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Wu L, Du Z, Li L, Qiao L, Zhang S, Yin X, Chang X, Li C, Hua Z. Camouflaging attenuated Salmonella by cryo-shocked macrophages for tumor-targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:14. [PMID: 38195682 PMCID: PMC10776584 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Live bacteria-mediated antitumor therapies mark a pivotal point in cancer immunotherapy. However, the difficulty in reconciling the safety and efficacy of bacterial therapies has limited their application. Improving bacterial tumor-targeted delivery while maintaining biosafety is a critical hurdle for the clinical translation of live microbial therapy for cancer. Here, we developed "dead" yet "functional" Salmonella-loaded macrophages using liquid nitrogen cold shock of an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium VNP20009-contained macrophage cell line. The obtained "dead" macrophages achieve an average loading of approximately 257 live bacteria per 100 cells. The engineered cells maintain an intact cellular structure but lose their original pathogenicity, while intracellular bacteria retain their original biological activity and are delay freed, followed by proliferation. This "Trojan horse"-like bacterial camouflage strategy avoids bacterial immunogenicity-induced neutrophil recruitment and activation in peripheral blood, reduces the clearance of bacteria by neutrophils and enhances bacterial tumor enrichment efficiently after systemic administration. Furthermore, this strategy also strongly activated the tumor microenvironment, including increasing antitumor effector cells (including M1-like macrophages and CD8+ Teffs) and decreasing protumor effector cells (including M2-like macrophages and CD4+ Tregs), and ultimately improved antitumor efficacy in a subcutaneous H22 tumor-bearing mouse model. The cryo-shocked macrophage-mediated bacterial delivery strategy holds promise for expanding the therapeutic applications of living bacteria for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyang Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
- Nanjing Generecom Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University and Jiangsu TargetPharma Laboratories Inc, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zengzheng Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyuan Qiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingpeng Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyao Chang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zichun Hua
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21008, Jiangsu, China.
- Nanjing Generecom Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University and Jiangsu TargetPharma Laboratories Inc, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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Shen P, Cheng P, Li Y, Zong G, Deng R, Qian C, Zhao Y, Wei Z, Lu Y. Unveiling the covert interaction between gut microbiota and neutrophils to drive colorectal cancer metastasis. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176217. [PMID: 38036200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The formation of the microenvironment preceding liver metastasis is intricately linked to the intestinal tract. In recent years, mounting evidence has revealed the significant involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in tumor metastasis, particularly in liver metastasis. Disruption of the intestinal barrier can lead to the translocation of bacteria and their metabolites, such as lipopolysaccharide, into the liver. As the primary defense against pathogens, NETs help eliminate gut-derived toxins and shape the liver's inflammatory and immunosuppressive environment. However, this double-edged sword effect can potentially stimulate tumor metastasis by creating a fertile ground for the growth of intestinal tumor cells due to impaired liver tissue and reduced activity of killer immune cells. This comprehensive review systematically describes the influence factors and mechanisms of NETs in colon cancer metastasis and explores their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiliang Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gangfan Zong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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