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Tao Y, Yuan J, Zhou H, Li Z, Yao X, Wu H, Shi H, Huang F, Wu X. Antidepressant potential of total flavonoids from Astragalus in a chronic stress mouse model: Implications for myelination and Wnt/β-catenin/Olig2/Sox10 signaling axis modulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117846. [PMID: 38301982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix Astragali, a versatile traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has a rich history dating back to "Sheng Nong's herbal classic". It has been employed in clinical practice to address various ailments, including depression. One of its primary active components, total flavonoids from Astragalus (TFA), remains unexplored in terms of its potential antidepressant properties. This study delves into the antidepressant effects of TFA using a mouse model subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). AIMS OF THE STUDY The study aimed to scrutinize how TFA influenced depressive behaviors, corticosterone and glutamate levels in the hippocampus, as well as myelin-related protein expression in CUMS mice. Additionally, it sought to explore the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin/Olig2/Sox10 signaling axis as a potential antidepressant mechanism of TFA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to CUMS to induce depressive behaviors. TFA were orally administered at two different doses (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg). A battery of behavioral tests, biochemical analyses, immunohistochemistry, UPLC-MS/MS, real-time PCR, and Western blotting were employed to evaluate the antidepressant potential of TFA. The role of the Wnt/β-catenin/Olig2/Sox10 signaling axis in the antidepressant mechanism of TFA was validated through MO3.13 cells. RESULTS TFA administration significantly alleviated depressive behaviors in CUMS mice, as evidenced by improved sucrose preference, reduced immobility in tail suspension and forced swimming tests, and increased locomotor activity in the open field test. Moreover, TFA effectively reduced hippocampal corticosterone and glutamate levels and promoted myelin formation in the hippocampus of CUMS mice. Then, TFA increased Olig2 and Sox10 expression while inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the hippocampus of CUMS mice. Finally, we further confirmed the role of TFA in promoting myelin regeneration through the Wnt/β-catenin/Olig2/Sox10 signaling axis in MO3.13 cells. CONCLUSIONS TFA exhibited promising antidepressant effects in the CUMS mouse model, facilitated by the restoration of myelin sheaths and regulation of corticosterone, glutamate, Olig2, Sox10, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This research provides valuable insights into the potential therapeutic application of TFA in treating depression, although further investigations are required to fully elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jinfeng Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houyuan Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zikang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaomeng Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Waddell A, Grbic N, Leibowitz K, Wyant WA, Choudhury S, Park K, Collard M, Cole PA, Alani RM. p300 KAT regulates SOX10 stability and function in human melanoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.20.581224. [PMID: 38469149 PMCID: PMC10926666 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.20.581224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
SOX10 is a lineage-specific transcription factor critical for melanoma tumor growth, while SOX10 loss-of-function drives the emergence of therapy-resistant, invasive melanoma phenotypes. A major challenge has been developing therapeutic strategies targeting SOX10's role in melanoma proliferation, while preventing a concomitant increase in tumor cell invasion. Here, we report that the lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) EP300 and SOX10 gene loci on Chromosome 22 are frequently co-amplified in melanomas, including UV-associated and acral tumors. We further show that p300 KAT activity mediates SOX10 protein stability and that the p300 inhibitor, A-485, downregulates SOX10 protein levels in melanoma cells via proteasome-mediated degradation. Additionally, A-485 potently inhibits proliferation of SOX10+ melanoma cells while decreasing invasion in AXLhigh/MITFlow melanoma cells through downregulation of metastasis-related genes. We conclude that the SOX10/p300 axis is critical to melanoma growth and invasion, and that inhibition of p300 KAT activity through A-485 may be a worthwhile therapeutic approach for SOX10-reliant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Waddell
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
| | - Nicole Grbic
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
| | - Kassidy Leibowitz
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
| | - W. Austin Wyant
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
| | - Sabah Choudhury
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
| | - Kihyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
| | - Marianne Collard
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
| | - Philip A. Cole
- Division of Genetics, Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rhoda M. Alani
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA 02118
