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Nisha J D'Silva
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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