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Wang X, Yu J, Yue H, Li S, Yang A, Zhu Z, Guan Z, Wang J. Inpp5e Regulated the Cilium-Related Genes Contributing to the Neural Tube Defects Under 5-Fluorouracil Exposure. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03946-7. [PMID: 38285286 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia are crucial for neurogenesis, and cilium-related genes are involved in the closure of neural tubes. Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (Inpp5e) was enriched in primary cilia and closely related to the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). However, the role of Inpp5e in the development of NTDs is not well-known. To investigate whether Inpp5e gene is associated with the neural tube closure, we established a mouse model of NTDs by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) exposure at gestational day 7.5 (GD7.5). The Inpp5e knockdown (Inpp5e-/-) mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were produced by CRISPR/Cas9 system. The expressions of Inpp5e and other cilium-related genes including intraflagellar transport 80 (Ift80), McKusick-Kaufman syndrome (Mkks), and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (Kras) were determined, utilizing quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, PCR array, and immunofluorescence staining. The result showed that the incidence of NTDs was 37.10% (23 NTDs/62 total embryos) and significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The neuroepithelial cells of neural tubes were obviously disarranged in NTD embryos. The mRNA and protein levels of Inpp5e, Ift80, Mkks, and Kras were significantly decreased in NTD embryonic brain tissues, compared to the control (P < 0.05). Knockdown of the Inpp5e (Inpp5e-/-) reduced the expressions of Ift80, Mkks, and Kras in mESCs. Furthermore, the levels of α-tubulin were significantly reduced in NTD embryonic neural tissue and Inpp5e-/- mESCs. These results suggested that maternal 5-FU exposure inhibited the expression of Inpp5e, which resulted in the downregulation of cilium-related genes (Ift80, Mkks, and Kras), leading to the impairment of primary cilium development, and ultimately disrupted the neural tube closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Wang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jialu Yu
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huixuan Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Shen Li
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Aiyun Yang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zhen Guan
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Takla TN, Luo J, Sudyk R, Huang J, Walker JC, Vora NL, Sexton JZ, Parent JM, Tidball AM. A Shared Pathogenic Mechanism for Valproic Acid and SHROOM3 Knockout in a Brain Organoid Model of Neural Tube Defects. Cells 2023; 12:1697. [PMID: 37443734 PMCID: PMC10340169 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs), including anencephaly and spina bifida, are common major malformations of fetal development resulting from incomplete closure of the neural tube. These conditions lead to either universal death (anencephaly) or severe lifelong complications (spina bifida). Despite hundreds of genetic mouse models of neural tube defect phenotypes, the genetics of human NTDs are poorly understood. Furthermore, pharmaceuticals, such as antiseizure medications, have been found clinically to increase the risk of NTDs when administered during pregnancy. Therefore, a model that recapitulates human neurodevelopment would be of immense benefit to understand the genetics underlying NTDs and identify teratogenic mechanisms. Using our self-organizing single rosette cortical organoid (SOSR-COs) system, we have developed a high-throughput image analysis pipeline for evaluating the SOSR-CO structure for NTD-like phenotypes. Similar to small molecule inhibition of apical constriction, the antiseizure medication valproic acid (VPA), a known cause of NTDs, increases the apical lumen size and apical cell surface area in a dose-responsive manner. GSK3β and HDAC inhibitors caused similar lumen expansion; however, RNA sequencing suggests VPA does not inhibit GSK3β at these concentrations. The knockout of SHROOM3, a well-known NTD-related gene, also caused expansion of the lumen, as well as reduced f-actin polarization. The increased lumen sizes were caused by reduced cell apical constriction, suggesting that impingement of this process is a shared mechanism for VPA treatment and SHROOM3-KO, two well-known causes of NTDs. Our system allows the rapid identification of NTD-like phenotypes for both compounds and genetic variants and should prove useful for understanding specific NTD mechanisms and predicting drug teratogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor N. Takla
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA (R.S.)
| | - Jinghui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA (R.S.)
| | - Roksolana Sudyk
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA (R.S.)
| | - Joy Huang
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA (R.S.)
| | - John Clayton Walker
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA (R.S.)
| | - Neeta L. Vora
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan Z. Sexton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Drug Repurposing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jack M. Parent
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA (R.S.)
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Andrew M. Tidball
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA (R.S.)