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Kluge V, Kappelmann-Fenzl M, Fischer S, Zimmermann T, Pommer M, Kuphal S, Bosserhoff AK. Alternative Wnt-signaling axis leads to a break of oncogene-induced senescence. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:166. [PMID: 38388496 PMCID: PMC10883971 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is an important process that suppresses tumor development, but the molecular mechanisms of OIS are still under investigation. It is known that BRAFV600E-mutated melanocytes can overcome OIS and develop melanoma, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Using an established OIS model of primary melanocytes transduced with BRAFV600E, YAP activity was shown to be induced in OIS as well as in melanoma cells compared to that in normal epidermal melanocytes. This led to the assumption that YAP activation itself is not a factor involved in the disruption of OIS. However, its role and interaction partners potentially change. As Wnt molecules are known to be important in melanoma progression, these molecules were the focus of subsequent studies. Interestingly, activation of Wnt signaling using AMBMP resulted in a disruption of OIS in BRAFV600E-transduced melanocytes. Furthermore, depletion of Wnt6, Wnt10b or β-catenin expression in melanoma cells resulted in the induction of senescence. Given that melanoma cells do not exhibit canonical Wnt/β-catenin activity, alternative β-catenin signaling pathways may disrupt OIS. Here, we discovered that β-catenin is an interaction partner of YAP on DNA in melanoma cells. Furthermore, the β-catenin-YAP interaction changed the gene expression pattern from senescence-stabilizing genes to tumor-supportive genes. This switch is caused by transcriptional coactivation via the LEF1/TEAD interaction. The target genes with binding sites for LEF1 and TEAD are involved in rRNA processing and are associated with poor prognosis in melanoma patients. This study revealed that an alternative YAP-Wnt signaling axis is an essential molecular mechanism leading to OIS disruption in melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Kluge
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melanie Kappelmann-Fenzl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Computer Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Dieter-Görlitz-Platz 1, 94469, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Fischer
- Faculty of Computer Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Dieter-Görlitz-Platz 1, 94469, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Tom Zimmermann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michaela Pommer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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Wronski N, Madej E, Grabacka M, Brożyna AA, Wolnicka-Glubisz A. RIPK4 downregulation impairs Wnt3A-stimulated invasiveness via Wnt/β-catenin signaling in melanoma cells and tumor growth in vivo. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110938. [PMID: 37871667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of Wnt signaling in oncogenesis and drug resistance is well known. Receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK4) contributing to the increased activity of many signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, may be an important target for designing new drugs for metastatic melanoma, but its role in melanoma is not fully understood. METHODS We tested the effect of genetic manipulation of RIPK4 (CRISPR/Cas9) on xenograft growth. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to detect active β-catenin, Ki67 and necrosis in xenografts. Wnt signaling pathway activity was examined using Western blot and Top-Flash. The effect of RIPK4 knockout on melanoma cells in vitro stimulated Wnt3A on wound overgrowth, migration and invasion ability was then evaluated. RESULTS Our study showed that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated RIPK4 knockout (KO) significantly reduced tumor growth in a mouse model of melanoma, particularly of WM266.4 cells. RIPK4 KO tumors exhibited lower percentages of Ki67+ cells as well as reduced necrotic area and decreased levels of active β-catenin. In addition, we observed that RIPK4 knockout impaired Wnt3A-induced activation of LRP6 and β-catenin, as manifested by a decrease in the transcriptional activity of β-catenin in Top-Flash in both tested melanoma cell lines, A375 and WM266.4. Prolonged incubation (48 h) with Wnt3A showed reduced level of MMP9, C-myc, and increased SOX10, proteins whose transcription is also dependent on β-catenin activity. Moreover, RIPK4 knockout led to the inhibition of scratch overgrowth, migration and invasion of these cells compared to their controls. CONCLUSION RIPK4 knockdown inhibits melanoma tumor growth and Wnt3A stimulated migration and invasion indicating that RIPK4 might be a potential target for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Wronski
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Madej
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maja Grabacka
- Department of Biotechnology and General Technology of Foods, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna A Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wolnicka-Glubisz
