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Ahn EJ, Min HJ. Environmental factors differentially affect epistaxis among preschool and school-aged children. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1178531. [PMID: 37621609 PMCID: PMC10446964 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1178531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Environmental factors are closely associated with pediatric epistaxis. Whether this association differs according to age has not been previously reported. Therefore, we tried to evaluate the differences in associations between environmental factors and epistaxis in children of different ages. Methods A total of 20,234 patients with epistaxis who visited the hospital between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2015, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their ages: preschool-aged (<6 years) and school-aged children (6-18 years). Daily, monthly, and yearly data on environmental factors were collected. We performed a stepwise logistic regression to identify the potential environmental risk factors for epistaxis in each age group. Results The mean number of epistaxis cases per month in both groups was highest in September. The cases were lowest in February in preschool-aged children and in November in school-aged children. Temperature, humidity, maximum wind speed, and sunshine duration were associated with epistaxis in preschool-aged children. Average wind speed, particulate matter (>10 μm diameter), temperature, humidity, sunshine duration, and sulfur dioxide concentration were associated with epistaxis in school-aged children. Conclusion This study indicates that the differences in environmental risk factors for epistaxis are associated with the patient's age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jin Ahn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Min
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University, Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Orellano P, Reynoso J, Quaranta N. Effects of air pollution on restricted activity days: systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Health 2023; 22:31. [PMID: 36991377 PMCID: PMC10061989 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00979-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adverse effects of air pollution on human health include many diseases and health conditions associated with mortality, morbidity and disability. One example of these outcomes that can be translated into economic costs is the number of days of restricted activity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of outdoor exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 and 2.5 μm (PM10, PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3), on restricted activity days. METHODS Observational epidemiological studies with different study designs were included, and pooled relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated for an increase of 10 μg/m3 of the pollutant of interest. Random-effects models were chosen because of the environmental differences between the studies. Heterogeneity was estimated using prediction intervals (PI) and I-Squared (I2) values, while risk of bias was assessed using a tool developed by the World Health Organization specifically designed for air pollution studies, and based on different domains. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed where possible. The protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022339607). RESULTS We included 18 articles in the quantitative analysis. Associations between pollutants and restricted activity days in time-series studies of short-term exposures, measured as work-loss days, school-loss days, or both were significant for PM10 (RR: 1.0191; 95%CI: 1.0058-1.0326; 80%PI: 0.9979-1.0408; I2: 71%) and PM2.5 (RR: 1.0166; 95%CI: 1.0050-1.0283; 80%PI: 0.9944-1.0397; I2: 99%), but not for NO2 or O3. Some degree of heterogeneity between studies was observed, but sensitivity analysis showed no differences in the direction of the pooled relative risks when studies with a high risk of bias were excluded. Cross-sectional studies also showed significant associations for PM2.5 and restricted activity days. We could not perform the analysis for long-term exposures because only two studies analysed this type of association. CONCLUSION Restricted activity days and related outcomes were associated with some of the pollutants under evaluation, as shown in studies with different designs. In some cases, we were able to calculate pooled relative risks that can be used for quantitative modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Orellano
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional San Nicolás, Colon 332, San Nicolas de los Arroyos, Argentina.
| | | | - Nancy Quaranta
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional San Nicolás, Colon 332, San Nicolas de los Arroyos, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Argentina
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Differential effect of meteorological factors and particulate matter with ≤ 10-µm diameter on epistaxis in younger and older children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21029. [PMID: 36470979 PMCID: PMC9723103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential effect of meteorological factors and air pollutants on pediatric epistaxis in younger and older children has not been evaluated. We evaluated the distribution of pediatric epistaxis cases between younger (0-5 years) and older children (6-18 years). Subsequently, we assessed and compared the effects of meteorological variables and the concentration of particulate matter measuring ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM10) on hospital epistaxis presentation in younger and older children. This retrospective study included pediatric patients (n = 326) who presented with spontaneous epistaxis between January 2015 and August 2019. Meteorological conditions and PM10 concentration were the exposure variables, and data were obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration 75. The presence and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations per day were considered outcome variables. Air temperature, wind speed, sunshine duration, and PM10 concentration in younger children, and sunshine duration and air pressure in older children, significantly correlated with the presence of and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations per day. The PM10 concentration was not a significant factor in older children. Thus, meteorological factors and PM10 concentration may differentially affect epistaxis in younger (0-5-year-olds) and older (6-18-year-olds) children. Risk factors for pediatric epistaxis should be considered according to age.