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Guan Z, Liang Y, Zhu Z, Yang A, Li S, Guo J, Wang F, Yang H, Zhang N, Wang X, Wang J. Cytosine arabinoside exposure induced cytotoxic effects and neural tube defects in mice and embryo stem cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115141. [PMID: 37320917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for hematological malignancies. The residues of Ara-C have been detected in wastewater and river water with increased usage and discharge. As the ability to cross the placenta and the teratogenicity at low ng/L levels, the toxic effects on pregnant women and infants have been concerned. The toxicity of Ara-C exposure on early embryonic neurodevelopment has not been fully elucidated. In this study, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were injected with different doses of Ara-C on Gestation day (GD) 7.5 and assessed on GD11.5 and GD13.5 to explore the neural developmental effects of Ara-C. HE staining, immunofluorescence, western blot, EdU assay, and flow cytometry were utilized to determine the toxic effects of Ara-C in vivo and in vitro. Our results showed that Ara-C (15-22.5 mg/kg body weight) induced the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). The expression of PH3 was markedly reduced in embryos with Ara-C-induced NTDs, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In contrast, cell apoptosis was markedly increased. Increased expression levels of GFAP and decreased Nestin were observed in the embryonic brain tissues in Ara-C induced NTDs. The level of β-catenin was also decreased on both GD11.5 and GD13.5. These results were confirmed in vitro using mouse Sv129 embryonic stem cells (mESC). Ara-C at a dose comparable to the environment level (0.05 nM) had cytotoxicity. Impaired Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in Ara-C exposure induced imbalance between cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, which might contribute to Ara-C-induced occurrence of NTDs. Our data indicated the environmental concentration of Ara-C had cytotoxicity and that maternal exposure to Ara-C induced NTDs. These results might provide more information to understand the environmental toxic impact of Ara-C on neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yingchao Liang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Aiyun Yang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Shen Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Huimin Yang
- Growth and Development Department, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiuwei Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Translational Medicine Laboratory, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
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Takla TN, Luo J, Sudyk R, Huang J, Walker JC, Vora NL, Sexton JZ, Parent JM, Tidball AM. A Shared Pathogenic Mechanism for Valproic Acid and SHROOM3 Knockout in a Brain Organoid Model of Neural Tube Defects. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.11.536245. [PMID: 37090564 PMCID: PMC10120643 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.11.536245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) including anencephaly and spina bifida are common major malformations of fetal development resulting from incomplete closure of the neural tube. These conditions lead to either universal death (anencephaly) or life-long severe complications (spina bifida). Despite hundreds of genetic mouse models having neural tube defect phenotypes, the genetics of human NTDs are poorly understood. Furthermore, pharmaceuticals such as antiseizure medications have been found clinically to increase the risk of NTDs when administered during pregnancy. Therefore, a model that recapitulates human neurodevelopment would be of immense benefit to understand the genetics underlying NTDs and identify teratogenic mechanisms. Using our self-organizing single rosette spheroid (SOSRS) brain organoid system, we have developed a high-throughput image analysis pipeline for evaluating SOSRS structure for NTD-like phenotypes. Similar to small molecule inhibition of apical constriction, the antiseizure medication valproic acid (VPA), a known cause of NTDs, increases the apical lumen size and apical cell surface area in a dose-responsive manner. This expansion was mimicked by GSK3β and HDAC inhibitors; however, RNA sequencing suggests VPA does not inhibit GSK3β at these concentrations. Knockout of SHROOM3, a well-known NTD-related gene, also caused expansion of the lumen as well as reduced f-actin polarization. The increased lumen sizes were caused by reduced cell apical constriction suggesting that impingement of this process is a shared mechanism for VPA treatment and SHROOM3-KO, two well-known causes of NTDs. Our system allows the rapid identification of NTD-like phenotypes for both compounds and genetic variants and should prove useful for understanding specific NTD mechanisms and predicting drug teratogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor N. Takla
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jinghui Luo
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Roksolana Sudyk
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Joy Huang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - J. Clayton Walker
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Neeta L. Vora
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jonathan Z. Sexton
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI
- Center for Drug Repurposing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jack M. Parent
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Andrew M. Tidball
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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The use of respiratory muscle training in patients with pulmonary dysfunction, internal diseases or central nervous system disorders: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Qual Life Res 2023; 32:1-26. [PMID: 35460472 PMCID: PMC9034447 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of RMT in internal and central nervous system disorders, on pulmonary function, exercise capacity and quality of life. METHODS The inclusion criteria were (1) publications designed as Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), with (2) participants being adults with pulmonary dysfunction caused by an internal disease or central nervous system disorder, (3) an intervention defined as RMT (either IMT or EMT) and (4) with the assessment of exercise capacity, respiratory function and quality of life. For the methodological quality assessment of risk of bias, likewise statistical analysis and meta-analysis the RevMan version 5.3 software and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool were used. Two authors independently analysed the following databases for relevant research articles: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase. RESULTS From a total of 2200 records, the systematic review includes 29 RCT with an overall sample size of 1155 patients. Results suggest that patients with internal and central nervous system disorders who underwent RMT had better quality of life and improved significantly their performance in exercise capacity and in respiratory function assessed with FVC and MIP when compared to control conditions (i.e. no intervention, sham training, placebo or conventional treatments). CONCLUSION Respiratory muscle training seems to be more effective than control conditions (i.e. no intervention, sham training, placebo or conventional treatment), in patients with pulmonary dysfunction due to internal and central nervous system disorders, for quality of life, exercise capacity and respiratory function assessed with MIP and FVC, but not with FEV1.