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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Katkat E, Demirci Y, Heger G, Karagulle D, Papatheodorou I, Brazma A, Ozhan G. Canonical Wnt and TGF-β/BMP signaling enhance melanocyte regeneration but suppress invasiveness, migration, and proliferation of melanoma cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1297910. [PMID: 38020918 PMCID: PMC10679360 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1297910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and develops from the melanocytes that are responsible for the pigmentation of the skin. The skin is also a highly regenerative organ, harboring a pool of undifferentiated melanocyte stem cells that proliferate and differentiate into mature melanocytes during regenerative processes in the adult. Melanoma and melanocyte regeneration share remarkable cellular features, including activation of cell proliferation and migration. Yet, melanoma considerably differs from the regenerating melanocytes with respect to abnormal proliferation, invasive growth, and metastasis. Thus, it is likely that at the cellular level, melanoma resembles early stages of melanocyte regeneration with increased proliferation but separates from the later melanocyte regeneration stages due to reduced proliferation and enhanced differentiation. Here, by exploiting the zebrafish melanocytes that can efficiently regenerate and be induced to undergo malignant melanoma, we unravel the transcriptome profiles of the regenerating melanocytes during early and late regeneration and the melanocytic nevi and malignant melanoma. Our global comparison of the gene expression profiles of melanocyte regeneration and nevi/melanoma uncovers the opposite regulation of a substantial number of genes related to Wnt signaling and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/(bone morphogenetic protein) BMP signaling pathways between regeneration and cancer. Functional activation of canonical Wnt or TGF-β/BMP pathways during melanocyte regeneration promoted melanocyte regeneration but potently suppressed the invasiveness, migration, and proliferation of human melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the opposite regulation of signaling mechanisms between melanocyte regeneration and melanoma can be exploited to stop tumor growth and develop new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Katkat
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Yeliz Demirci
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | | | - Doga Karagulle
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Irene Papatheodorou
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory—European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory—European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
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Yazdi SAM, Moghtadaie A, Nazar E. The value of SOX10 expression in predicting perineural invasion in gastric cancer. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE PATOLOGIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CITOLOGIA 2023; 56:227-232. [PMID: 37879819 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SRY-related HMG-box 10 (SOX10) protein has a confirmed role in the regulation of neural cell proliferation and differentiation. It is now suggested that the changes in SOX10 expression may be linked to neural invasion by cancer cells. We aimed to assess the value of SOX10 expression in predicting perineural invasion in gastric cancer. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients with gastric cancer. To assess perineural invasion, Hematoxylin & Eosin stained slides were examined. The expression of SOX10 was also examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Our study showed higher perineural invasion in those with SOX10 positivity as compared to those without SOX10 expression (64.0% vs. 6.7%, p=0.001). No association was revealed between other baseline variables and SOX10 positivity. The expression of this marker increased the chance of neural invasion up to 17 times as indicated by the multivariable regression modeling. Multivariable regression modeling indicated that the chance of neural invasion increased up to 17 times in cases of SOX10 positivity. CONCLUSION Overexpression of SOX10 is closely associated with the risk of perineural invasion in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atieh Moghtadaie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Nazar
- Department of Pathology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
Over the past decade, melanoma has led the field in new cancer treatments, with impressive gains in on-treatment survival but more modest improvements in overall survival. Melanoma presents heterogeneity and transcriptional plasticity that recapitulates distinct melanocyte developmental states and phenotypes, allowing it to adapt to and eventually escape even the most advanced treatments. Despite remarkable advances in our understanding of melanoma biology and genetics, the melanoma cell of origin is still fiercely debated because both melanocyte stem cells and mature melanocytes can be transformed. Animal models and high-throughput single-cell sequencing approaches have opened new opportunities to address this question. Here, we discuss the melanocytic journey from the neural crest, where they emerge as melanoblasts, to the fully mature pigmented melanocytes resident in several tissues. We describe a new understanding of melanocyte biology and the different melanocyte subpopulations and microenvironments they inhabit, and how this provides unique insights into melanoma initiation and progression. We highlight recent findings on melanoma heterogeneity and transcriptional plasticity and their implications for exciting new research areas and treatment opportunities. The lessons from melanocyte biology reveal how cells that are present to protect us from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation reach back to their origins to become a potentially deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia P Centeno
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Valeria Pavet
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Richard Marais
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK.
- Oncodrug Ltd, Alderly Park, Macclesfield, UK.