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Zhang T, Wu Y, Guo Y, Yan B, Wei J, Zhang H, Meng X, Zhang C, Sun H, Huang L. Risk of illness-related school absenteeism for elementary students with exposure to PM 2.5 and O 3. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156824. [PMID: 35738367 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution addresses short-term health effects on morbidity, especially for children. Assessing the impacts of air pollution on elementary students is critical for developing preparedness response strategies for this sensitive group. In the 2016-17 academic year, up to 687,748 groups of illness-related absence records and the information on whether the absentee had gone to a hospital or not were collected from 2564 elementary schools across Jiangsu Province China. We explored the associations between air pollution and illness-related records using a time-stratified case-crossover analysis with distributed lag non-linear design. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in the current-day concentration of PM2.5 and O3 was positively associated with illness-related absenteeism overall. The excess risk of absenteeism was 4.52 % (95%CI 4.37-4.67 %) for PM2.5 and 0.25 % (95%CI 0.01-0.36 %) for O3. The risk associated with O3 was boosted for the frequent absentees who tended to have basic diseases or were more vulnerable to infectious diseases. Students in 43.1 % illness-related absenteeism, mainly due to highly infectious diseases, only received home nursing without going to a hospital. The increase in the number of illness cases associated with PM2.5 and O3 estimated based on the illness-related absence data was 41.5 % and 18.6 % higher than that evaluated based on hospital visit records. Such underestimations persisted in sensitivity analyses and persisted in subgroups classified by gender or grade. Together, the performance of illness-related absence records far outweighed that of hospital visit data regarding the thorough evaluation of air pollution-related illness cases for elementary students. Improvement in air quality and home health care education are warranted as well for the health benefits of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yangyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Rt. 9W., Palisades, NY 10964, United States
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, 20740, USA
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Can Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Road 172, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Association between exposure to particulate matter and school absences in Korean asthmatic adolescents. Ann Occup Environ Med 2022; 34:e21. [PMID: 36147590 PMCID: PMC9483635 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Because particulate matter (PM) and asthma are closely related, the prevalence of school absence among adolescents with asthma can be affected by the concentration of PM. We aimed to investigate the relationship between school absences due to asthma and the total number of days that the PM concentration exceeded the standard. Methods We used the data from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the PM levels of 17 metropolitan cities and provinces gathered from the AirKorea. Information on the characteristics of asthmatic adolescents and the prevalence of school absence was obtained using a questionnaire, while the PM levels based on the total number of days with poor and very poor PM grades were collected from the AirKorea website. Both χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were performed using the weights presented in the original dataset. Results In the case of particulate matter of 10 microns in diameter or smaller (PM10), the odds ratio (OR) after adjusting for confounders (sex, school year, body mass index, smoking history, diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, diagnosis of atopic dermatitis and city size) was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.13) for absents due to asthma when the total days of poor and very poor grades of PM10 (81 μg/m3 or higher) increased by 1 day. In the analysis of particulate matter of 2.5 microns in diameter or smaller (PM2.5), the OR after adjusting for confounders was 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00–1.03) for absents due to asthma when the total number of days with poor and very poor PM2.5 grades (36 μg/m3 or higher) increased by 1 day. Conclusions A significant association was observed between the total number of days of poor and very poor PM10 and PM2.5 grades and school absence due to asthma; PM can cause asthma exacerbation and affect the academic life.