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BMP/Smad Pathway Is Involved in Lithium Carbonate-Induced Neural-Tube Defects in Mice and Neural Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314831. [PMID: 36499158 PMCID: PMC9735442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural-tube defects (NTDs) are one type of the most serious birth defects. Studies have shown that inositol deficiency is closely related to the occurrence of NTDs. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated Smad signaling pathways have been implicated in neurogenesis and neural-tube closure. However, the role of the BMP/Smad pathway in inositol-deficiency-induced NTDs remains unclear. Inositol-deficiency models in C57 mice and mouse neural stem cells (mNSCs) were induced with Li2CO3 treatment or inositol withdrawal. The role of the BMP/Smad pathway in the regulation of cell proliferation and the development of NTDs was determined utilizing qRT-PCR, HE staining, Western blot, immunostaining, MTT assay, EdU staining, and flow cytometry. The intraperitoneal injection of Li2CO3 at Embryonic Day 7.5 induced the occurrence of NTDs. The mRNA levels of Bmp2, Bmp4, Smad1, Smad5, Smad8 and Runx2, the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8, and the nuclear translocation of Runx2 were significantly increased in NTD embryonic brain tissues and mNSCs exposed to Li2CO3 or an inositol-free medium, which were suppressed by BMP receptor selective inhibitor LDN-193189. The Li2CO3-induced phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 was inhibited by inositol supplementation. Cell proliferation was significantly promoted by Li2CO3 exposure or the absence of inositol in mNSCs, which was reversed by LDN-193189. These results suggest that the activation of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway might play an important role in the development of NTDs induced by maternal Li2CO3 exposure via inositol deficiency.
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Guan Z, Liang Y, Zhu Z, Yang A, Li S, Wang X, Wang J. Genetic Effects of ITPK1 Polymorphisms on the Risk of Neural Tube Defects: a Population-Based Study. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1585-1593. [PMID: 36323916 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Inositol is closely related to the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). Inositol 1, 3, 4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase (ITPK1) gene encoded an essential regulatory enzyme ITPK1, which is involved in inositol metabolism and has a critical role in the development of neural tube and axial mesoderm. It had been reported that some polymorphisms of critical genes in inositol pathways, including ITPK1, were associated with NTDs in Chinese pregnant women; however, the association between fetus ITPK1 polymorphisms and NTDs had not been reported. In a high incidence of NTDs region of China, a case-control study was performed to evaluate the association between fetal ITPK1 polymorphisms and NTDs. The ITPK1 polymorphisms were genotyped by iPLEX® Gold assay. Inositol levels in fetus brain tissues were analyzed. Three genetic polymorphisms of fetus ITPK1's, including rs3818175, rs2295394, and rs4586354, were statistically associated with spina bifida (NTD subtypes). A higher risk of spina bifida was associated with genotype GG of rs3818175, genotype CC of rs4586354, and genotype TT of rs2295394 (OR = 2.66, 95% CI [1.17-6.05], P = 0.017; OR = 2.22, 95% CI [1.02-4.80], P = 0.041; and OR = 2.33, 95% CI [1.00-5.48], P = 0.047), when compared with the other wild-type genotypes CC, TT, and CC, respectively. Decreased brain inositol level was found in NTDs fetuses, compared to normal controls. Inositol levels were found to significantly decrease with rs2295394 (CC genotype), rs4586354 (TT genotype), and rs3818175 (GC genotype) (P < 0.05). The polymorphisms of fetus ITPK1 were associated with the incidence of NTDs and might be a genetic risk factor for spina bifida.