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Phan KP, Pelargos P, Tsytsykova AV, Tsitsikov EN, Wiley G, Li C, Bebak M, Dunn IF. COMMD10 Is Essential for Neural Plate Development during Embryogenesis. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:13. [PMID: 36976102 PMCID: PMC10051640 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The COMMD (copper metabolism MURR1 domain containing) family includes ten structurally conserved proteins (COMMD1 to COMMD10) in eukaryotic multicellular organisms that are involved in a diverse array of cellular and physiological processes, including endosomal trafficking, copper homeostasis, and cholesterol metabolism, among others. To understand the role of COMMD10 in embryonic development, we used Commd10Tg(Vav1-icre)A2Kio/J mice, where the Vav1-cre transgene is integrated into an intron of the Commd10 gene, creating a functional knockout of Commd10 in homozygous mice. Breeding heterozygous mice produced no COMMD10-deficient (Commd10Null) offspring, suggesting that COMMD10 is required for embryogenesis. Analysis of Commd10Null embryos demonstrated that they displayed stalled development by embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5). Transcriptome analysis revealed that numerous neural crest-specific gene markers had lower expression in mutant versus wild-type (WT) embryos. Specifically, Commd10Null embryos displayed significantly lower expression levels of a number of transcription factors, including a major regulator of the neural crest, Sox10. Moreover, several cytokines/growth factors involved in early embryonic neurogenesis were also lower in mutant embryos. On the other hand, Commd10Null embryos demonstrated higher expression of genes involved in tissue remodeling and regression processes. Taken together, our findings show that Commd10Null embryos die by day E8.5 due to COMMD10-dependent neural crest failure, revealing a new and critical role for COMMD10 in neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh P. Phan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (K.P.P.); (P.P.); (A.V.T.); (E.N.T.)
| | - Panayiotis Pelargos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (K.P.P.); (P.P.); (A.V.T.); (E.N.T.)
| | - Alla V. Tsytsykova
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (K.P.P.); (P.P.); (A.V.T.); (E.N.T.)
| | - Erdyni N. Tsitsikov
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (K.P.P.); (P.P.); (A.V.T.); (E.N.T.)
| | - Graham Wiley
- Clinical Genomics Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Chuang Li
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (C.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Melissa Bebak
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (C.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Ian F. Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (K.P.P.); (P.P.); (A.V.T.); (E.N.T.)
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Zhang L, Chen J, Chen Y, Zou D, Pu Y, Wei M, Huang Y, Li Y, Huang Q, Chen J. Alantolactone Inhibits Melanoma Cell Culture Viability and Migration and Promotes Apoptosis by Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2023; 23:94-104. [PMID: 35598249 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220519100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is a highly invasive and metastatic malignant tumor originating from melanocytes and is associated with a poor prognosis. Surgical resection and chemotherapy are currently the main therapeutic options for malignant melanoma; however, their efficacy is poor, highlighting the need for the development of new, safe, and effective drugs for the treatment of this cancer. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of alantolactone (ALT) on the proliferative, migratory, invasive, and apoptotic ability of malignant melanoma cells and explore its potential anticancer mechanism. METHODS Melanoma cells (A375 and B16) were treated with different concentrations (4, 6, 8, and 10 μmol/L) of ALT, with DMSO and no treatment serving as controls. The effects of the different concentrations of the drug on cell proliferation were assessed by crystal violet staining and CCK-8 assay. The effects on cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the effects of the drug on apoptosis and the cell cycle. ALT target genes in melanoma were screened using network pharmacology. Western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of the proliferation-related protein PCNA; the apoptosisrelated proteins Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3; the invasion and metastasis-related proteins MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin; and the canonical Wnt signaling pathway-related proteins β-catenin, c-Myc, and p-GSK3β. In addition, an l model of melanoma was established by the subcutaneous injection of A375 melanoma cells into nude mice, following which the effects of ALT treatment on malignant melanoma were determined in vivo. RESULTS Compared with the controls, the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacity of ALT-treated melanoma cells was significantly inhibited, whereas apoptosis was enhanced (P<0.01), showing effects that were exerted in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3, as well as those of the interstitial marker E-cadherin, were upregulated in melanoma cells irrespective of the ALT concentration (P<0.05). In contrast, the expression levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, the proliferation-related protein PCNA, and the invasion and metastasis-related proteins MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and vimentin were downregulated (P<0.05). The network pharmacology results indicated that GSK3β may be a key ALT target in melanoma. Meanwhile, western blotting assays showed that ALT treatment markedly suppressed the expression of β-catenin as well as that of its downstream effector c-Myc, and could also inhibit GSK3β phosphorylation. CONCLUSION ALT can effectively inhibit the culture viability, migration, and invasion of A375 and B16 melanoma cells while also promoting their apoptosis. ALT may exert its anti-melanoma effects by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Combined, our data indicate that ALT has the potential as an effective and safe therapeutic drug for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yangmei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Daopei Zou
