Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio and blood pressure variability in childhood hypertension-a pilot study

Relationships between Easily Available Biomarkers and Non-Dipper Blood Pressure Pattern in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction. Chronic inflammation plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of both arterial hypertension (HTN) and coronary artery disease (CAD), and is more pronounced in individuals with a non-dipper circadian blood pressure (BP) pattern. A non-dipping BP pattern is in turn is associated with increased cardiovascular morbi-mortality, and a higher risk of atherosclerotic events. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are readily available predictors of systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk. The purpose of our study is to evaluate whether NLR, MLR and PLR can be used as cost-effective predictors of a non-dipping blood pressure pattern in hypertensive patients with stable CAD. Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional retrospective analysis that included 80 patients with hypertension and stable CAD (mean age 55.51 ± 11.83 years, 71.3% male) referred to a cardiovascular rehabilitation center. All patients underwent clinical examination, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and standard blood analysis. Results: Baseline demographic characteristics were similar in both groups. Patients with non-dipper pattern had significantly higher NLR (median = 2, IR (2–3), p < 0.001), MLR (median = 0.31, IR (0.23–0.39), p < 0.001) and PLR (median = 175, IR (144–215), p < 0.001) compared to dippers. Conclusion: Our results suggest that MLR and PLR are inexpensive and easily accessible biomarkers that predict a non-dipping pattern in hypertensive patients with stable CAD.

Systemic inflammation markers and the prevalence of hypertension: A NHANES cross-sectional study

Systemic inflammation markers have been highlighted recently as related to cardiac and non-cardiac disorders. However, few studies have estimated pre-diagnostic associations between these markers and hypertension. In the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey from 1999 to 2010, 22,290 adult participants were included for analysis. We assessed associations between four systemic inflammation markers based on blood cell counts: systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and hypertension prevalence in multivariate logistic regression analysis with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). To further explore their associations, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. In continuous analyses, the ORs for hypertension prevalence per ln-transformed increment in SII and NLR were estimated at 1.115 and 1.087 (95% CI: 1.045-1.188; 1.008-1.173; respectively). Compared to those in the lowest tertiles, the hypertension risks for subjects in the highest SII and NLR tertiles were 1.20 and 1.11 times, respectively. Conversely, we found that PLR and LMR were negatively associated with hypertension prevalence in continuous analyses (1.060, 0.972-1.157; 0.926, 0.845-1.014; respectively), and the highest PLR and LMR tertiles (1.041, 0.959-1.129; 0.943, 0.866-1.028; respectively). Also, subgroup and sensitivity analyses indicated that SII had a greater correlation to hypertension. In conclusion, we find positive associations between SII and NLR and the prevalence of hypertension in this cross-sectional study. Our findings highlight that SII may be a superior systemic inflammation warning marker for hypertension.

Potential diagnostic value of the hematological parameters lymphocyte-monocyte ratio and hemoglobin-platelet ratio for detecting colon cancer

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of using the lymphocyte–monocyte ratio (LMR), hemoglobin–platelet ratio (HPR), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels alone or in combination for diagnosing colon cancer.

Methods

We assessed 124 consecutive patients who were pathologically diagnosed with colon cancer and 131 patients who were diagnosed with benign colon tumors in this retrospective study. We then analyzed correlations between LMR, HPR, and clinicopathological findings. The diagnostic values of LMR, HPR, and CEA alone or in combination in colon cancer patients were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

The median LMR, HPR, and CEA values in colon cancer patients showed significant correlation with the depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. Moreover, there was a significant difference in HPR between patients with tumor size ≥5 cm and those with tumor size <5 cm. Compared with LMR, HPR, or CEA alone, combinations of CEA with LMR, CEA with HPR, and HPR with LMR all had higher area under the curve values, among which the combination of all three (LMR, HPR, and CEA) had the highest area under the curve.

Conclusion

The combination of LMR, HPR, and CEA may be a valuable indicator for monitoring colon cancer.