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Del Grosso A, Parlanti G, Angella L, Giordano N, Tonazzini I, Ottalagana E, Carpi S, Pellegrino RM, Alabed HBR, Emiliani C, Caleo M, Cecchini M. Chronic lithium administration in a mouse model for Krabbe disease. JIMD Rep 2022; 63:50-65. [PMID: 35028271 PMCID: PMC8743347 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Krabbe disease (KD; or globoid cell leukodystrophy) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of the galactosylceramidase (GALC) enzyme. No cure is currently available for KD. Clinical applied treatments are supportive only. Recently, we demonstrated that two differently acting autophagy inducers (lithium and rapamycin) can improve some KD hallmarks in-vitro, laying the foundation for their in-vivo pre-clinical testing. Here, we test lithium carbonate in-vivo, in the spontaneous mouse model for KD, the Twitcher (TWI) mouse. The drug is administered ad libitum via drinking water (600 mg/L) starting from post natal day 20. We longitudinally monitor the mouse motor performance through the grip strength, the hanging wire and the rotarod tests, and a set of biochemical parameters related to the KD pathogenesis [i.e., GALC enzymatic activity, psychosine (PSY) accumulation and astrogliosis]. Additionally, we investigate the expression of some crucial markers related to the two pathways that could be altered by lithium: the autophagy and the β-catenin-dependent pathways. Results demonstrate that lithium has not a significant rescue effect on the TWI phenotype, although it can slightly and transiently improves muscle strength. We also show that lithium, with this administration protocol, is unable to stimulate autophagy in the TWI mice central nervous system, whereas results suggest that it can restore the β-catenin activation status in the TWI sciatic nerve. Overall, these data provide intriguing inputs for further evaluations of lithium treatment in TWI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Del Grosso
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Gabriele Parlanti
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Lucia Angella
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Nadia Giordano
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei CavalieriPisaItaly
- CNR Neuroscience InstitutePisaItaly
| | - Ilaria Tonazzini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Elisa Ottalagana
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Sara Carpi
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | | | - Husam B. R. Alabed
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and BiotechnologiesUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and BiotechnologiesUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Matteo Caleo
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei CavalieriPisaItaly
- CNR Neuroscience InstitutePisaItaly
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPadovaItaly
| | - Marco Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
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Gambioli R, Forte G, Buzzaccarini G, Unfer V, Laganà AS. Myo-Inositol as a Key Supporter of Fertility and Physiological Gestation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060504. [PMID: 34070701 PMCID: PMC8227031 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a complex process, featuring several necessary changes in women’s physiology. Most women undergo healthy pregnancies; even so, several women experience reduced fertility or pathologies related to the pregnancy. In the last years, researchers investigated several molecules as promoters of fertility. Among all, myo-inositol (myo-ins) represents a safe compound that proved useful in issues related to fertility and pregnancy. In fact, myo-ins participates in several signaling processes, including the pathways of insulin and gonadotropins, and, therefore, it is likely to positively affect fertility. In particular, several clinical trials demonstrate that its administration can have therapeutic effects in infertile women, and that it can also be useful as a preventive treatment during pregnancy. Particularly, myo-ins could prevent the onset of neural tube defects and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus, promoting a trouble-free gestation. Due to the safety and efficiency of myo-ins, such a treatment may also substitute several pharmaceuticals, which are contraindicated in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gianpiero Forte
- R&D Department, Lo.Li. Pharma, 00156 Rome, Italy; (R.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Giovanni Buzzaccarini
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Unfer
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00161 Rome, Italy;
- System Biology Group Lab, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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LncRNA TUG1 exhibits pro-fibrosis activity in hypertrophic scar through TAK1/YAP/TAZ pathway via miR-27b-3p. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3009-3020. [PMID: 33791919 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic Scar (HS) is a complicated fibrotic disease. In addition, its pathogenesis is still to be further explored. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proved to be participated in multiple diseases, including HS. However, the role of lncRNA TUG1 in HS remains unclear. The expression level of RNA and protein in cells were detected by q-PCR and western blot, respectively. MTT assay was performed to test the cell proliferation. Cell migration was detected by transwell assay. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Dual luciferase report assay and RNA pull down were used to verify the relationship between TUG1, miR-27b-3p and TAK1.TUG1 and TAK1 were upregulated in HS, while miR-27b-3p was downregulated. Knockdown of TUG1 significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration and induced the apoptosis of HS fibroblasts (HSF). In addition, silencing of TUG1 notably inhibited the extracellular matrix (ECM) biosynthesis in HSF. Overexpression of miR-27b-3p has the same effect on HS as that of TUG1 knockdown. Meanwhile, TUG1 could sponge miR-27b-3p, and TAK1 was the direct target of miR-27b-3p. Furthermore, knockdown of TUG1 significantly suppressed the fibrosis in HS via miR-27b-3p/TAK1/YAP/TAZ axis mediation. LncRNA TUG1 promotes the fibrosis in HS via sponging miR-27b-3p and then activates TAK1/YAP/TAZ pathway, which may serve as a potential target for treatment of HS.
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