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710032, China
| | - Yihuan Pu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Mengqi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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10
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The expression of SOX10 and its value for predicting tumor biological behaviors in patients suffering gastric adenocarcinoma, cross sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijso.2022.100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Łysiak M, Das J, Malmström A, Söderkvist P. Methylation associated with long- or short-term survival in glioblastoma patients from the Nordic phase 3 trial. Front Genet 2022; 13:934519. [PMID: 36092918 PMCID: PMC9452748 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.934519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a poor outcome, but even among patients receiving the same therapies and with good prognostic factors, one can find those with exceptionally short and long survival. From the Nordic trial, which randomized GBM patients of 60 years or older between two radiotherapy arms (60 Gy or 34 Gy) or temozolomide (TMZ), we selected 59 with good prognostic factors. These selected GBM patients were equally distributed according to treatment and MGMT promoter methylation status but had long or short survival. Methylation profiling with the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip arrays was performed and utilized for methylation-based CNS tumor classification, and pathway enrichment analysis of differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs), as well as calculation of epigenetic age acceleration with three different algorithms, to compare the long and short survival groups. Samples identified by the classifier as non-GBM IDH wildtype were excluded. DMCs between long- and short-term survivors were found in patients with methylated MGMT promoter treated with TMZ (123,510), those with unmethylated MGMT treated with 60Gy radiotherapy (4,086), and with methylated MGMT promoter treated with 34Gy radiotherapy (39,649). Long-term survivors with methylated MGMT promoter treated with TMZ exhibited hypermethylation of the Wnt signaling and the platelet activation, signaling, and aggregation pathways. The joint analysis of radiotherapy arms revealed 319 DMCs between long- and short-term survivors with unmethylated MGMT and none for samples with methylated MGMT promoter. An analysis comparing epigenetic age acceleration between patients with long- and short-term survival across all treatment arms showed a decreased epigenetic age acceleration for the latter. We identified DMCs for both TMZ and RT-treated patients and epigenetic age acceleration as a potential prognostic marker, but further systematic analysis of larger patient cohorts is necessary for confirmation of their prognostic and/or predictive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Łysiak
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Małgorzata Łysiak, ; Peter Söderkvist,
| | - Jyotirmoy Das
- Bioinformatics Unit (Core Facility), Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Clinical Genomics Linköping, SciLife Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Annika Malmström
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Advanced Home Care, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Söderkvist
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Unit (Core Facility), Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Clinical Genomics Linköping, SciLife Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Małgorzata Łysiak, ; Peter Söderkvist,
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12
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13
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Wnt signaling pathway in cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2022; 525:84-96. [PMID: 34740608 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a highly conserved pathway that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, tissue homeostasis, and wound healing. Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway is intricately involved in almost all stages of tumorigenesis in various cancers. Through direct and/or indirect effects on effector T cells, T-regulatory cells, T-helper cells, dendritic cells, and other cytokine-expressing immune cells, abnormal activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling benefits immune exclusion and hinders T-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses. Activation of Wnt signaling results in increased resistance to immunotherapies. In this review, we summarize the process by which Wnt signaling affects cancer and immune surveillance, and the potential for targeting the Wnt-signaling pathway via cancer immunotherapy.