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Wu Y, Zhang T, Wang Y, Wei J, Huang L, Yang J, Sun H. Spatial heterogeneity in health risks of illness-related absenteeism associated with PM 2.5 exposure for elementary students. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113473. [PMID: 35609651 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of socio-economic and environmental factors on the associations between PM2.5 exposure and health risk for elementary students. We estimated the space variability of effects of PM2.5 on daily illness-related absence rate for 2278 elementary schools from 97 counties across Jiangsu Province with data collected in the 2016-17 academic year. We evaluated the effects at school- and county-scales and examined the role of socio-economic and environmental factors with generalized addictive models (GAM). With an interquartile range (IQR, 32 μg/m3) increase in PM2.5 concentration, the relative risk of absence rate for a given school ranged between 1.00 and 2.81. Factors including high economic development level, low health expenditure, dense road network, dense population and low vegetation coverage drove strong effects for schools/counties. For the implementation of efficient clean air policies and public health interventions, we should concern about not only high-polluted areas but also areas under specific socio-economic and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yiyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu, Road 172, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Hong Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu, Road 172, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Association with Ambient Air Pollutants and School Absence Due to Sickness in Schoolchildren: A Case-Crossover Study in a Provincial Town of Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126631. [PMID: 34203021 PMCID: PMC8296492 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ambient air pollutants and Asian dust (AD) on absence from school due to sickness has not been well researched. By conducting a case-crossover study, this study investigated the influence of ambient air pollutants and desert sand dust particles from East Asia on absence from school due to sickness. From November 2016 to July 2018, the daily cases of absence due to sickness were recorded in five elementary schools in Matsue, Japan. During the study period, a total of 16,915 absence cases were recorded, which included 4865 fever cases and 2458 cough cases. The relative risk of overall absence in a 10-μg/m3 increment of PM2.5 and a 0.1-km-1 of desert sand dust particles from East Asia were found with 1.28 (95%CI: 1.15-1.42) and 2.15 (1.04-4.45) at lag0, respectively. The significant influence of PM2.5 persisted at lag5 and that of desert sand dust particles at lag2. NO2 had statistically significant effects at lag2, lag3, and lag4. However, there was no evidence of a positive association of Ox and SO2 with absence from school. These results suggested that PM2.5, NO2, and AD increased the risk of absence due to sickness in schoolchildren.
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Ashworth M, Analitis A, Whitney D, Samoli E, Zafeiratou S, Atkinson R, Dimakopoulou K, Beavers S, Schwartz J, Katsouyanni K. Spatio-temporal associations of air pollutant concentrations, GP respiratory consultations and respiratory inhaler prescriptions: a 5-year study of primary care in the borough of Lambeth, South London. Environ Health 2021; 20:54. [PMID: 33962646 PMCID: PMC8105918 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the associations of outdoor air pollution exposure with mortality and hospital admissions are well established, few previous studies have reported on primary care clinical and prescribing data. We assessed the associations of short and long-term pollutant exposures with General Practitioner respiratory consultations and inhaler prescriptions. METHODS Daily primary care data, for 2009-2013, were obtained from Lambeth DataNet (LDN), an anonymised dataset containing coded data from all patients (1.2 million) registered at general practices in Lambeth, an inner-city south London borough. Counts of respiratory consultations and inhaler prescriptions by day and Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) of residence were constructed. We developed models for predicting daily PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 per LSOA. We used spatio-temporal mixed effects zero inflated negative binomial models to investigate the simultaneous short- and long-term effects of exposure to pollutants on the number of events. RESULTS The mean concentrations of NO2, PM10, PM2.5 and O3 over the study period were 50.7, 21.2, 15.6, and 49.9 μg/m3 respectively, with all pollutants except NO2 having much larger temporal rather than spatial variability. Following short-term exposure increases to PM10, NO2 and PM2.5 the number of consultations and inhaler prescriptions were found to increase, especially for PM10 exposure in children which was associated with increases in daily respiratory consultations of 3.4% and inhaler prescriptions of 0.8%, per PM10 interquartile range (IQR) increase. Associations further increased after adjustment for weekly average exposures, rising to 6.1 and 1.2%, respectively, for weekly average PM10 exposure. In contrast, a short-term increase in O3 exposure was associated with decreased number of respiratory consultations. No association was found between long-term exposures to PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 and number of respiratory consultations. Long-term exposure to NO2 was associated with an increase (8%) in preventer inhaler prescriptions only. CONCLUSIONS We found increases in the daily number of GP respiratory consultations and inhaler prescriptions following short-term increases in exposure to NO2, PM10 and PM2.5. These associations are more pronounced in children and persist for at least a week. The association with long term exposure to NO2 and preventer inhaler prescriptions indicates likely increased chronic respiratory morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ashworth
