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Qiu E, Vejdani-Jahromi M, Kaliaev A, Fazelpour S, Goodman D, Ryoo I, Andreu-Arasa VC, Fujima N, Buch K, Sakai O. Fully automated 3D machine learning model for HPV status characterization in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas based on CT images. Am J Otolaryngol 2024; 45:104357. [PMID: 38703612 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2024.104357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) status plays a major role in predicting oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) survival. This study assesses the accuracy of a fully automated 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) in predicting HPV status using CT images. METHODS Pretreatment CT images from OPSCC patients were used to train a 3D DenseNet-121 model to predict HPV-p16 status. Performance was evaluated by the ROC Curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and F1 score. RESULTS The network achieved a mean AUC of 0.80 ± 0.06. The best-preforming fold had a sensitivity of 0.86 and specificity of 0.92 at the Youden's index. The PPV, NPV, and F1 scores are 0.97, 0.71, and 0.82, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A fully automated CNN can characterize the HPV status of OPSCC patients with high sensitivity and specificity. Further refinement of this algorithm has the potential to provide a non-invasive tool to guide clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Qiu
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Maryam Vejdani-Jahromi
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Artem Kaliaev
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Sherwin Fazelpour
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Deniz Goodman
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Inseon Ryoo
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - V Carlota Andreu-Arasa
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA, United States of America
| | - Noriyuki Fujima
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Hokkaido University Hospital, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Karen Buch
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Osamu Sakai
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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Babu S, Krishnan M. Human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer in HNSCC: A growing concern. Oral Oncol 2024; 153:106824. [PMID: 38702227 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamaladevi Babu
- Research, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Madhan Krishnan
- Research, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Lim YX, D'Silva NJ. HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: in search of surrogate biomarkers for early lesions. Oncogene 2024; 43:543-554. [PMID: 38191674 PMCID: PMC10873204 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC) has escalated in the past few decades; this has largely been triggered by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Early cancer screening is needed for timely clinical intervention and may reduce mortality and morbidity, but the lack of knowledge about premalignant lesions for OPSCC poses a significant challenge to early detection. Biomarkers that identify individuals at high risk for OPSCC may act as surrogate markers for precancer but these are limited as only a few studies decipher the multistep progression from HPV infection to OPSCC development. Here, we summarize the current literature describing the multistep progression from oral HPV infection, persistence, and tumor development in the oropharynx. We also examine key challenges that hinder the identification of premalignant lesions in the oropharynx and discuss potential biomarkers for oropharyngeal precancer. Finally, we evaluate novel strategies to improve investigations of the biological process that drives oral HPV persistence and OPSCC, highlighting new developments in the establishment of a genetic progression model for HPV + OPSCC and in vivo models that mimic HPV + OPSCC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne X Lim
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nisha J D'Silva
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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