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14
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Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with few therapeutic options, increased biological understanding and unprecedented innovations in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints have substantially improved the prognosis of patients. However, the low response rate and inevitable occurrence of resistance to currently available targeted therapies have posed the obstacle in the path of melanoma management to obtain further amelioration. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying melanoma pathogenesis more comprehensively, which might lead to more substantial progress in therapeutic approaches and expand clinical options for melanoma therapy. In this review, we firstly make a brief introduction to melanoma epidemiology, clinical subtypes, risk factors, and current therapies. Then, the signal pathways orchestrating melanoma pathogenesis, including genetic mutations, key transcriptional regulators, epigenetic dysregulations, metabolic reprogramming, crucial metastasis-related signals, tumor-promoting inflammatory pathways, and pro-angiogenic factors, have been systemically reviewed and discussed. Subsequently, we outline current progresses in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints, as well as the mechanisms underlying the treatment resistance. Finally, the prospects and challenges in the development of melanoma therapy, especially immunotherapy and related ongoing clinical trials, are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Radaszkiewicz T, Nosková M, Gömöryová K, Vondálová Blanářová O, Radaszkiewicz KA, Picková M, Víchová R, Gybeľ T, Kaiser K, Demková L, Kučerová L, Bárta T, Potěšil D, Zdráhal Z, Souček K, Bryja V. RNF43 inhibits WNT5A-driven signaling and suppresses melanoma invasion and resistance to the targeted therapy. eLife 2021; 10:65759. [PMID: 34702444 PMCID: PMC8550759 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
RNF43 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and known negative regulator of WNT/β-catenin signaling. We demonstrate that RNF43 is also a regulator of noncanonical WNT5A-induced signaling in human cells. Analysis of the RNF43 interactome using BioID and immunoprecipitation showed that RNF43 can interact with the core receptor complex components dedicated to the noncanonical Wnt pathway such as ROR1, ROR2, VANGL1, and VANGL2. RNF43 triggers VANGL2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation and clathrin-dependent internalization of ROR1 receptor and inhibits ROR2 activation. These activities of RNF43 are physiologically relevant and block pro-metastatic WNT5A signaling in melanoma. RNF43 inhibits responses to WNT5A, which results in the suppression of invasive properties of melanoma cells. Furthermore, RNF43 prevented WNT5A-assisted development of resistance to BRAF V600E and MEK inhibitors. Next, RNF43 acted as melanoma suppressor and improved response to targeted therapies in vivo. In line with these findings, RNF43 expression decreases during melanoma progression and RNF43-low patients have a worse prognosis. We conclude that RNF43 is a newly discovered negative regulator of WNT5A-mediated biological responses that desensitizes cells to WNT5A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Radaszkiewicz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Nosková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristína Gömöryová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Vondálová Blanářová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Markéta Picková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ráchel Víchová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Gybeľ
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karol Kaiser
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Demková
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Kučerová
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Bárta
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Potěšil
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vítězslav Bryja
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
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16
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Tang Y, Cao Y. SOX10 Knockdown Inhibits Melanoma Cell Proliferation via Notch Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7225-7234. [PMID: 34557039 PMCID: PMC8455513 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s329331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Melanoma is a serious and malignant disease worldwide. Seeking diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets is urgent for melanoma treatment. SOX10, a member of the SoxE family of genes, is a transcription factor which can regulate the transcription of a wide variety of genes in multiple cellular processes. Methods The mRNA level and protein expression of SOX10 is confirmed by bioinformatic analysis and IHC staining. MTT, clone formation and EdU analysis showed that SOX10 knockdown (KD) could significantly inhibit melanoma cell proliferation. FACS analysis showed that SOX10 KD could markedly enhance the level of cell apoptosis. The downstream target signaling pathway is predicted by RNA-seq based on the public GEO database. The activation of Notch signaling mediated by SOX10 is tested by qPCR and Western blot. Results Ectopic upregulation of SOX10 was found in melanoma patient tissues compared to normal nevus tissues in mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, both mRNA and protein level of SOX10 were negatively correlated with melanoma patient's prognosis. SOX10 knockdown could obviously suppress the proliferation ability of melanoma cells by inactivating Notch signaling pathway. Conclusion Our study confirmed that SOX10 is an oncogene and activate Notch signaling pathway, which suggests the potential treatment for melanoma patients by target SOX10/Notch axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqun Tang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanming Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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17