- School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, Addison House, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Antonis Analitis
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - David Whitney
- School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, Addison House, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Zafeiratou
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Richard Atkinson
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW170RE UK
| | | | - Sean Beavers
- School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, Addison House, London, SE1 1UL UK
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Room 1301, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
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Particulate Matter 10 (PM 10) Is Associated with Epistaxis in Children and Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094809. [PMID: 33946392 PMCID: PMC8124263 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The impact of atmospheric concentration of particulate matter ≤10 μm in diameter (PM10) continues to attract research attention. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of meteorological factors, including PM10 concentration, on epistaxis presentation in children and adults. We reviewed the data from 1557 days and 2273 cases of epistaxis between January 2015 and December 2019. Eligible patients were stratified by age into the children (age ≤17 years) and adult groups. The main outcome was the incidence and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations in hospital per day and month. Meteorological factors and PM10 concentration data were obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration. Several meteorological factors were associated with epistaxis presentation in hospital; however, these associations differed between children and adults. Only PM10 concentration was consistently associated with daily epistaxis presentation in hospital among both children and adults. Additionally, PM10 concentration was associated with the daily cumulative number of epistaxis presentations in hospital in children and adults. Furthermore, the monthly mean PM10 concentration was significantly associated with the total number of epistaxis presentations in the corresponding month. PM10 concentration should be regarded as an important environmental factor that may affect epistaxis in both children and adults.
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Pijl EK, Vanneste YTM, de Rijk AE, Feron FJM, Mathijssen J. The prevalence of sickness absence among primary school pupils - reason to be worried? BMC Public Health 2021; 21:170. [PMID: 33472603 PMCID: PMC7816510 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Absence from school can lead to lower educational achievement and poor health. Little is known about school absence in primary education. This study's first aim was to examine the prevalence of school absence in primary schools and differing types of absence, including sickness absence. The second aim was to determine which pupil characteristics and types of absence were associated with extensive sickness absence. METHODS The school absence registries for the school year 2015-2016 were analysed retrospectively in eight mainstream primary schools with 2216 pupils, and six schools for special primary education with 1000 pupils in the West-Brabant region of the Netherlands. Descriptive analyses, χ2-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS The one-year prevalence of school absence was 85% in mainstream primary schools and 79% in special schools. Sickness absence was the most prevalent type of absence, occurring in 75 and 71% of pupils, respectively The prevalence of extensive sickness absence was 13 and 23%, respectively. In mainstream schools, extensive sickness absence was associated with a young age, low parental educational level, more doctor's visits and unauthorised absence, and in special schools with more doctor's visits, other authorised absence, tardiness and unauthorised absence. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of extensive sickness absence was high, and as this was associated with other types of absence, these pupils missed even more days of school. Public health research, policy and practice should address sickness absence among primary school pupils, to prevent adverse effects on children's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Karen Pijl
- Child and Youth Healthcare Department, GGD West-Brabant, Breda, The Netherlands. .,Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Angelique Eveline de Rijk
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Joseph Maria Feron
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda Mathijssen
- Academic Collaborative Centre Youth, Tranzo, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Chu B, Markeson CD, Barbieri JS. Association of air pollution and chronic inflammatory skin diseases: Challenges of Google Trends data and importance of local data. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83:e217-e218. [PMID: 32434008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Chu
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - John S Barbieri
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Liu W, Cai J, Fu Q, Zou Z, Sun C, Zhang J, Huang C. Associations of ambient air pollutants with airway and allergic symptoms in 13,335 preschoolers in Shanghai, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126600. [PMID: 32234631 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Findings are inconsistent in studies for impacts of outdoor air pollutants on airway health in childhood. In this paper, we collected data regarding airway and allergic symptoms in the past year before a survey in 13,335 preschoolers from a cross-sectional study. Daily averaged concentrations of ambient sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) in the past year before the survey were collected in the kindergarten-located district. We investigated associations of 12-month average concentrations of these pollutants with childhood airway and allergic symptoms. In the two-level (district-child) logistic regression analyses, exposure to higher level of NO2 and of PM10 increased odds of wheeze symptoms (adjusted OR, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.01-1.05 for per 3.0 μg/m3 increase in NO2; 1.22, 1.09-1.39 for per 7.6 μg/m3 increase in PM10), wheeze with a cold (1.03, 1.01-1.06; 1.22, 1.08-1.39), dry cough during night (1.05, 1.03-1.08; 1.23, 1.09-1.40), rhinitis symptoms (1.11, 1.08-1.13; 1.32, 1.07-1.63), rhinitis on pet (1.11, 1.05-1.18; 1.37, 0.95-1.98) and pollen (1.12, 1.03-1.21; 1.23, 0.84-1.82) exposure, eczema symptoms (1.09, 1.05-1.12; 1.22, 0.98-1.52), and lack of sleep due to eczema (1.12, 1.07-1.18; 1.58, 1.25-1.98). Exposures to NO2 and PM10 were also significantly and positively associated with the accumulative score of airway symptoms. Similar positive associations were found of NO2 and of PM10 with the individual symptoms and symptom scores among preschoolers from different kindergarten-located district. These results indicate that ambient NO2 and PM10 likely are risk factors for airway and allergic symptoms in childhood in Shanghai, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China; School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Cai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyan Fu
- Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zou
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chanjuan Sun
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialing Zhang
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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Liu J, Li Y, Li J, Liu Y, Tao N, Song W, Cui L, Li H. Association between ambient PM 2.5 and children's hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Jinan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24112-24120. [PMID: 31228058 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To determine the association between daily air pollution and the hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in children aged from 0 to 17 years in Jinan, China. Generalized linear models were used to explore the acute effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on the children's hospital admissions for respiratory diseases. We evaluated the lag associations (including lag 0 to lag 3, lag 01, and lag 03) between daily PM2.5 and the number of children's hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, and stratified by gender, age group (baby group: age 0-1 years; child group: age 1-5 years; student group: age 6-17 years), and cause-specific disease (including upper infection, pneumonia, and acute bronchitis) during 2011-2015. PM2.5 had significant positive impacts on the number of children's hospital admissions for respiratory disease. The results showed that per 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 at lag 1 was associated with an increase in total and male hospital admissions of 0.23% (95% CI, 0.02%-0.45%) and 0.32% (95% CI, 0.04%-0.06%). The corresponding risk of the student group (age 6-17 years) hospital admissions was increased 0.90% (95% CI, 0.39%-1.42%) at lag 1 day. The corresponding risk of the upper infection was increased 0.96% (95% CI, 0.37-1.55%) at lag 1 day. Males and student groups (age 6-17 years) were more vulnerable to PM2.5 exposure. Upper infection admission was identified as the sensitive disease for children. It is a better way to reduce children's outdoor activities to avoid health effects when the air pollution increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Jun Li
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Ningning Tao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wanmei Song
- School of medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Liangliang Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Huaichen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.
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