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Miyachi Y, Nishio M, Otani J, Matsumoto S, Kikuchi A, Mak TW, Maehama T, Suzuki A. TAZ inhibits acinar cell differentiation but promotes immature ductal cell proliferation in adult mouse salivary glands. Genes Cells 2021; 26:714-726. [PMID: 34142411 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There are currently no treatments for salivary gland diseases, making it vital to understand signaling mechanisms operating in acinar and ductal cells so as to develop regenerative therapies. To date, little work has focused on elucidating the signaling cascades controlling the differentiation of these cell types in adult mammals. To analyze the function of the Hippo-TAZ/YAP1 pathway in adult mouse salivary glands, we generated adMOB1DKO mice in which both MOB1A and MOB1B were TAM-inducibly deleted when the animals were adults. Three weeks after TAM treatment, adMOB1DKO mice exhibited smaller submandibular glands (SMGs) than controls with a decreased number of acinar cells and an increased number of immature dysplastic ductal cells. The mutants suffered from reduced saliva production accompanied by mild inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis in SMGs, similar to the Sjogren's syndrome. MOB1-deficient acinar cells showed normal proliferation and apoptosis but decreased differentiation, leading to an increase in acinar/ductal bilineage progenitor cells. These changes were TAZ-dependent but YAP1-independent. Biochemically, MOB1-deficient salivary epithelial cells showed activation of the TAZ/YAP1 and β-catenin in ductal cells, but reduced SOX2 and SOX10 expression in acinar cells. Thus, Hippo-TAZ signaling is critical for proper ductal and acinar cell differentiation and function in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Miyachi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junji Otani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tak Wah Mak
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Immunology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tomohiko Maehama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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18
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Zhang Z, Min L, Li H, Chen L, Zhao Y, Liu S, Guo Q, Zhu S, Li P, Zhang S. Asporin represses gastric cancer apoptosis via activating LEF1-mediated gene transcription independent of β-catenin. Oncogene 2021; 40:4552-4566. [PMID: 34127813 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Asporin (ASPN) presents in the tumor microenvironment and exhibits a cancer-promoting effect as a stroma protein. Even though ASPN has already been observed inside cancer cells, the functions of intracellular ASPN and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we reported that ASPN was upregulated in different stages of gastric cancer (GC), and associated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, we found that ASPN markedly inhibited GC cell apoptosis and promoted cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanism investigations revealed that ASPN directly binding to lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) and promoted LEF1-mediated gene transcription independent of β-catenin, the classic co-factor in the Wnt/LEF1 pathway. We also demonstrated that ASPN selectively facilitated LEF1 binding to and activating the promoters of PTGS2, IL6, and WISP1 to promote their transcription. The suppression of cell apoptosis by ASPN overexpression could be attenuated by LEF1 knockdown or 100 µM aspirin (PTGS2 inhibitor), and siASPN mediated apoptosis could be rescued by LEF1 ectopic expression or adding recombinant IL6. Therefore, we concluded that ASPN repressed GC cell apoptosis via activating LEF1-mediated gene transcription independent of β-catenin, which could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hengcun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Si Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingdong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, P. R. China.
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19
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LY75 Suppression in Mesenchymal Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells Generates a Stable Hybrid EOC Cellular Phenotype, Associated with Enhanced Tumor Initiation, Spreading and Resistance to Treatment in Orthotopic Xenograft Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144992. [PMID: 32679765 PMCID: PMC7404269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The implications of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanisms in the initiation and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remain poorly understood. We have previously shown that suppression of the antigen receptor LY75 directs mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in EOC cell lines with the mesenchymal phenotype, associated with the loss of Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity. In the present study, we used the LY75-mediated modulation of EMT in EOC cells as a model in order to investigate in vivo the specific role of EOC cells, with an epithelial (E), mesenchymal (M) or mixed epithelial plus mesenchymal (E+M) phenotype, in EOC initiation, dissemination and treatment response, following intra-bursal (IB) injections of SKOV3-M (control), SKOV3-E (Ly75KD) and a mixed population of SKOV3-E+M cells, into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. We found that the IB-injected SKOV3-E cells displayed considerably higher metastatic potential and resistance to treatment as compared to the SKOV3-M cells, due to the acquisition of a Ly75KD-mediated hybrid phenotype and stemness characteristics. We also confirmed in vivo that the LY75 depletion directs suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in EOC cells, suggestive of a protective role of this pathway in EOC etiology. Moreover, our data raise concerns regarding the use of LY75-targeted vaccines for dendritic-cell EOC immunotherapy, due to the possible occurrence of undesirable side effects.
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20
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Gajos-Michniewicz A, Czyz M. WNT Signaling in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4852. [PMID: 32659938 PMCID: PMC7402324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT-signaling controls important cellular processes throughout embryonic development and adult life, so any deregulation of this signaling can result in a wide range of pathologies, including cancer. WNT-signaling is classified into two categories: β-catenin-dependent signaling (canonical pathway) and β-catenin-independent signaling (non-canonical pathway), the latter can be further divided into WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP) and calcium pathways. WNT ligands are considered as unique directional growth factors that contribute to both cell proliferation and polarity. Origin of cancer can be diverse and therefore tissue-specific differences can be found in WNT-signaling between cancers, including specific mutations contributing to cancer development. This review focuses on the role of the WNT-signaling pathway in melanoma. The current view on the role of WNT-signaling in cancer immunity as well as a short summary of WNT pathway-related drugs under investigation are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92–215 Lodz, Poland;
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